SUBJECT INDEX

Notes: Phrases consisting of an adjective and a noun, or of a noun and a noun, are entered in their alphabetical place according to the first word. For example, “electrostatic storage tube” is under e, and “punch card” is under p.

A field, [99]
A tape, [82-3]
abacus, [17-9], [133], [220]
abax (Greek), [18]
absolute value, [101], [222]
accumulator, [115-6]
accumulator decade, [118]
accuracy, [67], [89]
acetylcholine, [3]
add output, [120]
addend, [223]
adder, [77]
adder mechanism, [77-8]
adding, [24-5], [27], [37], [55], [100], [119], [139]
addition circuit, [37]
Aiken Mark I Calculator, [10], [89-112], [245-6];
see also Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator
Aiken Mark II Relay Calculator, [176-8], [249]
Aiken Mark III Electronic Calculator, [177]
air resistance coefficient, [80-2]
algebra of logic, [26], [36], [56-62], [105], [140], [151-2], [164], [ 221-3], [248]
algebraic equations, machines for solving, [244]
all-or-none response, [3]
alphabet, [14]
alphabetic coding, [13], [54]
alphabetic punching, [46]
alphabetic writing, [13]
amplify, [73]
analogous, [65]
analogue, [65]
analogue machines (machines that handle information expressed as measurements), [65];
MIT Differential Analyzer No. 2, [65-88];
references, [239-45]
analytical engine, [90]
analyzer, [68], [241-4];
see also differential analyzer
and, [146-8]
and/or, [149]
angle-indicator, [74-5]
animal thinking, [4], [8], [188]
annuities, [88]
antecedent, [158]
antilogarithm, [139], [226]
antitangent, [139], [226]
approximation, [220];
see also rapid approximation
aptitude testing, [190]
argument (in a mathematical table or function), [96], [103-4], [122], [136], [224]
arithmetical operations, [55-6], [173]
armor with a motor, [180], [195]
array, [173], [227]
Atomic Energy Commission, [203], [208]
attitudes, [205]
augend, [223]
aut (Latin), [149]
automatic address-book, [181]
automatic carriage, [53]
“Automatic Computing Machinery”
(section in Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation), [177]
automatic control: house-furnace, [189];
lawn-mower, [188];
tractor-plow, [188];
weather, [189]
automatic cook, [181]
automatic factory, [189]
automatic library, [9], [181]
automatic machinery, [182]
automatic pilot, [189]
automatic recognizer, [186-7]
automatic sequence-controlled calculator, [90];
see also Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator
automatic stenographer, [185]
automatic switching circuits, [248]
automatic translator, [182]
automatic typist, [182], [184]
axon, [3]
B field, [99]
B tape, [82-3]
Ballistic Research Laboratories, [1], [113-5], [127-8], [132], [142]
base e, [226]
base [10], [226]
beam of electrons, [172]
behavior, [4], [7-8], [29]
Bell Telephone Laboratories, [4-5], [128-43], [247-8]
Bell Telephone Laboratories’ general-purpose relay computer, [128-43], [247-8];
cost, [142];
reliability, [141];
speed, [142]
Bessel functions, [111], [226]
Binac, [179]
binary coding, [11], [13]
binary digit, [14]
binary numbers, [14], [216-9]
biophysics, [230]
biquinary numbers, [133], [219-20]
blocks of arguments, [137]
Boolean algebra, [152], [248];
see also mathematical logic
both, [149]
bowwow theory, [12]
brain evolution, [229]
brain with a motor, [180], [195]
BTL frames, [138-9]
bus, [32], [119]
button, [91], [94]
C field, [99]
C tape, [82-3]
calcis (Latin), [18]
calculating punch, [47], [51-2], [235]
calculator frames, [138]
calculator programmed by punch cards, [236]
cam, [94-5]
cam contact, [91], [94-5]
capacitance, [117]
capacitor, [117]
capacity: counter, [59];
selecting, [59]
carbon dioxide, [190]
card channel, [47], [52]
card column, [48]
card feed, [48], [91]
card punch, [91], [97]
card reader, [116], [118]
