Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings

by Edward Sylvester Morse

Illustrations

• [Fig. 1.—View in Tokio, showing shops and houses. (Copied from a Photograph).]
• [Fig. 2.—View in Tokio, showing temples and gardens. (Copied from a Photograph).]
• [Fig. 3.—View of Enoshima (Copied from a Photograph).]
• [Fig. 4.—Side Framing.]
• [Fig 5.—Pounding Down Foundation Stones.]
• [Fig. 6.—Foundation Stones.]
• [Fig. 7.—Section of Framing.]
• [Fig. 8.—Framing.]
• [Fig. 9.—End-framing of Large Building.]
• [Fig 10.—Roof-frame of Large Building.]
• [Fig. 11.—Roof-framing of a Kura.]
• [Fig. 12.—Framing of an Ordinary Two-stored House.]
• [Fig. 13.—Outside Braces.]
• [Fig. 14.—Outside Brace.]
• [Fig. 15.—Ornamental Brace.]
• [Fig. 16.—Method of Cutting Timber for House-Finish.]
• [Fig. 17.—Section of Post Grooved for Partition.]
• [Fig. 18.—Bundle of Boards.]
• [Fig. 19.—Section of ceiling.]
• [Fig. 20.—Ceiling-rafters Supported Temporarily.]
• [Fig. 21.—Method of Suspending Ceiling as Seen from Above.]
• [Fig. 22.—Ceiling-Board Weighted with Stones.]
• [Fig. 23.—Ceiling-Board in Closet.]
• [Fig. 24.—Method of Removing Boards from a Bundle to Preserve Uniformity of Grain.]
• [Fig. 25.—Arrangement of Square Tiles on Side of House.]
• [Fig. 26.—A Japanese Carpenter's Vice.]
• [Fig. 27.—Carpenters' Tools in Common Use.]
• [Fig. 28.—A Japanese Nail-Basket.]
• [Fig. 29.—A Carpenter's Marking-Brush Made of Wood.]
• [Fig. 30.—The Sumi-Tsubo.]
• [Fig. 31.—The Japanese Plumb-Line.]
• [Fig. 32.—Ancient Carpenter (copied from an old painting).]
• [Fig. 33.—Street in Kanda Ku, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 34.—Street in Kanda Ku, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 35.—Block of Cheap Tenements in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 36.—Street View of Dwelling in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 37.—View of Dwelling from Garden, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 38.—Dwelling Near Kudan, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 39.—Country Inn in Rikuzen.]
• [Fig. 40.—Country Inn in Rikuzen.]
• [Fig. 41.—House Near Mororan, Yezo.]
• [Fig. 42.—Bay Window, Village of Odzuka, Rikuzen.]
• [Fig. 43.—Three-storied House in Rikuchiu.]
• [Fig. 44.—Street in the Suburbs of Morioka.]
• [Fig. 45.—Old Farm-house in Kabutoyama.]
• [Fig. 46.—Entrance to Court-yard of Old House in Kioto.]
• [Fig. 47.—Old house in Kioto. Court-yard view.]
• [Fig. 48.—Old House in Kioto, Garden View.]
• [Fig. 49.—House in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 50.—View from the Second Story of Dwelling in Imado, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 51.—Old Inn in Mishima, Suruga.]
• [Fig. 52.—Village Street in Nasaike, Yamashiro.]
• [Fig. 53.—Shore of Osumi.]
• [Fig. 54.—Farmer's Houses in Mototaru-Midsu, Osumi.]
• [Fig. 55.—Fishermen's Huts in Hakodate.]
• [Fig. 56.—Fishermen's Huts in Enoshima.]
• [Fig. 57.—Kura in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 58.—Kura, or Fire-proof Buildings in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 59.—Old House in Hakodate.]
• [Fig. 60.—Hisashi.]
• [Fig. 61.—Bunch of shingles, nails, and hammer.]
• [Fig. 62.—Shingler's Hand.]
• [Fig. 63.—Bamboo Strips on Shingle-Roof.]
• [Fig. 64.—Roof with shingles partly laid.]
• [Fig. 65.—Ridge on shingle-roof in Musashi.]
• [Fig. 66.—Water-conductor.]
• [Fig. 67.—Ridge of tiled roof.]
• [Fig. 68.—Ornamental coping of tiles.]
• [Fig. 69.—Ornamental coping of tiles.]
• [Fig. 70.—Ornamental coping of tiles.]
• [Fig. 71.—Eaves of tiled roof.]
• [Fig. 72.—Nagasaki tiled roof.]
• [Fig. 73.—Hon-gawara, or True Tile.]
• [Fig. 74.—Yedo-gawara, or Yedo-tile eaves.]
• [Fig. 75.—French tile eaves.]
• [Fig. 76.—Itami tile for ridge.]
