INDEX
Adam, Chinese, [275].
Ages, Archæological, in China (see [Neolithic Age]);
in Japan, [325];
Mythical, Chinese, [274];
first Age perfect as in India, [276];
in Taoism, [316];
see also [World’s Ages].
Agriculture, origin of, [6], [201].
Ainu, the, [326];
as potters, [21];
myths of, [328];
deities of sun, moon, and fire, [331];
deities of, made drunk, [330];
dragon mother of, [333];
Aniconic pillar and mother goddess, [333];
the Paradise of, [381], [382].
“All-heal” plants, [158].
All Souls, feast of, [133].
Ama-terâsu, Japanese sun goddess, [339];
creates children from jewels, [366], [367];
necklace of, [362];
sun goddess (cave and mirror myth), [368].
Amber, Buddhist belief in, [126].
America, ancient mariners in, [45];
gem symbolism in, [336];
whale worshipped in, [49].
Amoy, religious significance of situation of, [236].
Amrita, [145], [146] (see [Soma]).
Amulets, mortuary, in Egypt and China, [222].
Ancestor worship, Chinese, [242];
Egyptian Pharaoh worship, [242].
Aniconic Pillar, in Shinto myth, [350];
— Pillars, the Far Eastern, [333].
Animism, origin of, [256];
its connection with mummification, [256].
Antelope, Ea-dragon and, [51];
Horus and, [53];
Hindu wind god and, [53].
Aphrodite, Hathor and, [313];
Kwan-yin as Chinese, [272].
Apollo, as dragon on Island of Delos, [122];
as son of Hephaistos, [122];
the Mouse-, [185].
Apple, fruit of Aphrodite, [139].
Apple Tree, as Tree of Life, [124];
mandrake and, [168].
Arrow, the sounding, [375] and also note [1].
Artemis, Ainu and, [330];
Chinese Ho Sien Ku and Japanese Kasenko as, [171], [172];
goat and, [173], [174];
in Taoism, [312], [313];
mugwort of, [170];
Japanese symbolic gateway of, [339].
Arthur’s sword Excalibur, [101].
Astronomy, see [Great Bear], [Polar Star], [Stars], &c.
Axe and hammer gods, [262].
Babylonia, Ainu deities made drunk as in, [330];
as cradle of Bronze industry, [196];
Chinese hill goddess and Ishtar, [269];
Chinese Ishtar in Deluge legend, [151];
Chinese world-giant myth and Tiamat myth, [264];
colonists from, as Kurgan builders, [200];
copper used at early period in, [194];
search for copper, &c., [194];
religious use of copper in, [195];
culture of in Eastern Asia, [202];
jade from Chinese Turkestan in, [202];
Date Tree of Life, [179];
dragon of, and Polynesian dragon, [78];
dragons of, [74];
Ea and Chinese Fu Hi, [275];
Ea and Japanese Hiruko, [351];
eagle god of, and Garuda, [70];
Gilgamesh and Sargon and Chinese Wu, [288];
ideas of, regarding souls, in China, [[390]][240];
Indian makara and “goat fish”, [215];
Ishtar and Chinese goddess, [267];
Island of Blest in, [109];
Japanese Deluge myth and Tiamat myth, [345];
Japanese links with, [333] and also note [2];
Japanese Yomi and Otherworld of, [340];
food of the dead, [341];
Nig-gil-ma of, [245];
Plant of Birth, [335];
Plant of Life, legend of, [99];
Pole Star as god in, [232];
Chinese astronomy from, [232];
precious stones from Chinese Turkestan, [202];
evidences of ancient trade of, [203];
religious use of reeds in, [85] and also note [3];
sea-god of (see [Sumeria]), [30];
Siberia and, [204];
source of Siberian and Chinese mythological monsters, [203];
Tammuz of, and Chinese, [138];
Tammuz story and Japanese, [155];
the Japanese Gilgamesh and, [379];
Tiamat dragon of, [52];
Ea-dragon, [51];
Water of Life in Adapa myth, [132];
ghosts search for food and water, [132];
wide areas influenced by culture of, [387].
Bamboo, moon and, [150];
dragon and, [150].
Barge of Death, [240].
Beads, as Kami in Japan, [343];
children created from, [366];
in Japanese religion (see [Tama]), [337];
sun goddess, [362].
Bear, Ainu and, [355] (see [Great Bear]).
Bird and serpent myths, [66];
in Diamond Valley legend, [128].
Birds, as carriers of souls, [128];
in Diamond Valley legend, [128];
the Thunder-, [162].
Bird souls in China, [150].
Blood-bag myth, [286].
Blood from trees, [143].
Blood of Life, [159].
Blood, River of, Japanese, Asiatic, and Egyptian, [346].
Blue Dragon, [57].
Boar stone, in Japanese myth, [373].
Boat, Japanese god in, [351].
Boat of Death, Chinese, [240];
Egyptian, [240].
Bride, Serpent of the Celtic goddess, [57].
British “foreign devils”, [31].
Bronze, first manufactured in Babylonia, [196];
industry, and European and Chinese links, [205];
jade and, in ancient Europe, [201].
Buddha, blue eyes of, [127];
Chinese deities and, [273];
of Western Paradise, [210];
Nagas as worshippers of, [70].
Buddhism, Chinese Taoism and, [297];
culture mixing in, [243];
Dew of life in, [140];
Japanese, [20];
religious merit in jewels, gems, &c., [126];
Shinto and, [347].
Burma, Chinese influence in, [21];
junks of, [32].
Butterfly, as Chinese longevity symbol, [225];
as soul in Mexico, [225];
as Scandinavian goddess, [225];
as soul in Italy and Greece, [225];
Psyche a, [225];
cicada and, [225];
as soul in Indonesia, [241];
soul form in China, [225];
and in Scotland, [240].
Calendar, ancient Egyptian, [11].
California, whale’s vertebra in grave in, [49].
Calisthenics, in Taoism, [320].
Camphor Tree of Life, [166].
Cardinal Points, Chinese gods of, [230];
Chinese colours of, [230];
Chinese connection of, with seasons, elements, plants, and internal organs, [230];
colours of, in Scotland and India, [229];
in Japan, [343];
jades of, [234];
pillars of, [227], [268].
Cassia Tree of Life, [141] (see [Tree of Life]).
Caves, wells and dragons of, [55].
Charm, Scottish and Chinese similar, [65].
Chin Dynasty, [291].
China, as culture centre in Far East, [21];
potter’s wheel in (see [Potter’s wheel]);
Babylonian links with, [203];
British “foreign devils” in, [31];
civilization of, began in Shensi province, [209];
Egyptian, Babylonian, and Indian influence in, [209];
civilization of, not of local origin, [388];
connection of, with Khotan, [202];
dragon lore of, [38], [46];
early culture of, similar to European, [205];
early trade of, [293];
[[391]]
Empire of, how formed, [295];
Great Wall of, [291];
how civilization first reached, [199];
Indian influence in South, [21];
Egyptian influence in, [23];
metal symbolism of, [37];
no “Neolithic Age” in, [213];
Siberian art links with, [203].
Chinese, a mixed people, [292].
Chinese Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, [202].
Chou Dynasty, Wu founder of, [288].
Chrysanthemum in religious legends, [140].
Cicada, jade tongue amulets, [222];
Scarab and, [223];
“Song of”, [224];
Soul and, [224];
Tree of Life and, [225];
“Shen” and the, [239].
Cinnabar, in Elixir of Life, [38].
Civilization, origin of, [2].
Cock, the Celestial, Ainu and, [330].
