Sir Rowland Hill: The Story of a Great Reform

by Eleanor C. Hill Smyth

FOOTNOTES:

[240] When my plan was published, the lowest General Post rate was 4d.; but while the plan was under the consideration of Government the rate between post towns not more than 8 miles asunder was reduced from 4d. to 2d.

[241] In this comparison of revenue, the mode of calculation in use before the adoption of Penny Postage has, of course, been retained—that is to say, the cost of the Packets on the one hand, and the produce of the impressed Newspaper Stamps on the other, have been excluded. The amounts for 1863 are, to some extent, estimated, the accounts not having as yet been fully made up.

---

INDEX

• Abbott, Sec. P.O., Scotland, [259]
• Aberdeen, [54], [206]
• Abolition of postal tolls over Menai and Conway bridges and Scottish border, [161];
• of money prepayment, [228]
• Account-keeping, official (blunders in), [174], [175];
• postal, [62-64], [105], [106], [175];
• practically revolutionised, [219]
• Accountant-General, the, [175]
• Adelaide, South Australia, [19]
• Adhesive stamps. (See Postage stamps)
• Admiralty, the, [174], [236]
• Advertisement duty, the, [97]
• Adviser to the P.O., [214]
• Afghanistan, war in, [176]
• Aggrieved lady, an, [274]
• Air-gun, the, [200]
• Airy, Sir G. B., Astronomer Royal, [34]
• Albert Gold Medal, story of an, [299]
• Algeria, [14]
• Algerine Ambassador, the, [14]
• Allen, Ralph, postal reformer, [55], [71], [77]
• All the Year Round, [267]
• Amalgamation of two corps of letter-carriers, the, [41], [155]
• “Ambassador's bag,” the, [43]
• Ambleside, [132], [204]
• American Chamber of Commerce, the, [68]
• —— colonies, revolt of the, [17];
• and the paper-duty stamp, [188]
• —— rancher, an, [260]
• Amiens, the Peace of, [35], [88]
• Angas, Mr G. F., [19]
• “Anne Pryse, her boke,” [272]
• Annual motion, Mr Villiers', [24]
• —— Reports of the Postmaster-General, [171], [176], [250]
• Annular eclipse of the sun, [266]
• Anonymous letters, [225], [264], [265]
• “Anti-Corn-Law Catechism,” the, [143];
• League, the, [142], [143], [178]
• Appointments, the power to make, transferred to Post Office, [246];
• excellent appointments made by Colonel Maberly, [248];
• best rules for, [209], [261]
• Archer's perforation patent, [200]
• Argyll, Duke of. (See Postmasters-General)
• Armstrong, Sir Wm. (Lord Armstrong), [242]
• Army and Navy, the, [176];
• letters and money orders (Crimean War), [140]
• Arnott, Dr Niel, [28]
• Artist, a puzzled, [203]
• Ashburton, Lord, [39], [124]
• Ashley, Lord. (See Shaftesbury)
• Ashurst, Mr Wm., [114]
• “As if they were all M.P.s,” [131]
• Association for abolition of taxes on knowledge, [97]
• Astronomical Society, the Royal, [291]
• Astronomy, [6], [81];
• an early lesson in, [291]
• Athenæum Club, [31], [237];
• newspaper, [29]
• Atterbury, trial of Bishop, [114]
• Auction sale of lost articles, [271]
• Augean stable, an, [180]
• Augier, M., [79]
• Australia, [19], [65];
• mails to, [237], [238]
• Austria, [37];
• adopts postal reform, [251]
• Authors who draw on their imagination for their facts, [186-189]
• “Autobiographic Sketches,” De Quincey, [16]
• Average postage on letters, the, [41], [165]
• Back-stairs influence, [178-181]
• Bacon, Mr (Messrs Perkins, Bacon & Co.), [207]
• Bad bargains, the State's, [262]
• Baden adopts postal reform, [251]
• Baines family, the (_Leeds Mercury_), [117], [267]
• Baker, Sir B., [261]
• Balcombe, Miss B., [27], [28]
• Bancroft, United States' historian, [134]
• Bandiera, the brothers, [114]
• Bankers' franks, [45]
• “Barbary Corsairs, The,” [15]
• Baring brothers, the, [114]
• ——, Sir F., [138];
• a zealous chief, [145];
• first interview with, [149];
• discusses terms of engagement with R. H., [149-153];
• his friendly attitude, [154];
• distrusts principle of prepayment, [160];
• suggests compulsory use of stamps, [161];
• satisfied with result of tentative rate, [162];
• uneasy at increase of expenditure, [171];
• his indignation at R. H.'s dismissal, [178];
• dreads possible raising of postal rates, [181];
• on suggested revival of old system, [212]
• “Barnaby Rudge,” [224]
• Bates, Mr (Messrs Baring Brothers), [114]
• Bath, [71], [77], [82]
• Bavaria adopts postal reform, [251]
• Baxter, Richard, [300]
• Beaumaris, [297]
• “Bedchamber Difficulty,” the, [144]
• Belated letter, a, [148]
• Belgians, King of the, [278]
• Belgium, [109];
• adopts postal reform, [251], [252]
• Bennett, Sir J., [302]
• Bentham, Jeremy, [13], [34]
• Bentinck, Mr, M.P., [211]
• Bernadotte, [14]
• Bertram, Mr, “Some Memories of Books,” [59]
• Bianconi, “the Palmer of Ireland,” [88]
• Bible, the, [72]
• Birmingham, [7], [8], [10], [11], [66], [67], [84], [88], [113], [133], [162], [274]
• Blackstone on our criminal code, [9]
• Black wall, [75]
• Blanc, Louis, [38]
• “Blind man,” the, in England and France, [298]
• Blue Books, [100], [102];
• a model one, [129]
• Blue Coat School, the, [1]
• Board of Stamps and Taxes (Inland Revenue), the, [119], [188], [197]
• —— Trade, [268]
• —— Works, [249], [250], [256]
• Bodichon, Mme. B. L. S., [36], [118]
• Bokenham, Mr, Head of the Circulation Department, [164], [275], [276]
• Bolton-King, Mr, [114]
• “Bomba,” King, [37]
• Bonner, post official, [84]
• ——, A. and H. B., [195]
• Book post, the, [272], [273]
• Boswell's “Life of Johnson,” [112]
• Bourbons, the, [114]
• Bowring, Sir J., [35]
• Boythorn, Mr, [277]
• Brandram, Mr, [18]
• Brawne, Fanny, [29]
• Brazil adopts postal reform, [251]
• Breakdown prophesied, a, [122]
• Bremen adopts postal reform, [251]
• Brewin, Mr, [41], [42], [67]
• Bridport, [130], [213]
• Brierley Hill, [50]
• Bright, John, [143]
• Brighton, [30], [182-184], [249], [250]
• Brindley, Jas., [260], [261]
• Bristol, [84], [124], [297]
• British Linen Co., the, [66]
• “British Postal Guide,” the, [251]
• Brobdingnagian and Lilliputian letters, [116]
• Brock, Thos., R.A., [301]
• Brodie, Wm., R.S.A., [301]
• Brompton, [57]
• Brookes, Mr, [167]
• Brougham, Lord, [36], [80], [139], [140]
• Brown, Sir Wm., [39], [124]
• Browning, Eliz. Barrett, [163]
• Bruce Castle, [14], [16], [18], [95]
• Brunswick adopts postal reform, [251]
• Budget of 1839, penny postage proposed in the, [135]
• Building and correspondence, relative sizes of, [121]
• Bull-baiting, etc., [25]
• Burgoyne, Sir J., [44]
• Burke, Edmund, [35]
• Burritt, Elihu, [229]
• Busy day, a, [289], [290]
• Butler, S., “Hudibras,” [5]
• Cabful of Blue Books, a, [100]
• Calais, [56]
• Calverley, [22]
• Cambridge, [19]
• ——, Duchess of, [164];
• Princess Mary of, [164]
• Campbell-Bannerman, Lady, [141]
• Campbell, Lord, [85], [241]
• Canada, postal rates to, [56];
• extension of Money Order System to, [220]
• Canals and Railway charges, [230], [231]
• “Candling” letters, [52], [54], [64], [105]
• Canning, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Cape of Good Hope, Steamship Co., [236], [237], [238]
• Carlyle, Thos., [114]
• Carrick-on-Shannon, [77]
• Carriers and others as smugglers, [66-69]
• “Carroll, Lewis,” [179]
• Carter, Rev. J., [25]
