FOOTNOTES

[1] ΤΕΜΕΝΟΣ.

[2] Deest forsan ΛΗΙΟΝ.

[3] De Venere Stratonicide vid. Tacit. Annal. Lib. iii. cap. 63.

[4] Vid. ἱερὰ ὁδὸς, apud Harpocrat.

[5] ΚΛΕΙΜΑΞ, scalare, de quo vide Reines. Inscript. antiq. Class. sept. num. xvi.

[6] Tartalée seems to be the Mastusia of the antients, well describ’d by Pliny, Lib. v. cap. 29, to lie a tergo Smyrnae.

[7] The Two Brothers are two eminences of Mons Corycus, concerning which see Strabo, Lib. xiv. p. 670.

[8] This practice of the Greek church, at the first elevation of the elements, is what gives just offence both to the Roman and Reformed churches; for tho of late they have generally embraced the doctrine of transubstantiation, yet by this act they pay a divine worship to the bread and wine even before this pretended conversion into the body and blood of Christ. Not but that this observation may be well improved to evince the novelty of this persuasion among the Greeks; and to shew, that both these ceremonies were at first but a meer bodily respect to the elements, and implied nothing of a divine adoration.

[9] To such as are not conceiv’d always worthy, or ready to communicate, the Greeks after the celebration of their Liturgy distribute the ἀντίδωρον, or bread barely blessed, but not consecrated; which they conceive to be a symbol of the body of the Virgin Mary, and to be given instead of that of Christ.

[10]

Nec pulcher Ganges, atque auro turbidus Hermus,

Laudibus Italiae certent. Virg. Georg. ii. 137.

[11]

Non illi satis est turbato sordidus auro

Hermus. Mart. L. viii. Ep. 77.

[12] Liv. Lib. xxxvii. cap. 37. Circa Magnesiam, quae ad Sipylum est, posuit castra. Idem cap. 44. A Magnesia, quae ad Meandrum est, et ab Epheso legati ad dedendas urbes venerunt.

[13] Καταφέρεται δ’ ὁ Πακτωλὸς εἰς Ἑρμὸν, εἰς ὃν καὶ ὁ Ὕλλος ἐμβάλλει, νυνὶ Φρύγιος καλούμενος. Strabo, Lib. xiii. pag. 626.

[14] Magnesia ad Sipylum, a qua magnes lapis ferrum attrahens nomen sortitus est; ut idem a Lydia Lydius, et ab Heraclea Heraclius dictus est. Hill in Dionys. Periegesin. Tho he seems to be mistaken in confounding this stone with the touchstone, or lapis Lydius.

[15] Nat. Hist. Lib. xxxvi. cap. 16.

[16]

Lapis hic ut ferrum ducere possit,

Quem magneta vocant patrio de nomine Graii,

Magnetum quia sit patriis in finibus ortus. L. vi. ℣. 608.

[17] Auri argentique mentionem comitatur lapis, quem coticulam appellant; quondam non solitus inveniri nisi in flumine Tmolo, nunc vero passim; quem alii Lydium, alii Heraclium vocant. Plin. Lib. xxxiii. cap. 8.

[18] Like what Aristides says: Ὁ φίλοινος οὐχ ἡγεῖται ζημίαν, εἰ μηδεὶς αὐτῷ πίνοντι συνείσεται. Orat. Platonic. prim. pag. 182. edit. P. Steph.

[19] Liv. Lib. xxxvii. cap. 44. Legati ab Thyatira et Magnesia ad Sipylum ad reddendas urbes venerunt, says this historian, immediately after the action betwixt Scipio and Antiochus. This action is at large described by Appian as well as Livy, as happening betwixt Thyatira and Sardis, upon the banks of the Amnis Phrygius, near Magnesia ad Sipylum; which is not the Hermus (as some have thought) but a river running into the Hermus, which Homer and Herodotus call Hyllus, as Strabo relates in the passage cited above, p. 9.

[20] See Marm. Oxon. ed. ab H. Prid. pag. 1.