Colour Symbolism, black and white mandrakes, [246];
black and white nig-gil-ma, [246];
black and white rhinoceroses, [248];
black and white elephants, [248];
blue eyes of Buddha, [127];
coloured fruits and stones as forms of goddess, [165];
colours of Cardinal Points in Celtic and Indian myths, [229];
Chinese Cardinal Points, [230];
Chinese coloured internal organs, [230];
Chinese colours of seasons, elements, and planets, [230];
colours of sacred animals, [140];
five colours of dragon, [84];
gem symbolism and, [186];
green falcon of Horus, [108];
green sparrow of goddess, [139];
colours of saints, [126];
white saints, [113];
Indian metal symbolism and, [38];
jade colours, [234], [253];
Japanese and Indian Cardinal Points coloured, [344];
Japanese river of blood, [346];
mandrake colours, [174];
Osiris as green water, [9];
Plants of Life, [159];
Purple Sea legend, [140];
green Water of Life, [125], [140];
red All-father and black All-mother, [266];
red as life colour, [160];
red birds as “Thunder-birds”, [162];
red jasper as blood of goddess, [185];
the five dragons, [61];
Dragon bones colours, [61];
colours of internal organs, plants, &c., [62];
the Yellow God as Chinese Emperor, [277];
Tree of Life and, [167];
yellow fire, &c., [162];
Yellow as earth colour, [163];
Blue symbolism, [163];
White symbolism, [163];
Black symbolism, [163];
the five colours, [163].
Columbus, his search for Paradise, [119].
Confucianism, [297].
Confucian temple, god of, [233].
Copper, ancient Egyptians and, [10];
as variety of gold, [192];
early implements of, [193];
wars for mines of, [194];
search for, [197];
associated with death in China, [39];
dragon and, [38];
Japanese smelting of, [207];
malachite as offering to dead, [37];
Egyptian deities and, [37];
see [Metal Symbolism].
Coral, as marine tree of goddess, [165];
Buddhist belief in, [126];
night-shining, [64], [219];
trees of, in Paradise, [165];
Chinese coral trees, [219].
Cords, The Knotted, [275].
Cosmogony, Chinese, [227];
Egyptian and Babylonian, [227];
The Ainu, [311].
Cowry (see [Shells]).
Creation Myths, none in Shinto, [345];
Taoist, [258];
Cosmic Egg, [260];
Pʼan Ku myths, [260];
Tibetan Ymir myth, [261], [262].
Crete, Dolphin god of, and elephant, [203];
influence of, in Asia, [206];
potter’s wheel in, [17];
prospectors from, in Asia, [200];
whale’s vertebra as amulet in, [49].
Cro-Magnon races, [5].
Cromarty, Demon in “Dropping Cave” at, [55].
Culture Heroes, Fu Hi, Chinese Adam, [275];
Shen-nung as Chinese Osiris, [277].
Culture mixing in China and Japan, [387].
Cypress Tree of Life, [166];
mandrake and, [167].
Dagan, Philistine Dagon, and, [52] (see [Ea]).
Date Stone elixir, [178].
Date Tree, Mesopotamian Tree of Life, [179]. [[392]]
Deluge Legend, Chinese goddess Nu Kwa in, [151];
Chinese reference to, [267];
Nu Kwa and, [267];
Chinese date of, [268];
Japanese version, [345];
the Ainu, [332].
Deluge myth, Emperor Yu and, [283];
the Chinese, why ship is absent from, [247].
Demeter, Chinese goddess and, [138].
Devils, “The Foreign”, [31].
Dew, as Water of Life, [139].
Dew of Immortality, [144], [157];
Pot and Plant of Life and, [246].
Dew of Life, [140].
Diamond Valley Legend, Chinese version of, [128].
Dionysos, goat and, [183].
Dog, connection with trees and plants, [167];
Japanese story of Shiro, [168];
the lunar, [147].
Dolmen, in Korea, [325], and also note [1].
Dolphin, Buddhists and, [127];
Dragon and, [50].
Dragon, Apollo as, [122];
as Celestial stag in China, [51];
as water god in China, [55];
as makara, [150];
as symbol of Emperor, [54];
as Tree, [75], [152];
as Vampire, [64];
as water controller, [235];
Babylonian Ea and, [51];
Babylonian Goat-fish god, [30], [31];
Babylonian Tiamat as, [52];
bad rain from sick dragon, [364], [365];
Bird and serpent myth and, [72];
blue and yellow, [57];
characters of Chinese, [46];
Chinese and Egyptian Deathless Snake, [78], and also note [3];
Chinese and Scottish charms, [56], [57];
connection with Pines, [167];
Dugong and Dolphin and, [50];
Eastern Dragon as Indra, [238];
eggs of, [58];
Egyptian slayer of, [77];
Emperor Hwang-Ti becomes, [279];
Yao as son of, [280];
Shun and, [280];
female dragon eaten by Emperor, [285];
five colours of, [84], [163];
fish forms of, [59], [75];
folk-stories of, [76];
forms assumed by, [47];
as thunder and rain god, [47];
Indra, Zeus, &c., and, [47];
as guardians of pearls, [47];
shark and, [47];
gold and, [55];
has most “ling” of all creatures, [186];
influence of, on towns, [236];
Japanese, [343], [347];
Japanese and Indian Naga, [344];
Japanese and Nagas, [356];
“makara” and Chinese sea-dragon, [215];
moon and bamboo and, [150];
Osiris as, in serpent form, [59];
Plum tree grows from blood of, [80];
Polynesian forms of, [78];
Polynesian gods and, [48];
sea and land animals and, [50];
Teutonic, [77];
the Chinese, and metal symbolism, [38];
the Eight-Headed Japanese, slain by Susa-no-wo, [371];
the great mountain, [63];
the Japanese sea snake and, [41];
Jewels offered to, [41];
the lunar, [149];
the Polynesian (see [Polynesia]), tiger as enemy of, [47];
water snake becomes, [54];
coiled dragon as water-retainer, [54];
woman as, [84];
Medusa legend of, [84];
Japanese dragon woman, [85].
Dragon and Ball procession, [64].
Dragon Battles, [56].
Dragon Boat Festival, [268].
Dragon Boats, in rain-getting ceremonies, [41].
Dragon Eggs, [182].
Dragon Fire, [63].
Dragon Herbs, [79].
Dragon Island, Greek legend of, [100];
in Egyptian, Scottish, and Melanesian legends, [98].
Dragon jade symbols, [253].
Dragon Kings, the five, and the five planets, [274].
Dragon Mother, in Polynesia, [79].
Dragon of Babylonia, the Kupu of, and Polynesian Kupua, [78].
Dragon-slayer, Egyptian, [77];
Siegfried and Sigurd as, [77].
Dragon Stones, [182].
Dragon Sword of Japan, how Susa-no-wo obtained it, [372].
Dragon wells, [55].
Dragon’s Blood, manufactured from metals, [38].
Dragon’s Heart, as source of knowledge, [77].
“Dragon’s Spittle”, [79].
Dragons as guardians of treasure, [156];
Babylonian and Chinese, [74];
connection with “Water of Life” and “Tree of Life”, [75];
blue [[393]]rush of, [85];
Chinese and Polynesian, [67];
and Dragon Boat Festival, [269];
Egyptian serpent-island story, [98];
Five, as rulers of seasons, &c., [61];
Fungus of Immortality and, [107];
Garudas and Nagas and, [70];
gods ride on, [65];
herbs, &c., and, [183];
human shapes of, [47];
Indian Nagas and, [69];
in pools, rivers, and sea, [54];
as tide controllers, [54];
iron dreaded by, [38], [64];
as rain-bringers, [39];
fond of gems, [38];
Japanese dragon place-names, [356];
Japanese sea-gods as, [352];
Japanese “water snakes” as, [353];
“Kingdom Under the Sea” legends of, [95];
as Light-gods, [63];
Melusina legend in lore of, [86], [87];
mother of, [59];
Pearl Princess legend, [97];
pearls produced by, [39];
Japanese mountains and, [39];
Red Island of, [95];
skins of, shine by night, [64];
the Chinese nine-headed dragon, [372], and also note [2];
transformed dragons harmless, [105];
vital spirit in eyes of, [64];
Water of Life controlled by, [159];
were-animals and, [221];
whales and, [49];
women as, in China, [86];
boys become, in Japan, [86].