• “Castle Rackrent,” etc., [34]
• Catholic Emancipation, [26], [81], [88]
• —— gentleman despoiled, a, [88]
• Causton, Mr R. K., M.P., [302]
• Caxton Exhibition, the, [22]
• Celestial and other postal arrangements, [278]
• Census return (1841), [166]
• “Century of progress,” the, [91]
• Chadwick, Sir E., [28]
• Chalmers, Mr, M.P., [120]
• ——, Jas., [189-193]
• ——, P., [193], [194]
• “Chambers' Encyclopædia,” [192], [193]
• ——, Wm. and Robert, [31], [140]
• Chancellors of the Exchequer—
• Spring Rice (Lord Monteagle), [111], [135], [138], [145]
• Sir F. Baring, [138], [145], [149-153], [154], [160], [161], [162], [171]
• H. Goulburn, [173], [177]
• Sir Geo. Cornwall Lewis, [219]
• B. Disraeli, [247]. (See also Disraeli)
• Gladstone, [268], [288], [289]. (See also Gladstone)
• Chancery Lane, [21], [22]
• “Change of style, the,” [81]
• Channel Isles, [77], [156]
• Charing Cross and Brompton, postage between, [57]
• Charles II., [173]
• “Chartist Day,” [223], [224]
• Chaucer, [8], [260]
• Chester, [74]
• Chevalier, M., [159], [160]
• Cheverton, Mr, [198]
• Chile adopts postal reform, [251]
• China, war with, [176]
• Cholera at Haddington, [4]
• Christmas-boxes, [264]
• “Chronicles,” Second Book of, [72]
• Civil Service Commissioners and examinations, [257-261]
• —— war in the United States predicted, [230]
• Claimants to authorship of postal reform or postage stamps, [49], [53], [189-195]
• Clanricarde, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Clark, Professor, [206]
• ——, Sir Jas., [34]
• ——, Thos., [7]
• Claude, [17], [33], [34]
• Clerks, duties of, under old system, [64]
• Coaches. (See Mail coaches)
• Cobden, R., [65], [109], [141];
• his letters to R. H., [143], [178]
• —— Club, [19]
• Coin-bearing letters, [270]
• Colby, General, [123]
• Colchester, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Cole, Mr (Sir Henry), [114], [115], [190], [191], [198]
• Coleridge, S. T., [29], [60]
• Collection of postage in coin, [62], [63], [105]
• Colonial penny postage, [230]
• Colonies, the, [17], [188], [230]
• Colonisation Commissioners for South Australia, [19]
• Comet of 1858, the, [266]
• Commission on Packet Service, the, [235]
• —— on Railways, [291]
• —— to revise salaries of postal employees, [245], [246]
• Commissioners, Civil Service. (See Civil Service, etc.)
• —— of Inland Revenue, Reports of the, [63], [95]
• —— of Post Office Inquiry, the, [98], [99], [142], [196], [197]
• Committee of Inquiry (1788), [80]
• —— on Postage, the Select (1838), [42], [58], [65], [67-69], [103], [119], [121-130], [142], [169], [270];
• on Postage (1843), [142], [169]
• —— on canal and railway charges, [230], [231]
• Compulsory prepayment of postage, [269]
• Congestion at St Martin's-le-Grand, [256]
• Conservatives and Peelites, [247]
• Constantinople, [57]
• Conveyance of inland mails. (See Mails)
• Conway bridge, [54], [161]
• Cooke, Wm., R.A., [34], [300]
• Corn Laws, the, [81], [111], [141], [143], [169]
• Corporal punishment abolished at Hazelwood, [12]
• Correction “removed by order,” a, [175]
• Correspondence and building: should they agree in size? [121]
• Cost of conveyance of letters between London and Edinburgh, [103]
• Coulson, Mr, [34]
• Cowper, Mr E., [21]
• Cox, David, [18]
• Craik, Mrs (Mulock, Miss), [31]
• Creswick, Thos., R.A., [13], [34], [300]
• Crimean War, [140], [182]
• “Criminal Capitalists,” Edwin Hill, [95]
• Croker, J. W., [112]
• Cross-posts, the, [55]
• “Crowd” of petitions, a, [113]
• Crowe family, the, [30]
• Crump, Mrs Lucy, [112]
• Crusaders and others, [40], [41]
• Cubitt, Sir Wm., [235], [240]
• Cupar-Fife, testimonial from, [295]
• Daily News, the, [30]
• Daily Packet List, the, [251]
• Darian Scheme, the, [238]
• Davenport, Mrs, [4]
• Davy's, Sir H., mother and Penzance, [31]
• “Dead” letters, [220];
• auction sale at office of, [271]
• Deal, [44]
• Debating society, a youthful, [9]
• “De Comburendo Heretico” Act, [81]
• Decrease of price: increase of consumption, [101], [104]
• —— of prosecutions for theft, [83], [219]
• Definition of local penny post area, [75], [76]
• Degree of D.C.L. (Oxon.), [299]
• De La Rue & Co., Messrs, [95], [201]
• Deliveries, acceleration and greater frequency of, [256]
• “Denis Duval,” Thackeray, [83]
• Denman, Lord, [36]
• Denmark adopts postal reform, [251]
• Deputation to Lord Melbourne, [133], [134]
• Deputy Comptroller of the Penny Post, [84]
• Designs for postage stamps, [197]
• Détenu, a, [35]
• Dickens, Chas., [31], [163], [164], [277]
• “Dickinson” paper, the, [197]
• “Dictionary of National Biography,” the, [192], [193]
• “Dictionnaire du XIX^e Siècle,” [79], [186], [298]
• Dilke, C. W., antiquary, journalist, etc., [29]
• Dillon, Mr (Messrs Morrison and Dillon), [115]
• Dining in hall, [31]
• Discontent at P.O., [262-265];
• at tentative rate, [162]
• “Discourse on Our Digestive Organs,” a, [132]
• “Dismal Science,” the, [28]
• Disraeli, B. (Lord Beaconsfield), viii., [247]
• Distribution an only function, [106]
• Districts, London divided into, [74], [255]
• Docker's mail-bags exchange apparatus, [239]
• Dockwra, Wm., postal reformer, [71];
• inventor of local penny posts, introduces delivery of letters, divides city and suburbs into postal districts, opens over 400 receiving offices, introduces parcel post, etc., his rates lasting till 1801, then raised to swell war-tax, [74], [75];
• falls victim to Duke of York's jealousy, loses situation, ruined by law-suit, pensioned, pension revoked, he sinks into poverty, [76];
• his penny post falls upon evil days, [83];
• remarks on his dismissal, [80], [179], [213]
• Dodd, Rev. Dr, [46]
• Donati's comet, [266]
• Dover Castle, [18]
• Doyle, Sir A. C., “The Great Shadow,” [10]
• Drayton Grammar School, [1]
• Dubost, M., [157]
• Dublin, [83], [206], [228]
• Dudley, [50]
• Duncannon, Lord, [138], [139], [141]
• Duncombe, T., M.P., [114], [212]
• Dundee, [189], [190], [191], [250]
• Dunoon, [297]
• Duty stamp on newspapers, [46], [47], [95]
• Eagerness for postal reform among the poor, [124]
• Eclipse, Mr Wills and the, [266]
• Economy, how best secured, [253]
• Edgeworth, Maria, [34], [35], [163]
• Edinburgh, [54], [58], [59];
• one letter to, [66], [78], [83], [85];
• cost of letter conveyance to, [103];
• a mail-coach's postal burden, [115], [116], [233];
• postal revenue larger than that of Portugal, [252]
• Edinburgh Review, the, [112]
• Edison, [261]
• Education, impetus given to, [166-168]
• Edwards, Mr E., [15]
• Egerton-Smith, Mr, [295]
• Egypt, postal rates to, [56]
• Eight hours movement, an, [253]
• Elcho, Lord, [245]
• Elgin, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Ellis, Mr Wm., [115]
• Elmore, A., R.A., [34]
• Emery, Mr, his evidence, [124]
• Emigrants and emigrant ships, [20]
• Employees, number of, in London, [259]
• “Encyclopædia Britannica,” the (ninth edition), mistakes in article on Post Office, [186-189], [193], [196], [201]
• “Engaged to marry your Prince of Wales,” [279]
• England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland, letters in, [66], [138].
