Fathers of Biology

by Charles McRae

INDEX.

• Albertus Magnus, [65]
• Alexander the Great, [23], [24]
• Andronicus of Rhodes, [27]
• "Animals, History of," by Aristotle, [27]
• "Animals, On the Parts of," by Aristotle, [31]
• Antipater, Governor of Macedonia, [25]
• Apellicon, [27]
• "Aphorisms" of Hippocrates, [12]
• Aristotle, birth, [21];
  • youth, [22];
  • zoological researches, [24];
  • charge against, [25];
  • death, [26];
  • history of the manuscripts of his works, [26];
  • account of his biological writings, [27-44];
  • his philosophy of nature teleological, [39]
• Arundel, Earl of, [94]
• Asclepiads, physical training among the, [4]
• Asclepions, description of the, [4]
• Aselli, [100]
• Aubrey, [95], [97], [98], [102]

• Bathurst, George, [95]
• Blood, description of, by Aristotle, [31]
• Blood, opinions before the time of Harvey as to the movements of the, [85], [86]
• Bogarucci, [76]
• Brain, description of the, by Aristotle, [33]
• Browne, Sir Thomas, [65]

• Cæsalpinus, [98]
• Calcar, Jean, [71]
• Callisthenes, [24]
• Capillaries, discovery of the, [99]
• "Corporis Humani Fabrica," [72]
• Cuvier's exaggerated praise of Aristotle, [41]

• "Dead image of God," the, [65]
• "De Anatome," [66]
• "De Motu Cordis et Sanguinis," [88-92]
• "De usu Radicis Chinæ," [73]
• Disease, causes of, [7]
• "Disease, The Sacred," [6]
• Diseases, natural history of, [9]
• Dissection of the human body, [10], [52]
• "Divine old man," the, [3]
• Don Carlos, cure of, [75]
• Ductus venosus, observed by Vesalius, [79]

• Ent, Dr., [96]
• "Epigenesis" and "evolution" compared, [40], [102]
• Erasistratus, [47], [58], [85]
• Etienne's observation confirmed by Vesalius, [79]
• Eustachius, discovery of the thoracic duct of the horse by, [100]

• Fabricius of Aquapendente, [85], [92]
• Fallopius, anatomical observations of, [77]
• "Father of medicine," the, [3]
• Foramen ovale, valve guarding the, [79]
• Franciscus Puteus, reply to, by Gabriel Cuneus, [77]

• Galen, birth, [48];
  • influence, [49], [60], [65];
  • education, [49];
  • at Smyrna, [49];
  • at Alexandria, [49];
  • at Pergamus, [50];
  • at Rome, [50];
  • return to Greece, [50];
  • summoned to meet the Emperors at Aquileia, [50];
  • death, [51];
  • writings, [51];
  • views as to the modes of existence, [52];
  • and osteology, [53];
  • and the nervous system, [53];
  • and the lacteals, [54];
  • the heart, [55];
  • the arteries, [56];
  • and respiration, [57-59];
  • made a near approach to the Harveian theory of the circulation, [57]
• Generation of animals, the, [38], [101]
• Geynes, Dr., [60]

• Harvey, date and place of birth, [92];
  • at Canterbury School, [92];
  • at Cambridge, [92];
  • at Padua, [92];
  • elected Fellow of the College of Physicians, [93];
  • appointed physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, [93];
  • physician to Charles I., [93];
  • foreign travels, [94];
  • present at the battle of Edgehill, [95];
  • elected Warden of Merton College, [95];
  • death, [97];
  • discovery of the circulation incomplete in one respect, [98], [99];
  • work on the generation of animals, [101];
  • a scholar, [102];
  • and comparative anatomist, [103]
• Heart, description of the, by Aristotle, [35]
• Hellebore, administered by Hippocrates, [9]
• Hermias, despot of Atarneus, [22];
  • murder of, [23]
• Herophilus, [47], [58], [85]
• Hippocrates, date of birth, [3];
  • Greek contemporaries, [3];
  • birthplace, [3];
  • his freedom from superstition, [5], [16];
  • compared with Socrates, [7];
  • medical doctrines of, [8];
  • works, [10];
  • knowledge of osteology, [10];
  • traditions concerning, [14];
  • oath of, [16]
• Hobbes of Malmesbury, [98]
• Hoffmann, Caspar, [94]
• Humours, the four, [8]
• Huxley, Professor, on errors attributed to Aristotle, [37], [42]

• Lacteals, the, [54], [100]
• Lennox, Duke of, [93]
• Lungs, Aristotle's description of the, [37]

• Malpighi, discovery of the capillaries by, [99]
• Marcus Aurelius, [50]
• Marine animals, description of, by Aristotle, [29]
• Mediastinum, correct description of the, by Vesalius, [79]
• Milk in male animals, occasional appearance of, [29]
• Mundinus, [66]

• Neleus, [26]
• Nicon, father of Galen, [49]

• Omentum, the, and its connections, [80]
• Owen, Professor, on Aristotle's knowledge of the cephalopoda, [29]

• "Parva naturalia," [27]
• Pausanias, [15]
• Pecquet of Dieppe, [100]
• Peripatetics, the, [24]
• Philip, father of Alexander, [22], [23]
• "Physiological division of labour," [43]
• Plato, [22]
• Pliny, [47], [48]
• Pneuma, [38]
• Punctum saliens, [35], [93], [101]
• Pylorus, the, described by Vesalius, [80]
• Pythias, [23]

• Receptaculum chyli, [100]
• Roelants, Joachim, [78]

• Scamnum Hippocratis, [12]
• Servetus, [86]
• Septimius Severus, [51]
• Slegel of Hamburg, [98]
• Socrates compared with Hippocrates, [7]
• Sprengel's opinion of Galen, [60]
• Sylla, [27]
• Sylvius, [67], [72], [73], [74]

• Teupulus, Paulus, [77]
• Theophrastus, [26]
• Theriac, the, [50]
• Thoracic duct, discovery of, [100]
• Tyrannion, [27]

• Vesalius, birth, [66];
  • scholarship, [66];
  • studied under Sylvius, [67];
  • and Winter of Andernach, [67];
  • adventure at Louvain, [67], [68];
  • appointed professor at Padua, at Bologna, and at Pisa, [69];
  • zeal for correctness in anatomy, [70];
  • skill in diagnosis, [70];
  • distrusts infallibility of Galen's teaching, [71];
  • writes "Fabric of the Human Body," [72];
  • is summoned to Ratisbon, [73];
  • destroys his manuscripts, [74];
  • his success as a practitioner, [75];
  • charged with impiety, [75];
  • is sent on pilgrimage, [75];
  • shipwreck and death at Zante, [76];
  • works, [76-80]
• Vis medicatrix naturæ, [9]

• Winter of Andernach, [67]