MANUSCRIPT

Kurz, Frederick. Journal. Copy of translation in the archives of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution. 1,076 typewritten pages with 125 drawings.

INDEX
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K]
[L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [V] [W]
A
Page
ABORTION, means used to produce[521]
ACCOUNTS, method of keeping[420]-421
ADOPTION OF CAPTIVES[552]
ADULTERY, punishment of[482]
See also INFIDELITY
ADVANCEMENT OF TRIBES[579]-580
AGED PEOPLE, treatment of[422], [443]-444, [576]-577
AGRICULTURE—
among the Missouri Indians[463]-464
claim to land based on[477]
need of[543]
of the Plains tribes[407]
AMERICAN FUR COMPANY, traders of[621]
AMPUTATION, practice of[427]-428
ANIMAL LIFE, of the upper Missouri[410]-412
ANIMAL SYMBOLS, use of[412]
ANIMALS—
belief concerning[487]
custom regarding killing of[412]
list of, used for food[583]
ANNUITIES, distribution of[473]
ANTELOPE, hunting of[535]
ANTIQUITIES, absence of[413], [414]
ARIKARA—
migration of[405]
pottery of[413]
ARROW AND BOW, used in buffalo hunting[542]
ARROWS, game played with[570]
ASSINBOIN INDIANS—
advancement of[579]-580
attitude of, toward debts[476]
character of[459]
characteristics of[397], [468]
discussion of method of dealing with[470]-474
etymologic interpretations of the name[381]
intellectual capacity of[593]-602
intertribal relations of[403]-404
names of[396]
origin of[395]
progress of[620]-623
strength of, compared with white man's[529]
territory occupied by[396]-397
traditional origin of[382]
ATONEMENT, no conception of[490]
AUDUBON, assisted by Denig[381]
B
BAD ANIMAL, Assiniboin war leader,[402]
BALL GAME, described[565]-566
BAND, composition of[431]
BEADS—
use of[590]
BEAR—
claws of, worn as necklace[553]
dead, invocations to[499]-500
killing of[537]-538
BEARD—
extraction of[593]
BEAVER, trapping of[411], [538]
BELIEFS—
concerning animals[487]
concerning astronomy[414]-418
concerning crime[479]-483
concerning future life[418]
concerning Great Spirit[397]
concerning prehistoric annuals[412]
concerning territorial rights[476]-478
concerning the earth[406]
BETTING, on races[566]
BIRDS—
list of, eaten by Indians[583]
BLACK ROOT, medicinal use of[425]-426
BLACKFEET, migration of[405]-406
BLEEDING, practice of[426]
BLUE THUNDER, Assiniboin warrior[402]
BODY PAINTING, for the dance[559], [562]
BONES—
of prehistoric animals[411]-412
of the dead, reinterred[574]-575
BOW AND ABROW, use of[542], [555]
BOWL GAME, description of[567]-569
BOYS, ASSINOBOIN, characteristics of[444]
BRAVERY, exhibition of[550]
BRAVES' DANCE, described[558]-560
BUFFALO—
as food[581]-582
discussion of destruction of[460]-462
hunting of[530]-536
importance of[410]-411
parts of, eaten raw[581]
See also GAME; HUNTING
BULLS' DANCE, described[532]
BULL'S DRY BONES, doctor and soothsayer[422]
BURIAL CUSTOMS[570]-576
BURIAL MOUNDS, absence of[573]
BURIALS—
in lodge[573]
in sitting position[573], [574]
on hilltop[572]
orientation in[572], [573]
scaffold or tree[493], [571], [572], [574]
See also GRAVES
C
CALUMET, ceremonial use of[446]-447
CAMP—
Indian life in[508]-510