• (See also Number of letters)
• Envelopes, [51], [52], [186], [187]
• Eothen, [35]
• Episode of a wedding ring, [302]
• Epping, [50]
• Ericsson, [262]
• “Essays of a Birmingham Manufacturer” (Sargent), [16]
• “Esther, The Book of,” [72]
• Estlin, Mr J., [297]
• Etymology, lecture on, [266]
• Euclid's Elements, [5]
• Evasions, losses, and thefts, [57-60], [66-69], [106], [146], [147], [272-275]
• Every division should be self-supporting, [125]
• Examinations, Civil Service, [257-261]
• Exchange of bags apparatus (Docker's), [239], [240]
• Excursion and express trains, etc., [183]
• Executions outside Newgate, [10]
• Expenditure, increase of, [109], [170-172]
• Extension of penny postage to Colonies, [230]
• Facilitating life insurance for staff, [219]
• “Facts and Estimates as to the Increase of Letters,” [135]
• Faggot vote, a new kind of, [3]
• “Fallacious return,” the, [174]
• Faraday, [206], [207]
• “Feats on the Fiords,” [15]
• Fergusson, Sir Wm., [34]
• Field, Mr E. W., [32]
• “Fifty Years of Public Life,” [198]
• Fire at Hazelwood, [18]
• First letter posted under new system, [162]
• Fitzgerald, Lord, [175]
• Fitzmaurice, Lord, [184]
• Foot and horse posts, [79]
• Footman prefers public to domestic service, [254]
• Forchammer, Professor, [279], [280]
• Ford, Onslow, R.A., [300]
• Foreign letters, reduction in postage of, [165];
• foreign postal revenues, [156], [252], [253]
• —— pupils, [14]
• Forging gun barrels, [10]
• Forster, Mr M., M.P.; Mr J., M.P., [36]
• Forth bridge, the, [261]
• Forty miles an hour, [232]
• Four ounces weight limit, [108]
• France, [14], [18], [35], [36], [79], [87];
• old postal system, [155-157];
• travelling in during the 'thirties, [158];
• adopts postal reform, [251], [266]
• Francis Joseph, Emperor of Austria, [37]
• Francis, Mr J. C., [93], [95]
• Franco-German War, the, [265]
• Frankfort adopts postal reform, [251]
• Franking system, the, [42-44], [45], [48], [49], [100], [107];
• proposed return to, [211]
• Franklin Expedition, the, [40]
• Frauds and Evasions. (See evasions, etc.)
• Freedom of the City of London, [301]
• Free library, etc., at Wolverhampton, [25];
• at Hampstead, [33]
• —— trade and protection, [ix.], [x.], [24], [101]
• —— traders favour postal reform, [140]
• Fremantle, Sir T., [120]
• French Post Office, the, [155-158], [221]
• —— revolutions. (See Revolution, etc.)
• Frenchman, a brave, [265]
• Fry, Elizabeth, [117]
• Funeral of the Duke of Wellington, [239]
• Gallenga, [37]
• Galton, Sir D., [235], [267]
• Garibaldi, [37], [278], [279]
• Gavin, Dr, [253]
• Gazette, the, [261]
• George I., [74];
• III., [47], [188]
• German Postal Union, the, [252]
• Germany, street letter-boxes in, [156]
• Gibbets, [11]
• Gibraltar, [56]
• Gladstone, Mrs, [141], [290]
• ——, W. E., [ix.], [x.], [37], [112], [268], [288], [289], [290]
• Glasgow, [54], [68], [233], [294]
• Gledstanes, Mr, [115]
• Globe, the, [19]
• Gordon riots, the, [224]
• Goulburn, H. (See Chancellors of the Exchequer)
• Gradual instalments, [268]
• Graham, Thos., Master of the Mint, [34]
• “Grahamising” letters, [114]
• Graphic, the, [301]
• Grasset, M., [158], [298]
• Gravesend, newspapers sent viâ, [46]
• Great Exhibition of 1851, [95];
• of 1862, [279]
• —— Northern Railway, [232]
• “Great Shadow, The,”—Conan Doyle, [10]
• Greece, [14], [113]
• Greenock's first member, [98], [119]. (See also Wallace, etc.)
• Gregory XIII., Pope, [81]
• “Grimgribber Rifle Corps,” the, [266]
• Grote, Geo., M.P., [113]
• Guildhall, the, [53], [76], [302]
• “Guy Mannering,” [50], [78]
• Hackney, [76]
• Haddington, [4]
• Hale, Sir Matthew, [81]
• Half-ounce letters of eccentric weight, [197];
• half-ounce limit, [108]
• Hall, Captain Basil, [13]
• Hall-door letter-boxes, [106], [131], [256]
• Hamburg adopts postal reform, [251]
• Hampstead, [29], [30], [32]
• Hanover adopts postal reform, [251]
• “Hansard,” [43], [80], [99], [121], [176], [212]
• Hardwick, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Harley, Dr G., [34]
• Harlowe, another Clarissa, [3]
• Hasker, [84]
• Hawes, Sir B., [36]
• Hazelwood school and system, [12-16]
• “Heart of Midlothian, The,” [66]
• Henslow, Professor, [167], [225]
• Henson, G., [39]
• “Her Majesty's Mails”—W. Lewins, [66]
• “Here comes Dickens!” [164]
• Hereford, [221]
• Herschel family, the, [34], [117]
• High postal rates mean total prohibition, [133]
• Highgate, [50]
• Hill, Alfred, [250]
• ——, Arthur, [18], [29], [297]
• —— brothers, [8-16], [93], [94], [133]
• ——, Caroline (born Pearson), [22], [23], [26];
• Mr Wallace's congratulations, [141];
• “mother of penny postage,” [142];
• her help, unselfishness, and courage, [182], [212], [265];
• the wedding ring, [302]
• Hill, Caroline (Mrs Clark), [16]
• ——, Edwin, [93];
• his help, a mechanical genius, supervisor of stamps at Somerset House, machines for folding and stamping newspapers, folding envelopes, embossing Queen's head, etc., author of “Principles of Currency,” “Criminal Capitalists,” etc., [94], [95];
• anecdotes, [95], [96], [242], [293], [297]
• ——, Frederick, [237], [297]
• ——, Dr G. B., author of “Life of Sir Rowland Hill,” and editor of “The History of Penny Postage,” [x], [17], [38], [71], [112], [120], [193], [286-288]
• ——, James, [2], [4], [5]
• ——, John, postal reformer, [74]
• —— ——, [2]
• —— ——, the younger, [3]
• ——, Matthew Davenport, [4], [9], [21];
• helps reform, [93];
• first Recorder of Birmingham, [94];
• advises R. H. to publish pamphlet, [96];
• his reply to Croker, [112], [132], [150];
• “prophets who can assist in fulfilment of their own predictions,” [150];
• an admirable letter, [152];
• on questioning Garibaldi, [279], [293], [297]
• ——, Miss Octavia, [28]
• ——, Pearson, his help in preparing this book, ix.; pamphlets, etc., [39], [47], [50], [56], [57], [65], [66], [120], [145], [180], [181], [188], [193];
• on writings upon postal reform, [187];
• perfects Docker's exchange-bags apparatus, is complemented by Sir Wm. Cubitt, invents stamp-obliterating machine, [240], [241];
• Sir Wm. Armstrong's offer, [242];
• P. H. renounces true vocation and enters Post Office, appointed to examine mechanical inventions sent there, [243];
• reorganises Mauritius post office, [244], [297]
• ——, R. and F., the Misses, authors of “Matthew Davenport Hill,”
• etc., [96]
• ——, Rev. Rowland, preacher, [1]
• ——, Sir Rowland (Lord Hill), warrior, [1]
• —— —— ——, Lord Mayor of London, [1]
• —— —— ——, postal reformer, birth, [7];
• weakly childhood, love of arithmetic, early ambition, helps in school, [8-16];
• writes “Public Education” [14];
• scene-painter, etc., wins drawing prize, [17];
• thrilling adventure, [18];
• takes home news of Waterloo, [88];
• joins Association for abolition of taxes on knowledge, [97];
• becomes Secretary to South Australian Commission, [18];
• the rotatory printing press, [21], [22];
• a young lover, [23];
• some of his friends, [28-37];
• his connection with the London and Brighton railway, [38], [182-184];
• the heavy burden of postal charges, [44];
• the franking system, [48];
• first to propose letter postage stamps, [49];
• Coleridge's story, [60];
• reformers before him, [70-91];
• many callings, [71];
• his penny post not identical with that of Dockwra, [75];
• on “the change of style,” [81];
• doing something to the mail-coaches, [87];
• in mid-'twenties proposed travelling post office, [92];