Dugong, dragon and, [50].
Dynasties, Chin or Tsʼin, [291];
Early and Mythical, [277];
Han, Minor, Tʼang, Sung, Mongol, Ming, and Manchu, [292];
the Chinese, Chou Dynasty, [288];
the Hea, [281];
the Shang, [285].
Ea, Babylonian god, as seafarer, [30];
Dagan and Dagon and, [52];
dragon and, [51];
antelope, goat, gazelle and, [51];
Oannes and, [31].
Eagle, jade and, [221].
East, Cult of, [134], [210];
Cult of, in China and Egypt, [60];
sacredness of, in Egypt and China, [229].
East Indies, Egyptian millet in, [9].
Eel, as Polynesian dragon, [78];
God of Samoa as, [68].
Eels as dragon-vampires, [64].
Egg, the Cosmic, [260], [266], [303];
in Shinto, [348].
Egg, the Swallow’s, Ancestress of Emperor Tʼang and, [285] (see [Dragon Eggs]).
Egypt, agriculture in, [6];
beliefs of, regarding souls, in China, [239], [240];
Bird and serpent myth in, [71];
Chinese adopt inventions of, [13];
potter’s wheel of, [13];
Chinese goddess and, [137];
Chinese Horus, [285];
Chinese Isis and Nephthys, [139];
Chinese Shun and Horus, [280];
cinnamon imported into, [142];
corn, fruit, and milk in Paradise, [133];
Cosmic Egg in, [348];
cult of East and of West in, [60];
Date Tree of Life, [179];
Deathless Snake of, and Chinese and Japanese dragons, [78], and also note [3], [156];
deities as fish, [59];
deities create plants of life, [180];
Dragon Isle story of, [98];
Dragon-slayer of, [77], [78];
Dragon-stones and mountain of dawn, [59];
Frog goddess of, [145];
god Ptah and Dragon, [63];
goddess of turquoise, [58];
gold plentiful in, [198], and also note [1];
Hathor and Chinese Spinning Maiden, [147];
Hathor and Taoism, [313];
Hathor beer and Far Eastern intoxicants, [330];
Heart and tongue connection in, [222];
Heart as “mind” in, [77];
Horus myth in Japan, [351];
Horus story in Japan, [155];
Indian links with, [74];
influence of, in Asia, [206];
iron as Set’s metal, [64];
Island of the Blest in Pyramid Texts of, [108];
Japanese Deluge myth and Egyptian, [345];
Pharaoh and Mikado, [341], [387];
jasper of Isis and Japanese Tama, [336];
kings of, as gods, [342];
Mikado as Osiris and Horus, [386];
Mikado and Osiris, [339], [340];
myths of, in China, [148];
myth of separation of Heaven and Earth, in Japan and Polynesia, [348];
Nile flows from Milky Way in, [111];
Nut and Chinese virgin goddess, [268];
origin of agriculture in, [201];
origin of mummification in, [257];
connection of mummification with Animism, [256];
Osiris and Chinese Shen-nung, [277];
Osiris and Lao Tze, [299];
Set and Lao Tze, [300];
[[394]]
Osiris of Japan, [367];
Paradises of, [135];
pearl lore in, [44];
pearl searchers of, in East, [41];
Pharaoh becomes god, [242];
Polynesian boats, [33];
Ptah and the Chinese artisan god, [262];
Osiris and Pʼan Ku, [264];
Ptah doctrine and Taoism, [303];
Queen Hatshepsut’s naval expedition, [36], [37];
red earth in Deluge myth of, [246];
religious use of reeds and linen in, [85], and also note [3];
Rhampsinitus and Chinese Wu-Yih, [286], [287], and also note [1];
scarab as mother goddess, [223];
scarab of, and Chinese cicada amulets, [222];
scarab protected heart and tongue, [223];
search for life-giving herbs, stones, &c., [207];
ships of, in Sea of Okhotsk, [32];
smelting furnaces of, in Asia and Europe, [207], [208];
star-form of goddess, [184];
struggles for copper-mines, [194];
Japanese Hathor, [386];
Tree of Life as “World Tree” in, [136];
weeping deities of, [365];
Well and Tree of Life at Heliopolis, [122];
wide areas influenced by culture of, [387].
Egyptian ships in Northern Europe, [33].
Egyptians, earliest shipbuilders and navigators, [27];
maritime expeditions of, [28].
Elephant and dolphin, [203].
Elixir of Life, malachite and silver offered to dead as, [37];
Chinese alchemical, [38];
see [Metal Symbolism], Peach, [Pearls], [Plant of Life], and [Water of Life].
Emperors of China as culture heroes, [19], [20].
England, soul beliefs in, [241].
Evolution, biological, ethnology and, [2].
Eye as Seat of Soul, [64].
Fig Tree of Life, [134] (see [Sycamore] and [Tree of Life]).
Fire and water, [159].
Fire-Balls, pearls and, produced by dragons, [57].
Fire, Chinese and Polynesian “fire nail” myths, [84];
dragons scared by, [85];
from trees, [162].
Fish as carrier of souls, [141] (see [Makara]).
Fish-forms of dragon in China and Japan, [76].
Fish-goddess, the Far Eastern, [333].
Fish scales, Pearls and jade and, [222].
Fish symbols in jade, [222].
Food offerings to dead, [132].
Food of the Dead, in Japanese Yomi, [340];
in Babylonian Hades, [340].
“Foreign devils”, British as, [31].
Fox, Ainu and, [330];
in Japan, [343].
Foxes, were-animals in China and Japan, [221].
Frog, Chinese goddess transforms woman into, [144];
Egyptian goddess as, [145];
in jade, [225];
in China and Egypt, [226].
Frogs, British compared to, [31].
Fruit of Life, Chinese and Japanese search for, [138].
Fu Hi, Nu Kwa as sister of, [277];
the Chinese Adam, [275].
Fu-lin, [218];
Chinese references to, [128].
Fung-shui, [234];
connection with Babylonia and Egypt, [234];
graves and, [235];
houses and towns and, [235];
the Trigrams, [275];
tiger and dragon controllers, [235];
Wind and Water doctrine, [228].
Fungus of Immortality, [107], [138], [146], [174];
in Chinese Isles of Blest, [111].
Ganges, the Celestial, Buddhists and, [126].
Garudas, as enemies of Nagas, [70];
Babylonian eagle god and, [70].
Gazelle, Ea-dragon and, [51];
Egyptian gods and, [52].
Gems, as fruit of Tree of Life, [165];
dragons fond of, [38]. See also [Jewels], [Pearls], [Stones].
“Genius of the Hills”, Chinese goddess called, [269].
Giant in Isle of Blest legend, [112].
Ginseng, in Korea, [334];
Spirit of, [335];
mandrake, [174] (see [Mandrake]).
Goat, blood of, as substitute for herb, [173];
Chinese Celestial, [184];
Japanese legend, [184];
as stones, [184];
Thunder-gods and, [183].
Goats, Goddess of herbs and, [183];
as avatars of goddess, [183]. [[395]]
Goddesses (see [Mother Goddess]).
Gold, as sun metal, [37];
Buddhist belief in, [126];
dragon’s connection with, [55];
earliest use of, [164];
eastward “rushes” for, [201];
Egyptian kings asked for, [198];
Goddesses of, [190];
religious value of, [191];
imitation shells in, [192];
copper regarded as variety of, [192];
goddess of, [313];
good metal in India, [38];
in Buddhist Paradise, [127];
in “Fung-shui” system, [236];
in Indian medicine, [215];
vital principle in, [215];
jade used like, [214];
lapis-lazuli and, [219];
Mother Goddess and, [157];
Siberian, [202];
Syrian goddess and, [217];
Tree of Life and, [116];
why early people searched for, [42], [189];
yellow, blue, red, white, and black in China, [38];
see [Metal Symbolism].
