Our Debt to Greece and Rome
EDITORS
George Depue Hadzsits, Ph.D.
University of Pennsylvania
David Moore Robinson, Ph.D., LL.D.
The Johns Hopkins University
CONTRIBUTORS TO THE “OUR DEBT TO GREECE AND ROME FUND,” WHOSE GENEROSITY HAS MADE POSSIBLE THE LIBRARY
Our Debt to Greece and Rome
Philadelphia
- Dr. Astley P. C. Ashhurst
- John C. Bell
- Henry H. Bonnell
- Jasper Yeates Brinton
- George Burnham, Jr.
- John Cadwalader
- Miss Clara Comegys
- Miss Mary E. Converse
- Arthur G. Dickson
- William M. Elkins
- H. H. Furness, Jr.
- William P. Gest
- John Gribbel
- Samuel F. Houston
- Charles Edward Ingersoll
- John Story Jenks
- Alba B. Johnson
- Miss Nina Lea
- George McFadden
- Mrs. John Markoe
- Jules E. Mastbaum
- J. Vaughan Merrick
- Effingham B. Morris
- William R. Murphy
- John S. Newbold
- S. Davis Page (memorial)
- Owen J. Roberts
- Joseph G. Rosengarten
- William C. Sproul
- John B. Stetson, Jr.
- Dr. J. William White (memorial)
- George D. Widener
- Mrs. James D. Winsor
- Owen Wister
- The Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Liberal Studies.
Boston
- Oric Bates (memorial)
- Frederick P. Fish
- William Amory Gardner
- Joseph Clark Hoppin
Chicago
- Herbert W. Wolff
Cincinnati
- Charles Phelps Taft
Cleveland
- Samuel Mather
Detroit
- John W. Anderson
- Dexter M. Ferry, Jr.
Doylestown, Pennsylvania
- “A Lover of Greece and Rome”
New York
- John Jay Chapman
- Willard V. King
- Thomas W. Lamont
- Dwight W. Morrow
- Mrs. D. W. Morrow
- Elihu Root
- Mortimer L. Schiff
- William Sloane
- George W. Wickersham
- And one contributor, who has asked to have his name withheld:
Maecenas atavis edite regibus,
O et praesidium et dulce decus meum.
Washington
- The Greek Embassy at Washington, for the Greek Government.
The following lovers of Greek literature, and of Sappho in particular, have kindly consented to act as patrons and have made possible, by generous contributions, the larger size of this volume in the Series “Our Debt to Greece and Rome”:
- Mr. Charles H. Carey
- Mr. James Carey
- Miss Lillie Detrick
- Professor Joseph Clark Hoppin
- Mrs. Harry C. Jones
- Mrs. Gardiner M. Lane
- Miss Emma Marburg
- Dr. John Rathbone Oliver
- Miss Julia R. Rogers
- Professor Herbert Weir Smyth
- Dr. Hugh H. Young
Plate 1. ALMA TADEMA’S SAPPHO
In the Walters’ Art Gallery, Baltimore
SAPPHO
AND HER INFLUENCE
BY
DAVID M. ROBINSON, Ph.D., LL.D.
W. H. Collins Vickers Professor of Archaeology and
Epigraphy and Lecturer on Greek Literature
The Johns Hopkins University
MARSHALL JONES COMPANY
BOSTON · MASSACHUSETTS
COPYRIGHT · 1924 · BY MARSHALL JONES COMPANY
All rights reserved
Printed December, 1924
THE PLIMPTON PRESS · NORWOOD · MASSACHUSETTS
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
To
THE MEMORY OF
BASIL LANNEAU GILDERSLEEVE
MASTER, COLLEAGUE, AND FRIEND
AND TO MY FORMER TEACHERS
EDWARD CAPPS
PAUL SHOREY
ULRICH von WILAMOWITZ-MOELLENDORFF
δῶρον ’αντὶ μαγάλου σμικρόν
A trifling gift in return for much.
Ἑτερος ἐξ ἑτέρου σοφὸς τό τε πάλαι τό τε νῦν. οὐδὲ γὰρ ῥᾶστον ἀρρήτων ἐπέων πύλας ἐξευρεῖν.
Poet is heir to poet, now as of yore; for in sooth ’tis no light task to find the gates of virgin song.
Jebb, Bacchylides, p. 413, frag. 4
Immortal Sappho, maid divine,
Thou sharest with the heavenly nine
All honor. Shout through all the town
That on her head we place a crown.
Hasten with the chaplet green,
Greet her one and all as queen;
The Lesbian, a tenth muse we name,
And prophesy that her bright fame
Shall spread o’er all the world.
This title till the stars do fall,
Nations yet unborn shall call
And glorify her name.
(LUCY MILBURN)
CONTENTS
| CHAPTER | PAGE | |
| Contributors to the Fund | [ii] | |
| I. | Some Appreciations, Ancient and Modern | [3] |
| II. | Sappho’s Life, Lesbus, Her Love-Affairs, Her Personality and Pupils | [14] |
| III. | The Legendary Fringe | [34] |
| Sappho’s Physical Appearance, The Phaon Story, The Vice Idea | ||
| IV. | The Writings of Sappho | [46] |
| V. | Sappho in Art | [101] |
| VI. | Sappho’s Influence on Greek and Roman Literature | [119] |
| VII. | Sappho in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance | [134] |
| VIII. | Sappho in Italy in the 18th and 19th Centuries | [139] |
| IX. | Sappho in Latin Translations, in Spanish, and in German | [148] |
| X. | Sappho in French Literature | [160] |
| XI. | Sappho in English and American Literature | [188] |
| An Addendum on Sappho in Russian | [233] | |
| XII. | Sappho’s Influence on Music | [234] |
| XIII. | Epilogue and Conclusion | [237] |
| Notes | [251] | |
| Bibliography | [268] |
ILLUSTRATIONS
| PLATE | ||
| 1. | Alma Tadema’s Sappho | [Frontispiece] |
| ([At end of Volume]) | ||
| 2. | Bust of Pittacus | |
| 3. | Mytilene | |
| 4. | The Story of Phaon on a Vase in Florence | |
| 5. | Phaon on a Greek Vase in Palermo | |
| 6. | The Leucadian Promontory | |
| 7. | Roman Fresco in an Underground Building | |
| 8. | A Papyrus of the Third Century A.D. | |
| 9. | A Cylix by Sotades | |
| 10. | Greek Coin from Mytilene | |
| 11. | Imperial Coins | |
| 12. | A Greek Vase in Munich | |
| 13. | Sappho on a Vase in Cracow | |
| 14. | Sappho Seated before a Winged Eros | |
| 15. | Greek Aryballus at Ruvo | |
| 16. | A Greek Hydria in Athens | |
| 17. | Phaon in His Boat | |
| 18. | A Pompeian Fresco | |
| 19. | A Bust of Sappho in the Villa Albani | |
| 20. | The Oxford Bust | |
| 21. | A Bust in the Borghese Palace | |
| 22. | Statue of Sappho by Magni | |
| 23. | Statue of Sappho by Pradier | |
| 24. | Raphael’s Parnassus | |