TURKISH RAILWAYS IN 1918
TURKEY, THE GREAT POWERS,
AND THE BAGDAD RAILWAY
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
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TORONTO
Turkey, The Great Powers,
and
The Bagdad Railway
A Study in Imperialism
BY
EDWARD MEAD EARLE, Ph.D.
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF HISTORY IN
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
1924
All rights reserved
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Copyright, 1923,
By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.
Set up and electrotyped. Published July, 1923.
ReprintedJuly, 1924
Press of
J. J. Little & Ives Company
New York, U. S. A.
“When the history of the latter part of the nineteenth century will come to be written, one event will be singled out above all others for its intrinsic importance and for its far-reaching results; namely, the conventions of 1899 and of 1902 between His Imperial Majesty the Sultan of Turkey and the German Company of the Anatolian Railways.”—Charles Sarolea, The Bagdad Railway and German Expansion as a Factor in European Politics (Edinburgh, 1907), p. 3.
“The Turkish Government, I know, have been accused of being corrupt. I venture to submit that it has not been for want of encouragement from Europeans that the Turks have been corrupt. The sinister—I think it is not going too far to use that word—effect of European financiers on Turkey has had more to do with the misgovernment than any Turk, young or old.”—Sir Mark Sykes, in the House of Commons, March 18, 1914.