INDEX

Aaron Manby, the, [132]
A. L. Shotwell, the, [260]
Abell, Prof. W. S., [311]
Aberdeen Line, [216]
Acadia, the, [107]
Admiral de Ruyter, the, [237]
Admiralty, the, mail service and, [105], [110], [114];
use of bulkheads and, [156];
and mail service, [224];
and mails to Channel Islands, [227]
Adriatic, the, [179], [206–7], [208], [303]
African Steamship Co., [216]
Alamo, the, [307]
Alexandra, the, [277]
Allan Line: introduction of turbine into Atlantic service, [190];
foundation of, [216]
Allen, John, method of propelling boats by, [27];
and lifeboats, [254]
America, early steamboats of, [44];
steam navigation in, [60], [63];
development of steam engine in, [88];
river steamers of, [258];
lake steamers of, [264]
American Line, [165], [173], [220]
Amerika, the, [207]
Anchor Line, [216], [220]
Anglia, the, [222]
Arabic, the, [179]
Araguaya, the, [292]
Archimedes, steam power and, [19]
Archimedes, the, [120–1], [123], [124]
Argyle, the, [84]
Arizona, the, [155], [156]
Armstrong, Mitchell & Co., [243]
Asturias, the, [229]
Atalanta, the, [228]
Athena, the, [323]
Atlantic, steamships on, [91], [96];
the Sirius, [96–7];
the Great Western, [97];
early fares, [100];
Liverpool-New York route, [101];
the Royal William, [101–2];
the British Queen, [102];
inauguration of mail service, [105–7];
the Britannia, [107–9];
Collins Line, [118];
the Robert F. Stockton, [119];
Scotia’s record, [129];
Inman Line competition, [148];
Cunard competition, [149];
records of City of Paris, Russia, and City of Brussels, [149];
White Star competition, [154–5];
Britannic’s record, [155];
City of Berlin’s record, [155];
Guion Line competition, [155];
Servia’s record, [157];
records of Umbria and Etruria, [159];
competition of ’eighties, [165];
Majestic’s and Teutonic’s records, [169];
Lucania’s and Campania’s records, [171];
German competition, [173], [179], [180];
Kaiser Wilhelm II.’s record, [180];
Allan Line and turbines, [190];
records of Mauretania and Lusitania, [204];
Royal Line, [217]
Atlantic Transport Line, [220]
Atmospheric engine, invention by Papin of, [22]
Auguste Victoria, the, [295]
Austral, the, [162]
Australia, inauguration of steam service to, [116]
Australian Royal Mail Steam Navigation Co., [131]
“Awning-deck” type, [286]
Ayre, A. L.: “British Shipbuilding,” [313]
Baird, Charles, [86]
“Balanced” rudders, [318]
Ballast, questions of, [315]
Ballin, Herr, [212]
Balmoral Castle, the, [219]
Baltic, the, [167], [193], [194], [207]
Barlow, Joel, association with Fulton, [49]
Beam engine, [36];
development and adaptation, [87];
of American river boats, [262]
Bell, Henry, and Symington, [55];
experiments with paddles: the Comet, [78]
Ben-my-Chree, the, [230]
Berlin, the, [209], [289], [292], [302]
Bernoulli, Daniel, [33]
Bessemer, the, [225]
Bibby Line, [215]
Bilge-keels, of Campania and Lucania, [171];
of Mauretania and Lusitania, [200]
Blackcock, the, [235–6], [237]
Boiler, evolution of, [133];
distilled water and, [136], [167];
“Scotch” type, [151]
Booth Line, [216]
“Boss” of screw shaft, [210]
Boulton and Watt, [35], [43], [59], [60], [75], [84], [88], [89], [94], [95]
Boulton, Matthew, association with Watt, [35]
Bourne, William, “devises” for propelling boats, [15]
Bovic, the, [220]
“Box” boiler, [133]
Branca, Giovanni, discovery of principle of turbine by, [20], [184]
Bridge deck, evolution of, [162], [283];
in tugs, [235], [237]
Britannia, the, [107], [108–9], [298]
Britannia, the (P. & O.), [163]
Britannic, the, [153], [154]
British and Foreign Steam Navigation Co., [227]
British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., [107]
British East India Co., [216]
British Queen, the, [97], [102], [103]
British Queen Steam Navigation Co., [97]
“British shipbuilding,” by A. L. Ayre, [313]
Brown, John, & Co., [319]
Brunel: the Great Western, [97];
the Great Britain, [123];
the Victoria, [131];
Great Eastern, [139]
“Bucket” dredger, [239]
Building of ships, [282], et seq.