[21] This Statius Quadratus was that very proconsul, in whose presence, and by whose authority, St. Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, was burnt alive in the amphitheatre of that city. His name is falsely written Τάτιος Κ. in the Alexandrian Chronicle, and Στράτιος in the Epistle of the church of Smyrna. But this stone confirms that correction, which has been made by bishop Pearson and Valesius. It likewise favours that learned argument maintained by bishop Pearson, Dissert. ii. cap. xvi, xvii. pag. 291, by which he places this proconsulship and the martyrdom of St. Polycarp in the tenth year of Antoninus Pius, A. C. 147. For in the fourth year of M. Antoninus, to which the Alexandrian Chronicle refers it; as also in the year 167, to which it is referred by Eusebius and Valesius; there were two Caesars, concerning whom Eutropius says: Tunc primum Rom. respublica duobus aequo jure imperium administrantibus paruit, cum usque ad eum singulos semper habuisset Augustos. Lib. viii. cap. 5. But this inscription mentions only one Caesar, in the singular number. And as for that Quadratus, whom Bucherius and Usserius will have proconsul in Asia in the year 169, his name was not Statius, but T. Numidius. See also mention of Quadratus in Aristidis Orat. Genethliac. in Apellam; and in his Sermon. Sacror. iv.

[22] Καὶ γάρ τ’ ἠΰκομος Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου, etc.

Νῦν δέ που ἐν πέτρῃσιν, ἐν οὔρεσιν οἰοπόλοισιν

Ἐν Σιπύλῳ, ὅθι φασὶ θεάων ἔμμεναι εὐνὰς

Νυμφάων, αἵτ’ ἀμφ’ Ἀχελώϊον ἐῤῥώσαντο,

Ἔνθα, λίθος πὲρ ἐοῦσα θεῶν ἐκ κήδεα πέσσει.

Hom. Iliad. ω. 602. On which passage the Scholia, usually ascribed to Didymus, have the following remark: Θρηνοῦσαν οὖν τὴν Νιόβην ἀφάτως τὸ τοιοῦτον δυστύχημα, Ζεὺς ἐλεήσας εἰς λίθον μετέβαλεν, ὃς καὶ μέχρι νῦν ἐν Σιπύλῳ τῆς Φρυγίας ὁρᾶται παρὰ πάντων πηγὰς δακρύων προϊέμενος. And Pausanias, Attic. Lib. i. cap. 21. says: Ταύτην τὴν Νιόβην καὶ αὐτὸς εἶδον ἀνελθὼν ἐς τὸν Σίπυλον τὸ ὄρος. Ἥδε πλησίον μὲν πέτρα καὶ κρημνός ἐστιν, οὐδὲν παρόντι σχῆμα παρεχόμενος γυναικὸς, οὔτε ἄλλως, οὔτε πενθούσης· εἰ δέ γε ποῤῥωτέρω γένοιο, δεδακρυμένην δόξεις ὁρᾷν καὶ κατηφῆ γυναῖκα.

[23] Plin. Lib. v. cap. 29. A Smyrna Hermus amnis campos facit, et nomini suo adoptat; oritur juxta Dorglaeum Phrygiae civitatem, multosque colligit fluvios, inter quos Hyllum et Cryon.

[24] See mention of these by Herodian, under the name of πολυάνδρια, in his description of that massacre of the Alexandrians by Caracalla, Lib. iv. cap. 17. edit. Oxon.

[25] The sense of the word barrows or burroughs is by Verstegan deduced from burying, and therefore well answers the Greek πολυάνδρια. Chap. vii. p. 211.

[26] Thus Lucan, Stetit aggere fultus Cespitis. Lib. v. ℣. 316.

And Tacitus, Annal. L. i. cap. 17. Congerunt cespites. See Lipsii not.

