INDEX.
A.
- Abyssinia, Christianity of, [67].
- Achaia, dealings of Rome with, [218].
- Ælfred, his view of early Greek history, [18].
- Africa, Saracen conquest of, [133].
- Agamemnôn, his imperial position, [18], [19].
- Agathoklês, two sides of, [33].
- Akarnania, its position in Homeric times, [19];
- becomes Greek, [24].
- Akragas, its time of greatness, [25].
- Ἀλαμανῶν ῥήξ, title of, [107].
- Alans, their history and settlement, [87], [88]; [122].
- Alaric, his career, [78].
- Albanians, their origin, [119].
- Ἀλβανοί, opposed to Ῥωμαῖοι, [141].
- Alexander, founder of the modern Greek nation, [16];
- Alexander of Epeiros, [17];
- his designs, [34].
- Alexandria, its relation to older Greek cities, [23].
- Alexios Komnênos, compared with Henry the Fourth, [162].
- Allies, Roman, their relations to Rome, [82], [83]; [218]-[220];
- Ambrakia, its beginnings, [24].
- Amisos, dealings of Trajan and Pliny with, [237], [238].
- Amphiktyonic Council, nullity of, [178], [179];
- its reform by Augustus, [225].
- Andorra, relations of, [217].
- Angles, first mentioned, [64].
- Antalkidas, Peace of, [28].
- Antioch, its relation to older Greek cities, [23].
- Antoninus Caracalla, effects of his edict, [42].
- Apameia, dealings of Trajan and Pliny with, [236], [237].
- Aquæ Sextiæ, battle of, [44]; [60].
- Aquitaine, position of cities in, [192];
- Arles, capital of Southern Gaul, [85].
- Arminius, his historic position, [64].
- Arnold, Thomas, point chosen by for the ending of his History, [104].
- Asia Minor, its historic position, [19].
- Athens, her history mistaken for that of Greece, [21];
- Aurelian, his dealings with the Goths, [77].
- Austria, the Frankish, effect of the rise of its Mayors, [91].
- Austrian Emperors, their relations to the Popes, [183].
- Austrian Empire, [151]-[152].
- Avignon, Popes at, [157].
B.
- Bajazet, Keiser of Roum, [145].
- Barbarians, conversion of, [67].
- Basil the Macedonian, his controversy with Lewis the Second, [108].
- Basil the Second, Emperor, [132], [133].
- Βασιλεύς, title of, [108].
- Basques, Iberian elements preserved by, [93].
- Belisarius, Roman consul, [125].
- Beneventum, battle of, [45].
- Bithynia, different position of its cities under Trajan, [233]-[238].
- Britain, Roman influence in, [94];
- Buonaparte, Napoleon, his position and objects, [149]-[151].
- Burgundians, their settlement in Gaul, [89]; [123].
- Burgundy, position of cities in, [191], [192];
- Byzantine, use of the name, [129].
C.
- Cæsar, his work in Gaul, [61], [65].
- Capitular elections, their analogy with Greek cities, [228].
- Carthage, her beginnings, [24];
- Catalaunian Fields, battle of, [44].
- Catalogue, the Homeric, its historic value, [18]-[20].
- Charles Martel, his defeat of the Saracens, [134].
- Charles the Great, effect of his coronation, [104];
- Charles the Fourth, Emperor, his coronations, [147].
- Charles the Fifth, last Imperator, [138];
- Charles the Sixth, Emperor, [152].
- Cherson, its beginnings, [24];
- Chlodowig, unites the Frankish kingdoms, [189].
- Christianity, its relation to the Roman power, [67]-[69];
- its special rivalry with Mahometanism, [133].
- Cities, answer to nations, [177], [178]; [183];
- contrasted with nations, [186]-[188];
- their chief developement among Southern nations, [186];
- difficulty of uniting, [187];
- their position in Northern and Southern Gaul, [191], [192];
- their history and position in modern Europe, [199]-[205];
- their history in Germany, [200]-[205];
- suppression of, [201]-[202].
- Civilis, compared with Buonaparte, [151].
- Clermont, Council of, [162].
- Colonies, Greek, [14];
- Condominium, survival of, [211].