Bulkheads, of Scotia, [129], [130];
of Great Eastern, [143];
of Arizona, [155];
Admiralty and, [155–6];
of New York and Philadelphia, [166];
of George Washington, [208];
of Laurentic, [210];
of oil-tankers, [244];
of Commonwealth, [263]
Bulwarks, disappearance of, [152]
Buenos Ayrean, the, [150]
Burns, George, [106]
Bushey, national experimental tank at, [319]
Byrne, St. Clair, [270]
Cables, submarine, laying of, [242–3]
Caird & Co., [218]
Calais-Douvres, the, [225], [226]
Caledonia, the, [84], [107]
Caligula’s galleys, [194], [297]
Cambria, the, [222], [225]
Campania, the, [159], [170], [171], [172], [174], [175], [177]
Camper and Nicholson, [278]
Canadian Northern Railway Co., ships of, [217]
Canadian Pacific Railway, ships of, [220]
Candia, the, [134], [135], [136]
Cantilever-framed ships, [249]
Car of Neptune, the, [76]
Cargo, dangerous, [243], [246]
Carmania, the, [187], [191], [192]
Caronia, the, [191], [192], [306]
Carthaginian, the, [307]
Castalia, the, [225], [226]
Castle Mail Packets Co., [216]
Cedric, the, [178], [179], [289]
Celtic, the, [147], [178], [289]
Cevic, the, [220]
Channel Islands, boat services to, [227]
Charlotte Dundas, the, [46–8], [55], [78], [301]
Chester and Holyhead Railway Co., ships of, [222]
China, the, [150], [294]
“Chronological History of the Origin and Development of Steam Navigation,” by Admiral Preble, [30]
Churchyard, Mr., and mail contract, [224]
City Line, [216]
City of Berlin, the, [155]
City of Brussels, the, [149], [154]
City of Cleveland, the, [264]
City of Dublin Steam Packet Co., [101], [124]
City of Edinburgh, the, [93]
City of Glasgow, the, [147]
City of Manchester, the, [147]
City of New York, the, [165]
City of Paris (1), the, [148], [149], [152], [153], [176]
City of Paris (2), the (Inman), [165], [168], [178]
City of Philadelphia, the, [148]
City of Rome, the, [165], [236]
Clarence, the, [267]
Clermont, the, [48], [60], [63];
engines of, [69];
original drawings for, [69];
first trials of, [69];
trip on Hudson, [70];
at Hudson-Fulton celebrations, [70];
alteration of, [73];
disappearance of, [76];
engines of, [88];
steering methods of, [89];
boilers of, [133], [137], [238], [261], [301]
Clydebank Works, [319]
Clyde, the, [110]
“Clyde Passenger Steamer: Its Rise and Progress during the Nineteenth Century,” by Capt. J. Williamson, [78]
Coal consumption, tests for, [293]
“Coffin-brigs,” [105]
Collier, improvements on, [250]
Collins Line, [118], [173], [216]
Columbia, the, [107]
Comet, the (1), [48];
building, [78];
engines, [79];
commercial failure, [80];
wreck of, [82];
boiler of, [133]
Comet, the, (2), [82]
Commonwealth, the, [261], [262]
Compagnie Transatlantique, [212]
Compound engine, principle of, [117]
Condenser, invention of, [135];
surface, [136], [167];
of Great Eastern, [141]
Continental routes, [223]
Copenhagen, the, [229]
Cornelia, the, [269]
Cranes used in shipbuilding, [289]
Cross-channel service, institution of, [82], [84], [221], et seq.
