The salon and English letters

by Chauncey Brewster Tinker

INDEX

• Addison, Joseph, conversation of, [220];
• Spectator, quoted, [103] n.
• Alembert, Jean d’, birth, [43];
• quoted, [11], [32], [49];
• referred to, [11], [27], [52], [55].
• Anglomania, in Paris, [12] ff.
• Anglomanie, Saurin’s comedy, [12-13].
• Anstey, Christopher, [121].
• Arblay, Mme. d’, see [Burney, Fanny].
• Aurelia, Hoole’s poem, [178].
• Barbauld, Letitia, [124].
• Barmécides, Les, La Harpe’s tragedy, [67].
• Barry, James, portrait of Johnson, [199];
• of Mrs. Montagu, [199];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [199].
• Bas Bleu, Hannah More’s poem, [23], [123-24], [125].
• Bath, Earl of, [123], [125].
• Beattie, James, character, [189];
• Essay on Truth, [190];
• Essays, [192];
• Minstrel, The, [190] ff.;
• —— dedicated to Mrs. Montagu, [193];
• presented to George III, [192];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [189-95].
• Beauclerk, Topham, [53], [104].
• Beaufort, Duchess of, [153] n., [205].
• Bedford, Countess of, [85].
• Behn, Aphra, [94-96], [257].
• biography, art of, [268] ff.;
• theory of, before Boswell, [270] ff.
• Blount, Martha, [100].
• ‘blue,’ i.e., bluestocking, origin and use of the word, [132-33].
• bluestocking, etymology, [127-28];
• translated into French, [127], [130], [133].
• Bluestocking Club, [123] ff.;
• members of, listed, [123-24];
• origin of, [129] ff.
• bluestockings, as authors, [166] ff.;
• as hostesses, [134] ff.;
• as patrons of the arts, [189] ff.;
• descent from the Marquise de Rambouillet, [22].
• Bocage, Mme. du, [35], [52], [75];
• poem to Mrs. Montagu, [135] n.;
• visits Mrs. Montagu, [105], [135].
• Bolingbroke, Lord, relations with Mme. de Tencin, [45].
• Boscawen, Admiral, [125], [129].
• Boscawen, Mrs. Frances, [153-58];
• assemblies, [153];
• Boswell’s opinion of, [153];
• interest in Mrs. Yearsley, [205];
• letters, [154];
• patron of letters, [154];
• relations with Hannah More, [154-56], [181], [184] ff.;
• —— with Pye, [156] n.;
• —— with Young, [156] n.;
• reports the discovery of new letters by Mme. de Sévigné, [237].
• Boswell, James, announces the Life of Johnson, [278-79];
• biography, knowledge of, [269];
• ——, theory of, derived from Johnson, [269] ff.;
• caricatures of, [277];
• character, [8], [110];
• influence on Johnson, [222-23];
• Life of Johnson, completeness of, [281];
• ——, reception of, [280];
• truthfulness of, [281];
• love of social life, [282];
• quoted, [5];
• references to bluestockings, [126];
• refuses to idealize Johnson, [279];
• Tour to the Hebrides, Johnson reads, [282];
• ——, reception of, [272] ff.;
• ——, reviewed in the Gentleman’s Magazine, [274];
• ——, selection from, [274-76];
• treatment of his contemporaries, [278].
• Boufflers, Mme. de, [53];
• relations with Gibbon, [77];
• —— with Hume, [27];
• —— with Johnson, [53], [104].
• bouts rimés, [117], [119], [120].
• breakfasts, literary, [105] ff.
• Buffon, Georges de, [52].
• Burke, Edmund, [123], [139] n.;
• indebtedness to Johnson’s conversation, [234];
• quoted, [5];
• visits Parisian salons, [66-68].
• Burney, Dr. Charles, [159], [189].
• Burney, Fanny, character, [255], [257];
• Diary, art of, [254] ff.;
• ——, dramatic quality in, [265];
• ——, selection from, [262-64];
• ——, truthfulness of, [265];
• Evelina, reception of, [257];
• friends, [258];
• love of boisterous scenes, [262];
• luck, [256];
• relations with Mrs. Ord, [159-60];
• relations with Mrs. Thrale, [163];
• self-consciousness, [267];
• sensibility, [266];
• sojourn at Court, as Dresser to the Queen, [257], [259] ff.