organization of[440]-446
CANNIBALISM, in time of famine[523], [534]
CANOE INDIANS, an Assiniboin band[430]
CANOES—
use of[579]
CAPACITY, INTELLECTUAL, of the Indian[593]-602
CAPTIVES, treatment of[551], [552], [553]
CATAMENIAL CUSTOMS[524]
CHARMS—
animal symbols used as[412]
belief in[495]
CHASTITY—
attitude toward violation of[482]
of captives, violation of[553]
See also ADULTERY; VIRGINITY
CHIEFS—
authority of[622]
duties of[431]-432, [441]
See also HEAD CHIEF; WAR CHIEF
CHIEFTAINSHIP—
settlement of[432]-433, [435]
succession in[449]
CHILD BEARING, age of[513]
CHILDBIRTH, customs connected with[429], [516]-517
CHILDREN—
behavior of[520]
care of[444]
correction of[620]
customs concerning[519]
grief over loss of[573]
male, most desirable[521]
mortality among[513]
orphan, care of[576]
torture of, as captives[551], [552]
CLAN TOTEMS, absence of[435]
CLANS, of the Upper Missouri Indians[434]-435
CLIMATE
of the Upper Missouri[410]
CLOTHING
cost of[585]-588
decorated with hair[560]
made of skins[504], [506]
of men[585]-586
of the Assiniboin[464]-465, [584]-590
of women[587]-588
renewal of[588]
worn while sleeping[590]
See also COSTUMES
COLUMBIA FUR COMPANY, traders of[621]
COMMERCE, effect of, on Indian[464], [485], [621]-623
See also TRADE; TRADERS
CONJURORS. See DOCTORS
COOKING, methods of,[582]
COSTUME
of warriors[548], [552]-554
worn at Bulls' dance[562]
worn at Fox dance[561]
worn at Soldiers' dance[563]
COUNCIL, description of[436]-440, [446]-448
COUNCIL LODGE, diagram of[437]
COUNCILS, discussion of[451]
COUNTING, system of[418]-420
COUP, counting of[560]
COURTSHIP, customs of[510]-511
CRADLE BOARDS, use of[519]-520
CRAZY BEAR, Chief
account of[401]
made head chief[431]
speech of[597]-599
CREATOR, conception of[486]
CREDIT, among the Indians[459]
CRIME
beliefs concerning[479]-483
Indian conception of[483]
punishment of[448], [452], [455]
See also RETALIATION
CROW DANCE, described[584]
CROW INDIANS
amputation practiced by[427]
crime among[454]
dress of[587], [588]
treatment by, of captives[551], [552]
D
DANCES
description of[556]-565
love making at[558]
purpose served by[556], [557], [563], [564]-565
DEATHS, causes of[478]
See also BURIAL CUSTOMS; MOURNING CUSTOMS
DEBTS, payment of[459]
DECORATION—
See also ORNAMENTS
DEER hunting of[536]
DENIG, E.T.—
ancestry of[383]-384
brief account of life of[380]-381
character of[382]
Indian name of[386]
tribes described by[379]
DE SMET, REV. G.I.—
acknowledgment by, to Denig[386]
object of correspondence with[467]
DESTRUCTION—
rarity of[425]
DIVINING DANCE, briefly described[564]
DIVINING MAN
application of the term[494]
dress of[586]
See also DOCTORS; PRIESTS
DIVORCE, right of[512]
DOCTORING, See MEDICINE
DOCTORS—
activities of[443]
character of[492]
fear of[485]
office of[492-493]
payment to[423], [424]
See also DIVINING MAN; PRIESTS
DOGS
ceremonial eating of[489, 491]
feast on, at soldiers' dance[563]
DREAMS—
beliefs concerning[494-495]
symbols adopted after[412]
DRESS, See CLOTHING, COSTUMES
DRUMS, described[619]
DUCK DANCE, described[562]
DYESTUFFS, native[591]
E
EAGLE FEATHERS—
badge of distinction[449]
