INDEX

Adams, George, [114], [128]
Adams, Henry, [81]
Adams, John, [165];
History of, [200]
Addison, Alexander, Judge, impeachment of, [47–48], [139], [195];
Federalist, [131], [132]
Adgate & Co., [104]
Allegheny County, [22], [23]
Allegheny County Courts, [157]
Allegheny County Militia, [74], [75]
Almanacs, [4], [165], [172];
Cramer’s, [172–174];
“Common,” [174];
“Magazine,” [174]
Alsop, Richard, [197]
Amberson, Beelen, & Anshutz, [152]
American Coast Pilot, [182]
Amusements, [67–74], [186], [203]
Arnold, actor, [70]
Ash, Thomas, [181]
Ashton, Capt. Joseph, [95], [151]
Ashton & Denny, [152]
Audrian, Peter, [49]
Aurora, newspaper, [51]
Baird, Thomas, [96], [128], [130]
Baldwin, Henry, [96], [141], [148], [149];
attacked by Pentland, [145], [146]
Balls, [68], [72];
for Gen. Lee, [69]
Bank of Pennsylvania, branch, [93], [116]
Baptists, [95]
Barker, Abner, [116], [117], [132]
Barker, Jeffe, [116], [117]
Barker, Jeremiah, [117], [132]
Barrett, William, [121]
Bartholf, Francis, Baron de Belen, [152]
Bates, Edward, [145]
Bates, Frederick, [143], [145], [148]
Bates, James, [145], [148]
Bates, Tarleton, [96], [131], [141] ff.;
duel, [142–150]
Bausman, Elizabeth, marriage, [125]
Bausman, Jacob, [30];
varied career, [41–42]
Bausman, Nicholas, [41]
Bayard, Colo. Stephen, [5]
Beaujolais, Count of, [111]
Bedford County, [2]
Beelen, Anthony, [96], [150], [152]
Beelen, Francis, [152]
Beltzhoover, Melchoir, [41]
“Black Charley,” [39]
Blunt, Edmund, American Coast Pilot, [182]
Boat yards, [8], [40], [92]
Books, in households, [14];
sale of, [14], [15], [27];
interest in, [27];
most popular, [169–171];
Cramer’s publications, [189] ff.;
contemporaneous history, [190];
of local interest, [195–196];
contemporary publications, [199];
in Cramer’s bookstore, [199] ff.
Bookstores, [95];
first, [27];
Cramer’s “Pittsburgh Bookstore,” [116], [163], [186], [188], [199] ff.;
Christy’s and Wrenshall’s, [184]
Boyd, John, [15], [16]
Brackenridge, Henry M., Judge, recollections of Grant’s Hill, [71];
account of horse racing, [73];
on the Court of Allegheny County, [118];
Views of Louisiana, [193]
Brackenridge, Hugh Henry, Judge, [49], [71];
author, [26], [195], [197], [198], [202];
Modern Chivalry, [26];
political leader, [55];
Fourth of July speech, [56];
Justice of Supreme Court, [58];
opposed to Brison, [58] ff.;
and the Tree of Liberty, [62–63];
and the Whisky Insurrection, [81], [106], [124], [195];
Freemason, [95];
residence, [97], [115];
antagonizes soldiers, [115–116];
candidate for Congress, [125], [198];
attacks on, [133–134];
and impeachment of Addison, [139];
settles Gilkison’s affairs, [163];
Bruce’s lines to, [196];
satires on, in The Echo, [197–198]
Braddocksfield, [119]
Brantz, Lewis, notes on Pittsburgh, [9], [30]
Breweries, [78], [92]
Brickyards, [31], [92]
Brison, James, [58–59]
Bromley, actor, [70]
Bruce, David, author of political volume, [196]
Brunot, Dr. Felix, [48], [51]
Bryan, George, Justice, [118]
Building lots, value of, [98–99], [100]
Burr, Aaron, [57];
election of, [165–167];
suppresses History of John Adams, [200]
Business centre of the town, [164]