Golden Hills of Peking, [236].
Golden Well Cave, [55].
Golden Well Spring, [55].
Grass of Immortality, [116].
Grave pools, Chinese, [228].
“Great Bear” constellation, as father of Chinese Emperor, [277];
as Chinese controller, [231];
Chinese deities of, [233];
Emperor Yu and, [282];
Five elements controlled by, [233].
Great Mother, various forms of, [157].
Great Wall, [291].
Greece, metal symbolism of, [37].
Green water, Osiris as, [9] (see [Colour Symbolism]).
Han Dynasty, [292].
Hare, Indian legend of the lunar, [146];
in Ohonamochi myth, [373];
of moon, [144].
Hares, Ainu mountain deities, [330].
Hea Dynasty, [281].
Heart, protected by scarab, [223];
tongue connection with, [222];
as mind in Egypt, [222].
Hebrews, religious literature of, [15].
Herbalists, Chinese culture heroes as, [20].
Herbs, the “huchu”, [177];
and stones, [186];
and swords, [100];
as life-givers, [172];
goat and, [173];
of Life, [158].
Hiruko, as god of fishermen in Japan, [352];
as sun god, [351].
Hirume, Japanese sun-female, [352].
Horse, in Japanese rain ceremonies, [355].
Horus, crossing the sea, [53];
gazelle and, [51];
antelope and, [53];
Hephaistos and, [122];
Osiris and, [9].
Ho Sien Ku, Chinese Artemis, [171].
Human sacrifices, [290].
Hwang-Ti, Chinese Emperor and god, [277].
Iliad, The, Bird and serpent myth in, [71].
Incense, beliefs connected with, [142].
India, Babylonian legend in, [100];
birds carry souls in, [128];
Brahmanic doctrines and Taoism, [303];
Ganges as river of life, [121];
Chinese and Brahmanic ascetics, [320];
Chinese belief in transmigration, from, [240];
Chinese First Age perfect as in, [276];
Taoism and doctrines of, [276];
Cosmic Egg in, [348];
Egyptian furnace in, [208];
Egyptian myths in, [74];
Emperor Yu and Indra, [284];
Garudas and Babylonian eagle god, [70];
goat of fire god of, [183];
Indra and Chinese Pʼan Ku, [262];
Indra and Chinese Eastern Dragon, [238], [239];
Indra and Chinese Shang-ti, [272];
Indra and Susa-no-wo of Japan, [363];
Indra as man in the moon, [146];
influence of, in Southern China, [21], [22];
Japanese dragons and the Nagas, [344];
Karna and Chinese Wu, [288];
Karna born from mother’s ear, [300];
Karna myth in Japan, [351];
Karna story and Japanese, [156];
long voyage by mariners of, [34];
metal symbolism in Creation Myth, [38];
metal symbolism of, [37], [38];
Milky Way as source of Ganges, [111];
Mount Meru as “world spine”, [137];
Mungoose displaces Secretary Bird in, [73], [74];
Chinese dragons and the Nagas, [69];
Phœnician colonies in, [30];
Purusha myth and Chinese Pʼan Ku, [265];
Tama and Japanese Yomi, [357].
Indonesia, Japanese wani and, [355]. [[396]]
Indra, as man in the moon, [146].
Iranians, as mediators between West and East, [294].
Ireland, apple-land Paradise, [124];
calling back souls in, [241];
salmon as dragon in, [77];
star myth of, and Chinese, [281], [282].
Iron, dragons dread, [38], [64].
Isanagi, jewels of, were “Kami”, [343].
Ise, [386];
Japanese Mecca, [338];
Goddesses of, [339].
Islands of the Blest, Far Eastern legends of, [106];
origin of conception of, [108];
Chinese sage reaches, [148];
Egyptian, [135];
Herbs, Trees, and Wells of Life in, [107] (see [Dragon Island] and [Red Island]);
Scottish legend, [129];
cult of East and, [210];
Dragon Isle of Delos, [122];
ginseng (mandrake) on, [174];
gold, jade, pearls, &c., in, [111];
Fungus of Immortality in, [111];
jade in, [215];
Japanese legends of Horaizan, [116];
search for, promotes exploration, [119];
shipping and, [293];
Syria, Atlantis, and Fortunate Isles, [123];
Hebrides and Ireland, [123];
Gaelic Apple-land, [123];
Gaelic floating and vanishing island, [125];
see [Paradise] and [Underworld].
Ivy, Chinese goddess and, [270].
Izanagi, creation of islands and deities by, [352];
in Hades, [357];
Japanese deity, [349].
Izanami, creation of islands and deities by, [352];
Japanese deity, [349];
visit to and flight from Hades, [357].
Jade, as “Light shining at night,” [218];
Babylonia imported, from Chinese Turkestan, [202];
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, [245];
birth assisted by, [243];
diseases cured by, [243];
Mother Goddess and, [157], [221], [243], [244];
brook of, [216];
juice of, [216];
grease of, [216];
butterflies in, [225];
Chinese and Babylonian jade links, [202];
Chinese Mother Goddess creates, [152];
Chinese symbolism of, [208];
Chou and Han jades indigenous, [212];
cicada amulets of, [222];
coffins of, [226];
colours of, [234];
connections of, with Cardinal Points, [234];
shapes of, [234];
complex symbolism of, [246], [254]–[5];
supplants boat in Chinese Deluge myth, [247];
connection of, with cows, copper, water, &c., [227];
earliest use of, in China, [211], and also note [1];
mirrors of, [211], and also note [1];
“Fire jade”, [220];
ground jade swallowed, [243];
immortality ensured by, [243];
spirit of, in all life, [244];
fish scales and, [222];
fish symbols in, [222];
Frog or Toad amulet, [225];
scarab-like amulets in, [226];
fish forms in, [226];
gold, cowries, and, [214];
mouth of dead stuffed with, [214];
“Great Bear” and, [232];
soul as pivot of, [232];
in “Fung-shui” system, [236];
tiger-jade and war, [236];
in Japan, [343];
in rain-getting ceremonies, [253];
introduced with bronze into Europe, [201];
Japanese beliefs regarding, of Chinese origin, [220];
lunar attributes of, [218];
nocturnal luminosity of, [216];
no necklaces of, in China, [338];
origin of symbolism of, [206], [207];
pearls and, [157];
promotes longevity, [216];
rhinoceros horn and, [247]–[9];
warm and cold, [249], [254];
rush pattern on, [85], and also note [3];
symbolism of, [165];
symbolism of, and pearl symbolism, [212];
used instead of embalming, [223];
why swallowed, [216];
why sought in Europe, [251], [252];
Spanish name of, [253];
colour symbolism of, [253].
“Jade Mountain”, [139];
in Chinese Paradise, [137].
Jade River of Peking, [236].
Japan, archæology of, [325];
Ainu and Koro-pok-guru, [326];
Chinese name applied to, [360];
dragon-pearl peak of, [39];
dragons of, [47];
early searchers for wealth in, [333];
Egyptian ships in, [33];
Empress Jingo and pearls of ebb and flood, [40];
history and mythology of, [324];
races of, [324];
names of, [333], and also note [3]; [352].
“Jewel that grants all Desires”, [73], [129];
in India, China, and Japan, [39];
fish eye as, [218]. [[397]]
Jewels as “Kami” in Japan, [343].
“Jewels of Flood and Ebb”, [40].
Jingo, Japanese Empress, [40], [385].
Jokwa, [345];
as Mother Goddess, [152].
Junks, Burmese and Chinese, and Egyptian ships, [29], [32];
origin of, [24].
Kami, the evil, [343];
the Japanese, [341].
Kasenko, Japanese Artemis, [171].
Khotan, as trading centre, [202].
Kian Yuan, Chinese goddess, [270].
“Kingdom under the Sea”, [95];
Kusanagi sword legend and, [101].
Kings, Mythical Chinese, [277].