value of[589]
EARTH, beliefs concerning the[414]
EARTH LODGES, construction of[579]
ECLIPSE, beliefs concerning[415]
EDUCATION, discussion of need of[466]-470
ELK, hunting of[537]
ELK HORNS, mound of[398]
ELK TEETH, value of[589]
ERMINE SKINS, value of[589]
EXCHANGE, no medium of[420]
EYESIGHT, acuteness of[527-528]
F
FABLES, of the Assiniboin[609-617]
FACIAL PAINTING
for burial[570]
for the dance[557], [563]
for war[554]
FAMILY LIFE, of the Assiniboin[503-508]
FASTING
in time of scarcity[509]
object of[489-490]
FATHER-IN-LAW TABOO[503-504]
FEASTING, IN TIME OF PLENTY[509]
FEATHERS, eagle
a mark of rank[553]
value of[589]
FETISHES—
belief in[495]
See also CHARMS
FEUDS, the result of murder[453]
See also RETALIATION; REVENGE
FIREARMS—
importance of[466]
valued highly[555]
See also GUNS
FIRST-WHO-FLIES, account of[401-402]
FISHING, among Upper Missouri Indians[544], [582]
FLUTE, use of[512]
FOOD—
animal, of the Upper Missouri Indian[581]-582
of the Plains tribes[407]-408
quantities of, consumed[509]
FOOT RACES, popularity of[566]
FORT BENTON, a trading point[407]
FORT BERTHOLD, a trading point[407]
FORT CLARKE, a trading point[407]
FORT PIERRE, a trading point[407]
FORT UNION—
a trading point[407]
described by Denig[381]
FOX DANCE, described[561]
trapping of[538-539]
FUR TRADE, See TRADE; COMMERCE
FUTURE LIFE, belief in[418]
G
GAMBLING—
among women[569]-570
games used for[567]-570
infatuation for[567]
losses in[569]
See also BETTING
GAME—
abundance of[460]
discussion of diminution of[460]-630
division of, after hunt[456], [531], [533]-534, [539]
laws regarding[455]-456
of the upper Missouri[410]-411
GAMES, of the Indians[565]-566
GENS DES CANOTS, an Assiniboin band[430]
GENS DES FILLES, an Assiniboin band[430]
GENS DES ROCHES, an Assiniboin band[430]
GENS DU GAUCHE, an Assiniboin band[430]
GENS DU LAC, an Assiniboin band[430]
GENS DU NORD, an Assiniboin band[430]
GHOSTS, beliefs concerning[493], [494]
GIFTS—
compensation expected for[600]
for treatment of the sick[424]
return of[475]
GIRLS, ASSINIBOIN, characteristics of[444]
GOVERNMENT, Assiniboin[435], [445]-446
See also CHIEFS, CHIEFTAINSHIP, TRIBAL ORGANIZATION
GRAVES—
not marked[572], [576]
GRAZING, on the plains[408]
GREETINGS, of the Indians[524]
GROS VENTRES—
ceremonial scarification of[490]
self-torture of[522]
women and children spared by[551]
GROS VENTRES OF THE PRAIRIE—
migration of[405]
once Arapaho[405]
GUNS, manner of using[555]
H
HABITAT, of the Assiniboin[406-410]
HAIR—
symbolism of, when decorating clothing[560]
HAIRDRESSING[554]
HANDGAME, description of[569]
HAYDEN, F.V.—
Denig manuscript used by[380]
Denig's vocabulary mentioned by[382]
HEAD CHIEF, duties of[441]
HORSE RACES, trickery in[566]
HORSES—
a cause of warfare[470]
disposal of, at owner's death[479]
introduction of[412]
sacrifice of[491]
stolen by war party[547]
value of[471]
wealth estimated by[474]
HOSPITALITY, INDIAN—
affairs settled through[514]
discussion of[513-515]
self-interest in[515]
HUDSON BAY COMPANY
custom of[594]
ruse practiced[595]
HUNTER—
dress of[586]
precarious life of[504]
HUNTING—
instruction in[542]