Cunard Company: foundation of, [106];
early ships of, [107];
monopoly of Atlantic, [118];
adoption of iron, and screw propellers, [128], [145];
Atlantic competition, [149], [156], [170], [178];
use of steel, [156];
use of turbines, [191];
agreement with Government as to Mauretania and Lusitania, [196];
new ships, [212];
Mediterranean service, [220]
Cunard, Samuel, and Royal William, [105];
association with Robert Napier, [106];
tender for steam carriage for mails, [106];
British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., [107];
correspondence with Ross and Primrose, [108]
De Caus, Solomon, [7], [9], [20]
Decks, evolution of, [149], [152];
“turtle,” [153], [158], [168], [172];
“bridge,” [162];
of Lucania, [172];
of Oceanic, [177];
of Carmania, [191];
of George Washington, [208];
of Balmoral Castle, [219];
of turretships, [246];
of American river boats, [259];
of lake steamers, [264];
of yachts, [272];
types of, [283–287];
construction of in liners, [290]
Deck-cargo, dangers of, [315]
Deck tonnage, [312]
Decoration in modern liner, [302]
De Garray, Blasco, early experiments of, [14]
De Jouffroy, Marquis, as first inventor of steamship, [8];
experiments with Watt engine, [33], [40];
second steamboat of, [41], [55]
De Laval, Dr. Gustav, invention of turbine, [184]
Denny, William, [81]
Desblanc, Fulton and, [56];
experiments by, [59]
Deutschland, the, [198], [207], [213]
Dickens, Charles, on Atlantic passage, [298–9], [300]
“Displacement,” definition of, [146]
Donaldson Line, [216]
Dover-Calais route, first steamer on, [223]
Dredgers, variety of, [239]
Dredging of harbours, [211–2]
Dromedary, the, [239], [261]
Dublin Steam Packet Co., [221]
Dundonald, Earl of, [133]
Eastern Navigation Co., [139]
Eclipse, the, [259], [260]
Edinburgh Castle, the, [219]
Edmund Moran, the, [237]
Elbe, the, [174]
Elder & Co., John, [160], [274]
Electric light, first use of on liners, [155]
Electricity, modern service of, [305]
Elizabeth, the, [86]
Ellerman Line, [216]
Emperor of Russia, the, [86]
Empire, the, [261]
Empress, the, [226]
Empress of Britain, the, [220]
English Channel, first steamer crossing, [82]
Enterprise, the, [94]
Eothen, the, [269]
Ericsson, John, screw propeller of, [119]
Etruria, the, [158–9], [161], [165], [212], [235]
Europa, the, [212–3]
Experimental tank, naval architectural, [318];
national at Bushey, [319];
at Clydebank Works, [319];
Norddeutscher Lloyd, [320];
Italian, [320]
Express, the, [225]
Fairy, H.M.S., [210]
Falcon, the, [94]
Fall River Line, the, [262], [304]
Falmouth as mail port, [111]
Faraday, the, [243]
Field, Joshua, [101]
Fire, methods of extinguishing, [304];
causes of, [325];
extinguishers, [325]
Fire Fly (1812), [76]
Fire King, the, [268]
Fire Queens, the, [268]
Fishguard, dredging at, [239]
Fish-tanks on liners, [326]
Fitch, John, association with Rumsey, [44];
first steamboat, [44–5];
dispute with Fulton, [46]
Flush-decked steamship, [137], [283]
Fly-wheel, invention by Watt, [38]
Forth, the, [111]
Francis B. Ogden, the, [119]
Francis Smith, the, [120], [123]
Franconia, the, [212]
Fulton, Robert, centenary, [7];
and Desblanc, [8];
and Rumsey, [44];
versus Fitch, [46];
birth: visit to France: “plunging-boat”: association with Livingston, [48–9];
experiments in Paris, [49];
loss of first boat, [52];
second boat, [54];
the Clermont, [60];
building of Clermont, [63];
experiments on paddle-resistance, [65];
construction of Clermont, [69];
first voyage of Clermont, [70];
betrothal, [71];
death, [76];
Bell’s association with, [78];
schemes for India and Russia, [85];
experiments with model, [120], [259], [261]
Galloway, Elijah, [101]
Gamecock, the, [235]
General Steam Navigation Co., founding of, [93], [216], [223], [224]
George Washington, the, [208], [213], [289], [301]
Georgic, the, [219]
German ship-building, growth of, [173]
Germanic, the, [154]
Girard, Capt. G. B., [235]
Glass, use of for sidelights, [153]
Glowworm, the, [268]
“Grasshopper” engine, [79]
Great Britain, the, [123], [124], [135], [138]
Great Eastern, the, building of, [138];
launch of, [140];
engines of, [141];
speed of, [142];
construction of, [143];
comparison with modern ships, [144], [157], [173], [176], [179], [180], [192], [196], [242], [288]
Great Eastern Railway, boats of, [229]
Great Lake steamers, [264]
Great Western, the, [97], [99], [100], [102], [103], [105], [106], [123], [138], [148]
Great Western Railway, steamers of, [98], [123];
Channel service of, [228];
passenger tender, [238]
Griffiths, Robert, [210]
“Guards” of American paddle-boats, [261], [264]
Guericke, Otto von, discovery of vacuum, [20]
Guest, Montague: “History of Royal Yacht Squadron,” [267]
Guion Line, [155], [156], [212]
Hall, Samuel, [136]
Hamburg-American Line, [207], [212]
Harbour-deck of turret-ship, [246];
of trunk-deck steamer, [248]
Harbours, depth of, [211];
dredging of, [239]
Harland, Sir Edward, [152], [168]
Harland and Wolff, [151], [207], [209], [211], [212], [217], [289], [294], [295]
Harrison Line, [216]
Harwich-Hook of Holland route, [229]
Helen McGregor, the, [128]
Helm, developments of, [90]
Hero (130 B.C.), application of steam power by, [19]
Hesperian, the, [307]
Hibernia, the, [222]
Himalaya, the, [134]
Hindostan, the, [114]
“History of American Steam Navigation,” by J. H. Morrison, [44]
“Hogging,” [98], [102]
Hohenzollern, the, [279]
Holt Line, [220]
Holyhead as port, [221]
Holyhead-Kingstown service, [222]
Horse-power, definition of, [39];
in relation to speed, [67]
Houlder Brothers, [216]
Howden draught system, [209]
Hudson, the, steamers of, [261]
Hudson-Fulton celebrations, [69], [70]
Hulls, Jonathan, inventions of, [29], et seq., [258]
Ice-breakers, [250–1]
India, first steamship voyage to, [94];
first steamships to, [114]
Inez Clarke, [258]
Inland, the, [245], [248]
Inman Line, iron steamers of, [147];
Atlantic competition, [148], [165]
Institution of Naval Architects, [319]
“Intermediate” ships, [178], [220]
Ioland, the, [280]
Irish Channel, steam service across, [221], et seq.