Butler, General Richard, [95], [122–123]
Butler, Colonel William, [95]
Calhoun, John, [117]
Calhoun, Samuel, [117]
Campbell, Colonel John, [4], [5]
Campbell, Robert, [34]
Card industry, [104]
Card playing, [67], [186]
Carlisle, [2]
Chapman, Thomas, [30–31]
Cheetham, James, [201]
Christy, William, Merchant, [107], [131–132], [154], [184]
Church records, [174]
Churches, German, [10], [93], [186];
Presbyterian, [83], [93];
Episcopalian, [93];
Roman Catholic, [94];
Methodist, [94–95]
City Hall, [50]
“Clapboard Row,” [127];
political methods, [128];
opposed, [131], [132]
“Clapboard Row Junto,” [127]
“Clapboardonian Democracy,” [127]
Clark, General George Rodgers, [141]
Clark, Josiah, [188]
Clothing materials, [64–65]
Coal, [7], [91], [92]
Cochran, Dr. J. B., [206]
Cochran, John Spear, [206]
Cochran, Mary, [206]
Cochran, Susan Cramer, [206]
Cochran, Zadok Cramer, [206]
Comforts and luxuries, [63–64]
Common Almanac, [174]
Commonwealth, The, newspaper, [138], [140]
Concerts, [69]
Constitutionalists, [140]
Coppinger, [78]
Cotton mills, [92], [93]
County jail, [24], [157]
Court House, present, [50];
first, [117], [118];
in 1800, [155–156]
Craig, Major Isaac, buys land in Pittsburgh, [5];
starts glass factory, [32];
Freemason, [96];
tenement of, [106];
Federalist, [131];
Deputy Quarter Master, [142]
Cramer, Elizabeth, [189]
Cramer, Susan, [206]
Cramer, Zadok, [161] ff.;
birth, [162];
bookbinding, [116], [162–163];
bookstore, [116], [163], [184], [188–189];
publisher, [164–165],184;
publications, [165], [167], [172], [174], [176] ff., [179], [180], [187], [189];
opens Circulating Library, [168–171];
partners, [171], [188];
advertisements, [185];
accuses Harris and Ash of plagiarism, [181];
new lines of business, [185–186];
printing business, [187];
offices held, [187];
farming and sheep raising, [188];
travels, [189];
meets H. M. Brackenridge, [193];
mercantile instincts, [196];
opposes moral wrong, [204];
condemns horse racing, [204];
on whisky drinking, [205];
death, [205]
Cramer, Mrs. Zadok, [206]
Cramer’s Almanac, [172–174]
Culture, [3], [4], [26], [184] ff.
Cumberland County, [2]
Cuming, F., Tour of the Western Country, [192–193]
Dancing, [67–69], [154]
Davis, Joseph, [131], [154]
Declary, Peter, [69]
“Democratic” party, [54]
“Democratic Republican” party, [54]
Denny, Major Ebenezer, [131], [150–151]
Denny & Beelen, [150], [151]
Dent, Julia, [153]
Dobbins & McElhinney, [110]
Dress, Freemasons’, [12];
men’s, [65–67]
Drinking, [80–82]
Duane, William, [51]
Dubac, Gabriel, Chevalier, [48], [111]
Du Lac, Perrin, [64]
Dunlap (James) & Co., [155]
“Dutch,” [43], [44]
Echo, The, [197–198]
Education, in early days, [3–4];
schools established, [14];
higher, [17]
Eichbaum, William, [40], [41], [79]
Eichbaum, William, Jr., [188–189]
Emigration westward, through Pittsburgh, [6–8], [29], [175], [179]
Emmert, Mrs. Joseph, [206]
Emmett, Samuel, [30], [80]
English language, [38], [40]
English-speaking population, [38], [40]
Episcopalians, [93], [94]
Ewalt, Samuel, [41], [96], [104], [130]
Farmers’ dress, [66]
Federal party, opposition to, [52–53], [54];
supporters of, [62], [76], [131–132];