• later conveyance of mail matter by pneumatic tube, [93];
• discussed application of lighter taxation to letters, his brothers' help, [93], [94];
• M. D. H. advises writing pamphlet, Chas. Knight publishes it, M. D. H.'s influential friends, [96];
• Mr Wallace and R. H., [98];
• Blue Books, [100];
• reasons out his plan, [100-108];
• Commissioners of P.O. Inquiry and R. H.'s evidence and plan, [98];
• cost of conveyance of letters, [102-105];
• pamphlet issued, [109];
• plan privately submitted to Government and offered to them, declined, [111], [149];
• Quarterly Review attacks plan, M. D. H. defends it in Edinburgh Review, [112];
• the great mercantile houses, Press, etc., support reform, [116-118];
• Parliamentary Committee formed, [119];
• R. H. under examination, [119-120];
• in after years excuses P.O. hostility, [126];
• the Committee's good work, [129];
• penny postage to be granted, [134];
• writes two papers for Mercantile Committee, in House of Commons during debate, door-keepers on voting prospects, [135];
• R. H. writes to Duke of Wellington, present at third reading of Bill, [138];
• in House of Lords during debate, [141];
• appointment in Treasury, [145];
• the outsider as insider, old opponents later become friends, [146], [147];
• adventures of a letter, [148];
• terms of engagement, [149-153];
• visits M. D. H. at Leicester, the latter's letter, [151], [152];
• R. H.'s goal, [153];
• first visit to P.O., [154];
• finds building defective, early attendance at Treasury, [155];
• visits Paris, [155-160];
• suggests adhesive stamps, [107], [135], [138], [160], [196];
• accepts responsibility for prepayment, [160];
• by stamps or money? stamp troubles last for twelve months, [161];
• tentative rate satisfactory, uniform penny postage established, [162];
• congratulatory letters, [162-163];
• royal visitors to P.O., [164];
• testimony to benefits of reform, [166-169], etc;
• delay in issue of stamps, [170];
• lavish increase of expenditure, official evasions, [171-176];
• visit to Newcastle-on-Tyne prevented, the “fallacious return,” [174];
• error in accounts, [175];
• receives notice of dismissal, [176];
• offers to work without salary, [177];
• public indignant at dismissal, [177-179];
• R. H. and registration fee, [178];
• leaves Treasury, [179], [180];
• Lord Canning's curious revelation, [xi.], [181];
• will Peel raise postal rates? [181];
• joins London and Brighton Railway Directorate, [182-184];
• hears of M. de Valayer's invention, [189];
• Mr Chalmers' correspondence with R. H., [192];
• R. H.'s proposals as to stamps, [196];
• Treasury decides to adopt them, [198];
• stamp obliteration troubles, [205-208];
• absurd fables, [209];
• Peel's Government falls, restoration to office of reformer demanded, appointed to P.O., [211];
• compares his own case with that of Dockwra and Palmer, [213];
• Mr Warburton on terms, [214];
• R. H. willingly sacrifices good income for sake of reform, interview with Lord Clanricarde and Colonel Maberly, [215];
• reorganises Bristol post office, also entire Money Order System, turns deficit into profit, many improvements effected, [215-219];
• missives that go astray, [220];
• relief of Sunday labour, [222-227];
• the Chartists, [224];
• relief to Hong Kong officials, [228];
• post offices at railway stations suggested, [229];
• Parliamentary Committee on railway and canal charges, [230];
• efforts to obtain reasonable railway terms, [230-235];
• Steamship Co.'s heavy charges, [230];
• tries to obtain use of all railway trains, an acceleration of North-Western night mail train, and adoption of limited mails, [232];
• suggests fines for unpunctuality and rewards for punctuality, etc., [233], etc.;
• also Government loans to Railway Companies, [234];
• proposes trains limited to P.O. use, [235];
• Packet Service contracts: these often made without P.O. knowledge or control, [236];
• route to Australia by Panama longer than rival route, R. H.'s report to that effect, [238];
• exchange of mail-bags operation, [239];
• stamp-obliteration experiments, [240];
• workshop fitted up for P. H., who renounces prospects as civil engineer, [242-243];
• R. H. examined by Commission to revise postal employees' salaries, [245];
• good work done by Commission, [246];
• Conservatives and Peelites, R. H. becomes Secretary to the P.O., [247];
• his love of organisation, [248];
• encourages staff to independence of opinion: excellent results, new post offices erected and old ones improved, provision against fire made, building, etc., transferred to Board of Works: consequent increase of expenditure, [249];
• publication of “Annual Reports” begins, [250];
• minor reforms made, postal reform adopted by many countries, [251], [252];
• R. H. advocates economy by better organisation, a medical officer appointed, [253];
• secures better terms for employees [253], [254];
• his doctor's footman, [254];
• London divided into districts, [255];
• R. H. on Civil Service examinations, [257-261];
• era of peace, discontent and threatening anonymous letters, libels by dismissed officials, worse threats, R. H.'s coolness, uneasiness of colleagues, [262-265];
• lecture on the annular eclipse, [266];
• P.O. volunteer corps, is introduced to inventor of Post Office Savings Bank scheme, [267];
• reform by gradual instalments, [268];
• compulsory prepayment of postage, [268], [269];
• again recommends parcel post, pattern post established, registration fee reduced, and compulsory prepayment at last obtained, [270];
• decrease of losses, tricks and evasions, [271];
• old opponents friends, Messrs Bokenham, Page, etc., [275-277];
• R. H. and Garibaldi, [278];
• R. H. and a Danish professor, [279];
• on successive Postmasters-General, [280-285];
• final breakdown in health, resignation, [285];
• pen-portraits and appreciations, [286-289];
• letters of sympathy, [290];
• joins Royal Commission on Railways, his early lesson in Astronomy, prepares his autobiography, [291];
• his remarks on own career, [292]; his spirit at a séance,[293];
• honours, testimonials, etc., [294-302];
• two stories of a torn coat, [297];
• strange addresses, “Mr Owl O'Neill,” etc., [298];
• vases from Longton, pictures from Liverpool, statues, etc., [300];
• photographs, etc., presentation of the Freedom of the City of London, [301];
• death, his two noblest monuments, two Jubilee celebrations, [302];
• his fittest epitaph, [303-305];
• “Results of Postal Reform,” [286], [307-311]
• Hill, Sarah (Lea), [4], [7], [8], [10]
• —— —— (Symonds), [4], [6]
• ——, Thos. Wright, [5], [6], [7], [10], [15], [16], [17], [94], [138], [291], [297]
• “Hillska Scola,” a, [14]
• Hinks, Rev. Wm., [297]
• “History of England, The,” Macaulay, [238]
• “History of Our Own Times, The,” Justin M'Carthy, [75], [92], [133]
• “History of the Post Office, The,” H. Joyce, [42], [45], [55], [56], [63], [70],
• [71], [72], [73], [75], [76], [92]
• “History of the Thirty Years' Peace, The,” H. Martineau, [40], [41]
• Hodnet, Shropshire, [1]
• Hoffay, Mr, [245]
• Hogarth, [81]
• Holland, [109]. (See also Netherlands)
• Holyhead, [54], [233]
• “Home Colonies and Extinction of Pauperism,” etc., [109];
• home colonies in Belgium and Holland, [109]
• Hong Kong post office, [228];
• clerks' holiday, [229]
• Honours, testimonials, etc., [294], [302]
• Hood, “Gentle Tom,” [178], [179]
• Hostility of P.O. (See Opposition, etc.)