card sorter, [96]
card stacker, [48]
card station, [47]
Carnegie Institution of Washington, [113]
carry impulse, [118]
cell nucleus, [2-3]
census, [43], [53]
channel, [47], [52], [170]
characteristic of a logarithm, [107]
check counter, [105]
check-marks, [151]
checking, [105], [110], [179], [227]
chess game, [117]
chestnut blight, [201]
chortle, [12]
class selector, [59]
clearing, [100]
codes, [29], [54], [96], [99]
coding, [30], [130], [252-3]
coding line, [99]
column (in a punch card), [45]
connective, [148], [158-9]
connective grouping, [159]
collating, [51], [173]
collator, [47], [51], [235]
collator counting device, [51], [235]
combining information, [15]
combining operations, [173]
Common, [59-60]
comparer, [57-8]
comparing, [50], [57-8]
complement, [55];
see also nines complement, ones complement, tens complement
Complex Computer, [129-30]
complex numbers, [128-9]
computer, [6], [27]
Computer 1 and Computer 2, [132], [138]
conflicts between statements, [149-50]
consequent, [158]
constant, [224]
constant ratio, [77]
constant register, [96], [99]
constant switch, [99]
Constant Transmitter, [116], [118]
consulting a table, [103], [122]
convergent, [221]
Converter, [115]
context, [144]
continuous annuities, [88]
continuous contingent insurances, [88]
continuously running gear, [93]
control, [6], [28], [90-1]
control brushes, [51-2]
control frames, [138-9]
Control Instrument Company, [43]
control over robot machines, [196-208]
control tape, [28]
controversy, [197]
cosine, [75], [85], [139], [226]
cost of mechanical brains, [87], [109], [126], [142], [165], [168]
counter, [52], [74], [93-4]
counter position, [93]
counter wheel, [93], [118]
counting, [55]
coupling (numbers), [106]
cube, [105], [224]
Current (input of comparer), [57]
cycle, [29], [45]
Cycling Unit, [115-6]
Cypriote, [13]
Dartmouth College, [131]
decade, [118]
decimal digit, [11], [14]
decimal position, [118]
deciphering, [184], [188]
decoding, [184], [188]
definite integral, [111], [225]
delay lines, [17], [20], [171-2]
dendrite, [3]
denial, [147]
dependent variable, [81], [224]
derivative, [68-71], [225]
design of mechanical brains, [167-79], [251]
desk calculating machines, [4], [11], [17], [19]
detail cards, [50]
dial switch, [92], [95-6]
dial telephone, [17], [19], [128]
differences, [110], [227]
differential, [68], [70], [78]
differential analyzer, [68], [72-88], [239-41]
Differential Analyzer No. 2, [65-88];
accuracy, [86];
cost, [87];
reliability, [87];
speed, [87]
differential equation, [68-9], [71], [111], [141], [225-6]
differential function, [70]
differential gear assembly, [78]
digit, [11], [14]
Digit Pickup, [60]
digit selector, [60]
digit tray, [119]
digit trunk lines, [119]
digit trunks, [119]
digital machines
(machines that handle information expressed as digits or letters):
Bell Laboratories’ general-purpose relay calculator, [128-43];
Eniac, [113-27];
Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator, [89-112];
punch-card calculating machinery, [42-64];
references, [232-9], [245-55]
directions, [24]
disc, [78-80]
discrimination, [140]
discriminator, [140-1]
distance, [68-9]
distinguishing A and H, [184]
dividend, [103], [223]
Divider-Square-Rooter, [115-7]
dividing, [55-6], [98], [102], [121], [140]
divisor counter, [102]
doorpost, [65-6]
doubling, [76-7], [100]
doubling mechanism, [76-7]
drafting rules, [149]
drag coefficient, [80]
drive, [86]
Dry Ice, [190]
echo, [171]
Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation, [179], [250]
economic relations, [194]
Edsac, [249]
“educated” machine, [101]
Edvac, [177], [249]
Egyptian, [12]
either, [149]
electric charge, [172]
electric remote-control accounting, [250]
electric typewriter, [91], [97], [236]