[27] Ὅς σφι ψῆγμα χρυσοῦ καταφορέων ἐκ τοῦ Τμώλου διὰ μέσης τῆς ἀγορῆς ῥέει, καὶ ἔπειτα ἐς τὸν Ἕρμον ποταμὸν ἐκδιδοῖ, ὁ δὲ ἐς θάλασσαν. Lib. v. cap. 101. And Strabo says, Lib. xiii. p. 625. Ῥεῖ δ’ ὁ Πακτωλὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ Τμώλου, καταφέρων τὸ παλαιὸν χρυσοῦ ψῆγμα πολύ· ἀφ’ οὗ τὸν Κροίσου λεγόμενον πλοῦτον, καὶ τῶν προγόνων αὐτοῦ διονομασθῆναί φασί.

[28]

Passaque ab auriferis tellus exire metallis

Pactolon, qua culta secat non vilior Hermus. Lucan. Lib. iii. ℣. 209.

[29] Lib. xxxvi. cap. 14. Summa miracula, epistylia tantae molis attolli potuisse, etc. See mention of this difficulty in Wotton’s Reflections upon ancient and modern learning, pag. 67. edit. 1694.

[30] Epistolae quatuor, pag. 136, 137.

[31] Ἕρμος, says Strabo, Lib. xiii. pag. 626. ἐξ ὄρους ἱεροῦ τῆς Δινδυμένης εἰς τὴν Σαρδιανὴν φέρεται, κατὰ τὰ συνεχῆ πεδία, μέχρι τῆς θαλάττης.

[32]

Iliad. β′. ℣. 863 Τὼ Γυγαίη τέκε λίμνη,

Oἳ καὶ Μῄονας ἦγον ὑπὸ Τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας.

[33] Ἐν δὲ σταδίοις τεσσαράκοντα ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἐστὶν ἡ Γυγαία μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ λεγομένη. Strab. ubi supra.

[34] Ὑπέρκειται τῶν Σάρδεων ὁ Τμῶλος, εὔδαιμον ὄρος. Strabo, Lib. xiii. pag. 625.

[35]

Ovid. Met. Lib. xi. ℣. 150. Riget arduus alto

Tmolus in ascensu; clivoque extensus utroque

Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis.

Ὕπαιπα δὲ πόλις ἐστὶ καταβαίνουσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ Τμώλου εἰς τὸ τοῦ Καΰστρου πεδίον. Lib. xiii. pag. 627.

[36] Ὁ μέν γε Τμῶλος ἱκανῶς συνῆπται, καὶ περιγραφὴν ἔχει μετρίαν, ἐν αὐτοῖς ἀφοριζόμενος τοῖς Λυδίοις μέρεσιν· ἡ δὲ μεσόγαιος εἰς τὸ ἀντικείμενον μέρος διατείνει μέχρι Μυκάλης. L. xiii. p. 629. And a little after: Τῷ δὴ Καῦστριανῷ πεδίῳ μεταξὺ πίπτοντι τῆς τε Μεσωγειότητος, καὶ τοῦ Τμώλου, συνεχές ἐστι πρὸς ἑὼ τὸ Κιλβιανὸν πεδίον.

[37] The modern name Tyria well answers to the antient Τυριαῖον which Xenophon mentions as a well inhabited city, not far from Καΰστρου πεδίον. De expedit. Cyri, L. i.

[38] Lib. v. cap. 29. Ephesus alluitur Cäystro, in Cilbianis jugis orto, multosque amnes deferente, et stagnum Pegasaeum, quod Phyrites amnis expellit.

[39] This is plain from Strabo, who having finished his account of Ephesus, and proceeding from thence towards Smyrna, says, Εἶτα τὸ Γαλλήσιον ὄρος, καὶ ἡ Κολοφὼν, etc. Lib. xiv. pag. 642.

[40] This likewise appears from Strabo, who tells us, that betwixt Erythrae, or the western part of that cape land, and the isthmus, which joins the same cape land to the continent, stands the mountain Mimas. Μεταξὺ τῶν Ἐρυθρῶν καὶ τοῦ ὑποκρήμνου Μίμας ἐστὶν, ὄρος ὑψηλόν. Ibid. pag. 645.

[41] Chap. vi. ℣. 5. De Joannis autographo, Ephesi servato, vid. Pfaffii Dissert. p. 154.

