A Primer of Mayan Hieroglyphics

by Daniel G. Brinton

I. INDEX-VOCABULARY OF MAYA WORDS.

(T. signifies the Tzental dialect.)

• ac, a tortoise, or turtle, [35], [74]
• acan, mead, [42]
• ac ek, a constellation, [35]
• aghan, T., young ear of maize, [62]
• ahau, ruler, lord, [41]; a day name, [115]
• ahau can, rattlesnake, [68], [75]
• ahau can mai, chief priest, [68]
• ahau katun, [22]
• ahau tzab can, the rattlesnake, [75]
• ah-caluac, the staff bearer, the mayordomo, [52]
• ah-ch’om, a vulture, [73]
• ah-chun can, high priest, [68]
• ah-coy-can, v. p. 110, note
• ah-cunal than, word-conjurer, [68]
• ah-kin, priest, [68]
• ah-kin-mai, chief priest, [68]
• ah koh-keuel, a masked priest, [69]
• ahlo, the macaw, [73]
• ah-mac ik, wind conjurer, [68]
• ah-poou, the milky way, [35]
• ah-pul, a conjurer, [68]
• ah-uai-chac, rain conjurer, [68]
• ah-uai xibalba, conjurer of departed souls, [68]
• ah-zahcab, Venus, [34]
• akbal, night, darkness, [56]; a day name, [116]
• alau (64,000,000), [19]
• anhel, to stand erect, [46]
• bacab, [40]
• bac-baquetic, a numeral, [19]
• balam, the jaguar, [72]
• bak, four hundred, [19]
• bat, an axe; hail, [104]
• batab, a chief, [104]
• batul, to fight, [104]
• be, footprints, [88]
• be che, a bridge, [113]
• ben, or been, a day name, [91], [113]
• ben-ik, a graphic sign, [90], [123]
• bolon, nine, [25]
• bolon paxche, a large drum, [92]
• budz ek, a comet, [35]
• bul, a bean; all, the whole, [89]
• bulcabal, a destruction, [46]
• caan, the sky, [52]
• cab, down, downward, etc., [60], [99], [114]
• caban, a day name, [114]
• cac, to pull out, [86]
• calab (160,000), [19]
• calacal, perforated, [52]
• caluac, the “staff of office,” 52, [128], [130]
• camach, a jaw bone, [85]
• canan, a sentinel, guardian, [34]
• canan chulchan, Venus, [34]
• canzicnal, serpent being, [41]
• cauac, a day name, [115]
• cayob, T., a drum, [93]
• ceh, a deer; a month name, [119]
• chaam, the (molar) teeth, [43]
• chac, red, strong; water, etc., [34], [40], [109]
• chac ek, Venus, [34]
• chacal ik, strong wind, [40]
• cham, a jaw bone, [85]
• chamal dzutan, shooting stars, [35]
• che, tree, wood, [45]
• chebel, to paint; a paint brush, [42]
• chel, the rainbow, [40]
• ch’en, a month name; a well, [118]
• chi, to bite, [89]; a mouth, [112]
• chibil kin, a solar eclipse, [36]
• chibil u, a lunar eclipse, [36]
• chicchan, a day name, [111]
• chich, strong, powerful, swift, hard, [96]
• chich kuch, to twist thread, [96]
• chimal, shield, [34]
• chimal ek, the north star, [34]
• chimal ik, the north wind, [34]
• chimil, a medicine bag, [128]
• chinax, T., a knife, [89]
• chu, a calabash, [112]
• chuen, a day name, [23], [112]
• chulchan, the sky or heavens, [34]
• chun, the first, the beginning, [23], [113]
• ci, to trickle, [114]
• cib, a day name, [114]
• cicil, a knife, [84]
• cimi, a day name, [111]
• coz, an owl, [73]
• cuceb, a squirrel, [109]
• cucul, covered; revolving, [56], [109]
• culinte, T., a drum of wood, [93]
• cum, a vase, [41], [48]