emblem of, [74–76];
in the House of Representatives, [165]
Ferree, Thomas, [13], [157–158]
Ferries, over Monongahela River, [29], [42];
over Allegheny River, [30];
and taverns, [80]
Food, [63], [64]
Forman, Major Thomas S., [35]
Fort Fayette, [33]
Fort Pitt, [9], [10], [31], [33]
Fort Stanwix, [8]
Forward, Walter, [141–142]
Fowler, General Alexander, commander of militia, [74];
republican, [75];
left Republican party, [127];
controversy with Gazzam, [128–130]
Francis, Tench, [5]
Freemasons, first lodge in Western country, [11];
start temperance movement, [95–96];
See also [Lodge], [45]
French, [38];
emigration of, [51–52]
French influence, [46], [51], [65], [199]
French language, [39]
French radicalism, influence of, [53]
Freneau, Philip, [26]
“Friends of the People,” [140]
Fulton & Baird, [121], [130]
Gallatin, Albert, [57], [162];
glass factory, [32], [122];
political honors, [46–47], [125];
at Marie’s tavern, [49];
on Western Pennsylvania, [52];
candidate for Congress, [55]
Gallitzen, Demetrius Augustine, [94]
Gazzam, William, [121];
controversy with Fowler, [128–130]
German church, organized, [10];
conducts schools, [14], [186];
treasurer, [42];
followers, [40], [45]
German language, [39], [40], [45], [186]
German Farmers’ Register, The, newspaper, [45]
Germans, [38];
organize church, [10];
second in numbers to English, [40];
confused with the Dutch, [43], [44];
social intercourse, [45];
establish newspaper, [45];
and religion, [83]
Gilkison, John C., bookseller, [27], [163];
prothonotary, [59], [163];
starts library, [168]
Glass factories, [32], [92]
Grant’s Hill, pleasure ground, [49], [70–71], [77]
“Grant’s Hill,” tavern, [49], [50]
Gregg’s (Isaac) Ferry, [30]
Hall, Joseph, [14]
Hamilton, report on manufactures, [91]
Hamsher, John, [40], [41], [155]
Hancock, Richard, [122], [125]
Hannastown, [2];
attacked by British and Indians, [11], [43], [58]
Harmar, General Josiah, [151]
Harris, Joseph, [157]
Harris, Rev. Thaddeus Mason, [181]
“Hartford Wits,” [197]
Haymaker, Jacob, [40], [42], [126]
Henderson, Rev. Matthew, [57]
Henderson, Robert, [30], [80]
Herald of Liberty, newspaper,62
Herd, William, [121]
Herron, Rev. Francis, [83–84]
Hilliard, Elizabeth Bausman, [125–126]
Hilliard, James, [125], [126]
Horse racing, [72–73];
condemned, [203–204]
Houses, construction, [31] ff., [101];
numbered, [33];
comforts in, [63]
Hufnagle, Michael, [43], [96]
Hughes, Rev. James, [190]
Hutchins, Capt. Thomas, [175–176];
Topographical Description of Pennsylavnia, Maryland, and Virginia, [175]
Imlay, Gilbert, North America, [176]
Incorporation of Pittsburgh, [24]
Indians, the Penns’ dealings with, [6];
treaty with, [8];
attack Hannastown, [11], [43];
recede westward, [13]
Industries, [91–93]
Insurgents, [71], [81], [119–120];
conference with, [123–125]
Irish, [38], [55]
Irish, Nathaniel, [130], [153]
Iron industries, [91–92]
Irvine, General William, [123]
Irwin, Captain John, [96], [107], [154]
Irwin, William, [69], [96], [107], [154]
Israel, John, [62], [141], [187]
Italians, [38]
Jackson, Andrew, doctrine, [58]
“Jacobins,” [56]
Jefferson, Thomas, radical ideas of liberty, [53–54];