[42] Οἱ ἐξ Ἐφέσου εἰς Σάρδις εἰσὶ τεσσεράκοντα καὶ πεντακόσιοι στάδιοι. Herodot. Lib. v. cap. 54.

[43] The mountains, that enclose the city and plain of Ephesus, are Gallesius to the north, Mycale to the south, and Pactyas to the east.

[44] Ephesus attollitur monte Pione, alluitur Caystro. Plin. Lib. v. cap. 29.

[45] Concerning this church see Procopii Ἀνέκδοτα, p. 12. and Ἰουστ. Κτισμ. pag. 45, where it is said to have been rebuilt by an order from Justinian.

[46] See F. Simon’s Histoire critique de la creance et des coûtumes des nations du Levant, chap. 7, 8.

[47] Plin. Lib. xxxvi. c. 14. In solo id palustri fecere. And Lib. v. c. 29. Templum Dianae complexi e diversis regionibus duo Selenuntes, that is, two Selenusian lakes.

[48] Strabo, Lib. xiv. pag. 639, et 642. Εἶτα Πύγελα πολίχνιον (which now is called Scala Nova) εἶτα λιμὴν Πάνορμος καλούμενος, ἔχων ἱερὸν τῆς Ἐφεσίας Ἀρτέμιδος· εἶθ’ ἡ πόλις. And again:

Μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκβολὴν τοῦ Καΰστρου λίμην ἐστὶν ἐκ τοῦ πελάγους ἀναχεομένη· καλεῖται δὲ Σεληνουσία, καὶ ἐφεξῆς ἄλλη σύῤῥους αὐτῇ.

[49] These particulars, as collected out of several authors, are to be seen in Supplem. in Q. Curt. Lib. ii. cap. 7.

[50] See these and other particulars in Plin. Lib. xxxvi. cap. 14.

[51] This is the face of the moon aspide cincta comas. See Thes. Rom. Ant. Vol. v. p. 779.

[52] Herodian. Lib. I. cap. 39. Ἡ δὲ πρεσβυτάτη τῶν Κομμόδου ἀδελφῶν (Φαδίλλα ἦν ὄνομα αὐτῇ) εἰσδραμοῦσα, etc.

See likewise Grut. pag. MLXVI, n. 13. and Fabrett. Inscriptiones, pag. 746.

[53] Pag. 255. But the reader may see it more perfect in the few sheets, which were printed, of the second part of Antiq. Asiat.

[54] See pag. 254.

[55] Ἐξ Ἐφέσου μέχρι Σμύρνης ὁδός ἐστιν ἐπ’ εὐθείας τριακόσιοι εἴκοσι στάδιοι· εἰς γὰρ Μητρόπολιν ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι στάδιοι, οἱ λοιποὶ δὲ εἰς Σμύρναν. Strab. Lib. xiv. p. 632.

[56] Lib. v. cap. 29. Ephesus alluitur Câystro multos amnes deferente, et stagnum Pegasaeum, quod Phyrites amnis expellit.

[57] Mitylene, made more remarkable for those words of the Lesbians to Pompey, then fled hither:

Fac, Magne, locum, quem cuncta revisant

Saecula, quem veniens hospes Romanus adoret. Lucan. Lib. viii. ℣. 114.

[58] See Strab. Lib. xiii. pag. 615.

[59] Hence Virgil, Culic. ℣. 312.

Omnis ut in cineres Rhoetei litoris ora,

Classibus ambustis, flamma superante, daretur.

See likewise Xenoph. Hist. Graec. L. i. in prin. ὡς ἤνοιγε περὶ τὸ Ῥοίτειον. And P. Mel. L. i. c. 18. Extra sinum sunt Rhoetea littora.

[60] Lib. viii. p. 599. Οὐδὲν ἴχνος σώζεται τῆς ἀρχαίας πόλεως.

And in like manner, Lucan, Lib. ix. ℣. 968.

Tota teguntur

Pergama dumetis, et jam periere ruinae.

[61] Polybius makes the breadth of the Hellespont here to be no more than two furlongs, Lib. xvi. p. 735.