laws connected with[455]
season for[539]
HUNTING CUSTOMS[444-445, 504, 530-543]
HYDROPHOBIA, remedy for[426]
I
IDOLS, use of[497]
IMMORTALITY, belief In[418, 498-499]
IMPLEMENTS, of the upper Missouri tribes[398, 414]
INDIAN AGENTS, discussion of office of[473-474]
INDIAN DANCES, See DANCES
INDIAN SCHOOLS, urgent need of[466-470]
INDIAN SONGS, See SONGS
INFANTICIDE, a common custom[521]
INFIDELITY, punishment for[504-505]
INHERITANCE, among the Assiniboin[478-479]
INTERMARRIAGE, with whites[625]
IRON ARROW POINT, CHIEF, mention of[573]
J
JUGGLERY, fear inspired by[528]
K
KINSHIP, terms of[503]
KURZ, FREDERICK, Denig discussed by[384]-386
L
LABOR
attitude toward[553]
division of[463], [505]
LAND, rights to[476]-478
LANGUAGE, of the Assiniboin[402], [625]
LANGUAGES
preservation of[405]
LARAMIE TREATY
effect of[467]
reference to[431]
LE BAS ROUGE, a branch of
the Canoe Indians[431]
Le Chef du Tonnebbe, speech of[600-602]
LE GROS FRANÇOIS, Assiniboin chief[395]
LEGEND, Assiniboin[500-503]
LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION,
mention of[395]
LIQUOR, bad effects of[530]
LODGES
burial in[573]
construction of[577]-578
manner of using[578]
orderly life in[507]-508
soldiers'[436]
See also EARTH LODGES; COUNCIL LODGE; SACRED LODGE
LONG HAIR, Crow chief, mention of[479]
LONGEVITY, of the Indians[513]
LYING, a common custom[482]
M
MANDAN
ceremonial scarification of[490]
epidemic among[400]
self-torture of[522]
MARRIAGE CUSTOMS[504], [506], [507], [510]-512, [522]
See also INTERMARRIAGE
MASTER OF THE PARK, duties of[443]
MEAT—
curing of[581]
division of, after hunt[531]
MEDICINE—
practice of[422-426]
use of the word[486]
MEDICINE MEN, See DOCTORS; PRIESTS
MEDICINE SACK, described[498]
MEDICINES, of the whites, Indian use of[581]
MICE COMRADES' DANCE, described[564]
MIDWIFE, office of[516]
MIGRATION—
of the Assiniboin[395]-396
of tribes[405]-406
MINERAL SPRINGS, occurrence of[409]
MISSIONARIES, discussion of teachings of[468]
MONGOLOID—
beliefs concerning[417], [484]-485
time reckoned by[416]
MORTALITY, among children[513]
MORTUARY CUSTOMS, See BURIALS; GRAVES;MOURNING CUSTOMS; WIDOWERS; WIDOWS
MOTHER-IN-LAW TABOO[503-504]
MOUND, of elk horns[398]
MOUNDS—
absence of[576]
MOURNING CUSTOMS[556], [571], [572], [575]
MURDER—
Indian beliefs concerning[480]
punishment for[452-454]
MUSIC—
described[617-618]
on the flute[512]
MUTILATION, as a sign of mourning[572]
MYTHOLOGY, of the Upper Missouri Indians[500-503]
MYTHS, relating of[607-608]
N
NAMES—
change of[516]-517
of camp soldiers, list of[518]
of chiefs, list of[518-519]
of warriors, list of[518]
of women, list of[619]
NAMING OF CHILDREN[516-517]
NUDITY, attitude toward[560]
O
OATHS, use of[524]
OLD PEOPLE, treatment of[422], [443]-444, [576]-577
OMENS, belief in[497]
ORATORY, of the Indians[526], [596]-602
See alwso SPEECHES
ORIENTATION, in burial[572], [573]
ORNAMENTS, use of[590-591]
P
PAINTING, on clothing[421], [586]
See also BODY PAINTING; FACIAL PAINTING
PAINTS AND DYES, use of[591]
PARENTS, attitude toward[485]
PARK, buffalo caught in[532-533]
PEACE TREATIES, between tribes[404]