• Hourly deliveries, [107]
• House of Commons, [43], [72], [96], [111], [113], [114], [116];
• Committee on Postage, [121-130];
• debates on Penny Postage Bill, [135], [138], [178], [224]
• House of Lords, [43], [96], [111], [136], [139];
• passes Penny Postage Bill, [141], [224]
• Household Words, [163], [266]
• Huddersfield, [268]
• “Hudibras,” [5]
• Huguenot Knight, Millais', [7]
• Hume, J., M.P., [133], [134], [212]
• Hungarian refugees, [37]
• “Hungry 'Forties,” the, [61], [169]
• Hunt, Leigh, [35], [110]
• Hutchinson, Mr, [234]
• Hydrographer to the Admiralty, the, [278]
• Iceland, [15]
• Iddesley, Lord. (See Northcote, Sir S.)
• Impetus to education and trade, [166-169]
• Improvement in locomotion, [x.]
• Improvements in Money Order system, account-keeping, holidays, [219];
• in life insurance and other funds, [219], [220];
• in lot of letter-carriers, sorters, etc., [253], [254], etc.
• Income, a poor man's daily, [42]
• Increase of employment, pay, and prosperity, [101];
• of postal expenditure, [109], [170], [171], [172];
• of deliveries, [256];
• of facilities and speed in conveyance, [69], [257]
• Indian Mutiny, the, [282];
• P.O. becomes self-supporting, [253]
• Indignation at R. H.'s dismissal, [177-179]
• Industrial emancipation, Gladstone on, vii., viii.
• Inglis, Sir R. H., M.P., [138]
• Inland letters most profitable part of P.O. business, [169]
• —— Revenue Board, the, [119], [188], [197]
• Inquirer, the, [297]
• “Intercourse, Liberation of,” [x.], [125]
• “Invasion of the Crimea, The,” Kinglakes, [35]
• Ireland, [44], [54], [66], [73], [74], [77], [133], [233]
• Irish famine, the, [81]
• —— haymakers and harvesters, [133]
• —— in Manchester, [65]
• Iron horse more formidable than foe on battlefield, [137]
• Jamaica Bill, the, [144]
• James II., [76], [77]
• Jansa, Herr, [37]
• Jefferson, President, [14]
• “John Halifax,” Miss Mulock, [31]
• John O' Groat's, [234]
• Johnson, post official, [84]
• ——, Dr, [112]
• Jones, Loyd (Lord Overstone), [39], [124]
• Journal de St Pétersbourg, Le, [252]
• Joyce, Mr Herbert, “The History of the Post Office,” [42], [45], [55], [56], [63], [70], [71], [72], [76], [92]
• Jubilee, Queen Victoria's first, [39]
• —— of the Uniform Penny Postage, [57], [120]
• Jullien, M., [14]
• Kaye, Sir J., [195]
• Keats, John, [29]
• Kelly, Messrs (“The London Directory”), [301]
• Kidderminster, [3], [7], [300], [303]
• King Edward's head (postage stamp), [199]
• Kinglakes, the, [35]
• Kinkel, Gottfried, [38]
• Knight, Charles, [32];
• publishes “Post Office Reform,” [96];
• first to propose use of impressed stamp, [107], [158], [168], [189]
• Kossuth, [37]
• Kubla Khan, [72]
• Lachine Rapids, [238]
• Labouchere, H. (Lord Taunton), [138]
• Lamb, Chas., [29]
• Lambeth, [76]
• Land's End, [234]
• Larousse, “Dictionnaire du XIX^e Siècle,” [79], [186], [298]
• Larpent, Sir Geo., [296]
• Last woman burnt, [9]
• Lea, Provost, [4];
• Sarah (see Hill, Sarah);
• William, [4]
• Ledingham, Mr, [207]
• Leeds Mercury, the, [117], [226], [267]
• Lefevre, J. S. (First Lord Eversley), [19]
• Leitrim, [77]
• Letter, adventures of a, [148], [149]
• —— boxes, door, [106], [107], [131], [256]
• —— carriers, [41], [62], [63], [105], [106];
• improvement in lot of, [220], [253], [254], etc.;
• letter-carrier and footman, [254];
• amalgamation of two corps of, [255], [256];
• the right sort of men as, [258], [275]
• —— folding a fine art, [52]
• —— smuggling, [66-69], [121], [133]
• “Letters, Conversations, and Recollections of S. T. Coleridge,” [60]
• “Letters of George Birkbeck Hill,” Mrs L. Crump, [112]
• Letters subjected to protective rates, [54];
• refused, mis-sent, etc., loss on, [62];
• no delivery before Dockwra's time, [74];
• losses of, [146], [147], [221];
• number of, after reform, [133], [165], [168], [169], [239];
• after extension of rural distribution, [255];
• sorted en route, [227];
• strangely addressed, [297], [298]
• Lewins, Mr, “Her Majesty's Mails,” [66]
• Lewis, Sir G. C. (See Chancellors of the Exchequer)
• Liberation of Intercourse, [x.], [125]
• Lichfield, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• “Lie Waste,” the, [11]
• “Life endurable but for its pleasures,” [219]
• “Life of Lord Granville,” Lord Fitzmaurice, [184]
• “Life of Sir Rowland Hill, and History of Penny Postage,” G. B. Hill, [x.], [38], etc.