[62] In some modern prints Aidos. The most memorable siege of this place by king Philip of Macedon is related by Livy, Lib. xxxi. cap. 17.

[63] Γενόμενος δὲ μεταξὺ Τρωάδος καὶ τῆς ἀρχαίας Ἰλίου, καὶ τόπον εὑρὼν εἰς πόλεως κατασκευήν ἐπιτήδειον, θεμελίους τε ἐπήξατο, καὶ τείχους τὶ μέρος εἰς ὕψος ἀνέστησεν· ὅπερ ἄχρι νῦν ὁρᾷν ἔνεστι ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον πλέουσιν. Zosim. Lib. ii. pag. 105. ed. Oxon.

[64] Europamque Asiae, Sestonque admovit Abydo. Lucan. Lib. ii. ℣. 674.

[65] Lib. xiii. pag. 59.

[66] Her. et Leand. ℣. 23, 24.

[67] Callipolis quoque ac Madytos dedita, et castella quaedam ignobilia. Liv. Lib. xxxi. cap. 16.

[68] Lib. xiii. p. 589. Ἡ Λάμψακος ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ πόλις ἐστὶν εὐλίμενος καὶ ἀξιόλογος. Et mox: Ἐν τῇ στεῤῥᾷ τῆς Χεῤῥονήσου πολίχνιον ἐστὶ Καλλίπολις.

[69] Concerning these monuments particularly see Gyllius, Constantinop. topogr. Lib. ii. c. 12, 13.

[70] Concerning the interpretation of which, together with an history of the Rom. obelisks, see Ammian. Marcell. Lib. xvii. c. 4, and Smith, Constantinop. brev. notit. p. 117.

[71] Πρόκλῳ in Anthologia, Lib. iv. p. 488.

[72] See Zosim. Lib. iv. p. 265.

[73] See Cang. Constant. Christian. Lib. ii. pag. 105.

[74] L. i. p. 34. of his Travels.

[75] Concerning these see Pliny, Lib. iv. cap. 13.

[76] See Gruter, pag. ccxxviii, and Wheler, pag. 207.

[77] See Du Fresne, Glossar. Graec. Tab. i. oper. praemiss.

[78] This is part of an epigram, Εἰς Διομήδους τάφον, Antholog. Lib. vi. p. 563.

[79] Lib. iii. ℣. 277. Concerning the current of the Maeotis see Polybius, Lib. iv. p. 307; and of that at Gades, Mr. Halley’s Discourse in Le Clerc’s Physic. L. ii. c. 8.

[80] Concerning the antient situation of Chalcédon see Zosim. L. ii. p. 100, and of this church, L. v. p. 314, and Evagr. L. ii. c. 3.

[81] Lib. ii. pag. 106.

[82] For Valentinian’s building these aqueducts see Socrates by Valesius, and Niceph. Constantin. Hist. vol. ii. p. 418.

[83] In his Chronicon.

[84] Book i. pag. 34.

[85] In relation to this inscription the medal of Belisarius may be observed, on the reverse of which are the words DEVICTIS GOTHIS.

[86] See Eusebius’s Life of Constantine.

[87] An account of the like rich marble work may be seen in Stat. Sylv. Lib. i. c. 5. where he describes the bath of Claudius Etruscus.

[88] The particulars of each are described in the exact and faithful account of Grelot, which may be compared with that of Procopius.

[89] Eclog. vi. vers. 43.

[90] Pag. 232 of his Travels.

[91] Idem forsan ac σαββατείῳ apud Joseph. Antiq. Jud. edit. Oxon. p. 722. l. ult.

[92] ΕΦ Ω. vid. Grut. pag. DCCXLIX. num. 4.

[93] Αυδηνᾶιος, ὄνομα μηνὸς παρὰ Μακεδόσιν, ὁ Ἰανουάριος. Suidas.

[94] In this inscription the Ι is always added to the last vowel of the dative singular, which in small letters is now usually placed under it.

[95] Lib. xxxvii.