PICTOGRAPHS, reading of[412]-413
See also PICTURE WRITING
PICTURE WRITING—
explanation of[603], [606]-607
use of[421], [603]-605
PIPES, use of[413]
POPULATION—
affected by smallpox[465]
causes of reduction in[625]
effect on, of intoxicating drinks[465]
increase of[405]
of the Assiniboin[396-397]
PORCUPINE QUILLS, use of[590], [591]
POTTERY—
of the Arikara[413]
PRAIRIE FIRES, effect of[408]-409
PRAYERS—
object of[412]
of a warrior[483]-484
to ghosts[484]
PRESENTS, See GIFTS
PRIESTS—
character of[492]
name for[486]
office of[492]-493
power of, in council[450]-451
See also DOCTORS; DIVINING MAN
PRIMOGENITURE, among Assiniboin[478]-479
PRISONERS, See CAPTIVES
PROFANITY, lack of, among Indians[482]
PROPERTY—
loss of, as result of crime[480]
of the deceased, disposal of[571]
placed with the dead[571]
PROPERTY RIGHTS, discussion of[474]-476
PROVISION STEALERS' DANCE, described[564]
PUBLIC CRIER, duties of[442]
PUNISHMENT—
for violations of law[445]
of crime[479]-483
See also RETALIATION
Q
QUILLS, PORCUPINE, use of[590], [591]
R
RACES, betting on[566]
RANK, insignia of[592]-593
RAPE, punishment for[482]
RATTLE, made of hoofs[619]
RATTLESNAKE, cure for bite of[425-426]
RED ROOT INDIANS, a branch of the Canoe Indians[430-431]
RELATIONS, GOVERNMENTAL, with Indians, discussion of[470]-474
RELIGION—
discussion of attempted change in[468]-469
of the Upper Missouri Indians[481]-483, [486]-493, [594]
See also CRIME
RETALIATION, among the Assiniboin[452]-455
RETREAT, in warfare, attitude toward[560]
REVENGE, justification of[481]
See also CRIME; RETALIATION
RICE, WILD, use of[584]
ROBBERY, among the Indians[476]
See also THEFT
RUNNING, speed in[529]
S
SACRED LODGE—
ceremony of[488]-489
construction of[488]
SACRIFICE—
amputation of fingers as[427]-428
made by hunters[535]
to the river[536]
to Wakoñda[489]
SCAFFOLD BURIALS
description of[572]
disintegration of[574]
reasons for[571]
SCALP DANCE, description of[557]-558
SCALP SONG, singing of[555], [556], [557]-558
SCALPING, practice of[524]
SCALPING KNIFE, described[555]
SCALPS, rejoicing over[555]-556
SCARIFICATION, practice of[490], [564]
SCHOOLCRAFT, HENRY R., circular by[378]
SCHOOLS
Indian, need of[466]-470
SCOUTS, of war party, duties of[549]
SEASONS, recognition of[415]
SELF-TORTURE, to propitiate Wakñnda[490]
SHELLS
highly valued[590]-591
SHIELD
rawhide, described[553]
SICKNESS
treatment of[423]-424
See also SMALL POX
SIGHT, acuteness in sense of[527]-528
SILVER, use of[591]
SIOUX BANDS, list of[435]
SIOUX INDIANS, dress of[587]
SKIN DRESSING, described[540]-541
SKINS—
judging of[539]
used for clothing[584]
SKY, beliefs concerning[415]
SMALLPOX—
difficulty of curing[428]
epidemics of[396], [399], [400]
SMOKING, custom of[524]
SNOW, hunting in[535]
SOLDIERS—
duties of[442], [448]
organization of[436]
SOLDIERS' DANCE, described[562]
SONGS—
accompanying ceremonies[496]
list of[618]-619
lullabies[620]
use of[617]
SON-IN-LAW, status of[511]
SORCERY, fear inspired by[528]
SPEAKING, in public[526]
SPEARHEADS—
See also POINTS
SPEECHES—
at scalp dance[558]
made by Assiniboin chief[438]-439
of Crazy Bear[597]-599