• Limited Liability Act, the, [32]
• Lines, Mr, [162]
• Liverpool, [24], [39], [68], [83], [227], [294], [300], [301]
• Liverpool Mercury, the, [117], [295];
• Post and Mercury, [52]
• Lloyd, Mr Jas., [300]
• Local posts, [53], [74], [75], [76], [83], [84]
• Lombard Street office, [74]
• London and Brighton railway, [38], [182-184], [185]
• —— divided into postal districts by Dockwra, [74];
• by Rowland Hill, [255]
• ——, pop. one-tenth, correspondence, one-fourth of the United Kingdom, [255]
• London School Magazine, [17]
• London University, [130]
• Londonderry, [54]
• Long distance runs in the 'forties, [232]
• Longton, Staffordshire Potteries, [300]
• Lonsdale, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• “Lord Queen's Head,” [299]
• “Lord's Day Society's” mistaken action, [223]
• Lords of the Treasury, [190], [220]
• Losses of letters, etc., [146], [147], [220], [221], [271]
• Loughton, [50]
• Louis Philippe, King, [157]
• Louis XIV., [187]
• Lowther, Lord. (See Postmasters-General)
• Lubeck adopts postal reform, [251]
• Lyell, Sir Chas., [34]
• Lyon, Mr W., [301]
• Maberly, Colonel (Sec. to the P.O.) disapproves of postal reform, [121], [122], [150], [155], [173], [214], [215];
• Yates on, [154];
• commands at P.O. on “Chartist Day,” at time of Sunday labour question, [223];
• leaves P.O., [247];
• excellent appointments, [248]
• MacAdam, [85]
• Macaulay, [112], [114], [131], [226], [238], [273]
• Macdonald (_Times_), [22]
• Mackenzie family, the, [5]
• Madrid, [78]
• Mahony, Mr, M.P., [120]
• Mails, the, by land—coaches, [64], [79], [82-90], [98], [103], [170];
• railways, [109], [115], [122], [227], [240];
• cost of conveyance of, [109], etc., [230-235]
• ——, by sea. (See Packet Service)
• Majority of [102] for Penny Postage Bill, [136]
• Manchester, [39], [65], [83], [84];
• number of letters equals that of all Russia, [252]
• Manchester Guardian, the, [117]
• “Manchester School,” the, [134]
• Mander, Mr J., [25]
• Manning, “The Queen's Ancient Serjeant,” [36]
• “Manual of Geography,” a, [5]
• Map of Europe, political changes in, [251]
• Marco Polo's travels: the posts, [72]
• Margate postmaster's report, [69]
• Marian martyr, a, [294]
• Married Women's Property Act, [118]
• Martineau, Harriet, [15], [34], [40], [41], [55], [60], [131], [162]
• Master of the Posts (Witherings), [73]
• “Matthew Davenport Hill,” by his daughters, [96]
• Mauritius post office reorganised, [244]
• Maury, Mr, [68]
• Mayer, Mr, [295]
• Mayor, the Lord, [113]
• Mazzini, [37], [114]
• M'Carthy, J., “History of Our Own Times,” etc., [75], [92], [133]
• M'Kinley, Mr P., [302]
• Mediterranean, postal rates to the, [56]
• Melbourne, Lord. (See Prime Ministers)
• Mellor, Mr Justice, [36]
• Mendi bridge, [54], [161]
• Mercantile Committee, the, [114], [135], [136], [137], [179], [190], [200], [296]
• —— houses and postal reform, [114]
• Mercury, a transit of, [291]
• Merit, promotion by, [257], [258], [262]
• Mexico, [14]
• Mezzofanti, Cardinal, [230]
• Miles, Mr Pliny, [230]
• Milford, [54]
• Mill, James and John Stuart, [34]
• Millais, Sir J. E., [7]
• Millington's hospital, [2], [4]
• Moffat, Mr Geo., M.P., [113], [134], [137], [181]
• Monckton, Sir G., [302]
• Money Order System, [140];
• how founded, unsatisfactory financial condition, [217];
• R. H. undertakes its management, it becomes self-supporting, increase of business, decrease of fraud, unclaimed money orders made use of, etc., [216-222];
• extension of system to colonies, [220]
• Monteagle, Lord, [175], [290].
• (See also Spring Rice)
• Morgan, Professor de, [272], [273]
• Morley, John, M.P., vii.
• Morning Chronicle, the, [56], [116]
• Morrison, Dillon, & Co., Messrs, [115]
• “Mother of Penny Postage, the,” [142]
• Mulready, W., R.A., [34];
• his envelope, [204], [205]
• Murray, R., postal reformer, [70], [74]
• My grandmother's brewings jeopardised, [10]
• Napier, Sir Wm., [1]
• Naples (the two Sicilies) adopts postal reform, [251]
• Napoleon, story of, [27], [28];
• the détenus, [35], [36], [260]
• Natal, [237]
• National Gallery, the, [33]
• Navigation Act, repeal of the, [ix.]
• Netherlands, the, adopts postal reform, [251]
• “New Annual Directory for 1800, The,” [53], [76]
• —— Brunswick postmaster, [199]
• Newcastle-on-Tyne, [77], [173], [253]
• Newgate, executions outside, [10]
• New Grenada adopts postal reform, [251]
• —— industries created, [169]
• —— meaning of the word “post,” [72]
• —— South Wales, [65]
• —— York, [68]
• Newsbearers, coaches as, [87], [88]
• Newspapers, [46], [47], [57-60], [97], [116], [117], [129];
• stamp duty on, [46], [47], [95].
• (See also Press)
• Newton, Sir Isaac, [104]
• Nicholson, Mr, inventor, [21]
• ——, Mr (Waverley Abbey), [267]
• Nightingale, Florence, [117]
• Nineteenth Century, the, [x].
• Ninth part of a farthing, the, [104]
• —— Report of the Commissioners of P.O. Inquiry, [98], [196]
• Nominations, system of, [246]
• “Nonsense of a Penny post,” [131]
• “No Rowland Hills wanted,” [185]
• North British Railway, [233]
• North-Western Railway, [227], [232]
• Northcote, Sir Stafford (Lord Iddesley), [235], [245]
• Northern diligence, the, [78]
• Norway, [15], [251]
• Norwich, [77]
• Notes and Queries, [9], [52], [93]
• Number of letters after reform, [133], [165], [168];
• in two years' time, [169];
• in seventh year of reform number delivered in and round London equal to those for the entire United Kingdom under old system, [214], [239];
• after extension of rural distribution, [255], [256]
• Obliteration by hand (stamping), [206], [240], [241]
• Ocean penny postage, [229]
• O'Connell, Daniel, M.P., [88], [132], [133];
• M. J., M.P., [120], [127]
• Offer (R. H.'s) to give plan of postal reform to Government, [111], [149];
• to give services at Treasury gratuitously, [150]
• Official account-keeping and “blunders,” [174], [175], [176]
• Old opponents become friendly, [147], [246], [247], [275]
• —— postal system, the, [39-69];
• in France, [155-157]
• Oldenburg adopts postal reform, [251]
• “Oldest and ablest officers, the,” [80]
• “On the Collection of Postage by Means of Stamps,” [135], [200]
• Opening letters in the P.O., [114], [115]
• Opposition honest and dishonest, [93], [120-122], [125], [126], [145-147], [202], [212], [275-278]
• “Origin of Postage Stamps, The,” [50], [188], [193]
• Oscar, Prince, [14]
• Osler, Mr Follett, [13]
• Oswald, Dr and Miss, [38]
• Ounce limit, the first proposal, [108]
• Outsiders as reformers, [146], [265], [267]
• Owen, Robert, [34], [114]
• Oxford, [299]
• “Pace that killed, the,” [85]
• Pacific Ocean's enormous width, [238]
• Packet Service, the, [174], [175];
• Commission sits on, contract mail-packets, etc., management transferred to P.O., evils of Admiralty control, West Indian packet service, Union Steamship Co., services to Cape of Good Hope, Honduras, Natal, reductions in cost, Australia viâ Panama not the shortest route, cost of conveyance, [230], [235-238];
• improved communication, foreign and colonial, [257]
• Page, Mr Wm., [276], [277];
• Messrs E. and H., [276]
• Palmer, John, postal reformer, [71];
• favours Bath, increases number of coaches, [77];
• proposes abolition of foot and horse posts, causes stage to become mail coaches, [79];
• a visionary, [80];
• placed in authority, by 1792 all coaches new, first quick coach to Bath, [82];
• robbery nearly ceases, traverses the entire kingdom, [83];
• looks to newspaper and penny posts, [84];
• coaches said to go at dangerous speed, reach highest level of proficiency, [85];
• are beaten by “iron horse,” [86];
• remarks on his dismissal, [80], [179], [213], [214];
• a born organiser, [220]
• “Palmer of Ireland, The,” Bianconi, [88]
• Palmerston, Lord. (See Prime Ministers)
• Panama, mails viâ, [237], [238]
• Panizzi, Sir Antonio, [37]
• Paper-duty, the, [97];
• stamps for “the American Colonies,” [188]
• Parcel post recommended, [270]
• Paris, [56], [155-158], [186], [221]
• Parker, Mr, M.P., [212]
• ——, Mr, M.P. (Sheffield), [120]
• —— Society, the, [168]
• Parricide and matricide, [226]
• Parsons, Mr, [206]
• ——, Mr J. M., [183], [184]
• Patent Office, the, [21]
• Patronage, relinquished, [246]
• Pattern post introduced, [270]
• Pattison, Mr J., [115]
• Peabody: American philanthropist, [188]
• Peace of Amiens, the, [35], [88]
• Peacock, Mr, Solicitor to the P.O., [121], [126], [265]
• Pearson, Alex., [27], [28];
• Caroline, (see Hill);
• Clara, [26];
• Joseph, [23-26]
• Pease, Mr, M.P., [120]
• Peculation rife under old system, [63]
• Peel, Sir Robert, [48], [138], [144].