[96] Vid. Marmor. Oxon. p. 297, ed. Prid.

[97] By this and the following inscription we find, there were several schools here, where young persons were trained up to athletic exercises in honour of Hercules. For as Lipsius observes, Saturnal. Serm. L. iii. c. 23. Athletis et gladiatoribus Hercules praeesse putabatur, qui facta ejus et robur aemularentur. De athletis lapis Graecus Romae indicat; in quo aliquoties nominati, οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἡρακλέα ἀθληταὶ, id est, Herculanei athletae. So in other inscriptions we have οἱ περὶ τὸν Διόνυσον τεχνῖται, artists employed in the rites of Bacchus.

[98] In this inscription the Ι is added to the last vowel of the dative case, as in that above, pag. 53.

[99] Iliad. γ. ℣. 339.

[100] See Strabo, Lib. xii. pag. 550.

[101] See Homer, Iliad. β. in catalog. ℣. 335.

[102] This river must be the Granicus, which seems to bend its course towards the Peninsula of Cyzicus.

[103] While I was absent from the conáck, some Turks brought medals to be sold, which I lost the opportunity of purchasing, because Mr. Farington suspected them to be spies.

[104] Ἔπλευσαν ἐς Αἰγὸς ποταμοὺς, ἀντίον τῆς Λαμψάκου, διεῖχε δὲ ὁ Ἑλλήσποντος ταύτης σταδίους ὡς πεντεκαίδεκα. Hist. Graec. L. ii. p. 455. edit. Leunclav.

[105] Pag. 42.

[106] The Hebrus is large and full in winter, yet carries but a slow stream, which in the summer time is scarce able to flow. Hence Ovid. Heroid. ii. ℣. 115.

Et sacer admissas exigit Hebrus aquas.

But Virgil, who, as appears from his geography of Troy, was not so well acquainted with these parts, says: Aen. i. ℣. 321.

Volucremque fuga praevertitur Hebrum.

[107] Zosimus, Lib. ii. p. 95. ed. Oxon. Καθ’ ὃ τωνος εειος ποταμὸς τῷ Ἑβρῳ συμβάλλει.

[108] Ibidem.

[109] See Pythagorae Symbolum, Προσκυνεῖν περιφερόμενος, apud Lil. Gyrald. Tom. ii. p. 669. edit. 1696.

[110] So Justin describing the rites of Bacchus, with which the soldiers of Alexander were inspired says: Exercitus ejus repentino impetu mentis in sacros dei ululatus instinctus, cum stupore regis, sine noxa discurrit. Lib. xii. c. 7.

[111] See this sect described, and called Tzophilar, by Hottinger, Hist. orient. pag. 365.

[112] Concerning the longevity of the Aemimontian Thracians see Amm. Marc. L. xxvii. c. 4.

[113] Here I happily attained that wish of Virgil, Georg. Lib. ii. ℣. 488.

O, qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi

Sistat, et ingenti ramorum protegat umbra!

[114] Suam quisque domum spatio circundat, sive adversus casus ignis remedium, sive inscitia aedificandi. Ne caementorum apud illos, aut tegularum usus. Tacit. De m. G. c. xvi.

[115] Aur. Victor. Epit. cap. XL. Galerius ortus Dacia Ripensi, quem locum Romulianum ex vocabulo Romulae matris appellarat.

[116] The Sclavonian character is twofold; one said to be invented by St. Hierom, which is now used by the Rascians and Bosnians; the other by St. Cyril, proper to Valachia, Moldavia, Muscovy, &c.

[117] This inscription was first published by Reinesius, Class. vi. n. 90. and from him by Sponius, Miscell. erud. antiq. p. 294. But both of them vary somewhat from the reading here given.

[118] It is probable these stones might all come from Ulpia Trajana, formerly called Sarmazegethusa, concerning which see Zamosius, in Analect. Antiq. Transyl. c. 4.

[119] Ovid. ad Liviam, ℣. 387.

Danubiusque rapax, et Dacius orbe remoto

Apulus, huic hosti per breve Pontus iter.