of Le Chef du Tonnerre[600]-602
See also ORATORY, SPEAKING
STARS, knowledge concerning[417]
STEALING. See THEFT
STOICISM OF THE INDIAN[525]
STONE INDIANS, an Assiniboin band[430]
STORY-TELLING. See MYTHS
STRENGTH, Indians—
Assiniboin[529]
SUGAR, method of obtaining[584]
SUICIDE, among Indians[522]
SUN—
beliefs concerning[415]
worship of[496]
SWEAT HOUSE, use of[425]
See also VAPOR BATHS
SYMBOLS, ANIMAL, use of[412]
T
TABOOS, concerning women[524]
TACITURNITY OF THE INDIAN[526]
TATTOOING—
a mark of dignity[449]
custom of[522], [592]
TERRITORY, rights to[476]-478
THE GAUCHE, Assiniboin chief, account of[400]
THEFT—
among the Indians[476], [481]-482
punishment for[482]
TIME, reckoning of[415-416]
TOBACCO, ceremonial use of[447], [496]
TOMAHAWK, manner of using[555]
TORTURE OF ENEMIES[491]-492, [551]
See also SELF-TORTURE
TRADE—
of the upper Missouri[457]-466
profits of[460]
with the Assiniboin[397-398]
TRADERS—
demands upon[460]
general character of[457, 621]
risks taken by[459]
TRADING, method of[458], [459]
TRADING POINTS, on the Missouri[407]
TRADITIONS—
Assiniboin[402]-403
relating of[521]
TRAVEL—
guidance in[526]-527
traces left by[527]
TREATIES, with the Assiniboin[398]
TREBITSCH, R.[573]
TRIBAL ORGANIZATION, Assiniboin[430-431]
TRIBES—
divisions of[404]
list of, described by Denig[378]
migrations of[405]-406
separation of[405]
TWINS, occurrence of[513]
V
VACCINATION, among the Assiniboin[428]
VAPOR BATHS, effect of[429]
See also SWEAT HOUSE
VEGETAL FOOD, of Upper Missouri Indians[583]
VERMIN, method of disposing of[584]
VESSELS, CLAY, for cooking[581]
VIRGINITY
precautions to insure[590]
violation of, of captives[553]
VOCABULARIES, recorded by Denig[382]-383
W
WAH-HE´ MUZZA, Assiniboin chief[395]
WAKOÑDA
the Creator[414]
the supernatural power[486], [487]-488
WAR
a means of advancement[525]
made to steal horses[544]
made to take scalps[544], [548]-551
object of[544]
WAR CHIEFS, power of[449]-450
WAR CLUB, stone, use of[555]
WAR EXPLOITS, recounting of[559]-560
WAR LEADER, responsibility of[443]
WAR PARTY
attack by, described[549]-550
organization of[544]-545
return of[547]-548
tactics of[545]-547
WAR WHOOP, use of[551]
WARFARE
attitude toward retreat in[560]
causes of[470]
causes of failure in[548]
customs of[544]-554
means of preventing[470]-471
precautions taken in[549]
WARRIOR, burial of[570]-571
WARRIORS
Assiniboin, list of[401]-402
dress of[553]-554, [586], [589]
insignia of[593]
tattooing of[592]
WEAPONS, described[555]
WHIP DANCE, briefly described[564]
WHISTLES, use of, in hunting[537]
WHITE CRANE DANCE, described[563]
WIDOWERS, remarriage of[511]
WIDOWS
remarriage of[511]
suicide among[522]
WILD RICE, use of[584]
WITCHCRAFT, belief in[493]-494
WOLVES, trapping of[538]-539
"WOMAN CHIEF," account of[433]-434
WOMEN
burial of[573]
clothing of[587]
customs regarding[524]
list of names of[519]
marriageable age of[611]
status of[433], [451], [455]
treatment of, as captives[551], [552], [553]
work of[444], [505]
WOMEN'S DANCE, briefly described[564]
WOMEN'S GAME, description of[569]-570
WOOLEN GOODS, introduction of[464]-465
WOUNDS, recovery from[429]-430