• [Fig. 77.—Stone roof.]
• [Fig. 78.—Thatch, and thatcher's implements.]
• [Fig. 79.—End of roof in Fujita, Iwaki.]
• [Fig. 80.—Tiled ridge of thatched roof in Iwaki.]
• [Fig. 81.—Tiled ridge of thatched roof in Musashi.]
• [Fig. 82.—Bamboo-ridge of thatched roof in Musashi.]
• [Fig. 83.—Thatched Roof, near Tokio.]
• [Fig. 84.—Thatched roof, near Tokio.]
• [Fig. 85.—Ridge of thatched roof at Kabutoyama, Musashi.]
• [Fig. 86.—Crest of thatched roof in Omi.]
• [Fig. 87.—Tile and bamboo ridge of thatched roof, Takatsuki, Setsu.]
• [Fig. 88.—Crest of thatched roof in Mikawa.]
• [Fig. 89.—Crest of thatched roof in Kioto.]
• [Fig. 90.—Crest of thatched roof in Mikawa.]
• [Fig. 91.—Crest of thatched roof in Kii.]
• [Fig. 92.—Thatched roof in Totomi.]
• [Fig. 93.—Crest of thatched roof in Kii.]
• [Fig. 94.—Crest of thatched roof in Ise.]
• [Fig. 95.—Paved space under eaves of thatched roof.]
• [Fig. 96.—Guest-room in Hachi-ishi.]
• [Fig. 97.—Plan of dwelling-house in Tokio. P, Parlor or Guest-room; S, Sitting-room; D, Dining-room; L, Library, St, Study, SR Servants' Room; B, Bed-room, K, Kitchen, H, Hall; V Vestibule; C, Closet; T Tokonoma; Sh, Shrine, U and L, Privy.]
• [Fig. 98.—Plan of dwelling-house in Tokio. P, Parlor or Guest-room; B, Bed-room, K, Kitchen, SR Servants' Room; BR, Bath Room, E, E, Side-entrances, V Vestibule; H, Hall; WR, Waiting-room; C, Closet; T Tokonoma; U and L, Privy.]
• [Fig. 99.—Plan of a portion of a Daimyo's residence.]
• [Fig. 100.—Mat.]
• [Fig. 101.—Arrangement of mats in different-sized rooms.]
• [Fig. 102.—Attitude of woman in sitting.]
• [Fig. 103.—Section through verandah and guest-room.]
• [Fig. 104.—Reed-screen.]
• [Fig. 105.—Sliding panel.]
• [Fig. 106.—Hikite.]
• [Fig. 107.—Hikite.]
• [Fig. 108.—Hikite.]
• [Fig. 109.—Hikite.]
• [Fig. 110.—Hikite with cord.]
• [Fig. 111.—Straightening shōji frame.]
• [Fig. 112.—Shōji with ornamental frame.]
• [Fig. 113.—Portion of Toko-Bashira.]
• [Figs. 114, 115, 116, and 117. Ornamental-headed nails.]
• [Fig. 118.—Shelves contrasted with conventional drawing of mist, or clouds.]
• [Fig. 119.—Guest-room.]
• [Fig. 120.—Guest-room, with recesses in corners.]
• [Fig. 121.—Guest-room showing circular window.]
• [Fig. 122.—Guest-room showing writing-place.]
• [Fig. 123.—Guest-room with wide tokonoma.]
• [Fig. 124.—Small guest-room.]
• [Fig. 125.—Guest-room of dwelling in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 126.—Guest-koom in Kiyomidzu, Kioto.]
• [Fig. 127.—Guest-room of dwelling in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 128.—Guest-room of a country house.]
• [Fig. 129.—Corner of guest-room.]
• [Fig. 130.—Tea-room in Nan-en-ji temple, Kioto.]
• [Fig. 131.—Tea-room in Fujimi pottery, Nagoya.]
• [Fig. 132.—Tea-room in Miyajima.]
• [Fig. 133.—Kitchen for tea-utensils.]
• [Fig. 134.—Tea-room in Imado, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 135.—Corner of the tea-room shown in Fig. 134.]
• [Fig. 136.—Room in second story of an old building in Kawagoye, Musashi.]
• [Fig. 137.—Room in kura fitted up as a library, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 138.—Framework for draping room in kura.]
• [Fig. 139.—Space between dwelling and kura, roofed over and utilized as a kitchen in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 140.—Doorway of an old kura in Kioto.]
• [Fig. 141.—Key to kura, and bunch of keys.]
• [Fig. 142.—Padlock to kura.]
• [Fig. 143.—Panelled ceiling.]
• [Fig. 144.—Ramma in Hakòne Village.]
• [Fig. 145.—Bamboo ramma.]
• [Fig. 146.—Porcelain ramma in Tokio.]