reception of these ideas in Pennsylvania, [54–55];
Republican dinner in honor of, [56–57], [108];
presidential election of, [165–167];
Notes on the State of Virginia, [200]
Jockey Club, [72], [79]
Johnson, John, [117]
Jones, Ephraim, [29], [80]
Jones, Samuel, [35], [108];
on social life, [71–72]
Jones & Laughlin Steel Co., [148]
Justices of the peace, [101]
Kramer, Baltzer, [32]
Kramer, Christian, [32]
Land, sales of, [5–6], [100]
Lawlessness, [25]
Laws, [24]
Lee, General Henry, [59], [69], [115]
“Lee, Light-Horse Harry,” [59]
Lee, Rev. Wilson, [78]
Lewis and Clark expedition, [179]
Liberty, new ideas of, [53]
Libraries, private, [14];
circulating, [16], [19], [168–171]
Liquors, [64];
manufacture and sale of, [77–79];
drinking of, [80–82]
“Lodge 45 of Ancient York Masons,” first masonic lodge in Pittsburgh, [11];
observance of St. John the Baptist’s Day, [12];
observance of St. John the Evangelist’s Day, [13], [108];
meeting place, [78], [95], [155];
temperance movement, [95–96];
secretary, [108]
Louisiana Purchase, furthers trade, [90];
and the Navigator, [179]
Lucus, John B. C., [47–48], [151]
Luxuries, [63–64]
McClurg, Joseph, [122], [128], [130]
McKean, Thomas, [108], [118];
turns Republican, [54], [56];
candidate for Governor, [57], [140];
takes office, [58];
recommends militia emblem, [75];
Commissioner to meet Insurgents, [123];
reappoints Tannehill, [131];
vetoes revolutionary bills, [138];
refuses to remove Brackenridge, [139];
supporters and opponents of, [140], [141];
alluded to by Bruce, [196]
McLane, D., [34]
McLaughlin, Alexander, [132], [153]
McMillan, Rev. Dr. John, [57], [81]
McNickle, A., [130]
Madison, James, [57]
Magazine Almanac, [174]
Magee, Samuel, [121]
Magee, Thomas, [121]
Mail robbed, [119]
Map of Pittsburgh published, [192]
Marie, John, [49], [50]
Marie, Mrs. John (Jane), divorce case, [50–51]
Marie’s tavern, [56], [75]
Market House, [155]
Market Street, [96–98], [99], [104]
Mechanical Society of Pittsburgh, [17–19], [78], [187]
Mellish, John, [181]
Methodists, [94–95], [201]
Michaux, Dr. F. A., [48], [50]
Mifflin, Thomas, [54], [56]
Military plan of the town, [30–31]
Military spirit, [74]
Militia of Pennsylvania, [74–77]
Modern Chivalry, by H. H. Brackenridge, [26]
Money, circulation of, [15], [28–29]
Montpensier, Duke of, [111]
Moore, Hamilton, Practical Navigator, [182]
Moreau, Jean Victor, [199]
Morgan, General Daniel, [69], [115–116]
Morrow, William, [12], [79]
Morse, Jedidiah, American Gazetteer, [176]
Mowry, Dr. Peter, [114], [132]
Murphy, Mrs. Mary (Molly), [122], [152]
Nail factories, [92], [93]
National currency established, [99]
National Gazette, [51]
Nationalities in Pittsburgh, [38]
Navigator, [174], [187];
sources of its material, [175], [176], [178];
various editions, [176–182];
advertised, [177];
local information in, [180–182]
Negley, Alexander, [41]
Negley, Jacob, [41]
Negroes, [38–39]
Neville, Emily Morgan, [144]
Neville, General John, Freemason, [95];
residence, [105];
offices held, [106];
Federalist, [131]
Neville, Morgan, [48]
Neville, Colonel Presley, public offices, [105], [106];
residence, [115];
saves Brackenridge, [116];