• Cardigan Priory, salon at, [91].
• card-playing, in salons, [106].
• Carlisle, Countess of, [88].
• Carter, Elizabeth, [172-77];
• catholicity of taste, [176-77];
• Johnson’s opinion of, [174];
• learning, [157], [173];
• Poems, [174];
• relations with Gray, [144];
• —— with Mrs. Montagu, [173];
• romanticism, [175];
• translation of Epictetus, [173-74].
• Cartwright, William, [89].
• Castiglione, Baldassare, his Cortegiano cited, [18] ff.
• Centlivre, Susannah, [100].
• Chapman, George, [85-86].
• Chapone, Mrs. Hester, [177-80];
• Essays, [138], [157];
• familiar letters, [180];
• Letters, [177] ff., [202];
• poems, [179];
• quoted, [132];
• referred to, [124], [179];
• relations with Mrs. Carter, [178];
• —— with Mrs. Montagu, [178];
• —— with Richardson, [177], [180].
• Charles II, relations of, with the Duchess of Mazarin, [97].
• Charlotte, Queen, [259], [261].
• Chesterfield, Lord, opinion of the salon, [46];
• relations with Mme. de Tencin, [45] ff.
• Cholmondeley, Mrs. Mary, [135], [153].
• Church, of England, [9];
• of Rome, hatred of, in salons, [37].
• circle, seating of guests in, [111], [126], [139], [159].
• Clarence, Duke of, [262] ff.
• Clubs, literary, [5-7].
• Colman, George, [102] n.
• conversation, chief amusement in salons, [25], [135];
• Goldsmith’s, [220], [221];
• ideal of, [7], [20], [25], [223];
• Johnson’s, [217] ff.;
• —— Boswell’s influence on, [222], [227].
• conversazione, nature and office of, [102] ff., [108] ff., [152].
• ‘Cophthi,’ Walpole’s name for bluestockings, [147].
• Cornaro, Caterina, [17].
• cosmopolitanism, of salons, [43], [144], [147] n.
• court of love, [17].
• courts, Renaissance, as predecessors of the salon, [16] ff., [84].
• Cowley, Abraham, verses to Mrs. Phillips, [92].
• Cowper, William, correspondence, charm of, [249-50];
• —— compared with Mme. de Sévigné, [239-40];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [197-99];
• translation of Homer, submitted to Mrs. Montagu, [198].
• Crewe, Lady, [131], [135].
• Daniel, Samuel, [84], [85], [86].
• Davies, Sir John, [85].
• Decameron, Boccaccio’s, [18] n.
• declamation, fashionable entertainment in salons, [106].
• Deffand, Mme. du, blindness, [61];
• career and salon, [59-64];
• described by Walpole, [59-60];
• ennui, [60], [63];
• letter to Walpole in manner of Mme. de Sévigné, [238];
• opinion of Burke, [67];
• —— of Gibbon, [77];
• —— of Hume, [51];
• —— of Walpole, [57];
• quoted, [7], [13], [62] n., [64], [75], [238];
• relations with Mlle. de Lespinasse, [61];
• —— with Montesquieu, [60] n.;
• —— with Walpole, [27], [63-65];
• type of her century, [34];
• wit, [29].
• Delany, Mrs. Mary, [160-63];
• friendship with Swift, [161];
• interest in Mrs. Yearsley, [205];
• relations with Miss Burney, [162];
• verses, Miss More’s to, [161].
• democracy, in salons, [25];
• theory of, [9].
• Denham, Sir John, [92].
• diary, as a literary type, [254] ff.
• Diderot, Denis, [52].
• Donne, John, relations with the Countess of Bedford, [86-87].
• Drayton, Michael, [85].
• Dryden, John, [92], [96].
• England, French attitude to, [11] ff.
• Englishman in Paris, Foote’s comedy, [42] n.
• epigram, Garrick’s on Goldsmith, [116];
• Johnson’s on Barnard, [116];
• popularity of, in salons, [26], [115-117], [229];
• Young’s on Chesterfield, [116].
• Este, Beatrice d’, [17].
• feminism, in seventeenth century, [98-99].