- Conquest, Roman and Teutonic compared, [85].
- Constance, Peace of, compared with that of Westfalia, [139].
- Constantine the Great, his changes at Rome, [74];
- his foundation of Constantinople, [ib.]
- Constantine Palaiologos, his death, [170];
- compared with Leopold the First, [171].
- Constantinople, its various names, [74];
- Convocation, English, its analogy with Greek cities, [227], [228].
- Crete, mention of in Homer, [19].
- Crusade, First, [161], [162].
- Crusade, Fourth, [164], [165].
- Cyprus, rivalry of Greek and Phœnician in, [24];
D.
- Dacia, its conquest and cession, [77].
- Dante, his doctrine of the Empire, [68];
- his theory carried out in the East, [159].
- Departments, French, their position, [210].
- Diocletian, his changes, [73], [74]; [86].
- Diôn Chrysostom, his account of contemporary Greek commonwealths, [225]-[234];
- Dionysios, two sides of, [33].
- Diplomacy, in the third century B.C., [37].
E.
- East, growth of native powers in, in the first and second centuries B.C., [65].
- Eastern Emperors, their religious character, [159].
- Eastern Empire, in what sense Greek, [112]-[120];
- Eastern Question, eternal, [5].
- Egypt, early Greek knowledge of, [20];
- Eleventh Century A.D., its history, [135].
- Ἕλλην, use of the name, [112]; [140].
- Empereur d’Allemagne et d’Autriche, title of, [149].
- Empereur des Français, title of, [149].
- Emperor, various uses of the name, [144].
- Emperor of the East, title of, [143], [144].
- Emperors, joint reign of several, [75];
- Empire, vague uses of the word, [155].
- Empire, Eastern, see [Eastern Empire].
- Empire, Roman, see [Roman Empire].
- Empire, Western, see [Western Empire].
- Empires, various Greek, in the fourteenth century, [143], [144].
- England, its steps towards union, [188].
- Epeiros, its relations to Greece, [13], [14]; [25];
- Erbkaiser von Oesterreich, title of, [151].
- Euboia, account of by Diôn Chrysostom, [231].
- Europe, three marked periods in its history, [4];
F.
- Federal States, examples of in the third century B.C., [36].
- Federations, their long survivals in Greece, [225].
- Fifth Century A.D., its character and relation to earlier times, [79];
- Fifth Century B.C., a time of Greek decline, [21];
- Finlay, George, his view of the fifth century B.C., [21].
- France, formation of, [91], [92];
- France, Duchy of, its dismemberment, [190].
- Francia, name of, [89];
- divisions of, [91].
- Frankfurt, its commonwealth suppressed, [202].
- Franks, their appearance in Gaul, [78];
- Frederick the Second, Emperor, his crusade, [163];
- effects of his treatment by the Popes, [ib.]
- Frederick the Third, Emperor, [138]; [147].
- Free Cities, hindrances to national growth, [193].
- French Empire, [149]-[151].
- French language, its formation, [190].
- French nation, its origin, [91], [92];
G.
- Gascons, see [Basques].
- Gaul, Cisalpine, Roman conquest of, [49];
- Gauls, their relation to Rome, [86];
- their adoption of the Roman name, [87].
- Gela, its time of greatness, [25].
- George Maniakês, his recovery of Syracuse, [135].
- German, use of the name, [113].
- German Empire, [153].
- Germans, their invasions, [77];
- their relation to the Empire, [ib.]
- Germany, its connexion with the Western Empire, [147];
- Ghibelline theory, carried out in the East, [159].
- Gibbon, Edward, extent of his history, [75].
- Gothia, name of, [88].
- Goths, their dealings with the Empire, [77]-[79];
- Græci, use of the name, [112].
- Gratian, refuses the Pagan pontificate, [155].
- Greece, its geographical character, [6];
- its historic calling, [7];
- its connexion with other Aryan lands, [7], [8];
- its influence compared with that of Rome, [8]-[10];
- its position towards the East, [11], [12];
- its relations to Rome, [15];
- various forms of its influence, [16];
- its geographical boundary, [17];
- two main periods of its influence, [21], [22];
- its decline in the fourth century B.C., [32];
- its influence in East and West, [34];
- relations of Rome to, after the first Macedonian war, [54], [55];
- its influence extended by Rome, [92], [93];
- international law in its oldest times, [178];
- in Macedonian times, [179];
- highest developement of cities in, [186];
- survival of Federal systems in, [225];
- its position under Trajan, [229].