Ko-ji-ki, the, Japanese sacred book, [347].
Korea, Empress Jingo and, [40];
ginseng (mandrake) cultivated in, [334];
ideas regarding soul in, [241];
Japanese and, [20];
Chinese overrun, [21];
the dolmen in, [325].
Koryaks, Egyptian boats of, [32].
Kuda-tama, “tube-shaped” beads, [337] (see [Tama]).
Kufas, Chinese and Mesopotamian, [25].
Kurgans as culture centres, [200].
Kusanagi sword, [382];
of Japan, [101].
Kwang Tze, Taoist teacher, [302].
Kwan-yin, goddess of mercy, [271];
as mother and child giver, [271];
as war goddess, [272].
Lake of Life, the Indian, [126].
“Language of Birds”, in dragon lore, [73];
in Egyptian dragon-slaying myth, [77];
in northern myths, [77].
Lao Tze, founder of Taoism, [299];
Osiris, Julius Cæsar, &c., and, [299], [300].
Lapis-lazuli, as “essence of gold”, [219].
Leech-child, deity called, [351].
Lightning as “Fire of Life”, [160].
Literature, Chinese god of, [233].
Loki, Susa-no-wo and, [364].
Lotus, Far Eastern goddess’s flower, [171];
Egyptian Hathor as, [172];
the Cosmic, [303].
Maga-tama, “comma-shaped” beads, [337] (see [Tama]);
curved jewels, children created from, [366];
in Amaterâsu cave-myth, [368].
Makara, dragon as, [150];
elephant-headed dolphin as, [203];
eye of a gem, [218];
gold and mercury and, [215];
Babylonian sea-goat and, [215];
gold and pearls and, [215].
Malachite, as offering to dead, [37] (see [Metal Symbolism]).
Manchu Dynasty, [292].
Mandrake, as life plant, [246];
colours and shapes of, [174];
cultivated in Korea, [334];
Korean spirit of, [335];
cypress tree and, [167];
dog and, [168];
apple tree and, [168];
jade and, [216];
lotus, pomegranate, and, [172];
ginseng as, [174];
Shakespeare’s references to, [168], and also note [1];
see [Plant of Life].
“Man in the moon”, [146].
Mariners, ancient, [13];
as culture-carriers, [35];
motives for activities of, [36];
Chinese, [24];
in Korea and Japan, [25];
Crete reached by, [28];
early activities of, [27];
Egyptian voyages, [30];
Sumeria’s first seaport, [30];
motives for voyages of, [45];
pearl-lore and, [41];
Phœnicians as traders, [30];
sea gods of, [50];
Sumeria reached by, [31];
the Polynesian, [33];
long voyages of, [33]–[5], [36];
wanderings of, [44];
see [Ships].
Maya gem symbolism, [336].
Mead in moon, [145].
Medicinal plants, [158] (see [Tree of Life]).
Melanesia, Fish-god of, and dragon, [68].
Melusina legend, in Chinese dragon-lore, [87], [88], [97] (see [Pearl Princess]).
Mercury, in Elixir of Life, [38];
in Indian medicine, [215].
Mercy, goddess of, [271].
Mermaids, as providers of herb cures, [85].
Metals, search for, spreads civilization, [199] (see [Mariners] and [Ships]).
Metal Symbolism, [37];
Chinese associated copper with death and darkness, [39];
iron dreaded by dragons, [38], [39];
Greek, Indian, Chinese, [[398]][37], [38];
in Chinese dragon-lore, [38];
in Indian creation myth, [38];
Indian colour symbolism and, [38];
malachite and silver as offerings to Egyptian dead, [37];
Chinese alchemists’ “liquor of immortality”, [38];
why gold was sought, [42];
see [Copper], [Gold], [Iron], and [Silver].
Mikado, as Osiris and Horus, [386];
Paradise of, [341];
like Pharaohs of Egypt, [341];
as an Osiris, [339].
Mikados, descent of, from deities, [378];
the ancient, [378].
Milk, Egyptian goddesses suckle souls, [133];
from cockle-shells in Japanese myth, [374];
from cockle-shells in Scotland, [374], and also note [4];
motherless children in Tibetan myth, [261];
offered to dead in Scotland, [133];
in Egyptian Paradise [133];
Sea of, [111], [112].
Milk goddesses, Chinese tigress and European and Egyptian forms of, [237];
vultures with breasts in Egyptian myth, [238];
Egyptian cow-goddess, [238] (see [Mother Goddess]).
Milky Way, as source of Chinese, Egyptian, and Indian rivers, [110], [111];
Celestial River of, [148];
Chinese sage reaches, [144];
holy woman reaches, [149];
Island of Blest in, [106];
souls in, [319];
Spinning Maiden of, [147].
Ming Dynasty, [292].
Mirror, [369];
in Amaterâsu cave myth, [369]
(see [Obsidian]).
Mistletoe, as plant of life, [100];
in Asia, [176];
sacred to Ainu, [330];
see [Plant of Life].
Mongol Dynasty, [292].
Moon, as “Pearl of Heaven”, [44];
as source of dew and nectar, [157];
as source of life, [150];
bamboo and, [150];
Chinese woman in, [144];
jade, pearls, mandrake, &c., shine like, [216];
Man in the, [146];
Indra in, [146];
dog in, [147];
metals of, [219];
Mother Goddess and, [146];
night-shining stones and herbs and, [186];
pearls and, [218];
as pearl, [64], [157];
silver as metal of, [37];
as source of Water of Life, [183];
Tree of, [145];
vapour from, causes pregnancy, [286];
yellow dragon and, [149].
Moon and Tree goddess, [172].
Moon Girl, the Japanese, [150].
Moon Island, [148].
Moon mead, [145].
Moon rabbit and hare, [144].
Moon Water, [145].
Moonlight Pearl, [218].
Mother Goddess, as “Mountain of Dawn”, [185];
as sun-boat, [185];
as source of moistures of life, [159];
as Tree of Life, [134];
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, [246];
mandrake and, [246];
red earth and, [246];
Chinese, and Demeter, [138];
Chinese archer and, [144];
Chinese “Genius of the Hills”, [269], [270];
Chinese Nu Kwa, [151];
jade created by, [152];
Chinese symbols of, [265];
Cosmic Egg and, [266];
Chinese Si Wang Mu, and Japanese Seiobo, [137];
Chinese tigress as, [236], [237];
coloured fruits and stones of, [165];
connection of, with gems and metals, [216];
coral as tree of, [165];
connection of, with water, [165];
Dew of Immortality from, [144];
Egyptian and Chinese, [137];
Egyptian Hathor feeds souls of dead, [133];
European animal forms of, [183], [237];
Egyptian serpent form of, [237];
Egyptian cow-goddess, [238];
fish form of, [222];
pearl connection causes jade connection, [221];
forms and attributes of, [246];
goat form of, [183];
gold of, [189], [190];
in Taoism, [302];
jade contains influence of, [243];
Kiang Yuan as, [270];
lotus of, in Far East and Egypt, [171];
mugwort of, [171];
moon and, [146], [157];
night-shining gems and herbs of, [186];
peach and, in Japan, [343];
peach tree of, [143];
pot of, [184], [187];
star form of, [184];
scarab as, [223];
cicada as, [224];
Scottish, as a stone, [182];
sparrow as messenger of, [139];
stones as, [185];
precious stones of, [185];
the Ainu and, [329], [333];
the Heavenly Lady Pa, Virgin Mother Nu-Chi and nine Sons, [268];
“The Heavenly Lady Pao”, [278];
The Poosa as goddess [[399]]or Buddha, [271];
Kwan-yin, goddess of mercy, [271];
Kwan-yin as child-giver, [271];
the Syrian, [216];
tree, shells, pearls, gold, silver, jade, and, [157], [220];
see [Artemis], [Hathor], [Izanami], &c.
Mother of Western King, Chinese goddess as, [137].
Mountains, Japanese dragons and, [39].