• femmes savantes, [28], [35], [78], [83], [98] n., [105].
• Ferguson, Adam, [191].
• Fielding, Sarah, [257].
• Fontenelle, Bernard de, [45].
• Foote, Samuel, quoted, [42] n.
• Frederick, Duke of Urbino, [18] ff.
• friendship, in salons, [26] ff., [210].
• Garrick, David, [123], [139] n.;
• declamation, [106];
• verses, [121].
• Gay, John, [100].
• Geoffrin, Mme., career and salon, [47-50];
• charity, [73];
• described by Walpole, [58];
• maxims, [113];
• praised by Mlle. de Lespinasse, [73] ff.;
• referred to, [25];
• relations with Marmontel, [27];
• —— with Walpole, [58] ff.;
• type of her century, [34], [36];
• wit, [29], [48] n.
• Gibbon, Edward, career in salons, [74-80], [211];
• Decline and Fall, popularity of, in salons, [76];
• influence of salon upon, [79];
• Mme. du Deffand’s opinion of, [74-75], [77];
• Mme. Necker’s opinion of, [75];
• quoted, [11];
• relations with Mme. Necker, [77-79];
• Walpole’s opinion of, [76] n.
• Goldsmith, Oliver, account of Parisian salon, [42];
• not a frequenter of the London salon, [211];
• quoted, [32], [103] n., [105], [113];
• visits Mrs. Vesey, [147] n.
• Gonzaga, Elizabeth, of Urbino, [17] ff.; [27], [84].
• gossip, [223], [245], [248-49];
• see also [scandal].
• government, theories of, [11].
• Gray, Thomas, [144];
• at Mrs. Vesey’s, [147].
• Greville, Lady, [153].
• Guibert, Comte de, [67].
• Henrietta Maria, Queen, [88].
• Herries, Lady, [153].
• Hervey, Lady, [135].
• Hesketh, Lady, [197-98].
• Hogarth, William, depiction of the levee, [103].
• Holbach, Baron d’, his salon, [70], [75].
• Holcroft, Thomas, quoted, [112], [170] n.
• Hoole, Rev. Samuel, quoted, [108] ff., [178].
• Hume, Alexander, career in Parisian salons, [50-55];
• death, [55];
• influence of the salon on, [55];
• quarrel with Rousseau, [53] ff.;
• quoted, [5].
• Huntington, Countess of, [87].
• intrigue, flourishes in salons, [89], [95].
• Isabella, of Mantua, [17].
• Italy, courts of, see [courts].
• Johnson, Samuel, conversation, [231] ff.;
• correspondence, [252];
• described by Hoole, [109-10];
• dogmatism, [230];
• levee, [104];
• manner in conversation, [224];
• quarrel with Mrs. Montagu, [199-202];
• quoted, [5], [6], [7], [9], [100], [101], [231] ff.;
• salons, visits, [210-11];
• serenity, [223];
• style in conversation and in writing compared, [229];
• versatility, [226].
• Jonson, Ben, [85].
• Kauffmann, Angelica, [134].
• Kyd, Thomas, [84].
• Lambert, Mme. de, [44].
• landscape, love of, among bluestockings, [148], [176].
• laughter, unpopular in salons, [57].
• Lely, Sir Peter, [97] n.
• Lennox, Charlotte, [257].
• Lespinasse, Julie de, career and salon, [71] ff.;
• relations with Burke, [68];
• —— with d’Alembert, [25];
• —— with Sterne, [71-72];
• Sentimental Journey, imitates, [72] ff.;
• type of romanticism, [34].
• letter-writing, [236] ff.
• levee, [102-05].
• London, a literary centre, [5], [6].
• Lorenzo the Magnificent, [18].
• Lucan, Lady, [135], [153].
• Lyttelton, Lord, Dialogues of the Dead, [167];
• Johnson’s life of, [196] ff.;
• poetry, [157];
• praises Beattie, [190];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [139-140], [157].
• Macaulay, Mrs. Catherine, [10], [135].
• Macaulay, Lord, [225], [259], [267], [268].
• Manley, Mrs. Mary, [98], [100].
• Mann, Sir Horace, Walpole’s letters to, [242] n.
• manners, literature of, [3].