- Greece, Greater, [14];
- Greek, use of the name, [113];
- Greek cities, their position under the Roman Empire, [239];
- Greek language, its history in the Eastern Empire, [115]-[117].
- Greek nation, modern, its origin, [16].
- Greek studies, their value, [9], [10].
- Greeks, their relations to other nations, [13];
- Gregory the Great, his letter to Phocas, [125]; [158].
- Gregory the Seventh, his career and death, [156], [157].
H.
- Hadriatic Sea, Western boundary of permanent Greek life, [17].
- Hamilkar, his exploits and those of his House, [48].
- Hannibal, his character and historic position, [50]-[53].
- Hannibalian war, its character, [50]-[52].
- Hansa, its growth, [201];
- Henry the Fourth, Emperor, his position at the time of the First Crusade, [162].
- Henry the Seventh, Emperor, [132]; [147].
- Heraclius, his exploits, [129]; [133].
- Herodotus, his clear view of history, [18]; [21].
- Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, [95]; [111]; [112].
- Homer, his historic witness, [18]-[20].
I.
- Imperator and Imperator electus, [111].
- Imperial power, its original nature, [69];
- Innocent the Third, his relation to the Fourth Crusade, [165].
- International law, times of its importance, [177]-[180];
- Italy, relations of its nations to the Greek cities, [31];
- help for its cities sought in Greece, [32]-[34];
- how affected by the Teutonic invasions, [90], [91];
- its position under Theodoric, [97], [98];
- reconquered by the Empire, [98];
- divided between the Empire and the Lombards, [ib.];
- southern part remains Greek, [ib.];
- developement of cities in, [186];
- its disunion, [189]; [193];
- position of cities in, [191];
- its reunion, [193]-[195];
- its drawbacks, [194].
- Janissaries, [167].
- Jerusalem, recovered by Frederick the Second, [163].
- Jews, revival of their power under the Maccabees, [66];
- their mission in the world, [ib.]
- John Sobieski, Vienna delivered by, [171].
- Joseph the Second, Emperor, [152].
- Justinian, closes the University of Athens, [85];
K.
- Kingship, various forms of in the Polybian age, [36].
- Korkyra, its position in Homeric times, [20];
- becomes Greek, [24].
- Kyrênê, colonization of, [24].
L.
- Latin language, its history in the Eastern Empire, [114]-[117].
- Λατῖνοι, opposed to Ῥωμαῖοι, [141].
- Lectures, scheme of, [204]-[206];
- given in America, [205].
- Leo the Isaurian, beats back the Saracens, [134].
- Leopold the First, Emperor, compared with Constantine Palaiologos, [171].
- Lesbos, mention of in Homer, [19].
- Lewis the Second, Emperor, his controversy with Basil the Macedonian, [108];
- Lignitz, defeat of the Mongols at, [161].
- Lübeck, its coinage, [202].
- Lykia, League of, [37];
M.
- Macedonia, its relations to Greece, [14].
- Macedonian Conquests, effects of, [14], [15].
- Macedonian Emperors, their work, [132], [133].
- Macedonian Wars, character of the First, [51], [52].
- Magyars, effects of their settlement and conversion, [94].
- Mahomet the Second, his European position, [167].
- Mahometan history, its date, [11].
- Mahometanism, its special rivalry with Christianity, [133].
- Marcus, his reign, [76].
- Maria Theresa, [152].
- Marius, Gaius, his work, [60].
- Massalia, its time of greatness, [25];
- its two republican periods, [192].
- Maximilian, Imperator electus, [138];
- his tomb, [147].
- Merwings, end of, [158].
- Milêtos, mention of in Homer, [19].
- Mogul Empire, [150].
- Mykênê, Empire of, [18].
N.
