Sailing ships

by E. Keble Chatterton

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIGURE			PAGE
	A Seventeenth-century English Warship	[To face title-page]
	From a painting by Charles Dixon.
	Hay-Barge	[Headpiece to Preface]
	Sketch by N. S. Carr.

[1.]	Burmese Junk	8
[2.]	Norwegian “Jaegt”	13
[3.]	Egyptian Ship of about 6000 B.C.	22
	From an amphora found in Upper Egypt, and now in the British Museum (Painted Pottery of Predynastic Period, Case 5, No. 35324).
[4.]	Egyptian Ship of the Fifth Dynasty	30
	From wall-paintings in the Temple of Deir-el-Bahari.
[5 ]	and [6.] Model of an Egyptian Ship of the Twelfth Dynasty	To face 34
	From a tomb at Rifeh, excavated 1906-7. Photographs by courtesy of Dr. Hoyle, Director of the Manchester Museum, where the model is preserved.
[7.]	Egyptian Ship	To face 40
	From wall-paintings in the Temple of Deir-el-Bahari.
[8.]	An Egyptian Nugger	43
	Sketch by H. Warington Smyth; from his “Mast and Sail,” by courtesy of the author and Mr. John Murray.
[9.]	Phœnician Ship	52
	From a coin of Sidon, c. 450 B.C., in the British Museum. Twice the actual size.
[10.]	Phœnician Ship	54
	From a coin of Sidon, c. 450 B.C., in the Hunterian Collection, Glasgow. Twice the actual size.
[11.]	Greek Ship	58
	From a Bœotian fibula of the eighth century B.C., in the British Museum (First Vase Room, Case D, No. 3204).
[12.]	Greek War Galley	59
	From a vase of about 500 B.C., in the British Museum (Second Vase Room, Table-case H, No. B. 436).
[13.]	Greek Merchantman	61
	From the same vase.
[14.]	Stern of a Greek Ship	64
	From a coin of Phaselis, of about the fifth century B.C., in the British Museum (Greek and Roman Life Room, Case 1, No. 36). Twice the actual size.
[15.]	Boar’s-head Bow of a Greek Ship	64
	From the same coin. Twice the actual size.
[16.]	The Ship of Odysseus	66
	From a Greek vase, c. 500 B.C., in the British Museum (Third Vase Room, Case G, No. E. 440).
[17.]	Terra-cotta Model of a Greek Ship	68
	Model of the sixth century B.C., in the British Museum (Greek and Roman Life Room, Case 53, No. A. 202).
[18.]	A Coin of Apollonia, showing Shape of Anchor	72
	Coin of about 420 B.C., in the British Museum (Greek and Roman Life Room, Case 2, No. 21). Twice the actual size.
[19.]	A Roman Warship	73
	From Lazare de Baïf’s “Annotationes ... de re navali,” Paris, 1536, p. 164.
[20.]	Roman Ship	75
	From the same book, p. 167.
[21.]	Roman Merchant Ships	To face 80
	From a relief, c. 200 A.D.
[22.]	Roman Ship entering Harbour	82
	From an earthenware lamp, c. 200 A.D., in the British Museum (Greek and Roman Life Room, Case 53, No. 518).
[23.]	Fishing-boat in Harbour	83
	From another lamp, as the last.
[24.]	Navis Actuaria	87
	From a recently discovered mosaic at Althiburus, near Tunis; reproduced by kind permission from M. Leroux’ “Monuments et Mémoires,” Paris, 1905.
[25.]	The Viking Boat dug up at Brigg, Lincolnshire	To face 96
	From a photograph, taken during its excavation in 1886, and supplied by Mr. John Scott, of Brigg.
[26.]	Ancient Scandinavian Rock-carving	111
	From Du Chaillu’s “Viking Age,” by courtesy of Mr. John Murray.
[27.]	Viking Ship-form Grave	114
	From the same.
[28.]	The Gogstad Viking Ship	To face 118
	From a photograph by O. Voering, Christiania.
[29.]	The Gogstad Viking Ship	To face 120
	From a photograph by O. Voering, Christiania.
[30.]	Norwegian Ship	120
	From a sketch by H. Warington Smyth, by courtesy of the artist.
[31.]	Russian Ship	121
	As the last.
[32.]	Harold’s Ships; from the Bayeux Tapestry	To face 134
	From a photograph of the replica at South Kensington.
[33.]	William the Conqueror’s Ships; from the Bayeux Tapestry	136
	As the last.
[34.]	Lading Arms and Wine; from the Bayeux Tapestry	138
	As the last.
[35.]	Mediterranean Warship of the Thirteenth Century	142
	From a drawing.