• Marmontel, Jean, [52].
• Mascarille, [102].
• Mathias, T. J., [170].
• maxims, see [sentiments].
• Mazarin, Cardinal, [96].
• Mazarin, Duchess of, [96-98].
• men of letters, state of, in eighteenth century, [32].
• Miller, Lady, career and salon, [117-122];
• poems, [120].
• Molière, J. B. P., comedies referred to, [26] n., [28], [29], [102], [107].
• Monckton, Miss, [153].
• Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, [100-01], [237], [252].
• Montagu, Mrs. Elizabeth, achievements, [141];
• assemblies, [138];
• breakfasts, [105];
• conceit, [202-03];
• Dialogues of the Dead, [167-69], [200];
• Essays on Shakespeare, [169-72], [278];
• ‘female Mæcenas,’ [189];
• ‘femme savante,’ a, [140], [171-72];
• influence in literary world, [202];
• learning, [140], [198];
• loyalty, [195];
• patron of the arts, [189-208];
• quarrel with Johnson, [196], [199-202];
• ‘Queen of the Blues,’ [133];
• relations with Barry, [199];
• —— with Beattie, [189-95];
• —— with Cowper, [197-99];
• —— with Lyttelton, [167], [200];
• —— with Mme. du Deffand, [136-37];
• —— with Mrs. Yearsley, [204] ff.;
• —— with Potter, [195];
• —— with Sterne, [202];
• salon, originates in London, [124].
• More, Hannah, [180-88];
• Bas Bleu, [23], [123-25];
• Bleeding Rock, [181];
• description of an assembly, [106] n.;
• Essays, [156], [187];
• Fatal Falsehood, [185-86];
• Florio, [157], [187];
• Inflexible Captive, [181];
• influence of bluestockings on, [180], [188];
• Ode on the Marquess of Worcester, [155];
• Ode to Mrs. Boscawen, [154] ff.;
• Percy, [154], [183-85];
• piety, [186-88];
• relations with Garrick, [181];
• —— with Mrs. Boscawen, [181] ff.;
• —— with Mrs. Yearsley, [204] ff.;
• —— with Walpole, [187];
• romanticism, [182];
• Sensibility, [156];
• Sir Eldred, [181-83];
• ‘Stella,’ [206];
• Thoughts on the Manners of the Great, [188].
• Necker, Mme., career and salon, [77-80];
• quoted, [7], [14], [38], [63] n.;
• relations with Gibbon, [77] ff.;
• —— with Hume, [27];
• —— with Mrs. Montagu, [136].
• Newcastle, Duchess of, [90] n.
• Opie, John, portrait of Miss More, [157].
• Ord, Mrs. Anne, relations with Miss Burney, [159-60];
• salon, [124], [158-159].
• ‘Orinda,’ see [Phillips, Mrs. Katherine].
• Ossian, [176].
• Otway, Thomas, [96].
• Paoli, General, [147] n.
• Paris, attraction for Englishmen, [15], [36], [38].
• patronage, [30], [84], [189] ff.
• Pembroke, Countess of, [84].
• Pepys, Sir William, [123].
• Percy, Bishop, Reliques, [182].
• Phillips, Mrs. Katherine, [91-94].
• Piozzi, Mme., see [Thrale, Mrs. Hester].
• Pix, Mary, [98].
• Platonic love, [88], [91], [93].
• Polignac, Mme. de, [131].
• Portland, Duchess of, [131], [162], [205], [207].
• Potter, Robert, attacks Johnson’s Lives, [196], [270];
• meets Johnson, [196];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [195-97].
• précieuses galantes, [88].
• précieuses ridicules, [29].
• Prior, Matthew, relations with Mme. de Tencin, [44] ff.
• pseudonyms, classical, [89], [91], [95], [206].
• Pye, Henry, poem to Mrs. Boscawen, [156] n.
• Queensbury, Duchess of, [100].
• Rambouillet, Hôtel de, [22] ff.;
• Marquise de, [22] ff., [102] n.
• Raynal, Abbé, [144], [150-51].
• Restoration, influence of, on the salon, [89-90].
• Reynolds, Sir Joshua, indebtedness to Johnson’s conversation, [235].