- Nations, answer to cities, [177], [178]; [183];
- Nikaia, Sultans of, [135], [144], [145];
- Nikêphoros, Emperor, acknowledges the claim of Charles the Great, [108].
- Nikomêdeia, its position under Trajan, [234], [235].
- Normandy, settlement of, [190].
O.
- Odowakar, his position and history, [96].
- Odysseus, his relation to his overlord, [18].
- Olbia, Diôn Chrysostom’s account of, [231].
- Olympiad, First, a starting-point, [10], [11].
- Otto the Great, Emperor, [131].
- Otto the Third, Emperor, [131].
- Ottoman Turks, their advance in Asia and Europe, [165]-[168].
P.
- Palaiologoi, their Empire a survival of the old Empire, [142];
- their recovery of Peloponnêsos, [ib.]
- Panormos, Phœnician colony, [24].
- Paris, the centre of France, [191].
- Parthia, Greek influence on, [15];
- its relations to Rome, [62].
- Patricians, Teutonic, [105].
- Peloponnêsos, recovered by the Palaiologoi, [142].
- Pergamon, the model kingdom, [37];
- Persia, its historic position, [27]-[29];
- Persian Wars, their nature, [21].
- Philip, how looked on at Megalopolis, [32].
- Philip the Fifth, his failure to help Hannibal, [51], [54].
- Phœnicia, its history and relation to Greece, [12]; [20];
- Physical inventions, their political effect, [183]-[185].
- Pippin, Patrician, [105];
- Pliny, his correspondence with Trajan, [225], [226]; [233]-[239];
- Plutarch, his account of contemporary Greek commonwealths, [225]-[230];
- Poland, Vienna delivered by, [171];
- share of the House of Austria in its partition, [172].
- Polybios, preserves the non-Athenian tradition of Philip, [32];
- Pompeius Gnæus, his work in the East, [61].
- Pontius Telesinus, [61].
- Pontos, Greek influence on, [15].
- Popes, a survival of the Empire, [155];
- Pragmatic Sanction, [152].
- Pressburg, Treaty of, [149].
- Protected states, their position, [224].
- Provence, its commonwealth, [192].
- Provinces, slow annexation of, [72], [73];
- Prusa, speech of Diôn Chrysostom at, [232].
- Punic Wars, an episode in European history, [49], [50].
- Pyrrhos, his Hellenic position, [14]; [17];
R.
- Ragusa, its commonwealth suppressed, [203].
- Ravenna, Emperors at, [157].
- Respublica, use of the word, [125].
- Rex Græciæ, Eastern Emperor so called, [108], [109].
- Rhodes, mention of in Homer, [19];
- Roger, Count, his recovery of Sicily, [135].
- Roman, use of the name, [43].
- Roman Church, its boundaries, [181], [182].
- Roman Empire, when did its decline begin? [75];
- its extension, [76];
- effect of the fifth century on, [79];
- its traditions kept on in the East, [79], [80];
- relations of its Eastern and Western divisions, [79]-[81];
- its enlargement under Charles, [105]; [109], [110];
- its nature under Charles, [106], [107];
- its final division in 800, [108], [109];
- parted from the Roman nation, [110], [111];
- translation of, [112]-[114];
- its extent in the fifth century, [122];
- its reconquest in the sixth century, [124]-[126];
- advance of centralization in, [211];
- change from republic to empire, [212]-[214].
- Roman kingdom, in Gaul, [123].
- Roman nation, created by the Edict of Antoninus, [42];
- Roman Senate, acts as an international court, [57], [58].
- Romance languages, their origin, [90].
- Romance nations, their origin, [90]-[92];
- their relation to the Roman Church, [182].
- Romani, use of the name, [73], [111].
- Romania, Latin Empire of, [145];
- its style, [146].