[36.]	A Fourteenth-Century Dromon	144
	From a drawing.
[37.]	Seal of Winchelsea	150
	From the original in the British Museum. Actual size.
[38.]	Seal of Hastings	151
	From the original in the British Museum. Actual size.
[39.]	Thirteenth-century English Ship	To face 152
	From the model by Frank H. Mason, now in the South Kensington Museum.
[40.]	Seal of Dam, West Flanders	155
	From the original in the British Museum. Actual size.
[41.]	Panel of the Shrine of St. Ursula, after Memling (1489)	165
[42.]	Seal of La Rochelle	167
	From the original in the British Museum. Actual size.
[43.]	A Caravel of the End of the Fifteenth Century	To face 178
	From the model by Frank H. Mason, now in the South Kensington Museum.
[44.]	A Fifteenth-century Caravel	To face 180
	From the model in the United Service Museum, Whitehall.
[45.]	Columbus’s Flagship, the Santa Maria	To face 182
	By courtesy of Capt. C. E. Terry, from the model constructed by him.
[46.]	The French Cordelière and the English Regent	To face 184
	From MS. Fr. 1672 in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris; reproduced by courtesy of Prof. W. Bang, Louvain, from the “Enterlude of Youth,” 1905.
[47.]	The Embarkation of Henry VIII. at Dover in 1520	To face 186
	Showing the Henri Grâce à Dieu. Photograph by W. M. Spooner & Co., from the painting by Holbein at Hampton Court Palace.
[48.]	Two of Henry VIII.’s Ships—The Murrian	To face 188
[49.]	Two of Henry VIII.’s Ships—The Struse	To face 188
	From a roll of 1546 in the Pepysian Library, Cambridge, by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Magdalene College.
[50.]	The Ark Royal, Elizabeth’s Flagship. Built in 1587	To face 198
	From a contemporary print in the British Museum.
[51.]	Elizabethan Man-of-war	To face 138
	From F. P. Barnard’s “Companion to English History” (Clarendon Press, 1902).
[52.]	The Spanish Armada coming up Channel	To face 206
	From “The Tapestry Hangings of the House of Lords,” engraved by John Pine, 1739.
[53.]	The Black Pinnesse, which brought Home the Body of Sir P. Sidney	To face 208
	From “Celebritas et Pompa Funeris,” &c., by T. Lant, 1587.
[54.]	A Galleon of the Time of Elizabeth	To face 210
	From a contemporary print in the British Museum.
[55.]	Spanish Galleons	To face 212
	From a print in the British Museum, c. 1560.
[56.]	Spanish Treasure-Frigate of about 1590	To face 214
	From the original drawing by an English spy, by permission of the Records Office.
[57.]	Mediterranean Galley	217
	Sketched from a model in the South Kensington Museum.
[58.]	An Early Seventeenth-century Galley	To face 216
	From Joseph Furttenbach’s “Architectura Navalis,” 1629.
[59.]	A Full-rigged Ship of the Early Seventeenth Century	To face 218
	From the same.
[60.]	The Prince Royal	To face 226
	From the painting at Trinity House, by permission of the Elder Brethren. Block by arrangement with Messrs. Cassell & Co., from Traill and Mann’s “Social England,” iv. 69.
[61.]	The Sovereign of the Seas. Built in 1637	To face 230
	From an engraving in the British Museum.
[62.]	Bomb Ketch	To face 236
	From a print in the United Service Museum, Whitehall.
[63.]	The Royal Charles. Built in 1672	To face 240
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[64.]	A Dutch Man-of-war of about the End of the Seventeenth Century	To face 242
	From the model in the United Service Museum, Whitehall.
[65.]	The Terrible, a Two-decker captured from the French in 1747	To face 244
	From a print in the United Service Museum, Whitehall.
[66.]	H.M.S. Royal George. 100 guns, 2047 tons. Foundered in 1782	To face 246
	From an engraving by T. Baston, in the British Museum.
[67.]	Nelson’s Victory. 2162 tons. Built in 1765	To face 248
	From a photograph by S. Cribb.
[68.]	The Stern of H.M.S. Victory, showing Poop Lanterns	To face 250
	From a photograph by S. Cribb.
[69.]	Corvette, 340 tons, of about 1780	To face 252
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[70.]	The Newcastle, an East Indiaman	To face 258
	Photograph by Hughes & Son, Ltd.
[71.]	Spithead: Boat’s Crew recovering an Anchor	To face 226
	From a photograph by Hanfstaengl of the painting by J. M. W. Turner in the National Gallery.
[72.]	A West Indiaman of 1820	To face 260
	From a print in the British Museum.