• Richardson, Samuel, his Daughters, [100];
• fame in France, [14].
• Rousseau, J. J., [9], [40], [54], [59], [176].
• Rowe, Nicholas, relations with Mrs. Phillips, [92] n.
• ruelle, [102] n.
• Rutland, Lady, [87].
• Saint Évremond, Charles de, [96-98].
• salon, characteristics, [24] ff.;
• conservatism, [210] ff.;
• conversation in, [25], [125];
• cosmopolitanism of, [43];
• decline of, [209];
• democratic tone, [25];
• failure of, in England, [213];
• first English, [83];
• ideal of, [152];
• influence on authors, [39];
• literary academy, a, [31];
• origin of, [16] ff.;
• original works read aloud, [26], [67], [72] n.;
• patronage, [30], [84], [189] ff.;
• radicalism of, [37];
• room, [24];
• woman’s place in, [16], [33] ff.
• scandal, prevalence of, in salons, [111].
• scepticism, in salons, [10], [37], [42], [52], [150].
• Schwellenberg, Mrs., [260], [264].
• Scudéry, Mlle. de, [26], [95].
• sentiments, popular in salons, [113-15].
• Sévigné, Mme. de, influence of, in England, [237] ff.
• Seward, Anna, [121].
• Shakespeare, William, Mrs. Montagu’s Essay on, [169-72];
• salon spirit in his comedies, [22], [85].
• Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, Rivals, [115];
• School for Scandal, quoted, [103], [104], [107], [112], [115].
• Sheridan, Thomas, [106].
• Spenser, Edmund, [84].
• Sterne, Laurence, describes salons, [37];
• influence of salons upon, [74];
• relations with Mrs. Montagu, [202];
• —— with Mrs. Vesey, [148] ff.;
• Sentimental Journey, quoted, [37], [69];
• imitated by Mlle. de Lespinasse, [72] ff.
• Stillingfleet, Benjamin, [123], [128-30].
• Stuart, Lady Louisa, [126], [139].
• Suckling, Sir John, [89].
• Swift, Jonathan, [100].
• Taylor, Jeremy, relations with Mrs. Phillips, [92-94].
• Tencin, Mme. de, career and salon, [43-47], [102];
• type of her century, [34].
• Tessier, Le, [106].
• Thrale, Hester, Anecdotes of Johnson, [164];
• ——, reception of, [276];
• character, [165];
• not properly a bluestocking, [124];
• relations with Johnson, [163-64];
• —— with Miss Burney, [163-64].
• Tighe, Edward, [106].
• Trotter, Catherine, [98].
• Twickenham Park, salon at, [85].
• Vaughan, Henry, [94].
• Vesey, Agmondesham, [115], [203].
• Vesey, Mrs. Elizabeth, agnosticism, [150];
• bluestocking, use of the word, [130];
• entertains the Literary Club, [33] n., [147];
• relations with Sterne, [148] ff.;
• romanticism, [147], [151];
• salon, [141-52];
• ——, one of the originators, in London, [124].
• Vivonne, Cathérine de, see [Rambouillet, Marquise de].
• Voiture, Vincent, [25].
• Voltaire, François, denounced by bluestockings, [109], [151];
• opinion of, in salons, [37];
• opinion, his, of the English, [12].
• Walpole, Horace, correspondence, art of, [236] ff.;
• gossip, love of, [249-50];
• influence of salons on, [39], [65-66];
• interest in Mrs. Yearsley, [206];
• letter to Rousseau, [54], [59];
• opinion of Gibbon, [76] n.;
• —— of Hume, [51];
• —— of the salon, [56] ff.;
• popularity in Paris, [59];
• quoted, [10], [36], [39], [42], [44] n., [52], [58], [62] n., [66] n., [68], [76] n., [132], [236] ff.;
• relations with Mme. du Deffand, [63-65];
• —— with Mme. Geoffrin, [57];
• salons, career in, [56-66];
• uses the word bluestocking, [132].
• Walsingham, Mrs., [124], [153], [157].
• Woodhouse, the poetical shoemaker, [205].
• Wroth, Lady, [87].
• Yearsley, Mrs. Ann, the poetical milk-woman, career and poems, [204-08].
• Young, Edward, [100], [156] n., [157].