SOME USEFUL FIGURES.

1 inch	= ·0254 metres	1 metre	= 39·370 inches[11]
1 foot	= ·3048 metres	″	= 3·280 feet
1 yard	= ·9144 metres	″	= 1·0933 yards
1000 metres	= 3280 feet	1 kilometre	= 1093·3 yards
1000 feet	= 304·8 metres	8 kilometres	= 4·969 miles
		″	= 5 miles, less 50 yards

£4	= 100 francs	100 francs	= 80 /-
4-	= 5 francs	5 francs	= 4/-
1/-	= 1·25 francs	1 franc	= -/9½ about

£1

= 18·2 kroner

1 krone

= 1/1¼ about

£1

= 20·4 marks

1 mark

= -/11¾ about

Austria, &c.
£1=	{ 24 kronen	1 krone	= -/10
£1=	{ 10·2 florins or gulden	1 florin or gulden	= 1/11½

1 kilogramme = 2·2046 pounds avoirdupois.
In trade 1 kilogramme is reckoned 10 per cent. more than 2lb.
11lb. = 5 kilogrammes.

Temperature falls about
1° Fahrenheit for every 300ft. rise
or, say,
1° Cent. for every 200 metres.

THERMOMETER.

Comparison between Scales of Fahrenheit, Réaumur, and the Centigrade.

Cent.	Fah’t.	Rmr.
°	°	°
100B.	212B.	80B.
99	210·2	79·2
98	208·4	78·4
97	206·6	77·6
96	204·8	76·8

95	203	76
94	201·2	75·2
93	199·4	74·4
92	197·6	73·6
91	195·8	72·8

90	194	72
89	192·2	71·2
88	190·4	70·4
87	188·6	69·6
86	186·8	68·8

85	185	68
84	183·2	67·2
83	181·4	66·4
82	179·6	65·6
81	177·8	64·8

80	176	64
79	174·2	63·2
78	172·4	62·4
77	170·6	61·6
76	168·8	60·8

75	167	60
74	165·2	59·2
73	163·4	58·4
72	161·6	57·6
71	159·8	56·8

70	158	56
69	156·2	55·2
68	154·4	54·4
67	152·6	53·6
66	150·8	52·8

65	149	52
64	147·2	51·2
63	145·4	50·4
62	143·6	49·6
61	141·8	48·8

60	140	48
59	138·2	47·2
58	136·4	46·4
57	134·6	45·6
56	132·8	44·8

55	131	44
54	129·2	43·2
53	127·4	42·4
52	125·6	41·6
51	123·8	40·8

50	122	40
49	120·2	39·2
48	118·4	38·4
47	116·8	37·6
46	114·8	36·8

45	113	36
44	111·2	35·2
43	109·4	34·4
42	107·6	33·6
41	105·8	32·8

40	104	32
39	102·2	31·2
38	100·4	30·4
37	98·6	29·6
36	96·8	28·8

35	95	28
34	93·2	27·2
33	91·4	26·4
32	89·6	25·6
31	87·8	24·8

30	86	24
29	84·2	23·2
28	82·4	22·4
27	80·6	21·6
26	78·8	20·8

25	77	20·0
24	75·2	19·2
23	73·4	18·4
22	71·6	17·6
21	69·8	16·8

20	68	16
19	66·2	15·2
18	64·4	14·4
17	62·6	13·6
16	60·8	12·8

15	59	12
14	57·2	11·2
13	55·4	10·4
12	53·6	9·6
11	51·8	8·8

10	50	8
9	48·2	7·2
8	46·4	6·4
7	44·6	5·6
6	42·8	4·8

5	41	4
4	39·2	3·2
3	37·4	2·4
2	35·6	1·6
1	33·8	0·8

Zero	32	Zero
1	30·2	0·8
2	28·4	1·6
3	26·6	2·4
4	24·8	3·2

5	23	4
6	21·2	4·8
7	19·4	5·6
8	17·6	6·4
9	15·8	7·2

10	14	8
11	12·2	8·8
12	10·4	9·6
13	8·6	10·4
14	6·8	11·2

15	5	12
16	3·2	12·8
17	1·4	13·6
18	—	14·4
19	2·2	15·2

20	4	16
21	5·8	16·8
22	7·6	17·6
23	9·4	18·4
24	11·2	19·2

25	13	20
26	14·8	20·8
27	16·6	21·6
28	18·4	22·4
29	20·2	23·2

30	22	24
31	23·8	24·8
32	25·6	25·6
33	27·4	26·4
34	29·2	27·2

35	31	28
36	32·8	28·8
37	24·6	29·6
38	36·4	29·6
39	38·2	31·2

40	40	32
41	41·8	32·8
42	43·6	33·6
43	45·4	34·4
44	47·2	35·2

45	49	36
46	50·8	36·8
47	52·6	37·6
48	54·4	38·4
49	56·2	39·2

Outfit

FOR EVERY
SPORT.

SKI from all the best makers in Norway, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

FASTENINGS of every description, including the “Alpine” and the “Ellefsen.”

CLOTHING of the best quality and design, ready made or to order.

BERCOLIN (in tubes), the best ski-wax, and other lubricants.

EVERYTHING required by ski-runners, mountaineers, tobogganers, skaters, and tourists.

E. DETHLEFFSEN & CO.,	BERNE,	Christoffelgasse 7.
BERR & CO.,	VIENNA,	Mariahilfer Str. 1c.
H. SGHWAIGER,	MUNICH,	Wein Str.(Rathaus).

Three Names.

Three Countries.

One Quality.

J. Dege & Sons,
Established 1865,
Military and Sporting Tailors and Breeches Makers.

LEATHERS AND ALL HUNTING SPECIALITIES.