Mouse-Apollo, [185], [375] and also note [3].
Mouse, in Japanese Ohonamochi myth, [375].
Mugwort, reverenced by Ainu, [330];
Artemis and, [170];
Chinese lore regarding, [171];
as aid at birth, [172];
Far Eastern Artemis clothed in, [171];
Mexican goddess of, [172];
goat and, [173];
pine and, [168].
Mummification, history of, [257].
Naga form of Indra, [238].
Nagas, as guardians of pearls, [73];
Chinese dragons and, [69];
Garudas as enemies of, [70];
Japanese dragons and, [344];
Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, [70].
Navigation, Egyptian origin of, [27];
in Far East and Oceania, [32]–[5];
see [Mariners] and [Ships].
“Neolithic Age” unknown in China, [213].
Nig-gil-ma, the Babylonian, [245];
the Japanese, [349];
see [Plant of Life].
Nihon-gi, Japanese sacred book, [347].
Nu-Chi, Chinese goddess, [268].
Nu Kwa, [220], [345];
as goddess of West, [151];
Japanese Jokwa, [152];
Chinese Ishtar, [269];
Fu Hi as brother of, [277];
in Deluge myth, [267].
Oak, reverenced by Ainu, [331].
Obsidian, mirrors of, [211], and also note [1];
use of, by early seafarers, [28]
(see [Mirror]).
Ohonamochi, flight of, from Hades, [376];
in Creation myth, [376];
elfin deity and, [377];
the story of, [373].
Ojin Tenno, the Mikado, [385].
“Opening of Mouth” ceremony in Egypt and China, [222];
in Chinese myths, [258]–[62].
Orange Tree of Life, [379], [380]
(see [Tree of Life]).
Osiris, agriculture and, [6];
as the Nile, [8], [53];
as dangerous god, [53];
as serpent of Nile, [52];
Babylonian Ea and, [30];
cult of, [9];
missionaries of, [9], [10];
Dionysos and Bacchus and, [10];
dragon-lore and, [54];
gazelle and, [52];
potter’s wheel and, [20].
Pʼan Ku, as ancestor of three races, [274];
as world artisan, [260];
as Chinese Ymir, [260];
Egyptian Ptah and, [262]–[5];
Emperor Yu as, [284].
Paradise, Ainu myths of, [331];
Chinese sages reach, [144];
Japanese “Eternal Land”, [379];
Lord of Fish carries saint to, [141];
Polynesian, [380];
Buddhist, [126];
Indian Uttara Kuru, [128];
the Stellar, [148], [210];
the “Wonderful Rose Garden”, [135];
Under-Sea, of Japan, [381];
Ainu, [381];
see also [Underworld] and [Islands of Blest].
Patriarch Phăng lives for 1500 years, [319], [322].
Peach, as fruit of Chinese goddess, [139];
as Kami in Japan, [343];
in Japanese Hades myth, [360].
Peach of Longevity, [138].
Peach, Son of, story, [153].
Peach tree indigenous in China, [141].
Peach Tree of Life, [116], [137];
Chinese, [136]
(see [Tree of Life]).
Pearl, as “wish-jewel”, [39];
moon and lore of, [44];
Polynesian dragon and, [51];
“soul substance” in, [86].
Pearl fishers, sharks and dragon-lore, [47];
wanderings of, [43].
Pearl Mountain, in Chinese Paradise, [137].
“Pearl of Heaven” in dragon procession, [64];
moon as, [157].
Pearl Princess legend, [97];
the Abundant, [378]
(see [Melusina]).
Pearl-shell, mugwort and, [171];
religious use of, by Sumerians, [195], [196].
Pearls, ancient mariners as searchers for, [41];
as “life-givers” (margan), [219];
beliefs regarding origin of, [[400]][253];
Buddhist belief in, [126];
dragons and, [39], [49];
fish scales and, [222];
“Great Bear” and, [232];
in Japan, [343];
in Japanese waters, [333];
in Shinto faith, [335];
jade and, [157];
jade and gold used like, [214];
Japanese Tama, [220];
Nagas and, [73];
night-shining, [39], [64], [216];
Polynesian dragon and, [68];
produced at Dragon Battles, [57];
shark as guardian of, [221];
Mother Goddess and, [222];
the moonlight, [218];
flaming or fiery, [218];
whale’s eyes as, [218];
of Ebb and Flood, [40], [54].
Peking, religious significance of situation of, [236].
Perseus myth, Japanese version of, [346].
Persia, Bird and serpent myth in, [74].
Peruvians, whale worshipped by, [49].
Phœnicians, Africa circumnavigated by, [34];
as seafarers, [30];
Solomon’s mariners were, [36];
as Egypt’s mariners, [34];
colonies of, in Europe and Asia, [30].
Pike, Northern God as, [77].
Pillars of Cardinal Points, [227], [268].
Pine, Ainu and, [330];
Chinese goddess and, [270].
Pine Tree, Maiden of, [170];
Japanese Jo and Uba of, [171];
mugwort and, [168];
Japanese dog and pine story, [168].
Pine Tree of Life, [116], [166].
Planets, the five, mythical kings and, [274].
Plant of Birth, [335].
Plant of Life, Babylonian legend of, [99];
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, [245];
goat and, [173];
in Taoism, [320];
Japanese “reed shoot” as, [349], [350];
mandrake as, [174], [246];
tea as, [175];
mistletoe as, in Asia and Europe, [176];
ivy and mugwort in Asia, [176];
mandrake (ginseng), mushroom and fungus as, in Japan, [335];
mistletoe as, [100];
origin of, from tears of deities, [180];
sap of, as elixir, [145];
hemp as, [180];
the “huchu”, [177];
the “root”, in Taoism, [312].
Plants of Life, [158].
Plum tree, dragon’s blood originates, [80].
Plum Tree of Life, [116];
butterfly and, [225].
Polar Star, as “Pivot of Sky”, [232];
as Babylonian god, [232];
as Chinese god, [232].
Polynesia, ancient mariners reach, [45];
bird-god and serpent-god in, [71];
Cosmic Egg in, [348];
dragon of, [50], [51];
dragon of, and pearls, [51];
dragon of, and Babylonian, [78];
dragon of, and Chinese, [67];
“Fire nail” legend of, [84];
Garden Paradise of, [380];
Paradise of chiefs, [381];
ghosts go westward, [121];
myth of separation of Heaven and Earth in, [348];
Tree of Life in, [135];
wandering ghosts in, [132];
well of life in, [119], [120];
connection with America, [120].
Polynesian gods, Chinese dragons and, [48];
birds, beasts, and reptiles as, [48];
in sea shells, [48];
protectors of fisheries, [49].
Polynesians, Egyptian boats of, [33];
long voyages of, [33].
Poosa (see [Kwan-yin]).
Pot, the Mother, [16], [183], [187], [303];
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, [245];
Chinese, [266];
Lotus and, [172].
Potters, male and female, [15].
Potter’s wheel, an Egyptian invention, [13];
China receives, [17];
Chinese same as Egyptian, [22];
in Babylonia and Persia, [22];
did not “evolve”, [17];
unknown in America, [18];
Japanese receive, [20];
Koreans and, [20], [21];
Ptah-Osiris and, [20];
sacred in Egypt, [19];
Biblical references to, [19];
Chinese Emperors and potters, [19]–[20];
went farther than inventors, [42].
Pottery and civilization, [14], [15].
Pottery, religious and secular, [18].
Progress, Origin of, [12].
Ptah, Egyptian god (or Ptah-Osiris), as divine potter, [20].
Pumpelly Expedition, [200].
Purple Sea, [140].
Rabbit of moon, [144].
Rain god, dragon as, [55].
Red Island, Egyptian Horus and, [99]. [[401]]
Reed Plains, Land of, China and Japan as, [360].
Reed Shoot, in Japanese myth, [349].
Reeds, religious use of, [85], and also note [3].