- Rome, her historic position, [3], [4];
- her epithet of “Eternal,” [4];
- her part in the Eastern Question, [5];
- her relation to Greece, [15];
- her early position, [26];
- her first dealings with Greeks, [31];
- her sudden entrance in the East, [35]; [37];
- slowness of her second advance, [39]-[41];
- her first relations with Greece, [40], [41];
- importance of her geographical position, [41];
- her rule, the rule of a city, [42];
- her historic calling, [43];
- her relations to Gauls and Teutons, [43], [44];
- her growth in Italy, [44], [45];
- effects of her war with Pyrrhos, [45];
- her rivalry and first war with Carthage, [46], [47];
- strife of with Carthage for Spain, [48], [49];
- her establishment beyond the Hadriatic, [49], [50];
- how affected by the Hannibalian war, [50]-[53];
- her position in the East after the first Macedonian war, [54]-[55];
- her advance in the second century B.C., [55]-[59];
- her time of trial, [60], [61];
- her relations with Syria and Gaul, [61], [62];
- her calling in the East, [62], [63];
- her special rivalry with Persia, [63];
- her first dealings with Germany, [64];
- Christianity needful for its mission, [67];
- change from commonwealth to Empire, [69];
- its effect on the city and the province, [69], [70];
- lessening of her local importance, [73], [74];
- remains specially Pagan, [74];
- falls away from the Empire, [80];
- her relation to her allies, [82]-[85];
- their slow incorporation, [84], [85];
- extension of Greek influence by, [93];
- her influence extended by the Teutonic settlements, [ib.];
- her influence beyond the Empire, [94];
- taken by the Goths, [95];
- never occupied by the Lombards, [98];
- her position compared with that of Constantinople, [100]-[102];
- absence of the Emperors from, [101];
- her relations to Mahometanism, [133];
- represented by the Popes, [164], [165]; [181], [182];
- the world without Rome, [173]-[176];
- the world before and after Rome, [176];
- effect of her reunion with Italy, [194], [195];
- her position under the Popes, [194];
- gradual establishment of her power, [209];
- modern analogies to, [ib.];
- nature of her power over her allies, [214]-[217];
- analogies with its internal constitution, [214];
- her treatment of her allies, [217], [218];
- comparison of her power in East and West, [239].
- Rome, Roum, Sultans of, [135]; [144], [145].
- Rouman language, its origin, [115].
- Roumans, their relation to the Slavs, [103];
- growth of, [119].
- Rudolf of Habsburg, King, not Emperor, [139].
- Russian Empire, [153], [154].
- Ῥωμαῖοι, use of the name, [73]; [86]; [117]; [141]; [146].
S.
- Samuel, Bulgarian Tzar, [133].
- San Marino, relations of, [217].
- Saxon Emperors, their work, [130], [131];
- their wars with the Magyars, [161].
- Saxons, first mentioned, [64].
- Scandinavia, Roman influence in, [94].
- Scotland, compared with Switzerland, [198].
- Second Century B.C., advance of Rome in, [55]-[59];
- time of Barbarian revival, [62].
- Seleukid Kings, their position, [36];
- Seljuk Turks, their conquest, [166].
- Sentinum, battle of, [44].
- Shires, English, their position, [210].
- Sicily, its relations to Greece, [14];
- Sidonius Apollinaris, [44].
- Sikans, mention of in Homer, [20].
- Sikels, mention of in Homer, [20].
- Simeon, Bulgarian Tzar, [113].
- Sixth Century A.D., its historical character, [124]-[126].
- Sixth Century B.C., greatest time of free Hellas, [23].
- Slaves, their relation to Rome, East and West, [94];
- Spain, her historic position, [48];
- Stephen Dushan, Servian Tzar, [113].
- Strabo, his description of the Lykian League, [223].
- Suevians, their settlement in Spain, [122].
- Sulla, Lucius, his work, [61].
- Swabian Emperors, their position, [148], [149];
- compared with the Austrian, [ib.]
- Switzerland, represents Burgundy, [197], [198];
- Sybaris, its time of greatness, [25].
- Syracuse, its time of greatness, [25].
- Syria, its position under Rome, [61];
- Saracen conquest of, [133].
T.
- Taras, Tarentum, its time of greatness, [25].
- Tauromenion, its long resistance, [134], [135].
- Teutonic nations, their relation to the Roman Church, [181], [182].
- Teutonic race, beginning of its threefold history, [64].
- Teutons, Roman influence extended by their settlements, [93].
- Theodoric, the East-Goth, [44];
- Theodoric, the West-Goth, [44].