[120] Sabina, Nova Ceres; et Julia Pia, Nova Vesta: Bonarot. Observ. p. 4. Nymphae Avgvstae, Spon, Recherch. d’Antiq. Diss. xxix. p. 481. Saxopol. in Dacia, Nymphis salvtiferis sacrvm.

[121] In libello inscript. Analecta lap. Transylv. prov. legitur Rvffinvs, sed reclamante lapide.

[122] In Latin Enyedinum, or Aniadinum, from the via Annia, mentioned in an inscription in Zamosius, c. v.

[123] Forte COLON, AP. ut in Zamosii Inscript. cap. 7. COL. APVL. et COLONIAE APVLENSIS.

[124] Forte CENOTAPHIVM.

[125] The like cyphers I afterwards saw at Vienna, near Porta Rubra; where I took notice of the following date,

, which in our modern characters is 1467.

[126] His designed ransom, after his death in Poland, was unjustly detained in this province.

[127] Concerning the antient characters of the Siculians, and their manner of writing downwards like the Sinese, see Zamos. c. 3.

[128] So great is the aversion of these Valachs to the killing of calves, that to redeem one taken by General Robutin, they offered him the choice of all their children.

[129] See pag. 92.

[130] Veste non fluitante, sed stricta, et singulos artus exprimente. Tacitus De moribus Germanorum, cap. xvii.

[131] So Martial, Spectac. Epigr. 3. Crinibus in nodum tortis venere Sicambri.

And Tacitus says the like of the Suevi, De morib. Germ. c. 38. Insigne gentis obliquare crinem, nodoque substringere.

[132] This trial of water, as well as that of fire, is authorized by the laws of Ladislaus, King of Hungary. Decret. S. Ladislai, Lib. ii. cap. 28.

[133] Est in Africa consuetudo incolarum, ut in agris, et in omnibus fere villis, sub terra specus condendi frumenti gratia clam habeant; atque id propter bella maxime, hostiumque subitum adventum praeparent: De bello Africano, cap. 65.

[134] Travels into divers parts of Europe, p. 145.

[135] Vid. Plin. Lib. xxviii. c. i. et Harduin. in loc.

[136] Lib. ii. cap. 96 et 114.

[137] See Imhof. Lib. x. cap. 16.

[138] Spon, who has published this inscription, observes, that by these QVADRIBIS might be meant, seminumina quadriviis praesidentia; quales in biviis et triviis Hermi seu Mercurii ab antiquis culti. Miscell. erud. antiq. pag. 84.

[139] Vid. Apul. De Iside: Cujus numen unicum multiformi specie, ritu vario, nomine multijuge totus veneratur orbis. Metam. Lib. ii. pag. 280.

[140] See an instance of this in Sweden, reported in the Huetiana, p. 124. N. LIV.

[141] Ovid. Fast. L. i. ℣. 205.

Nec pudor in stipula placidam cepisse quietem,

Et foenum capiti supposuisse, fuit.

[142] These two are published both in Grut. but each of them with some little variation. pag. CCCLII, n. 5. and Fleetwood, pag. 152.

[143] ΟΦΡ ΑΝ ΕΣ ΑΔΩ.

[144] Cap. 17.

[145] Lib. iv. parag. 24.

[146] Odyss. M. ℣. 235.

[147] Aen. iii. ℣. 420.

[148] Lib. v. ℣. 1197.

[149] In Verr. iv. cap. 48.

ERRATA.

Page[15.]line5.readAchmetléer.
[24.]4.not.
[44.]29.Aurátbasar.
[76.]13.alaí chiaush.
[77.]28.lilia.
[88.]33.thither.
[92.]29.Judex.
[93.]32.Banti.
[108.]9.Glychensberg.
[133.]20.Ferdinand.
[142.]20.by.
[168.]10.ALIAM.

Transcriber’s Note: The errata have been corrected. Originals read: Achmetcléar; nor; Aarátbasar; alaí, chiaush; lillia; hither; jndex; Banfi; Glychebsberg; Ferdinard; be; AILAM.