Iron, first use of in masts, [122];
first steamboat of, [124];
general use of, [145];
advantages of, [146]
Isle of Man Steam Packet Co., [230]
Ismay, Mr. T. H., [151]
Ivernia, the, [167], [178], [220]
James Watt, the, [77], [93]
Jenny Lind, the, [268]
John Bowes, the, [242]
Jones, Sir Alfred, [216]
Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, [174], [175], [177], [178], [179], [180], [198], [207], [302], [306]
Kaiser Wilhelm II., the, [149], [162], [179], [180], [198], [207], [209], [306], [326]
Kentucky, the, [107]
Kronprinzessin Victoria, the, [236]
Lady Lansdowne, the, [124]
Laird, John, [124]
Lane, Thomas, association with Fulton, [85]
Launch, conduct of a, [290]
Laura, the, [229]
Laurentic, the, [209], [211], [318]
“Leibnizens und Huygens Briefwechsel mit Papin,” by Dr. Ernst Gerland, [23]
Leinster, the, [222]
Leviathan, the, [240]
Liberty, the, [280], [303]
“Life of Robert Napier,” by James Napier, [78]
Lifeboats, [254–6]
Lifeboats, steam, application of Allen’s principles to, [28]
Lightning, the, first mail steamer, [93]
Liner, inauguration of, [104], et seq.;
transition state of, [145];
luxuries of, [300–4];
navigation safeguards of, [305];
ventilation problems, [327];
commissariat difficulties of, [325]
“Link-motion gear,” [142]
Livadia, the, [274], [276]
Liverpool, first steamship in, [83];
depth of water at, [239]
Liverpool Screw Towing and Lighterage Co., [235]
Livingston, Robert R., association with Fulton, [48–9], [60]
Lloyd’s, committee of inquiry into fires, [324]
Lobnitz & Co., Messrs., [239]
London, the, [162]
London, Brighton and South Coast Railway, boats of, [227]
London, Chatham and Dover Railway, boats of, [223], [224], [226]
London and North Western Railway Co., ships of, [222]
London and South Western Railway, Channel service of, [228], [229]
Lucania, the, [159], [170], [171], [172], [174], [175], [177], [212]
Lusitania, the (Cunard), [8], [60], [103], [107], [138], [146], [173], [180], [192], [194–206], [212], [213], [239], [301], [318]
Lusitania, the (Orient Line), [161]
Lyons, the, [227]
Lysistrata, the, [280]
Macedonia, the, [218]
MacIver, David, [106]
Magnetic, the, [193]
Mails, carriage of Continental, [224]
Mail service to Channel Islands, [227], [228]
Mail steamer, the first, [93]
Mail steamers, first tender for, [105];
early Cunard, [107];
Royal Mail Steam Packet Co.’s first contract and ships, [110–11]
Majestic, the, [149], [168], [178], [179], [194]
Maloja, the, [218]
Malwa, the, [218]
Manby, Aaron, and first iron steamboat, [124], [132]
Mantua, the, [218]
Marconi system, installation on Campania and Lucania, [171]
Marjory, the, [84]
Marmora, the, [218]
Mathesius, steam power and, [19]
Matoppo, the, [323]
Matthews, Capt. B. E., [148]
Maudslay, Joseph, [132];
Great Western engines, [100]
Mauretania, the, [8], [60], [103], [107], [138], [144], [146], [151], [153], [173], [192], [193], [194], [206], [208], [211], [212], [213], [230], [236], [238], [239], [288], [299], [318]
Mechanical propulsion of boats, early forms of, [10], [13], [14], [15], [16], [20], [22];
Earl Stanhope’s scheme, [57];
Elijah Ormsbee’s scheme, [57]
Medina, the, [218]
Medway, the, [242]
Megantic, the, [209]
“Memorials of James Watt,” by Williamson, [83]
Menai, the, [223]
Menai, the (S. Y.), [268]
Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, [240], [241]
Miller, Patrick, first paddle-boat by, [42];
steamboats by, [43]
Milton, the, [323]
Minnehaha, the, [220]
Mississippi, Fulton’s scheme for the, [76];
steamboats of, [258], [259], [260]
Moldavia, the, [218]
Monarch, the, [242]
Mongolia, the, [218]
Monitoria, the, [247]
Monkey forecastle, [283–4]
Mooltan, the, [118], [218]