• [Fig. 147.—Ramma of bamboo and perforated panel.]
• [Fig. 148.—Carved wood ramma in Gojio Village, Yamato.]
• [Fig. 149.—Carved wood ramma in town of Yatsushiro, Higo.]
• [Fig. 150.—Ramma, composed of two thin boards, in Nagoya, Owari.]
• [Fig. 151.—Shōji for window.]
• [Fig. 152.—Shōji-frame for window.]
• [Fig. 153.—Shōji-frame for window.]
• [Fig. 154.—Window.]
• [Fig. 155.—Biyō-bu, or folding screen.]
• [Fig. 156.—Wrought metallic mounting of screen frame.]
• [Fig. 157.—Screen-box.]
• [Fig. 158.—Foot-weight for screen.]
• [Fig. 159.—Furosaki Biyō-bu.]
• [Fig. 160.—Model of tsui-tate in pottery.]
• [Fig. 161.—Tsui-tate.]
• [Fig. 162.—Bamboo curtains.]
• [Fig. 163.—Bamboo curtain.]
• [Fig. 164.—Curtain screen.]
• [Fig. 165.—Fringed curtains.]
• [Fig. 166.—Slashed curtain.]
• [Fig. 167.—Kitchen in old farmhouse at Kabutoyama.]
• [Fig. 168.—Kitchen range.]
• [Fig. 169.—Kitchen range, with smoke-conductor.]
• [Fig. 170.—Kitchen in city house.]
• [Fig. 171.—Braziers.]
• [Fig. 172.—Bamboo rack and knife case.]
• [Fig. 173.—Ji-zai]
• [Fig. 174.—Fireplace in country house.]
• [Fig. 175.—The best fireplace.]
• [Fig. 176.—An adjustable device for supporting a kettle.]
• [Fig. 177.—Kitchen closet, drawers, cupboard, and stairs combined.]
• [Fig. 178.—Stair-rail.]
• [Fig. 179.—Steps to verandah.]
• [Fig. 180.—Bath-tub with side oven.]
• [Fig. 181.—Bath-tub with inside flue.]
• [Fig. 182.—Bath-tub in section, with oven outside the room.]
• [Fig. 183.—Bath-tub with outside heating-chamber.]
• [Fig. 184.—Bath-tub with iron base.]
• [Fig. 185.—Lavatory in country inn.]
• [Fig. 186.—Lavatory in private house.]
• [Fig. 187.—Lavatory copied from Japanese book.]
• [Fig. 188-192.—Forms of towel-racks.]
• [Fig. 193.—Forms of pillow in common use.]
• [Fig. 194.—Showing position of head in resting on pillow.]
• [Fig. 195.—Heating arrangement in floor.]
• [Fig. 196.—Elbow-rest.]
• [Fig. 197.—Common hibachi.]
• [Fig. 198.—Hibachi.]
• [Fig. 199.—Hibachi.]
• [Fig. 200.—Hibachi arranged for company.]
• [Fig. 201.—Tabako-bon.]
• [Fig. 202.—Tabako-box.]
• [Fig. 203.—Tabako-box.]
• [Fig. 204.—Pan for holding burning charcoal.]
• [Fig. 205.—Iron candlestick.]
• [Fig. 206.—Lamp.]
• [Fig. 207.—Lamp.]
• [Fig. 208.—Lamp and laquered stand.]
• [Fig. 209.—Wall-lamp.]
• [Fig. 210.—Lamp.]
• [Fig. 211.—Pottery lamp.]
• [Fig. 212.—Pottery lamp.]
• [Fig. 213.—Pottery candlestick.]
• [Fig. 214.—Fixed street-lantern.]
• [Fig. 215.—Household shrine.]
• [Fig. 216.—Swallows' nests in private house.]
• [Fig. 217.—Interior of privy.]
• [Fig. 218.—Privy of inn in Hachi-ishi village, Nikko.]
• [Fig. 219.—Privy connected with a merchant's house in Asakusa.]
• [Fig. 220.—Interior of a privy in Asakusa.]
• [Fig. 221.—Main entrance to house.]
• [Fig. 222.—Plan of vestibule and hall.]
• [Fig. 223.—Shoe-closet.]
• [Fig. 224.—Lantern-shelf in hall.]
• [Fig. 225.—Grated entrance, with sliding door.]
• [Fig. 226.—Verandah floor.]
• [Fig. 227.—Verandah of an old Kioto house.]
• [Fig. 228.—Balcony rail.]
• [Fig. 229.—Balcony rail and perforated panels.]
• [Fig. 230.—Balcony rail.]
• [Fig. 231.—Balcony rail.]
• [Fig. 232.—Balcony rail.]
• [Fig. 233.—Rain-door lock unbolted.]
• [Fig. 234.—Rain-door lock bolted.]