• (See also Prime Ministers)
• Peelites and Conservatives, [247]
• Pegasus, wreck of the, [5]
• Penny postage proposed in Budget of 1839, [135];
• passes in Commons, [138];
• in Lords, [142];
• established, [162];
• education encouraged, severed ties reknit, [166], [167];
• beneficial effect on trade, etc., [168], [169];
• other than inland, [230];
• and Garibaldi, [227], [228];
• two Jubilee celebrations, [302]
• —— posts, Dockwra's, [74], [75];
• other local, [33], [76], [83], [84]
• Perkins, Bacon, & Co., Messrs, [198], [200], [201], [206], [207]
• Peru adopts postal reform, [251]
• “Peter Plymley's Letters,” Sydney Smith, [89]
• Petitions in favour of penny postage, [113], [124]
• Phillips, Professor, [207]
• Pickford, Messrs, [168]
• Pictures from Liverpool, [300]
• Pillar and wall letter-boxes. (See Street letter-boxes)
• Pirate States and pirate raids, [14], [15]
• Piron, M., Sous Directeur des Postes aux Lettres, [157], [158], [187], [188]
• Place, Mr, and “Post Office Reform,” [110]
• Plampin, Admiral, [27]
• Plymouth, [20], [77];
• the postmaster of, [225]
• Pneumatic tubes, [93]
• Poerio, [37]
• Political Economy Club, the, [19], [120]
• —— heads of P.O. no drones, [284]
• Poole, Mr S. L., “The Barbary Corsairs,” [15]
• “Poor Law Official Circular, The,” [166]
• Poor sufferers from dear postage, [42], [55], [59-62], [123]
• Pope, Alex., [55], [71]
• “Popular Tales,” Miss Edgeworth, [35]
• Portugal adopts postal reform, [251];
• postal revenue smaller than that of Edinburgh, [252]
• Post, new meaning of the word, [72]
• Postcards, [293]
• Post Circular, the, [190], [191]
• Post Office—account-keeping, [62-64], [105], [106];
• authorities oppose reform, [120-122], [125], [126], etc.;
• Money Order system during Crimean war, [140] (see also Money Order system); becomes servant to entire nation, [144], [209];
• only department not showing deficiency of revenue, [176];
• P.O. versusStamp Office, [202];
• Widows' and Orphans' Fund, [220];
• transference of appointments to, [246];
• unjust accusations against, [272]
• “Post Office Directory, The,” [301]
• —— ——, Indian, self-supporting, [253]
• —— —— Library and Literary Association, the, [266]
• “Post Office of Fifty Years Ago, The,” [39], [47], [56], [65], [66], [145]
• “Post Office Reform,” [40], [63], [64], [99], [101], [104], [106], [107], [109], [110], [111], [143], [192], [196], [213]
• —— —— Savings Bank, the, [220], [267]
• —— —— surveyors, the, [222]
• —— Offices, etc., great increase in number of, [156]
• —— ——, Registrars' districts without, [64], [65]
• —— officials fear increase of business, [121]
• Postage “single,” “double,” “treble,” etc., [49-52], [55], [57]
• —— stamps, [49], [51], [53];
• impressed and embossed, [95];
• description of adhesive, [107], [135], [160];
• delay in issue, [170];
• their collection, misleading accounts in the “Encyclopædia Britannica,” and elsewhere, [185-193], etc.;
• envelopes, M. de Valayer's private post, [186];
• doings of Sardinian P.O., [187];
• stamps on newspaper wrappers, [107], [158], [189];
• stamps useless without uniformity of rate and prepayment, [189], etc.;
• R. H.'s proposals, [196], [198], etc.;
• adhesive stamps recommended in “Post Office Reform,” and “Ninth Report of the Commissioners of Post Office Inquiry,” official approval of prepayment by stamps, [196];
• Treasury invites public to send in designs, results disappointing, why monarch's portrait was chosen, [199];
• precautions against forgery, [197-199];
• description of stamp-making, [200];
• Messrs Perkins & Co. make stamps first forty years of new system, are succeeded by Messrs De La Rue, stock nearly destroyed by fire, [201];
• changes of colour, [201], [208];
• why issue delayed, [202];
• eagerly adopted when issued, where to stick Queen's head? anecdotes, [203];
• uncancelled stamps, the Mulready envelope, [204];
• cleaning off obliterations, [205-208];
• public interested, many experiments and suggestions, [206], [207];
• the black penny becomes red, [208];
• public prefer adhesive to embossed, absurd fables, [209]
• Postal Circular, the, [251]
• Postal contribution to war-tax, the, [47], [55], [76]
• —— districts, London divided into, [74], [255]
• Postal Guide, the British, [251]
• Postal Parliament, a, [222]
• —— rates. (See Postage “single,” etc., and other headings)
• —— reform and reformers, [70-90], [100], [108], [127], [129], [144], [180], etc.
• —— revenue. (See Revenue, etc.)
• —— Service, advantages of, [254]
• —— Union, the, [276]
• Postmaster-General on crutches, a, [221]
• Postmasters-General—
• Lord Lichfield, [120], [139]
• —— Lowther, [120], [178], [182]
• —— Clanricarde, [212], [213], [214], [215-219], [224], [229], [230], [280]
• —— Hardwicke, [247], [248], [268], [286], [281]
• —— Canning, [xi.], [181], [235], [281], [282], [284]
• Duke of Argyll, [184], [234], [241], [259], [283]
• Lord Colchester, [220], [238], [267], [283]
• —— Elgin, [283], [284], [299]
• A later Postmaster-General, [284], [285]
• Postmen. (See Letter-carriers)
• Potatoes at Kidderminster, [3], [7]
• Prepayment of postage, [49], [105], [106], [107], [124], [160], [162], [189], [196], [202], [203], [228], [268], [269], [270]
• Press-gang, the, [10], [11]
• Press, the, generally favours postal reform, [116];
• on R. H.'s dismissal, [177].
• (See also newspapers)
• Priestley, Joseph, [6], [7]
• Prime Ministers—
• Lord Melbourne, [111], [133], [134], [135], [136], [138], [139], [141], [144], [145], [171], [173], [291]
• Sir Robert Peel, [143], [177], [180], [181], [182], [184], [211]
• Lord John Russell, [211], [212], [280], [281], [296]
• —— Palmerston, [299]
• W. E. Gladstone, [289].
• (See also Chancellors of the Exchequer)
• Prince of Wales, the, [280], [299]
• Princess's portrait, a, [279]
• “Principles of Currency,” Edwin Hill, [95]
• Printing press, the rotatory, [21], [22], [71]
• Private penny post, M. de Valayer's, [157], [158], [186-188]
• Profitless expenditure, [51], [60-62], etc.