Rhinoceros horn, healing qualities of, [249];
jade and, [247];
Yang in, [248];
pearl fishers used, [249];
nocturnal luminosity of, [219], [249];
warm and cold, [249].
Rhinoceros, prototype of unicorn, [250];
herbs and, [250];
as Judgment Beast, [250].
Rip Van Winkles, the Chinese, [177]–[180].
River of Life, Polynesian belief regarding, [121];
Ganges as, [121];
Lethe as, [121].
Rush mats, magical use of, [85].
Rush patterns on jade, [85].
Russian Turkestan, Babylonian influence in, [202].
Sacrifices, human, in China, [290].
Salmon, worshipped by Ainu, [330];
as dragon in China, [76];
as dragon in Scotland, [75];
as Irish dragon, [77];
Loki as, [76].
“Salmon of Knowledge”, the Gaelic, [77].
San Tsi herb, goat and, [173]
(see [Plant of Life]).
Scarab, jade forms resemble, [226].
Scotland, Apple-land Paradise, [124];
doctrine of Cardinal Points in, [229];
eagle carries man to Island Paradise, [129];
eagle-stone and raven-stone, [129];
Gaelic story regarding water of life, [120];
goddess as stone, [182];
goddess with hammer, [262];
offerings to dead in, [133];
salmon as dragon in, [75];
soul forms in, [240];
calling back of souls, [241];
wind-raising stones in, [58].
Scottish serpent charm resembles Chinese, [57].
Sea-cows, [50].
Sea-dogs, dragons and, [48];
as guardians of pearls, [48].
Seafarers, ancient (see [Mariners]).
Sea trade, early, [293]
(see [Ships]).
Secretary Bird, mungoose replaces, in Indian myth, [73];
origin of bird and serpent myth, [71], [72].
Seiobo, [380];
Cosmic Egg and, [266], [267];
Japanese goddess, [137];
same as Si Wang Mu of China, [137].
Serpent and bird myths, [66].
Serpent charm, Scottish, resembles Chinese, [57].
Serpent, Osiris as, [59];
the horned, dragon and, [54];
water snake becomes dragon, [54];
see [Snake].
Set, gazelle and, [52].
Shang Dynasty, [285]–[8];
Patriarch Phăng in, [319].
Shang-ti, God of Sky, [272].
Shao-Kʼang, the Chinese Horus, [285].
Shark, as guardian of pearls, [221];
King as, [68], [69];
see [Dragons].
Sharks, as dragons in Polynesia, [78];
dragons and, [47], [48].
Shells, ancient trade in, [43];
religious use of, [43];
Buddhist belief in, [126];
cowry symbolism, [44];
deities and, [44];
gold and, [164];
milk from, [374], and also note [4];
Polynesian dragon and, [51];
Polynesian gods in, [48].
Shen-ming, as father of agriculture, [20];
Osiris and, [277].
Shensi, as cradle of Chinese civilization, [209].
Shintai (god body), the Japanese, [338];
Spirit of Kami in, [341].
Shinto, concerned chiefly with food supply, health, &c., [340];
deities of fire, food, &c., [352];
Dragon Flood myth in, [346];
Gods of Sea, [352];
myth of separation of heaven and earth in, [347], [348];
not Nature worship, [386];
doctrines of, [335];
revival of, [387].
Shipbuilding, origin of, in Egypt, [27];
as Egyptian national industry, [28].
Ships, Ancient Egyptian and Chinese, [24];
earliest, on Chinese coasts, [293];
Egyptian, in Burmah, &c., [32];
in Japan, [32];
in Far East, [325];
Malay, Polynesian, &c., [33];
Cecil Torr on Egyptian types of, [33];
went farther than inventors, [42];
see [Barge of Death], [Boat of Death], [Navigation], and [Mariners].
Shun, the Emperor, as fisher, potter, and agriculturist, [20];
son of rainbow, [280].
Siberia, art links with China, [203];
bronze links with Europe, [205];
[[402]]
gold in, [202];
horse sacrifices in, [355];
religious symbols of, [203].
Sigurd, Chinese Shun and, [280].
Silk-worms, Chinese Empress nourishes, [278];
Japanese myth of origin of, [369].
Silver, as moon metal, [37];
as offering to dead, [37];
Babylonian nig-gil-ma and, [245];
bad metal in India, [38];
Buddhist belief in, [126];
pearls, &c., and, [219];
Tree of Life roots are, [116];
see [Metal Symbolism].
Si Wang Mu, [380];
Chinese goddess, [137];
Japanese Seiobo and, [137];
Cosmic egg and, [266], [267];
in Chinese legend, [139].
Snake, Dragon-maiden as, [87];
Japanese dragon as, [353];
see [Serpent].
Solomon, as importer of peacocks, [32];
imports of, [34];
ships of, [30].
Soma, moon and, [145]
(see [Amrita]).
Soul, as White Bird in Japanese myth, [384];
calling back of, in China, Siberia, Egypt, and British Isles, [241];
Chinese ideas regarding, [239];
crane as carrier of, [240];
boat of, [240];
dragon as carrier of, [240];
departure of, during life, [240];
animal, &c., forms of, in Europe, [240];
Indonesian forms of, [241];
two souls in China, [241];
Egyptian ideas regarding, in China, [241];
Japanese dead as animals, [341];
no ghosts in early Shinto, [341];
Kami and, [343];
kings and ancestors as gods, [242];
kirins as carriers of, [240];
in moon or starland, [240];
transmigration of, [240];
Korean belief in three souls, [241];
Shinto ideas regarding, [335];
soldiers’ spirits worshipped in Japan, [386].
Sparrow as messenger of goddess, [139].
Spines of fish and whales as amulets in Europe and America, [49].
Spinning Maiden in Milky Way, [147], [148]
(see [Milky Way] and [Mother goddesses]).
Spirits (see [Soul]).
Spirits of fallen soldiers worshipped in Japan, [386].
Stag, Chinese goddess and, [140];
dragon and, [51].
Star goddesses of China and Egypt, [147].
Star gods, as ancestors, [275];
Dragon Swords and, [275].
Stars, Chinese Emperors and, [277]–[80];
Chinese god and goddess of, [233];
Emperor Yu and, [281];
Irish myth and Chinese, [281], [282];
“Great Bear” constellation as controller of Yang and Yin, [231];
Norse “World mill” and, [232].
Stone, coffins of, [226].
“Stone of Darkness”, copper and, [39].
Stone tears, [181]
(see [Tears]).
Stones, as Dragon Eggs, [58], [59];
deities in, [182];
formed by sap, [182];
goats as, [184];
Chinese spirits in, [185];
herbs and, [186];
night-shining, [64], [186];
water-yielding, [186];
Norse gods spring from, [182];
Mithra springs from rock, [182];
Indonesian beliefs regarding, [182], [183];
Syrian goddess and, [217];
Syrian goddess’s night-shining gem, [217];
the Dragon, [182];
turquoise, and goddess, [58];
Egyptian goddess and, [58];
vital essence graded in, [186].
Stones and trees, [180].
Stork, the blue, [140].
Sumeria, culture of, begins in seaport, [30];
dragon-god (Ea) of, [30], [52];
early seafarers reach, [31], [32]
(see [Babylonia]).
Sung Dynasty, [292].
Sun goddess, Japanese, in cave, [368], [369].
Sun, gold as metal of, [37].
Susa-no-wo, as Lord of Hades, [374];
banishment of, [365];
creates children from jewels, [366];
children of, [373];
dragon-slaying myth, [371];
slays food goddess, [369];
harries Heaven, [368];
expulsion and punishment of, [369];
Japanese dragon-slayer, [346];
son of Izanagi, [362];
as weeping god, [363];
Indra and, [363].
Sword, the Dragon (Kusanagi sword), [382].
Sword, the Japanese Dragon, [372].
Sword transformed into tree, [183].