Morea, the, [218]
Morrison, J. H.: “History of American Steam Navigation,” [44]
“Mould floor,” shipbuilders’, [287]
Munich, the, [229]
Murdoch, William, [132]
Napier, Charles, application of paddle-wheels by, [14];
and first iron steamboat, [124]
Napier, David, experiments in resistance, [81];
the Rob Roy, [81];
and cross-channel packets, [220];
and Comet, [79];
condenser and, [136]
Napier, James: “Life of Robert Napier,” [78]
Napier, Robert, engines for British Queen, [102];
and Samuel Cunard, [106], [107];
and steam yachts, [267]
Natchez, the, [259], [261]
National Line, [151], [212]
Naval Architects, Institution of, [319]
Navigation, modern safeguards, [305]
Nelson Line, [220]
Newcomen, Thomas, steam engine of, [25–7];
improvement of by Watt, [35], [135]
New England Navigation Co., [262]
Newhaven-Dieppe route, [227]
New York, the, [165], [220]
New York harbour, dredging of, [212];
tugs of, [237]
New Zealand Commission on causes of fire, [325]
Niagara II., the, [311]
Noah’s Ark, compared with Baltic, [193]
Norddeutscher Lloyd, growth of, [174], [208], [209]
North German Lloyd, [174], [216], [220]
Northern Yacht Club, and steam yachts, [267]
Notre Dame des Dunes, the, [253]
Novelty, the, [121]
Ocean, the (tug), [236]
Oceanic, the (1), [138], [151–5], [168], [299], [300]
Oceanic, the (2), [176], [179], [180], [215]
Ohio, steamers of the, [258]
Oil-lamps, first use of, [153]
“Oil-tanker,” the, [243]
Olympic, the, [207], [211]
Ophir, the, [169]
Oregon, the, [156]
Orient, the, [161], [162]
Orient Line, foundation of, [161]
Ormsbee, Elijah, [57], [59]
Orontes, the, [252]
Oscillating engine, principle of, [132];
of Great Eastern, [141];
of Leinster, [222]
“Overland” route, [115]
Owen, Commander W. H., [323]
Pacific, the, [133]
Pacific Steam Navigation Co., establishment of, [113], [151], [161]
Paddle-wheels, Roman use of, [13];
on frigate Galatea, [14];
early application of, [16–17];
early forms of, [22];
de Jouffroy’s, [41];
Patrick Miller’s, [42];
Symington’s, [43];
Fitch’s, [45];
of Charlotte Dundas, [47];
Fulton’s, [49];
Fulton’s experiments on resistance of, [65];
of Clermont, [72–4];
Bell’s experiments, [78];
of Comet, [79];
on early steamboats, [86];
of Prinzessin Charlotte, [89];
of Savannah, [91];
“cycloidal” type of Great Western, [100];
of Britannia, [109];
of Scotia, [129], [130];
in tugs, [239];
of Great Eastern, [141];
stern, [258];
American “guard” system, [261];
of Commonwealth, [263];
first fitted to yacht, [268]
Panama Canal, [114]
Pancirolli, Guido: “History of Many Memorable Things Lost, &c.,” [16]
Papin, Denis, [7], [9], [10];
invention of steam engine, [21];
first steamboat, [22];
safety valve of, [23];
correspondence with Leibnitz, [23–4]
Paragon, the, [76]
Paris, the, [166]
Parsons, Hon. C. A., invention of turbine, [184]
Parsons turbine for yachts, [274]
Peluse, the, [239], [240]
Peninsular and Oriental Co., establishment and first ships of, [114];
“overland” route to India, [115];
Australian service, [116];
influence of Suez Canal on, [117];
the Mooltan, [118], [161], [163];
and Lund Line, [216];
recent ships of, [218]
Penn, John, [133]
Périer, experiment with a Watt engine, [33], [40];
association with Fulton, [50], [54], [56]
Persia, the, [129], [147]
Philadelphia, the, [165], [220], [295]
Phœbus, the, [244]
Phœnix, the, [76]
Pirrie, Lord, [217]
“Plunging-boat,” Fulton’s, [48]
Pool Zee, the, [236]
Popoff, Admiral, [276]
Post Office mail packets, [224]
Preble, Admiral, on Hulls’ experiments, [30];
on American and English engines, [88]
Prince Robert of Hesse, paddle-wheel boat of, [22]
Princess Mary, the, [224]
Princess Maud, the, [224]
Prinzessin Charlotte, the, [89]