- Theophilos, Emperor, annexes Cherson, [222].
- Thessalonikê, Empire of, [143].
- Third Century B.C., [36], [37];
- compared with the fifth century A.D., [81].
- Thucydides, his experience compared with that of Polybios, [35], [36].
- Trajan, his reign, [75], [76];
- Trebizond, Empire of, [143].
- Tribes, united into nations, [187];
U.
V.
- Vandals, their settlements, [88], [89]; [122].
- Vercellæ, battle of, [44].
- Vienna, siege of in 1683, [171].
W.
- Western Emperors, their Eastern wars, [161].
- Western Empire, in what sense German, [112]-[116];
- Westfalia, Peace of, compared with that of Constance, [139].
Y.
Z.
- Zama, battle of, its effect, [53], [54].
- Zones of Greek Influence, [14], [15].
- Zu allen Zeiten Mehrer des Reichs, title of, [109].
THE END.
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FOOTNOTES
[1] May 29, 1885.
[2] History of Federal Government, i. 208.
[3] Polybios, xxx. 519; xxxi. 7, 16, 17.
[4] Strabo, xiv. 3, vol. iii. p. 219, Tauchnitz.
[5] Καὶ περὶ πολέμου δὲ καὶ εἰρήνης καὶ συμμαχίας ἐβουλεύοντο πρότερον, νῦν δ' οὐκ εἰκὸς, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ταῦτ' ἀνάγκη κεῖσθαι, πλὴν εἰ ἐκείνων ἐπιτρεψάντων ἢ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν εἴη χρήσιμον. That is to say, the right had never been formally taken away; only it practically could not be exercised.
[6] In writing this article I have had several times in my thoughts a controversy on “Home Rule under the Roman Empire,” which will be found in two numbers of Macmillan’s Magazine for November 1882 and March 1883. This controversy is instructive in many ways, specially as showing how utterly, and how contentedly, large parts of Roman history and Roman literature may be passed by, even by a scholar who enjoys a high repute in other branches of those subjects. The comparison between the Lykian League and the city of London comes from the second of the two articles. Its author could hardly have read the description of the League in Strabo.
[7] See History of Federal Government, i. 136.
[8] His Πολιτικὰ Παραγγέλματα, commonly quoted as Reipublicæ Gerendæ Præcepta.
[9] A still closer parallel might have been found up to the present reign, as long as the Deans of the churches of the Old Foundation were chosen by the Chapters. By long-standing custom a nominee of the Crown was always chosen, though there was not, as in the case of the election of Bishops, any legal obligation so to do.
[10] C. 5. ἢ τοῦ βαλανείου διδόντες ἢ πυῤῥίχας τινας ἢ μονομάχων θεάματα παρασκευάζοντες ἀεὶ δημαγωγοῦσι, μᾶλλον δὲ δημοκοποῦσι.
[11] C. 10.
[12] C. 17. ἀρχόμενος ἄρχεις, ὑποτεταγμένης πόλεως ἀνθυπάτοις, ἐπιτρόποις Καίσαρος.
[13] C. 32. ἐλευθερίας δὲ ὅσον οἱ κρατοῦντες νέμουσι τοῖς δήμοις μέτεστι, καὶ τὸ πλέον ἴσως οὐκ ἄμεινον.
[14] C. 32. ποία δύναμις ἣν μικρὸν ἀνθυπάτου διάταγμα κατέλυσεν ἣ μετέστησεν εἰς ἄλλο.
[15] C. 19. οἱ πάντι δόγματι καὶ συνεδρίῳ καὶ χάριτι καὶ διοικήσει προσάγοντες ἡγεμονικὴν κρίσιν ἀναγκάζουσι ἑαυτῶν μᾶλλον ἢ βούλονται δεσπότας εἶναι τοὺς ἡγουμένους.
[16] C. 18.
[17] C. 17.
[18] Ibid. ὁρῶτα τοὺς καλτίους ἐπάνω τῆς κεφαλῆς.
[19] Oration vii. Εὐβοϊκὸς ἢ Κυνηγός.
[20] Oration xxxvi. Βορυσθενικός.