electromagnet, [168]
Electronic Binary Automatic Computer, [179]
electronic calculating punch, [236]
Electronic Control Company, [250]
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (Eniac), [113-27], [246-7];
see also Eniac
electronic tubes, [17], [20-1], [178-9];
Cathode, [21];
Grid, [21];
Plate, [21]
electrostatic storage tube, [17], [20], [172]
11 position, [45]
11 punch, [58]
else, [146-7]
end-around-carry, [95], [217], [223]
engine, [90]
Eniac, [113-27], [246-7];
cost, [126];
panels, [115];
reliability, [126];
speed, [125];
unbalance, [124]
“enough alike,” [184]
Equal (output of sequencer), [61-2]
equation, [68], [225]
equivalent, [14]
erase key, [134]
Etruscan, [188]
explanation, [209-13]
explicit equation, [86]
exponential, [85], [106], [225-6]
extraction, [222]
falsity, [147]
farad, [117]
fingers, [16], [18]
fire-control instrument, [17], [19], [67], [131]
5 impulse, [56]
flights, [70]
flip-flop, [119]
following logically, [145]
form feeding device, [236]
formal logic, [152]
formula, [68], [70], [224]
Frankenstein’s monster, [198]
function, [68], [70], [81], [103], [116], [118], [224]
function table, [80-1], [116], [118]
gang punching, [50]
gearbox, [77-8]
General Electric A.C. Network Analyzer, [243]
General Electric Company, [243]
geographic code, [54]
giant brain, [1], [5-8]
globe, [65-6]
graph, [81]
great circle, [69]
greater-than, [25-7], [37], [222]
greater-than circuit, [37]
Greek letters, [120]
guided missile, [197], [206]
gun, [69]
hail storm, [190]
hand perforator, [132], [134]
handling information, [10-18]
harmonic analyzers, [241-2]
harmonic synthesizers, [241-2]
Harvard Computation Laboratory, [89], [176-7], [245], [249]
Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator (Mark I), [10], [89-112], [245-6];
cost, [109];
efficiency, [111];
reliability, [110];
speed, [109]
Harvard Sequence-Controlled Electronic Calculator (Mark III), [177]
Harvard Sequence-Controlled Relay Calculator (Mark II), [176-8], [249]
Harvard University, [1], [4], [8], [89], [176-7], [245], [249]
hatred, [206]
hoppers, [51]
hub, [46], [98]
human brain, [2-4], [16], [229]
humidity, [63]
IBM (International Business Machines), [43-64], [89-90], [177], [233-9], [249-50]
IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator, [10], [89-112], [245-6];
see also Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator
IBM card-programmed calculator, [236]
IBM pluggable sequence relay calculator, [236]
IBM punch-card machinery, [43-64], [233-9]
IBM Selective-Sequence Electronic Calculator, [177-9], [249]
ideographic writing, [12]
if, [146-7]
if ... then, [149]
ignorance, [205]
illness, [191-2]
imitative scheme, [12]
in-code, [99]
in-field, [99]
independent variable, [81], [224]
infinity, [86], [133], [212], [225]
information, [10]
initial conditions, [83], [225]
Initiating Unit, [115-6]
input, [6], [90-1]
input devices, [175], [251-2]
input register, [27]
instantaneous rate of change, [70-1]
Institute of Advanced Study, [124]
instructions, [28], [83], [97], [178-9]
insurance company, [42]
insurance policies, [42]
insurance values, [88]
integral, [68], [71-2], [225]
integral sign, [85], [225]
integrating, [71-2], [78]
integrator, [78-80]
integrator mechanism, [78-9]
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), [43];
see IBM
International Hydrographic Bureau, [242]
International Phonetic Alphabet, [13]
interpolating, [131], [221]
interposing, [102]
interpreter, [47], [49], [235]
interpreting, [49]
interval, [68], [70]
intuitive thinking, [8]
inverse, [71]
judgments, [191]
Kalin-Burkhart Logical-Truth Calculator, [144-66], [248];
cost, [165];
reliability, [166];
speed, [166]
key punch, [47-8], [96], [235]
keyboard, [48]