Priscilla, the, [262]
Propeller, problems connected with, [309–10];
inward v. outward turning, [311];
effect on steering, [317]
Providence, the, [262]
Pulitzer, Mr., [303]
Puritan, the, [262]
Quadruple-expansion engines, [166], [178]
Queen, the, [230]
Queen Victoria, yachts in honour of, [268]
Randolph Elder & Co., [116]
Reciprocating engine, Watt’s invention of “double action” for, [38];
difficulties of, [209];
of Laurentic, [210]
Red Star Line, [150]
Reed, Sir Edward, [319]
Rennie & Sons, Messrs. J. T., [216]
Repairs, curious, [294–6], [323]
Resistance, Fulton’s experiments, [65];
recent experiments, [66];
varieties of, [67];
D. Napier’s experiments in, [81];
John Scott Russell and, [130–1];
speed and, [176];
experiments in, [321–2]
Richmond, the, [76]
Robert G. Lee, the, [261]
Robert F. Stockton, the, [119], [124]
Rob Roy, the, [81], [221], [223], [224]
Rogers, Moses, [91]
Roode Zee, the, [236]
Ropner & Sons, Messrs., [248]
Rotary engine, Watt’s, [37]
Royal Commission on Tonnage, [313]
Royal Edward, the, [217]
Royal George, the, [217]
Royal Line, [217], [220]
Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., first contract for mails, [110];
the Teviot and Clyde, [110–11];
Forth and Thames, launch of, [111];
removal to Southampton;
extension to South America, [112];
the Trent, [113]
Royal William, the (American), [95], [103], [105], [221]
Royal William, the (2) (1838), [101]
Royal yachts, [277–8]
Royal Yacht Squadron and steam yachts, [266–9]
Rubie, John, [89]
Ruby, the, engines of, [94]
Rudder, balanced type of, [201];
bow-, [231];
of “bucket” dredgers, [240];
action of, [317];
types of, [318];
loss of, [323]
Rumsey, James, method of propelling boats of, [28];
experiments by, [44];
association with Fulton and Fitch, [44], [254]
Russia, introduction of steamships into, [85]
Russia, the, [149], [150]
Russell, Scott, on Hulls’ experiments, [31];
and “resistance,” [130–1], [137];
and Great Eastern, [139], [319]
St. Paul, the, [220]
St. Petersburg, the, [229]
St. Louis, the, [220]
Safety-valve, discovery by Papin of, [23]
“Sagging,” [99], [102]
Sagitta, the, [278]
Sailing ship, limitations of, [5]
Saloon, position of, [152];
fittings of, [153];
of modern liners, [300], [302]
Sardinia, the, [327]
Savannah, the, [91]
Savery, Thomas, inventions of, [24–5];
“horse-power” calculations of, [39]
Saxonia, the, [178], [220]
Scot, the, [295]
“Scotch” boiler, [151]
Scotia, the, [129]
Scotia, the (Holyhead), [222]
Screw, first use of by J. Stevens, [63]
“Screw-port,” introduction of, [169];
of Mauretania, [201]
Screw propeller, development of, [119];
Ericsson’s, [119];
Francis Smith’s, [120];
effect on ship-designing, [122];
“slip” and “pitch” of, [122–3];
“racing,” [129];
of Victoria, [131];
spur-gearing for shafts, [135];
of Great Eastern, [142];
twin-screws, [165];
“overlapping” of twins, [169];
of Ophir, [169];
of Campania, [171];
in relation to turbine, [190];
of Mauretania, [201], [203];
of Laurentic, [210];
adaptation to lifeboats and fire-floats, [256];
for yacht, [269]
Sea Serpent, the, [268]
Servia, the, [150], [156]
Seventeenth century, scientific discoveries of, [20]
“Shade-decker” type, [287]
Shaft, fractured, [323]
Ship architecture, problems of, [319]
Side-lever engine, development of, [88];
of Britannia, [109];
improvements of, [127];
of Helen McGregor, [128];
of Scotia, [130];
first applied to yachts, [268]
Silverlip, the, [245]
Silvertown, the, [243]
Sir Francis Drake, the, [238]
Sirius, the, [96], [97], [100], [101], [105], [193]
Slavonia, the, [212]
“Slip” of propeller, [122], [310]
Smit & Co., Messrs. L., [236]
Smith, Assheton, and steam yachts, [266–8]
Smith, Francis, screw-propeller of, [120]