• cum ku, a month name, [121]
• cun, to conjure, [44]
• cuzaan, or cuzam, a swallow, [42]
• dzacab, a generation, [25]
• dzacah, to heal by magic rites, [93]
• dzacatan, a medicine drum, [93]
• dzicnial, [39]
• dzip, to skin animals, [42]
• dziz, coolness, cold, [42]
• eb, a day name, [113]
• eb-che, a ladder, [77]
• ebtun, a stone stairway, [113]
• ebzah, to sharpen, [113]
• ek, star; black, [34]; dyewood, fat, [109]
• ek chuh, scorpion, [67]
• ezanab, a day name, [114]
• ghan, T., maize, [62]
• haycabal, a destruction, [46]
• hobnil, hollow; the belly, [40]
• hozan, disembowelled, [41]
• hub, a snail, [75]
• hun, one, [25]
• hunab, only, sole, [37]
• hunbalan u, the moon in conjunction, [36]
• ibach, an armadillo, [72]
• ical, or ic, T., black, [67]
• ich, an eye; a face; twins, [84]
• ik, wind, breath, life, soul, etc., [50], [115]
• ik, a day name, [91], [115]
• ikomne, a comet, [35]
• imix, a day name, [115]
• itz, fluid, [52]
• ix, feminine prefix, [40]
• ix-bouat, a prophetess, [68]
• ix chel, the rainbow, [40]
• ix-cunal than, a conjuress, [68]
• ix kan leom, a spider-web, [40]
• ix kin, priestess, [68]
• ix nuc, old woman, [43]
• kaax, a knot; a harvest-field, [41]
• kab, a hand, arm, finger, juice, sap, tears, [83]
• kaba, a name, [83]
• kabil, his hand, [38]
• kak, fire, [42], [120]
• kak mo, a bird, [39]
• kal, twenty, [19]
• kan, money, food, etc., [109]
• kan kin, a month name, [120]
• katun, [11], [22], [28]
• kax or kaax, a knot, [91]
• kax pol, the tress of the hair, [91]
• kaxala, to rain; the rain, [91]
• kayab, a month name, [120]
• kin katun, [28]
• kin, }
• kinal, } see p. 87
• kinam, }
• kinchil (3,200,000), [19]
• kin ich (deriv.), [39]
• koh, a mask, [69]
• ku, a god; divine, [37]
• kuch, a vulture, [46], [73]
• kul, divine, [95]
• kukum, a feather, [95]
• kup, to sacrifice, to cut, [69]
• lakin chan (deriv.), [38]
• lamat, a day name, [111]
• licil dzicil, a knife, [89]
• lilābal, a sprinkler, [104]
• lom, a lance, [43]
• lum, the earth, [48]
• maax, a monkey, [72]
• mac, to extinguish; a cover; a turtle; a month name, [119]
• mach, to grasp, [83]
• mai or maay, dust, smoke, fume, [25], [68]
• mam, a numeral, [19]; grandfather, [128]
• manik, a day name, [39], [111]
• matzab, antennæ, rays, [98]
• mechun, a numeral, [19]
• mehen ek, a constellation, [35]
• men, a day name, [114]
• miatz, a scholar, [25]
• moan, see muan
• mol, a month name, [118]
• molay ik, a hurricane, [112]
• moo, the macaw, [73]
• moxic, T., a day name, [39]
• muan, a falcon, cloudy, [74]; also, a month name, [120]
• muc, to cover, to bury, [61]
• much, a frog, [75]
• mucul canan, Venus, [34]
• mucul mam, a numeral, [19]
• mucul u, the waning moon, [61]
• muluc, a day name, [111]
• muyal, clouds, [48], [52], [74]
• muyan, see muan
• nak caan, the sky, [99]
• na, a house, [37]
• nen, a mirror, [105]
• noh, great, strong; right hand, [34]
• noh ek, great star, [34]
• nohnial, [39]
• nuc, old, [43]
• nech, provisions, [42]
• oc, to enter; a day name, [112]