Federalist, [131];
opinion of Democrats, [144]
New Era in 1800, [90]
New Orleans, steamboat, [189]
Newspapers, first, [14];
German, [45];
see also Pittsburgh Gazette and Tree of Liberty
Nicholson, James W., [32]
“Office of Discount and Deposit,” [116]
O’Hara, Colonel James, [95], [120], [131];
glass manufacturer, [32];
brewer, [78];
candidate for burgess, [105]
Ohio and Mississippi Navigator, [176–177]
Ohio River, navigation of, [7], [176–178]
Orleans, Duke of, [111]
Ormsby, John, [78], [95]
Ormsby, Oliver, [184]
Patterson, Rev. Joseph, [81]
Penn, John, [4–5], [6]
Penn, John, Jr., [4–5], [6]
Penn, William, [4]
Penns, the, [42], [98]
Pentland, Ephraim, editor, [138];
attacks on Bates and Baldwin, [145–147], [149]
Peters, Judge Richard, [106]
Philadelphia, post route from Pittsburgh, [17]
Pipe manufactory, [92]
Pittsburgh Academy, [17]
“Pittsburgh Bookstore,” [116], [163], [184], [186] ff.
Pittsburgh Circulating Library, [167–171]
Pittsburgh Fire Company, [24], [130]
Pittsburgh Gazette, established, [14];
and politics, [56], [62], [133];
contributors, [75];
in religious revival, [85];
owner, [114];
Cramer’s advertisement in, [162–163];
advertises Navigator, [177]
Pittsburgh Library Company, [171]
“Pittsburgh” manor, [5]
Pitt Township, [23], [28]
Plan of town, [4], [5], [30–31]
Population, in 1786, [9];
nationalities, [38];
in 1800 and 1810, [90];
Protestant, [93]
Porter, William, [122]
Post office, [17], [114], [128]
Post route, [17]
Practical Navigator, [182]
Presbyterian Church, [9], [10], [83], [93], [94]
Printing offices, [187]
Protestants, [10], [93–94]
Public improvements, [98]
Publishing business, [164], [184–185]
Race horses, [73]
Reed, John, [79], [157]
Reel, Casper, [41]
Religion, [9–11], [82–83], [93];
revival, [84–85];
books on, [191]
Republican General Assembly, radical, [138–139]
Republican party, headquarters, [50];
“Democratic Republican,” [54];
rapid growth in Pennsylvania, [55];
leader in Pittsburgh, [55];
French influences, [55], [56];
influence on dress, [65];
spoils doctrine, [58];
emblem, [75–76];
dominant throughout country, [132];
in national election, [165–167]
Richards, Charles, [39]
Richardson, Dr. Andrew, Freemason, [96], [108];
conducts drug store, [107];
political leader, [108];
speech on Freemasonry, [108–109];
left Republican party, [109–110];
death, [110]
Riddle, James, [96], [121], [128]
Robinson, James, [30], [80]
Robinson and Ensell, [92]
Roman Catholics, [94]
Ross, James, trouble with Mrs. Marie, [50–51];
candidate for governor, [50], [57];
Freemason, [96];
Commissioner to meet Insurgents, [123];
political leader, [131], [132]
Roup, Jonas, [41]
St. Clair, General Arthur, [151]
St. John the Baptist’s Day, observance of, [12–13]
St. John the Evangelist’s day, observance of, [12], [13], [108]
St. Patrick’s Church, [94]
Schoepf, Dr. Johann David, [7]
Schools, [4], [14], [50], [186]
Schultz, Christian, on Navigator, [181–182]
Scotch, [38]
Scott, Dr. Hugh, [96], [121], [128]
Scott, John, [117]
Scott & Trotter, [120]
Scull, John, establishes Pittsburgh Gazette, [14–15];
postmaster, [17];
printer, [26], [187];
residence, [114];