Somerset, Edward (see [Worcester, Marquis of])
South America, establishment of Royal Mail service to, [112]
South Eastern Railway, [223];
boats of, [224]
Southampton, as headquarters of Royal Mail Co., [112];
-Havre route, [227];
dredging at, [239]
South of England Steam Navigation Co., [227]
South Western Steam Packet Co., [228]
“Spar-deck” type, [285]
Speed, appreciation of, [181], [213]
Sponsons, arrangement of, [261]
Spur-gearing, [135]
Stability, problems of, [315–6]
Stanhope, Earl of, Fulton and, [56];
experiments of, [57], [59]
Steam power, problems concerning, [3];
evolution of, [18];
application of by Hero, Archimedes and Mathesius, [19];
Solomon de Caus’ and Giovanni Branca’s discoveries, [20];
Denis Papin’s invention, [21–4];
Savery’s inventions, [24–5];
Newcomen’s engine, [25–7];
Jonathan Hulls’ tow-boats, [29];
Watt’s engine, [34–8];
Symington’s engine, [43];
Fitch’s development in America, [44–5];
improvements on Charlotte Dundas, [47];
Fulton’s experiments, [49], et seq.;
the Stevens’s boats, [63];
development in America, [76];
“Grasshopper” type of engine, [79];
side-beam engine, [88];
American and English engines, [88];
improvements in engines, [94];
the compound engine, [116];
oscillating engine, [132];
vertical trunk engine, [134];
condenser, [135], [136], [167];
steering gear, [144];
triple-expansion engines, [166–7];
quadruple-expansion engines, [178];
turbine engines, [184];
beam engines of American river boats, [262];
applied to yachts, [268]
Steel, first ship of, [150];
development of, [156];
advantage of, [157]
Steeple engines, [269]
Steering gear, steam, of Great Eastern, [143];
principle of, [144]
Steering-wheel, development of, [89]
Stella, the, [228]
Stephenson, George, [221]
Stern, height of, [153], [172], [201]
Stern-wheel boats, invention by Robert Stevens of, [63], [258]
Stettin Vulcan Co., [174]
Stevens, John, stern-wheel steamer of, [63];
proposal from Fulton to, [64];
the Phœnix, [76], [118]
Stevens, Robert, invention of tubular boilers by: first screw-steamer of, [63]
Stone-Lloyd water-tight doors, [191]
Strain, [98], [99], [126];
minimised by length, [139];
effect of iron and wood in, [146–7]
Submarine signalling, [172];
on Great Eastern boats, [229];
methods of, [305]
Subsidy, Cunard Co.’s first, [106];
Royal Mail Steam Packet Co.’s first, [112];
reduction of, [113];
for Mauretania and Lusitania, [198]
“Suction” dredger, [239], [240]
Suevic, the, [295]
Suez Canal, [115], [116], [117];
limitations imposed by, [215]
“Sun-and-planet” gear, [37], [47]
Sunbeam, the, [270]
Sutcliffe, Mrs., on Fulton, [50], [61]
Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson, [212]
Symington, William, engine for Miller’s boat by, [43];
the Charlotte Dundas, [46]
Talbot, the, [221]
Taylor, James, [42]
Taylor, Naval Constructor D. W., experiments in resistance by, [67]
Telegraph ships, [242–3]
Telephone, use of on Balmoral Castle, [219];
installation on liners of, [305]
Teutonic, the, [168], [179]
Teviot, the, [110]
Thames, first steamship on the, [83]
Thames, the, [84], [111]
Thompson, George, & Co., [216]
“Three-island” type, [283]
Titanic, the, [207], [211], [289]
Tonnage, of “turret-ships,” [247];
measurements of, [312];
Royal Commission on, [313];
anomalies of, [313–4]
“Tonnage-deck,” [312]
Tonquin, the (ex City of Paris), [149]
“Topgallant” forecastle, [284]
Torricelli, Evangelista, discovery of weight of atmosphere, [20]
Towing, feats of, [236–7]
Train-ferries, [251]
Tramp steamer, the, [250]
Trawlers, steam, [252]
Trent, the, Slidell and Mason incident, [113]
Triad, the, [270], [278], [279]
Trial trip, how carried out, [292], [293]