Messrs. J. Dege & Sons beg to announce to the readers of this Manual that they have, after the most careful inquiry as to the requirements of that most attractive and exciting sport Ski-Running, perfected an Outfit best suited for the purpose.

It consists of a Snowproof Suit suitable for the Sport, which at the same time is porous; and our Special Ski Cap of the same material.

Telegraphic Address:	Telephone:
HARK FORWARD, LONDON.	6440 GERRARD.

13, CONDUIT STREET.

DOWIE & MARSHALL
MAKE
“LAUPAR SKO”
MOUNTAINEERING
AND ALL KINDS OF
PRACTICAL AND
COMFORTABLE BOOTS.
Special lasts are made and reserved exclusively for each customer.

New customers who cannot favour D. & M. with a personal interview should send outlines of their feet taken standing, or a pair of old boots, as a guide for fitting.

Illustrated Catalogue Gratis.

DOWIE & MARSHALL,
455, WEST STRAND, LONDON.
ESTABLISHED 1824.

Sportsmen visiting Norway may procure all
Sporting Requisites
OF
Ludv. TORGERSEN & CO. Ltd.,
STORTHINGSGADEN 4, CHRISTIANIA.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Ice Axes (Norwegian Pattern), Ski and Accessories,
Ski Staffs, Socks, Laupar (Ski) Boots, Mitts,
Lanterns, Coasters, Steering Poles,
Haversacks.
SELECTED STOCK OF BREECHLOADERS AND RIFLES.
ELEY’S AMMUNITION.
Cartridges loaded to order with English Gunpowders and
Newcastle Chilled Shot.
Large Assortment of FISHING TACKLE suitable for Fishing in Norway.

CARL JOHANS GADE 5, CHRISTIANIA.
Larsens Vaabenforretning.

MANUFACTURERS OF
SKI,
SKATES,
AND
COASTERS
(TOBOGGANS),
With their accessories of
best quality. (The above
always kept in stock.) ENGLISH GUNS.
FISHING RODS and
TACKLE. Eley’s and Kynoch’s Ammunition.

Snow Shoes & ‘Ski’

Trade-Mark
REINDEER HEAD.

Made out of the
toughest German Ash,
in accordance with the
best designs and with
various bindings (only
first-class material
used). Direct from the Factory.

Schutz-Marke.

JOSEPH FISCHER,
Freiburg i. B.
The “Davos” Model
High Form,
Pattern “E,” Mounting “L,”
Length 90 c.m.

SNOW-SHOE
AND

The “Davos” Model,
Low Form,
Pattern “PP,” Mounting “M,”
Length 90 c.m.

TOBOGGAN FACTORY.

Wood bent by Steam on the Premises—A speciality for the last 15 years.

RETAILERS RECEIVE A SUITABLE DISCOUNT.

Goods supplied to the German South-pole Expedition, to Home and
Continental Military Authorities, and to Post and Forest Officials.

MY GOODS BEAR, WITHOUT EXCEPTION, THE ABOVE TRADE-MARK
(REINDEER HEAD).

L. H. HAGEN & CO.,

KIRKEGADEN 19,
CHRISTIANIA, NORWAY.

Largest Assortment of Firearms
and Sporting Requisites in
Scandinavia.
SKI, of various patterns, have all been
awarded Gold Medals.
FASTENINGS, which have obtained
the highest possible awards.
SKI OUTFITS, and all requisites
connected with Ski-ing, supplied.

SKATES, of Hagen’s celebrated and universally known pattern.
COASTERS, TOBOGGANS, SLEDS.

Awarded Eleven Gold Medals. Two Grand Prix.

L. H. HAGEN & Co.

TH. HANSEN,
. SKI MANUFACTURER. . HAMMERSTADG, 5. Telephone, 8589 CHRISTIANIA.

Ski of his own pattern: Awarded 1st prize. Exporter of Ash and Hickory Ski (varnished or coloured). Ski of best quality always in stock. Maker of the well-known, highly recommended Wax “Record,” to preserve the ski and prevent balling.

ASCHEHOUGS BOGHANDEL,
. BOOKSELLER. . English and Foreign Books, Magazines,
Periodicals, and Journals.

43, CARL JOHANS GADE, CHRISTIANIA.

THE SWISS SKI.
Made by
RICHARD STAUB,
ZURICH.
TRADE
MARK.

MARKE
Tödi
MARQUE DÉPOSÉE TRADE
MARK. THE SKI are light and elastic, and are made from the celebrated Swiss mountain ash.
THE SKI are fitted with either “Ellefsen’s,” or “Huitfeidt’s.” or the “Model C driving belt” bindings.

Maker of the original Davos Toboggan, Bandy (ice-hockey) Clubs, &c.

LONDON DEPOT: With Messrs. A. W. GAMAGE,
HOLBORN.

W. C. MÖLLER,
DRAMMEN, NORWAY,
FURRIER and MANUFACTURER of REINDEER HAIR LIFEBUOYS for YACHTS.

CONTRACTOR TO POLAR EXPEDITIONS.

EQUIPPED
The National Antarctic Expedition.
Duke of Abruzzi’s, The, Arctic Expedition.
Ziegler’s Arctic Expedition.
Baron Toll’s Arctic Expedition.
Drygalski’s Antarctic Expedition.
Argentine Government’s Antarctic Expedition.
&c., &c.
SUPPLIES
Ski-Boots, Socks, Finn Mocassins, Fur Gloves,
Leather Jackets, Sleeping Bags, and every kind
of Fur Clothing and Requisite for Winter wear,
or travelling in cold climates.