CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
I An Ancient Trade Route is Revived[1]
II Backward Turkey Invites Economic Exploitation[9]
Turkish Sovereignty is a Polite Formality[9]
The Natural Wealth of Asiatic Turkey Offers AlluringOpportunities[13]
Forces Are at Work for Regeneration[17]
III Germans Become Interested in the Near East[29]
The First Rails Are Laid[29]
The Traders Follow the Investors[35]
The German Government Becomes Interested[38]

German Economic Interests Make for Near EasternImperialism

[45]
IV The Sultan Mortgages His Empire[58]
The Germans Overcome Competition[58]
The Bagdad Railway Concession is Granted[67]
The Locomotive is to Supplant the Camel[71]
The Sultan Loosens the Purse-Strings[75]
Some Turkish Rights Are Safeguarded[81]
V Peaceful Penetration Progresses[92]
The Financiers Get Their First Profits[92]
The Bankers’ Interests Become More Extensive[97]
Broader Business Interests Develop[101]
Sea Communications Are Established[107]
VI The Bagdad Railway Becomes an Imperial Enterprise[120]
Political Interests Come to the Fore[120]
Religious and Cultural Interests Reënforce Politicaland Economic Motives[131]
Some Few Voices Are Raised in Protest[137]
VII Russia Resists and France is Uncertain[147]
Russia Voices Her Displeasure[147]
The French Government Hesitates[153]
French Interests Are Believed to be Menaced[157]
The Bagdad Railway Claims French Supporters[165]
VIII Great Britain Blocks the Way[176]
Early British Opinions Are Favorable[176]
The British Government Yields to Pressure[180]
Vested Interests Come to the Fore[189]
Imperial Defence Becomes the Primary Concern[195]
British Resistance is Stiffened by the Entente[202]
IX The Young Turks Are Won Over[217]
A Golden Opportunity Presents Itself to the EntentePowers[217]
The Germans Achieve a Diplomatic Triumph[222]
The German Railways Justify Their Existence[229]
The Young Turks Have Some Mental Reservations[235]
X Bargains Are Struck[239]
The Kaiser and the Tsar Agree at Potsdam[239]
French Capitalists Share in the Spoils[244]
The Young Turks Conciliate Great Britain[252]
British Imperial Interests Are Further Safeguarded[258]
Diplomatic Bargaining Fails to Preserve Peace[266]
XI Turkey, Crushed to Earth, Rises Again[275]
Nationalism and Militarism Triumph at Constantinople[275]
Asiatic Turkey Becomes One of the Stakes of theWar[279]
Germany Wins Temporary Domination of theNear East[287]
“Berlin to Bagdad” Becomes but a Memory[292]
To the Victors Belong the Spoils [300]
“The Ottoman Empire is Dead. Long LiveTurkey!”[303]
XII The Struggle for the Bagdad Railway is Resumed[314]
Germany is Eliminated and Russia Withdraws[314]
France Steals a March and is Accompanied byItaly[318]
British Interests Acquire a Claim to the BagdadRailway[327]
America Embarks on an Uncharted Sea[336]
Index[355]