[73.]	The Ariel and Taeping, September 1866	To face 266
	From an engraving in the South Kensington Museum.
[74.]	The Iron Clipper Stonehouse. Built in 1866	To face 268
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[75.]	The Iron Barque Macquarie. Built in 1875	To face 270
	Photograph by Hughes & Son, Ltd.
[76.]	The Desdemona. Built in 1875	To face 272
	Photograph by Hughes & Son, Ltd.
[77.]	The Olive Bank. Steel Four-masted Barque. Built in 1892	To face 274
	Photograph by J. Adamson & Son, Rothesay.
[78.]	A Modern Four-masted Barque, and the Mauretania	To face 276
	From a painting by Charles Dixon.
[79.]	The Queen Margaret. Built in 1893	To face 272
	With Fig. 76. Photograph by Hughes & Son, Ltd.
[80.]	A First-rater of 1815, showing Details of Spars and Rigging	To face 280
[81.]	Full-rigged Ship	279
	Sail-plan, with referenced list of names.
[82.]	From “River Scene with Sailing Boats.” By Jan Van der Cappelle	285
	Sketched from the original painting, No. 964 in the National Gallery.
[83.]	A Modern Dutch Schuyt	286
[84.]	“A Fresh Gale at Sea.” By W. Van der Welde	287
	Sketched from the original painting, No. 150 in the National Gallery.
[85.]	“River Scene.” By W. Van der Welde	288
	Sketched from the original painting, No. 978 in the National Gallery.
[86.]	The Bawley	290
[87.]	The Schooner Pinkie (1800-50)	294
[88.]	The Fredonia. Built in 1891	295
[89.]	Gloucester Schooner, A.D. 1901	296
[90.]	Gloucester Schooner, A.D. 1906	297
[91.]	An American Four-masted Schooner	298
	Sketched by H. Warington Smyth; from his “Mast and Sail,” by courtesy of the author and Mr. John Murray.
[92.]	A Barquentine off the South Foreland	299
[93.]	Barquentine with Stuns’ls	300
[94.]	The Fantôme, 18-ton Brig. Launched 1838	To face 298
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[95.]	H.M.S. Martin, Training-Brig. Launched 1836	To face 300
[96.]	A Hermaphrodite Brig	301
[97.]	The Tillikum, Schooner-rigged “Dug-out”	302
[98.]	Lowestoft Drifter	304
[99.]	Thames Barge	305
[100.]	Norfolk Wherry	306
[101.]	Dhow-rigged Yacht	To face 306
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[102.]	Suez Dhows, with a Sibbick Rater	308
	Sketched by H. P. Butler.
[103.]	Mediterranean Felucca	309
	Sketched from the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[104.]	Hailam Junk	311
	Sketched by H. Warington Smyth.
[105.]	Chinese Junk	313
	Sketched from the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[106.]	Blankenberg Boat	314
[107.]	French “Chasse-Marée”	315
[108.]	Scotch “Zulu”	316
[109.]	Penzance Lugger	317
[110.]	Deal Galley Punt	318
[111.]	The Yacht Kestrel. Owned by the Earl of Yarborough	To face 310
[112.]	The Yacht Xarifa. Owned by the Earl of Wilton	To face 312
[113.]	The Schooner Alarm. Rebuilt 1852	To face 314
	Photograph by G. West & Son from a print, by kind permission of the Committee of the Royal Victoria Yacht Club, Ryde.
[114.]	The Oimara. Built in 1867	To face 316
[115.]	The Bloodhound. Built in 1874	To face 316
[116.]	The Schooner-Yacht Sunbeam. Owned by Lord Brassey.	To face 318
	Photograph by West & Son.
[117.]	The Yawl Jullanar. Built in 1875	329
	From the model in the South Kensington Museum.
[118.]	The Satanita. Built in 1893	To face 320
	Photograph by West & Son.
[119.]	King Edward VII.’s Cutter Britannia. Launched 1893	To face 322
	Photograph by S. Cribb.
[120.]	The Valkyrie I. Owned by the Earl of Dunraven	To face 324
	Photograph by West & Son.
[121.]	The Ship-rigged Yacht Valhalla. Built in 1892	To face 326
	Photograph by West & Son.
[122.]	The American Cup Defender Columbia. Launched in 1899	To face 328
	Photograph by West & Son.
[123.]	The Schooner-Yacht Meteor. Owned by H.M. the German Emperor	To face 330
	Photograph by S. Cribb.
[124.]	White Heather II., 23-Mètre Cutter	To face 332
	Photograph by West & Son.
[125.]	Shamrock IV., 23-Mètre Cutter. Launched 1908	To face 334
	Photograph by West & Son.