[21] Oration xxxi. vol. i. p. 364, Dindorf. ταῦτα ἐν δημοκρατίᾳ καὶ παρ' ὑμῖν, οἱ μέγιστον φρονεῖτε ἐπὶ τῷ νόμισμως καὶ δικαίως διοικεῖν τὰ παρ' ἑαυτοῖς.
[22] Ibid. p. 380. τοῖς μὲν γὰρ [Ῥοδίοις] μόνον ὑπάρχειν τὴν ἐλευθερίαν δίχα Ἀθηναίων.
[23] Ibid. p. 350. τῆς λοιπῆς Ἑλλάδος τρόπον τινὰ ἐσβεσμένης μόνους ἐφ' αὑτοῖς διαφυλάξαι τὸ κοινὸν ἀξίωμα τῶν Ἑλλήνων εἰς τὸν νῦν παρόντα χρόνον. So p. 398; μόνοι καταλείπεσθε τῶν Ἑλλήνων οἷς ἂν καὶ παραινέσαι τις καὶ περὶ ᾧ ἔστιν ἔτι λυπηθῆναι δοκούντων ἁμαρτάνειν.
[24] Ibid. pp. 359, 380, 381, 387, 393.
[25] Ibid. pp. 367, 383.
[26] See the forty-third and forty-fourth orations.
[27] Once perhaps in the home orations, xliv. (vol. ii. p. 117); εὖ γὰρ ἴστε ὅτι τὴν μὲν λεγομένην ἐλευθερίαν, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦθ', ὃ παρὰ τῶν κρατούντων καὶ δυναμένων γίγνεται ἐνιότε οὐ δυνατὸν κτήσασθαι.
[28] Oration xxxviii. Πρὸς Νικομηδεῖς περὶ ὁμονοίας τῆς πρὸς Νικαιεῖς. vol. ii. pp. 74, 75, 76.
[29] Ibid. p. 80.
[30] Epp. Plini et Trajani, 31, 33, 34, 37, 39, 40, 41, 48, 49, 70, 71, 74, 81, 90.
[31] Ep. 34. “Tibi quidem secundum exempla complurium in mentem venit posse collegium fabrorum apud Nicomedenses constitui. Sed meminerimus provinciam istam et præcipue eas civitates ejusmodi factionibus esse vexatas. Quodcumque nomen ex quacumque causa dederimus iis qui in idem contracti fuerint ... hetæriæque fient.”
[32] In Ep. 81 there are references to Diôn himself. He was a Roman citizen.
[33] Oration xli. vol. ii. pp. 103, 105.
[34] Plin. et Traj. Epist. 47, 48 (56, 57). The claim of the colony is “habuisse privilegium et vetustissimum morem arbitrio suo rem publicam administrare.” The Emperor’s answer is, “Remuneranda est igitur probitas eorum, et jam nunc sciant quod inspecturus es ex mea voluntate salvis, quæ habent privilegiis esse facturum.”
[35] See its own citizen Strabo, xii. 3 (iii. 24 Tauchnitz). The Dictator Cæsar delivered it from Pharnakês; Antonius παρέδωκε βασιλεῦσι, εἶτ' ἠλευθερώθη πάλιν μετὰ τὰ Ἀκτιακὰ ὑπὸ Καίσαρος τοῦ Σεβάστου καὶ νῦν εὖ συνέστηκεν. Pliny (92 or 93) says, “Amisenorum civitas libera et fœderata beneficio indulgentiæ tuæ legibus suis utitur.” Trajan answers, “Si legibus istorum quibus de officio fœderis utuntur concessum est eranon habere,” &c. “In cæteris civitatibus, quæ nostro jure obstrictæ sunt, res hujusmodi prohibenda est.” There is another mention of Amisos in Letter 110, which reads rather like sharp practice on the part of the free and allied city, its boule and ecclesia.
[36] “Possumus quo minus habeant non impedire, eo facilius si tali conlatione non ad turbas et ad inlicitos cœtus, sed ad sustinendam tenuiorum inopam utuntur.”
Transcriber's note
- Obvious printer errors have been silently corrected.
- Original spelling was kept, but variant spellings were made consistent when a predominant usage was found.
- Blank pages have been skipped.