• [Fig. 235.—Knob for rain-door.]
• [Fig. 236.—Corner-roller for rain-door.]
• [Fig. 237.—Verandah showing swinging closet for rain-doors, and also Chōdzu-bachi.]
• [Fig. 238.—Chōdzu-bachi.]
• [Fig. 239.—Chōdzu-bachi.]
• [Fig. 240.—Chōdzu-bachi.]
• [Fig. 241.—Chōdzu-bachi and Hisashi-yen.]
• [Fig. 242.—Gateway in yashiki building.]
• [Fig. 243.—Gateway of city house from within.]
• [Fig. 244.—Gate-rattle.]
• [Fig. 245.—Bolt for little sliding door in gateway.]
• [Fig. 246.—Gateway to city residence.]
• [Fig. 247.—Gateway to city residence.]
• [Fig. 248.—Gateway near Tokio.]
• [Fig. 249.—Gateway.]
• [Fig. 250.—Rustic gateway.]
• [Fig. 251.—Rustic gateway.]
• [Fig. 252.—Rustic garden gate.]
• [Fig. 253.—Garden gateway.]
• [Fig. 254.—Ordinary wooden fence.]
• [Fig. 255.—Stake fence.]
• [Fig. 256.—Bamboo fence.]
• [Fig. 257.—Fence in Hakòne village.]
• [Fig. 258.—Rustic garden-fence.]
• [Fig. 259.—Sode-gaki.]
• [Fig. 260.—Sode-gaki.]
• [Fig. 261.—Sode-gaki.]
• [Fig. 262.—Barred opening in a fence.]
• [Fig. 263.—Garden tablet.]
• [Fig. 264.—Ishi-dōrō in Tokio]
• [Fig. 265.—Ishi-dōrō in Miyajima]
• [Fig. 266.—Ishi-dōrō in Shirako, Musashi.]
• [Fig. 267.—Ishi-dōrō in Utsunomiya.]
• [Fig. 268.—Stone foot-bridge.]
• [Fig. 269.—Stone foot-bridge.]
• [Fig. 270.—Garden brook and foot-bridge.]
• [Fig. 271.—Summer-house in private garden, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 272.—Summer-house in imperial garden, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 273.—Rustic opening in summer-house, Kobe.]
• [Fig. 274.—Rustic opening in summer-house, Okazaki.]
• [Fig. 275.—Various forms of garden paths.]
• [Fig. 276.—Wooden trough for plants.]
• [Fig. 277.—Plant-pot of old plank.]
• [Fig. 278.—Dwarf plum.]
• [Fig. 279.—Dwarf pine.]
• [Fig. 280.—Curiously trained pine-tree.]
• [Fig. 281.—Dwarfed pine.]
• [Fig. 282.—Shrubs wrapped in straw for winter.]
• [Fig. 283.—Showing approaches to house. (Reproduced from “Chikusan teizoden”, a Japanese work.)]
• [Fig. 284.—Little garden belonging to the priests of a buddhist temple. (Reproduced from “Chikusan teizoden”, a Japanese work.)]
• [Fig. 285.—Garden of a merchant. (Reproduced from “Chikusan teizoden”, a Japanese work.)]
• [Fig. 286.—Garden of a daimio. (Reproduced from “Chikusan teizoden”, a Japanese work.)]
• [Fig. 287.—Ancient form of well-curb.]
• [Fig. 288.—Stone well-curb in private garden.]
• [Fig. 289.—Wooden well-frame.]
• [Fig. 290.—Rustic well-frame.]
• [Fig. 291.—Aqueduct reservoir at Miyajima, Aki.]
• [Fig. 292.—Aqueducts at Miyajima, Aki.]
• [Fig. 293.—Well at Kaga Yashiki, Tokio.]
• [Fig. 294.—Hanging flower-holder of bamboo.]
• [Fig. 295.—Hanging flower-holder of basket-work.]
• [Fig. 296.—Cheap bracket for flower-pots.]
• [Fig. 297.—Curious combination of buckets for flowers.]
• [Fig. 298.—Framed picture, with supports.]
• [Fig. 299.—Hashira kakushi.]
• [Fig. 300.—Writing-desk.]
• [Fig. 301.—Staging on house-roof, with bucket and brush.]
• [Fig. 302.—Box for transporting articles.]
• [Fig. 303.—Malay house near singapore.]
• [Fig. 304.—Ridge of roof in Cholon, Anam.]
• [Fig. 305.—Interior of Malay house, showing bed-place. Singapore.]
• [Fig. 306.—Aino house, Yezo.]
• [Fig. 307.—Aino house, Yezo.]

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To William Sturgis Bigelow, M.D. In memory of the delightful experiences in the “Heart of Japan” this volume is affectionately inscribed by the AUTHOR.

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