• ol, the soul or spirit, [48]
• oxlahun, thirteen, [25]
• paakal, to frighten, [44]
• pacat, face, [44]
• pax, a musical instrument, [92]; a month name, [120]
• paxan, completed, finished, [92], [125], [129]
• pax che, a wooden drum, [92]
• pec, to rattle, to thunder, [63], [71]
• pec chac, thunder, [63]
• pechhec hol, flat-headed, [62]
• pek, a dog, [71]
• pic, eight thousand, [19]
• picit, a fan, [105]
• pixan, the soul, [25]
• pocam, a cleansing, [55]
• pop, a mat; a month name, [116]
• ppeta, to perform religious rites; to cry with pain, [69]
• ppua, dew, [42]
• pputum, small, [43]
• ppuz, bent over, [43]
• puch, to spoil, to undo, to destroy, [44]
• puhaa, to blow forth water from the mouth, [98]
• puy, a shell, [19]
• ta, a knife; excrement, [89]
• tah, a dramatic representation, [89]
• tab, cord, twenty 19, [42]
• tamacaz, the milky way, [35]
• tan kukul, before the gods, [44]
• tankul, a drum, [93]
• tem, an altar of stone, [48]
• tixl (Cak.), the tapir, [55]
• tub, to spit, [42]
• tun, a stone, a jewel, [42]
• tunkul, see tankul
• tup, to stop up, to extinguish; also, ear-rings, [85], [120]
• tupul u uich kin, a solar eclipse, [36]
• tzab, rattles of the rattlesnake; the Pleiades, [35], [63]
• tza ec, a comet, [35]
• tzapa, short, [43]
• tzec, a scorpion; a month name, [117]
• tzekel, a death’s head, [117]
• tzimin, the tapir, [55]
• tzotzceh (3,200,000), [19]
• tzuc, a five-day period, [28]
• U, the moon.; a necklace; his; 36, [86], [87]
• ua or ual, a dot, [97]; a fan, [105]
• uac, six, [43]
• ual, month, [118]
• u nupptanba, the moon in opposition, [36]
• uil, food; advantageous, [86]
• uinal, month; twenty, [87]
• uinic, a man, [43], [87]
• uo, a frog, [75]; a month name, [116]
• uooh, a book; a letter, [116]
• ut, a snail, [75]
• xamach, a platter, [58]
• xaman, north, [34]
• xaman ek, the north star, [34]
• xanab xux, a bee, [60]
• xel, a comb, etc., [86]
• xicin, an ear; a shell, [85]
• xik, wing of a bird, [84]
• xikal, a queen, [84]
• xiix, bran, husks of grain, [97]
• xoc, to sing, to chant, [42]
• xoc, the breech clout, [91]
• xul, a planting stick, [105]; to end; a month name, [117]
• xulab, an ant, [36]
• xulub, horns, [118]
• xux, a wasp, [60]
• xux ek, Venus, [60]
• yax, green; blue; fresh; strong; virile; early, [95]; a month name, [119]
• yax che, green tree, [45], [48]
• yax kin, a month name, [118], [129]
• yax kukul, a feather ornament, [95]
• yé, to appear, to show oneself, [43]
• yetal, and, [100]
• yum, father, ruler, [41]
• zac, white, east, v. pp. 109, [110]; a month name, [119]
• zacal, to weave, [109]
• zacan, bread, [109]
• zac ik, east wind, [41]
• zac nohol ik, southeast wind, [41]
• zac xaman ik, northeast wind, [41]
• zac zini, white being, [41]
• zaztal ek, Venus, [34]
• zec, a month name, [117]
• zin, to stretch out, [75]
• zinaan, a scorpion, [75]
• zinaan ek, a constellation, [75]
• zinil, the earth, [75]
• zip, a month name, [117]
• zipik kin, the sunset, [117]
• zodz, a bat; a month name, [117]
• zuhuy, a virgin, [42]