Swords, dragons and stars and, [275];
and herbs, [100]. [[403]]
Sycamore Fig Tree of Life, [134]
(see [Tree of Life]).
Tama, [350], [369] (see [Maga-tama] and [Kuda-tama]);
foxes and, [221];
the Japanese, pearl, jade, &c., as, [220];
soul and, [335].
Tammuz, the Far Eastern, [138].
Tʼang, founder of Shang Dynasty, [285].
Tʼang Dynasty, [292].
Taoism, Buddhism and, [210], [323];
doctrines of, [297];
Egyptian and Indian elements in, [303];
Lao Tze founder of, [299];
Kwang Tze, [302].
Tea as elixir, [175]
(see [Plant of Life] and [Tree of Life]).
Tears, “Tree tears” and “Stone tears”, [180], et seq.;
of deities, [180];
plants grow from, [180].
Thunder-ball, -axe, and -drum, [262], [263].
Thunder-god, goats of, [183].
Thunder-pearls, dragon and, [39].
Tibet, bird and serpent combined in, [72];
Nagas of, [70];
Ymir myth of, [261];
Ymir of, [274].
Tiger, as Chinese were-animal, [221];
as enemy of dragon, [47];
as Kami in Japan, [343];
as wind controller, [235];
Chinese goddess and, [138];
and war, [236];
Emperor Yu and, [282];
influence of, on towns, [236];
metal and, [233];
the white, Chinese
goddess and, [140];
see [Cardinal Points] and [Colour Symbolism].
Tigress, Mother Goddess as, [237].
Tongue amulets of jade, [222].
Tongue and heart connection, [222].
Toriwi, symbolic gateway, [339].
Tortoise, Chinese goddess and, [140];
god as, in India and Japan, [112];
use of, in China, [112];
in royal legend, [280].
Tortoise god, the Ainu, [330].
Trade, earliest Egyptian, [10];
Chinese, [293].
Tree, deities and dragons become, [152];
fire from, [162];
sword becomes, [183].
Tree-lore, blood from trees, [143] (see [Tree of Life]);
gold, jade, pearls, shells, and, [157].
Tree of Life, animals that browse on, [174];
as “World Tree”, [136];
at Heliopolis, [122];
Buddhist Bodhi-tree as, [126];
cassia tree as, [141];
peach tree indigenous in China, [141];
Chinese goddess and, [152];
Chinese Peach, [138];
cicada and, [225];
butterfly and, [225];
Plum, [225];
Coral Tree, [219];
date stone elixir, [178];
dragon and, [75];
dragons and, [167];
evergreen as, [167];
mandrake and cypress, [167];
fruit of, ensures 3000 years of life, [166];
pine tree elixir, [166];
cypress seeds as elixir, [166];
camphor as life-giver, [166];
gems as fruit of, [165];
gold trunk, silver roots, and gem leaves of, [116];
in Egyptian Paradise, [134];
in Egyptian Pyramid Texts, [108];
in Greek myths, [123];
apple tree as, [124];
in Polynesia, [121];
life-giving incense from, [142];
blood from, [143];
linden tree as, [135];
Chinese peach tree as, [136];
men climb, to reach Paradise, [149], [150];
mugwort and pine, [168];
orange tree as, in Japan, [379];
sap of, as elixir, [146];
souls ascend, [240];
sycamore fig as, [134];
Cretan, [134];
British and Indian, [134];
Polynesian, [135];
the ash as, [136];
Indian, [136];
Assyrian, [137];
date, vine, fir, cedar, oak, and pomegranate, [137];
Biblical reference to, [137];
the date, [178];
the jujube, [179];
world mountain and, [137];
peach, plum, and pine as, [116].
Trees, jade and, [165];
coral and, [165];
stones formed from, [182];
weeping, [181].
Trees and stones, [180].
Tree tears, [180].
Tree under water, dragon as, [75].
Trigrams, [275].
Tsʼin Dynasty, [291].
Turquoise, Babylonian supplies of, from Chinese Turkestan, [203];
Hathor goddess of, [58].
Turtles in Isle of Blest legend, [112].
Underworld, Ainu ideas of, [331];
dragons of, [95];
Gaelic story of, [120];
Isles of Blest and, [135];
Osiris and, [99];
Susa-no-wo as lord of, [374];
Yomi as, [340];
see [Islands of Blest] and [Paradise]. [[404]]
Unicorn, rhinoceros and, [250].
Vampire, dragon as, [64], [65].
Wall, the Great, [291], [292].
Wani, Japanese, [354]
(see [Dragon]).
War god of China, tiger as, [236].
Water, dragon controller of, [235];
stones and, [58], [59].
Water of Life, Alexander’s search for, [125];
body moistures and, [159];
Chinese and Japanese search for, [138];
dew as, [139];
dragons and, [75], [159];
Hawaiian story of, [120];
Gaelic story of, [120];
in Chinese Island of Blest, [110];
in Egyptian Paradise, [133];
in Fung-shui doctrine, [234];
in Taoism, [302], [317], [321];
in various Paradises, [129];
in Babylonian myth, [132];
lunar pot of, [187];
lunar source of, [183];
Pot and, [246];
South Sea Island tradition of, [121];
tear from goddess star, [184];
Siberian wells, [204];
lunar, [145];
purple, [140];
see [Well of Life].
Water snakes and dragons, [54].
Wealth, religious incentive to quest of, [45].
Well of Life, Ceylon, [121];
at Heliopolis, [122];
green water of, [125];
in Koran, [126];
in Egyptian Pyramid Texts, [108];
in Taoism, [318];
search for, led to discovery of Florida, [119];
Polynesian search for, [119];
see [Water of Life].
West, cult of, [134], [210];
Chinese goddess and, [137];
Chinese Ishtar and, [266];
in China and Egypt, [60], [229];
in Japan, [380];
in Polynesia, [121];
in Taoism, [302];
Japanese and, [229].
West, Paradise of, Chinese souls in, [240]; in Japanese myth, [377], and also note [4].
West, Royal Lady of, and Buddha, [210];
Chinese empress becomes, [151].
West, Royal Mother of, [137].
Western Paradise, Buddha of, [210].
Whale, Maori dragon compared to, [49];
Scottish witches and, [49];
dolphin, dugong, and, [50];
worshipped in Peru, [49];
dragons and, [49];
backbone of, as amulet in Crete, in Liguria, and America, [49];
pearls as eyes of, [218].
Willow, sacred in Siberia, [330];
sacred to Ainu, [330].
Wind, controlled by White Tiger god, [235]
(see [Tiger]).
Winged disk, in Egypt and Mexico, [71].
Winter, as dry season in China, [56].
Wolf, as Kami in Japan, [343].
World Guardians, Japanese, [343].
World Mill, “Great Bear” constellation and, [232].
World Mountain, [137].
World Tree, [136] (see [Tree of Life]).
World’s Ages, metals and doctrine of, [37];
Greek and Indian, [37]
(see [Ages, the Mythical]).
Wu, founder of Chou Dynasty, Gilgamesh, &c., and, [288];
ode on birth of, [288];
reign of, [289];
human sacrifices introduced by, [290].
Wu-Yih, the Emperor, blood bag of, [286];
plays dice with god, [286];
Kafir idol-beating, [287];
Egyptian king and, [287], and also note [1].
Yakuts, poor potters but good wood- and iron-workers, [15].
Yamato-Take, Japanese hero, [382];
worship of, [386].
Yang and Yin, [230];
controlled by “Great Bear”, [231];
in Japan, [348].
Yellow River, Paradise reached by, [143].
Yin and Yang (see under [Yang]).
Ymir, Pʼan Ku and, [263].
Yomi, Izanami and Izanagi in, [357];
Indian Yama and, [357];
Japanese Otherworld, [340];
Peach Tree of Life on border of, [380];
Susa-no-wo as lord of, [374].
Yu, the Emperor, [281];
in Deluge myth, [283];
as Pʼan Ku, [284].
Printed and bound in Great Britain