knots, [17]
language of logic, [56-62], [105], [140];
see also mathematical logic
languages, [10-21], [231]
latch relay, [40-1]
left-hand components, [56], [121], [215]
library, [9], [181]
Library of Congress, [15]
lie detector, [192]
line of coding, [99]
linear, [224-5]
linear interpolation, [221]
linear simultaneous equations, [141], [225]
lobe, [94-5]
logarithm, [67], [85], [106-8], [139], [225]
Logarithm-In-Out counter, [107]
logic, [144];
see also mathematical logic
logical choice, [4];
see also mathematical logic
logical connective, [148], [222]
logical operations, [56-62], [173]
logical pattern, [145-6]
logical truth, [144-56], [166]
Logical-Truth Calculator, [144-66];
see Kalin-Burkhart Logical-Truth Calculator
loopholes, [149]
Low Primary (output of sequencer), [61-2]
Low Secondary (output of sequencer), [61-2]
Lower Brushes, [52]
loxodrome, [69-70]
machine call number, [99]
machine cycle, [56]
machine language, [29], [99], [175], [191]
machines as a language for thinking, [19-20];
references, [231-2]
machines involving voice and speech, [185-6], [254]
magnetic surfaces, [17], [20], [168-70], [179]
magnetic tape, [169-70], [179]
magnetic wire, [168]
magnetized spot, [168-70]
main connective, [160]
many-wire cable, [50]
Mark I (Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator), [10], [89-112], [245-6];
see also Harvard IBM Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator
Mark II (Harvard Sequence-Controlled Relay Calculator), [176-8], [249]
Mark III (Harvard Sequence-Controlled Electronic Calculator), [177]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, [1], [20], [65], [72-88], [153]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Differential Analyzer No. 2, [65-88];
accuracy, [86];
cost, [87];
reliability, [87];
speed, [87]
master card, [50]
Master Programmer, [115-6]
matching, [173]
mathematical biophysics, [230]
mathematical logic, [26], [36], [56-62], [105], [140], [151-2], [164], [221-3], [248]
matrices, [173], [227]
matrix, [173], [227]
meanings, [209], [231]
measurements, [65-6], [68]
mechanical brain, [1], [5-8], [20];
crucial devices for, [20]
mechanical brains under construction, [176-9]
memory, [27], [90-1]
mentality, [24], [27]
mercury tank, [171], [179]
merging, [173]
metal fingers, [135]
mica, [172]
microphone, [185]
mimeograph stencil, [16]
Minoan, [188]
miscellaneous field, [99]
mistake, [134]
Moore School of Electrical Engineering, [7], [113-27], [177], [249]
multiplicand, [223]
multiplicand counter, [101]
multiplication schemes, [214-6]
multiplier, [115-6]
multiplier counter, [101]
multiply-divide unit, [103]
multiplying, [55-6], [101], [121], [140]
multiplying punch, [47], [52], [235]
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, [128], [132]
Naval Proving Ground, [177]
negation, [24-5], [27], [34-6]
negation circuit, [36]
negative, [147]
negative digit, [215]
neon bulb, [119]
nerve, [2-4]
nerve cell, [2], [3], [16]
nerve fiber, [2], [3]
nerve networks, [230]
nervous system, [188]
network analyzers, [242-4]
neurosis, [191]
nine-pulses, [120-1]
nines complement, [95], [121], [223]
No X, [59]
Northrop Aircraft, Inc., [179]
not, [146-8]
numeric coding, [13], [54]
numerical X position, [45]
numerical Y position, [45]
occupation code, [54]
octal notation, [179], [219]
ohm, [117]
Ojibwa, [12]
ones complement, [217]
only, [146-7]
operation code, [103]
operations with numbers, [24-7]
or, [146-9]
organization of digital machines, [251]
out-code, [99]
out-field, [99]
output, [6], [90-1], [251-2]
output devices, [176], [251-2]
output register, [27]
paper channel, [52]
partial differential equations, [87]
partial products, [115], [214]
Pearl Assurance Company, [88]
pebbles, [17-8]