attacks on Brackenridge, [133–134]
Semple, Samuel, [78]
Semple, Steele, [116]
Semple, William, [27], [115]
Shippinsburg, [2]
“Sign of the Black Bear,” [13], [158]
“Sign of the Cross Keys,” [57], [79]
“Sign of the Franklin Head,” [116], [164]
“Sign of General Butler,” [125];
and social affairs, [68];
name, [122];
during Whisky Insurrection, [123], [124];
political headquarters, [127]
“Sign of General Washington,” [34]
“Sign of the Green Tree,” [13], [34], [68];
meeting place of masonic lodge, [12], [96]
“Sign of the Indian Queen,” [79–80]
“Sign of the Negro,” [122]
“Sign of the Sheaf of Wheat,” [153]
“Sign of the Waggon,” [68], [79], [157]
Six Nations, treaty with, [8]
Slavery, [38], [39], [41]
Smith, Thomas, [130]
Smith, Rev. Dr. William, [44]
Smith & Shiras, [78]
Smur, John, [126]
Snyder, Simon, [50], [51], [140]
Social life, [71–72], [77]
South School, [50]
Spanish milled dollar, [99]
Spear, John, [171], [188], [206]
Spoils doctrine, [58]
Steele, Rev. Robert, [13], [96], [129];
dress, [66];
appointment, [85]
Stevenson, Dr. George, [120–121], [131]
Stewart, Thomas, [147], [149]
Stores, [102], [103], [116–117], [120] ff., [150], [154] ff., [184]
Streets, [35], [98]
Sturgeon, Jeremiah, [57], [79]
Supreme Court, [118], [130], [139]
Swiss-Germans, [10], [38]
Tannehill, Adamson, [130]
Tanneries, [92]
Tavern-keeping, [78], [79]
Tavern signs, [33–35]
Taverns, [33], [68], [77], [78]
Temperance movement, [96]
Theatrical performances, [69], [70]
Thorn, William, [82–83]
Tinware manufactory, [92]
Town meetings, [102]
Town officials, [101]
Townships, [23], [28]
Trade, [7], [102]
Trade centre, [7], [29]
Transportation, [25], [93]
Tree of Liberty, established, [62];
contributors, [75];
office, [115];
charge against editor, [127];
in politics, [132], [140];
in mourning, [149];
advertises Navigator, [177]
Tree of Sedition, Blasphemy, and Slander, [56]
Trees, [33], [97]
Trinity Church, [93]
Turnbull, William, [115]
United States Mint authorized, [99]
University of Pittsburgh, [17]
Veech, Judge James, on whisky, [80–81]
Wallace, Judge George, [117]
Washington, George, President, [78], [123]
Washington County, [22]
Water Street residences, [105–107]
Watson, Andrew, tavern, [18], [117], [118]
Weber, Rev. Johann Wilhelm, [10–11]
Welsh, [38]
Western Gleaner, The, magazine, [193–195]
Westmoreland County, [2], [22]
“Whale and the Monkey,” Sign of, [34]
“Whisky Boys,” [81]
Whisky Insurrection, [29], [59], [106];
cause, [25], [77];
expedition against, [29], [59];
at its height, [119–120];
Government conference with Insurgents, [123–125]
Wilkins, John, [117]
Willock, Andrew, Jr., [153]
Wills, Alexander, [158]
Wills, James, [153]
Wills, John, [158]
Wilson and Wallace, sale of books, [14]
Winebiddle, Conrad, [41]
Wood, John, History of John Adams, [200]
Woods, George, [5]
Woods, General John, [125], [131], [132], [198]
Woods (Wm.) & Company, [155]
Wrenshall, John, local preacher, [84], [201];
Farewell to Pittsburgh and the Mountains, [153];
bookstore, [184]
Wusthoff, William, [41], [96]
Yeaman, James, [78], [158]
Yeates, Jasper, [123], [130]
“Young Messenger,” race horse, [73], [79]