III. HELL

CANTOS
Dark Wood.Leopard, Lion, and Wolf. Guidance of Virgil.i.-ii.
Gate of Hell.|iii.
Ante-Hell.Pusillanimous and neutrals, souls and Angels. St. Celestine v. (Some place Slothful, Accidiosi, here. iii.
Acheron. Charon’s boat. iii.
Brink of the Abyss. iv.
Circle I. (Limbo.) Unbaptized Children and Virtuous Heathen. The Noble Castle. Homer, Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Lucan. Electra, Hector, Aeneas, Caesar; Camilla, Penthesilea, Latinus,Lavinia; the elder Brutus, Lucretia, Julia, Martia, Cornelia, The Saladin. Aristotle; Socrates, Plato; Democritus, Diogenes, Anaxagoras, Thales, Empedocles, Heraclitus, Zeno, Dioscorides; Orpheus, Cicero, Linus, Seneca; Euclid and Ptolemy; Hippocrates, Avicenna, Galen; Averroës. Outside ethical scheme of Hell, because unknown to Aristotle as sin. Some regard this circle, with Ante-Hell, as representing Negative Incontinence. iv.
Circle II.Minos. The Lustful: Semiramis, Dido, Cleopatra, Helen, Achilles, Paris, Tristram; Paolo Malatesta and Francesca da Polenta.Incontinence.v.
Circle III.Cerberus. The Gluttonous: Ciacco of Florence.vi.
Circle IV.Plutus. Avaricious and Prodigal (none recognisable).vii.
Circle V. (Styx.) The Slothful? Angry and Sullen. Phlegyas and his boat. Filippo Argenti. vii.-viii.
Walls of City of Dis.Fiends and Furies. The Messenger of Heaven.viii.-ix.
Circle VI.Heretics. Epicurus and his followers. Farinata degli Uberti, Cavalcante de’ Cavalcanti; Frederick ii, Cardinal Ottaviano degli Ubaldini; Pope Anastasius.Outside ethical scheme. Intermediate between Incontinence and Violence. Some regard this Circle as included in Bestiality, or as Negative Violence.ix.-xi.
Precipice.The Minotaur.xii.
Circle VII.(1) In the river Phlegethon, the violent against others, tyrants and murderers; Alexander the Great, Dionysius of Sicily; Ezzelino, Obizzo da Esti; Guy de Montfort; Attila, Pyrrhus, Sextus Pompeius; Rinier da Corneto, Rinier Pazzo. Chiron, Nessus, Pholus and other centaurs. Violence or Bestiality.xii.
(2) In the wood of harpies and hell-hounds, the violent against themselves, suicides and squanderers; Pier della Vigna; Lano of Siena, Giacomo da Santo Andrea; a Florentine suicide.xiii.
(3) On the burning sand:—
(a) The violent against God; Capaneus.
(b) The violent against Nature; Brunetto Latini; Priscian, Francesco d’Accorso, Andrea de’ Mozzi; Guido Guerra, Tegghiaio Aldobrandi, Jacopo Rusticucci, Guglielmo Borsiere.
(c) The violent against Art (Usurers); unrecognisableindividuals of Gianfigliazzi and Ubbriachi, and Rinaldo degli Scrovigni, expecting Vitaliano del Dente and Giovanni Buiamonte.
xiv.-xvii
Great Abyss.Geryon. xvii.
Circle VIII. (Malebolge.)(1) Panders and Seducers; Venedico Caccianemico, Jason. Horned Devils.Fraud, Malice.xviii.
(2) Flatterers; Alessio Interminei, Thais.
(3) Simoniacs; Nicholas iii, awaiting Boniface viii and Clement v.xix.
(4) Soothsayers and Sorcerers; Amphiaraus, Tiresias, Aruns, Manto, Eurypylus, Michael Scot, Guido Bonatti, Asdente of Parma. xx.
(5) Barrators; the Elder of Lucca, Ciampolo, Frate Gomita, Michel Zanche. Malacoda and the Malebranche.xxi.-xxiii.
(6) Hypocrites; two Frati Godenti of Bologna (Catalanoxxiii.
(7) Thieves; Vanni Fucci; Cacus; Cianfa Donati, Francesco de’ Cavalcanti, Agnello Brunelleschi, Buoso (Donati or degli Abati), Puccio de’ Galigai. xxiv.-xxv.
(8) Evil Counsellors; Ulysses and Diomed; Guido da Montefeltro. xxvi.-xxvii.
(9) Sowers of Scandal and Schism; Mahomet, Ali, Pier da Medicina, Curio, Mosca de’ Lamberti, Bertran de Born; Geri del Bello. xxviii.-xxix.
(10) Falsifiers; Griffolino, Capocchio; Gianni Schicchi,Myrrha; Adam of Brescia, one of the Counts of Romena; Potiphar’s wife; Sinon. xxix-xxx.
Well of Giants. Nimrod, Ephialtes, Briareus, Antaeus, Tityus, Typhon.xxxi.
Circle IX. (Cocytus.)(1) In Caina; traitors to their kindred; Alessandro and Napoleone degli Alberti, Mordred, Focaccia, Sassolo Mascheroni, Camicione dei Pazzi.Treachery, Malice.xxxii.-xxxiv.
(2) In Antenora; traitors to country or party; Bocca degli Abati, Buoso da Duera, Tesauro Beccheria, Gianni de’ Soldanieri, Tebaldello, Ganelon, Count Ugolino and Archbishop Ruggieri.
(3) In Tolomea; traitors to their guests; Alberigo de’ Manfredi, Branca d’Oria.
(4) In Giudecca; traitors to their benefactors and theirlords; Judas, Brutus, Cassius.
Centre of the Earth.Lucifer.xxxiv.