Triple-expansion engines, principle of, [117], [166]
“Trunk-deck” steamer, [248]
Tubular boiler, [133]
Tugs, variety of, [234];
“Cock” type, [235];
Dutch, [236];
salvage, [237];
New York Harbour, [237];
as passenger tenders, [238];
paddle-wheel, [239];
as trawlers, [252]
Turbine, Giovanni Branca and, [20];
importance of, [183];
invention of, [184];
Parsons system of, [186];
the Carmania’s, [187];
faults of, [188];
the Vespasian experiment, [189];
of Virginian and Victorian, [190];
of Carmania, [192];
of Mauretania and Lusitania, [197], [201];
low-pressure of Laurentic, [210];
on cross-channel boats, [226];
on Great Eastern Railway Co.’s boats, [230];
on Isle of Man boats, [230];
reliability of, [230];
on yachts, [274]
Turbinia, the, [187]
Turret-ships, [245];
comparison with “whale-back,” [265]
Turtle decks of Oceanic, [153];
of Umbria, [158];
of Victoria, [163];
of Majestic, [168]
Twain, Mark, on Mississippi steamers, [259], [260]
Twin-screw, evolution of, [163];
introduction of “overlapping,” [169];
of the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, [175];
of Adriatic, [207];
influence of on steering capacity, [318]
Twin-ships, [225]
Types of steamships, [283–7]
Umbria, the, [158–9], [161], [162], [163], [165], [212]
Union-Castle Line, [216];
ships of, [219]
Union Line, [216]
Vanadis, the, [280]
Ventilation, methods of, [327]
Veranda café of Lusitania, [301]
Vertical trunk engine, [134]
Vespasian, the, [189]
Victoria, the, [131]
Victoria, the (P. & O.), [163]
Victoria and Albert, the, [277]
Victorian, the, [190]
Vigilant, the, [241]
Virginian, the, [190], [191]
Vulcan Yards, Hamburg, [212]
Waesland (ex Russia), [150]
Wakiva, the, [280–1]
Waratah, the, [182]
Water-ballast, tanks of cantilever-framed ships, [249];
for yachts, [274];
tanks for, [315]
Water-tight doors of Oceanic, [153];
Stone-Lloyd system, [191]
Watson, G. L., [270]
Watt, James, [33];
early engine of, [34];
association with Boulton, [35];
beam engine, [36];
“sun-and-planet” gear, [37];
rotary engine, [37];
invention of fly-wheel, [38];
“horse-power” calculations of, [39];
anecdote of, [82];
invention of condenser, [135], [136]
Watt, James, & Co., [140]
Watt, James, Junr., and steamships, [84]
Wave-line theory, [131], [133]
Waves, action of, [98]
“Well-deck” type, [284–5]
West Indies, inauguration of mail service to, [110]
Weymouth and Channel Islands Steam Packet Co., [228]
“Whale-back” steamer, [265]
White, Sir William H., [197], [203]
White Star Line, first steamships of, [151];
Atlantic competition, [151–5], [168];
“intermediate” ships of, [178];
recent ships, [193–4], [206–7], [209], [211];
sailing ships of, [215];
freight and live-stock steamers, [219]
Wigram and Green, [93]
William Facwett, the, [114]
Williams and Guion, [155], [212]
Williamson, Capt. J.: “The Clyde Passenger Steamer: Its Rise and Progress during the Nineteenth Century,” [78]
Williamson’s “Memorials of James Watt,” [83]
Wilson, Thomas, & Sons, [216]
Wireless telegraphy on Campania and Lucania, [171];
on P. & O. ships, [218];
on cross-channel boats, [226];
usefulness of, [229];
on yachts, [271];
on liners, [306];
instances of utility of, [307–8]
Wittekind, the, [295]
Wood, John, & Co., and the Comet, [78]
Worcester, Marquis of, [9], [10], [18], [20]
Yacht, the steam, Royal Yacht Squadron and, [266–8];
Northern Yacht Club and, [267];
Robert Napier and, [267];
development of, [269];
the Sunbeam, [270];
lines of, [270];
decks of, [272];
fittings of, [273];
engines and ballast, [274];
Royal, [277–8];
the Sagitta, [278];
the Triad, [278–9];
noted yachts, [280–1]
Ymuiden Tug Company, [237]
Zwarte Zee, the, [236]

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