pen with a motor, [180], [195]
permanent table frames, [138-9]
personal income tax, [141]
phonetic writing, [13]
phonograph, [15-6]
phonographic writing, [13]
phototube, [81-2], [183-4]
physical equipment for handling information, [11], [15-21], [91]
physical problems, [69-72]
physical quantities, [67-9]
pictographic writing, [12]
plugboard, [46], [98]
plug-in units, [117-8]
point of view, [207]
pooh-pooh theory, [12]
position (in a punch card), [45]
position frames, [138-9]
power, [43], [65], [133], [216], [224]
prejudice, [205]
Previous (input of comparer), [57]
Primary (input of sequencer), [61-2]
Primary Brushes, [51], [62]
Primary Feed, [51], [61]
Primary Sequence Brushes, [51]
printer, [137]
printer frames, [138]
problem frames, [138]
problem position, [132], [135]
problem tape, [134]
processor, [132], [134], [175]
product, [70], [102], [223]
product counter, [102]
production scheduling, [193]
program, [122], [173], [252-3]
program-control switch, [123]
program pulse, [122]
program-pulse input terminal, [123]
program register, [38]
program tape, [28-9]
program trays, [119]
program trunk lines, [119]
programming method of von Neumann, [124]
pronoun, [223]
psychological testing, [190]
psychological trainer, [191-2]
pulses, [120], [171]
punch card, [17], [44-5], [95], [97]
punch-card column, [45]
punch-card machinery, [17], [20], [42-64], [232-9];
cost, [63];
reliability, [63-4];
speed, [62-3]
punch feed, [51-2]
punched paper tape, [17], [23], [82], [95]
punching channel, [50]
punching dies, [48], [51-2]
pyramid circuit, [39]
quantity of information, [11], [14-15]
quartz, [171]
quotient, [98], [103]
R.U.R., [199]
radar, [183]
railroad line, [6], [119]
rapid approximation, [106-8], [220-1]
rate of change, [68], [70-1]
ratio, [77], [83]
Raytheon Computer, [250]
reading, [57]
reading brushes, [51-2]
reading channel, [50]
reading of punch cards, [44]
reasoning, [144]
rebus-writing, [13]
reciprocal, [85], [224]
recognizing, [8], [182-5]
recorder, [132], [137]
rectifier, [32]
referent, [12]
register, [27]
reject, [49]
relay, [17], [20-1], [23], [92], [129], [133], [178];
Common, [21];
Ground, [21];
Normally Closed, [21];
Normally Open, [21];
Pickup, [21]
release key, [48]
reliability, [63-4], [110], [126], [128], [141-2], [166], [168], [174]
Remington-Rand, [43]
reperforator, [137]
rephrasing, [163-4]
reproducer, [47], [49-50], [235]
reproducing, [49]
reset code, [100]
resetting, [100]
resistance, [80], [117]
resistance coefficient, [80]
resistor, [117]
right-hand components, [56], [121], [215]
robot machine, [197], [198-208], [255]
robot salesman, [201]
robota (Czech), [199]
Roman numerals, [212];
ancient style, [219]
room, [70]
Rossum’s Universal Robots, [199]
rounding off, [55-6]
routine, [8], [167], [173]
routine frames, [138-9]
routine tape, [28], [134]
rules, [191], [224]
satisfy, [225]
scale factor, [74], [86]
schemes for expressing meanings, [11-15]
screen, [172]
screw, [78]
Secondary (input of sequencer), [61-2]
Secondary Brushes, [51], [62]
Secondary Feed, [61]
Select-Receiving-Register circuit, [39]
selecting, [26], [58], [104]
selection, [26-7], [38], [222]
selection circuit, [38]
selection counter, [104]
selector, [58-60]
sensing digits, [108]
separation sign, [129]
sequence-control tape, [98]
sequence-control-tape code, [98]
sequence-controlled, [89]
sequence-tape feed, [98]
sequencer, [61]
sequencing, [61]
shifting, [217]
short-cut multiplication, [215-6]
Simon, [22-40]
simultaneous, [225]
simultaneous equations, [85], [225]
sine, [75], [85], [106], [139], [226]
sink (of a circuit), [154]
slab, [18]
slide rule, [65], [67]
smoothness, [110], [227]
social control, types, [203]
sorter, [47-9]
sorting, [57], [173]
soundtracks, [16], [18]
source (of a circuit), [154]
space key, [48]
speedometer, [68]
spelling rules, [185]
spoken English, [11]
square, [224]
square matrix, [227]
square root, [116-7], [173], [220], [224]
Start Key, [98]
statements, [26], [144-51]
static electricity, [63]
storage, [6]
storage counter, [93]
storage devices, [252]
storage register, [28], [93]
storing information, [15]
storing register frames, [138]
storing registers, [139]
string, [65-6]
stylus, [16]
subroutine, [106]
Subsidiary Sequence Mechanism, [90], [106]
subtract output, [120]
subtracting, [55], [100], [119], [139], [223]
subtracting by adding, [223]
summary punch, [50], [116], [119]
summary-punching, [50]
switch open and current flowing, [154]
switchboard, [76]
switches in parallel, [154]
switches in series, [154]
switching circuits, [155]
syllable-writing, [13]
syllables, [211]
syllogism, [146], [152]
symbolic logic, [221-3], [248];
see also mathematical logic
symbolic writing, [12]
synapse, [3]
System of Electric Remote-Control Accounting, [250]
systems for handling information, [10]
table tape, [134]
tables (of values), [103], [136], [224]
tabular value, [136], [224]
tabulator, [47], [52], [119], [235]
tallies, [17]
tangent, [105], [226]
tank (armored), [180], [195]
tank (mercury tank), [171], [179]
tape-controlled carriage, [236]
tape feed, [91], [178-9]
tape punch, [91], [97-8], [137]
tape reels, [170]
tape transmitter, [135], [137]
telegraph line, [6], [119]
telephone central station, [138]
teletype, [17]
teletype transmitter, [133], [135]
teletypewriter, [130], [137]
ten-position relay, [91-3]
ten-position switch, [91-2]
ten-pulses, [120-1]
tens complement, [224]
test scoring machine, [236]
then, [146-7]
thermostat, [187]
thinking, [1-5], [10], [97]
timed electrical currents, [44]
timing contact, [94]
tolerances, [67], [105]
torque, [73], [86]
torque amplifier, [73]
trajectories, [69], [114], [141]
transfer circuit, [33]
transferring, [31], [34], [100], [119], [167]
translating, [57]
transmitter, [74]
triggering control, [183], [186-7]
trigonometric tables, [226]
trigonometric tangent, [105], [226]
truth, [144]
truth table, [147], [155], [222]
truth value, [26], [58], [105], [147], [222]
tuning, [183]
turning force, [72]
12 position, [45]
two-position relay, [21], [91-2];
see also relay
two-position switch, [91-2]
typewriter, [16], [18]
typewriter carriage, [53]
unattended operation, [174]
understanding, [212-3], [231]
unemployment, [201-2]
Unequal (output of comparer), [57]
unit of information, [11], [14-5], [169]
United Nations, [203], [208]
United States Army Ordnance Department, [113-4]
Univac, [250]
University of Pennsylvania, [7], [113]
unknowns, [141]
Upper Brushes, [52]
value tape code, [96]
value tape feed, [95-6]
variables, [84], [223]
vel (Latin), [149]
verifier, [47-8], [235]
vibration, [69]
Vocoder, [255]
Voder, [254]
voltage, [74]
Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory, [239]
weather control, [189], [255]
weather forecasting, [189], [255]
wheel (of a counter), [78]
white elephant, [73], [114]
winch, [73]
words for explaining, [209-12]
X, [59]
X distributor, [59]
X Pickup, [59]
X punch, [45], [58]
X selector, [59]
zero, [133], [212]
zh (sound), [13], [185]
Zuse Computer, [250]

Footnotes:

[2] The preceding word is the spoken word, not the written one.

[3] The preceding word is the spoken word, not the written one.

[4] The preceding word is the spoken word, not the written one.

[5] The preceding word is the spoken word, not the written one.

Transcriber’s Notes:

The illustrations have been moved so that they do not break up paragraphs and so that they are next to the text they illustrate.

Typographical and punctuation errors have been silently corrected.