• Promotion by merit, [257], [258], [262]
• Prophecies and prophets, [80], [130]
• Protection applied to correspondence, [54], [161]
• Protestant despoiler, a, [88]
• Prussia adopts postal reform, [251]
• Public buildings barricaded, [224]
• “Public Education,” [14]
• Pulteney, Sir Wm., [66]
• Punch, [136], [180], [184], [299], [303-305]
• Pump, story of a, [146], [147]
• Puritans, the, [4], [6]
• Quarterly Review, the, [112], [187]
• Queen Adelaide, [19]
• —— Anne, [76]
• —— Caroline's trial, [87]
• —— Victoria, [39], [40], [64], [66], [119]
• Queen's head: postage stamp, [95], [167], [199], [205], [208], [294]
• Quincey, De, [16], [35]
• Radical Row, [144]
• Radnor, Lord, [113], [135]
• Raikes Currie, Mr, M.P., [120], [127]
• Railway, London and Brighton, etc. (See other headings)
• Railways, supersede coaches, [89], [109];
• conveyance of mails by train dearer than by coach, mails first go by rail (1838), [109];
• heavy subsidies to, [170], [171], etc.;
• sorting of letters on, [227], [228];
• applications made to, acceleration of night mails, companies demand increased payments, twenty-one separate contracts, trains limited to P.O. service, [231-235];
• improved communication, [257]
• Ramsey, Mr, [221]
• Rea, Mr E., [252]
• “Recollections and Experiences,” E. Yates, [154], [280], [285]
• Recovery of gross revenue, [122], [165]
• Reform Bill of 1832, the, [23], [98]
• “Reformer, the,” [195]
• Registrars' districts without post offices, [64], [65]
• Registration of letters, [99];
• fees, [178], [270]
• “Registration, The Transfer of Land by,” [19]
• Relays of horses, [82]
• Relief to Hong Kong officials, [228], [229]
• Rennie, Sir J., [261]
• Report of the Committee of Inquiry (1788), [80];
• of the Committee on Postage (1843), [169]
• Reports of the Commissioners of Inland Revenue, [63], [95];
• of the Commissioners of Post Office Inquiry, [98], [196], [197];
• of the Select Committee on Postage (1838), [42], [58], [64], [65], [67], [69], [103], [123-126], [129], [130]
• “Results of Postal Reform,” [286], [307-311]
• Revenue from coaches, increase of, [102]
• ——, National, [72], [97]
• ——, Postal, [42], [43];
• in seventeenth century, [72], [73], [102], [108], [109], [122], [126], [165], [169], [175], [176], [252];
• foreign, [102], [156]
• Revolution, the French, of 1789, [14], [17];
• of 1848, [158], [221]
• Richmond, the Duke of, [137]
• Rintoul, R. S., the Spectator, [116], [117];
• his daughter, [117]
• Riots at Birmingham, [7]
• Ritchie, Mrs Richmond, [34]
• Roberts, David, R.A., [32]
• Robespierre's Secretary, [14]
• “Robinson Crusoe,” [5]
• Roebuck, J. A., M.P., [36], [43]
• Rogers, S., “the banker poet,” [32]
• Roget, Dr, “The Thesaurus,” [35]
• Romance in a culvert, [23];
• in a coach, [89], [90]
• Romantic lawsuit, a, [159], [160]
• Romilly, Sir S., [10]
• “Rowland Hill Benevolent Fund, The,” [302]
• “Rowland Hill: where he is,” [298]
• Rufini, [37]
• Rural distribution, [166], [167], [170], [172], [255]
• Russell, Lord John (Earl Russell), [36], [134], [135], [205].
• (See also Prime Ministers)
• Russia adopts postal reform, [251], [252];
• number of letters in 1855, [253]
• S. G. O.'s Letters, [169]
• Sabden, [65]
• Sabine, Sir E., [34]
• St Alban's and Watford mails, [227]
• St Colomb, Cornwall, [71]
• St Helena, Napoleon at, [27], [28]
• St Martin's-le-Grand, [153], [154], [163], [228], [243], [248], [250], [253], [256], [262], [263-265], [277], [293]
• St Peter, [279]
• St Priest, M., [158]
• Salisbury, Lady, [141]
• Saltney, Gladstone at, [289]
• San Francisco, [57]
• Sardinia, [187], [188], [251]
• Sargent, Mr. W. L., [16]
• Saturday night deliveries, [227]
• Savages in England, [11]
• Savings Bank. (See Post Office, etc.)
• Saxony adopts postal reform, [251]
• Say, three generations, [158]
• Scholefield, Mr, M.P., [113]
• Schoolmistress, an ill-informed, [294]
• Scotland, [54], [66], [73], [74], [297]
• Scotsman, the, [117]
• Scott, Sir Benjamin, [302]
• ——, Sir Walter, [50], [66], [78], [79], [99], [295], [296]
• Secretary to the P.O., Scotland, [211]
• “Sedition made easy,” [112]
• “Seminaries of Useless Knowledge,” [294]
• Settembrini, [37]
• Seven miles an hour! Preposterous! [79]
• Seymour, Lord (Duke of Somerset), [120], [128], [138]
• Shaftesbury, Lord, [48]
• Sheffield, near Rotherham, [84]
• Sherman, Mr, [293]
• Shiel, Mr, [114]
• Shrewsbury, [2]
• Siberia, postal rates to, [57]
• Sibthorpe, Colonel, M.P., [136]
• Sikes, Sir Chas., [267]
• Simplicity versuscomplications, [105]
• Smeaton, [261]
• Smith, Mr B., M.P., [36]
• “Smith, John,” and friend's fraud, [58], [60], [69]
• ——, Mr J. B., M.P., [36], [143]
• ——, Southwood, Dr, [28]
• ——, Sydney, [1], [89], [131]
• Smithfield and the martyrs, [157]
• Smuggling letters, [66-69], [121], [133]
• Smyth, Admiral, [34]
• Snooks! [203]
• “Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge,” the, [139]
• —— of Arts, the, [299]
• “Some Memories of Books,” a story from, [59]
• Somerset House, [94], [95]
• Somerville, Mary, [117]
• Sorters, improvement in their lot, [253], [254]
• Sorting in travelling post offices, [92], [227], [228]
• Southampton, the press-gang at, [11]
• South Australian Commission, the, [19], [148]
• —— Kensington Museum, the, [191], [302]
• South-Western Railway Co.'s offer, [215]
• Spain, [14];
• adopts postal reform, [251], [252]
• Spanish gentlemen to the rescue, [29]
• Spectator, the, [116]
• Spencer, Herbert, [261], [262]
• Spirits called from the vasty deep, [293]
• Spring Rice. (See Chancellors of the Exchequer)
• Spy, taken for a, [18]
• Squire's firewood, the, [3]
• Stamp obliteration, [241]
• —— Office versusP.O., [202]
• “Stamped covers, stamped paper, andstamps to be used separately,” [197]
• Stamps and Taxes (Inland Revenue) Office, [119], [188], [197]
• ——, postage. (See Postage stamps)
• Stanfield, Clarkson, R.A., [32], [300]
• Stanley Gibbons & Co., Messrs, [201]
• —— of Alderley, Lord, [284], [285]
• Stationery and walking-sticks, [272]
• Statues at Birmingham, Kidderminster, and London, [300]
• Steamship Co.'s. (See Packet Service)
• Stephenson, Geo., [110], [260]
• Stockholm, [14]
• “Story of Gladstone's Life, The,” [133]
• Stow & Co., [217]
• Stowe, John, [1]
• Stracheys, the, [5]
• Strangely addressed letters, [297], [298]
• Street letter-boxes, [147], [156], [187]
• Sun, the, [226]
• Sunday labour relief measures, [222-227]
• Survivals of the Old System, [255]
• Sweden, [14], [251]
• Swift, Dean, [52]
• Swindon, [266]
• Switzerland adopts postal reform, [251]
• Symondses, the, [2], [4], [5]
• Taunton, Lord. (See Labouchere, Mr)
• “Taxes on knowledge,” [47], [97], [189]
• “Taxing” letters, [49], [105], [106], [116], [125]
• Taylor, R. (Marian martyr), [294]
• Telegraphs, State purchase of, [267], [268], [293]
• Telford, [85], [261]
• Tentative fourpenny rate, [133], [161]
• Tenth January 1840, scene at the General Post Office, [162]
• Testimonials and honours, [294-302]
• Tettenhall Road and the culvert, [23]
• Thackeray, [30], [31], [34], [35], [83]
• Thayer, M., [221]
• Theft, story of a, [274]
• “There go the Corn Laws!” [141]
• “Thesaurus, The,” Dr Roget, [35]
• Thompson, Colonel Perronet, [143], [225]
• —— Sir H., [34]
• Thomson, Poulett, M.P. (Lord Sydenham), [120], [128]
• Thornley, Mr Thos., M.P., [24], [120]
• Throckmorton, Mr, [24]
• Thurso, [54]
• Tichborne claimant, the, [194]
• Tilly, Sir J., [284]
• Times, the, [116], [129], [216], [226]
• Tipping the little Hills with gold, [184]
• Torn coat, two stories of a, [297]
• Torrens, Colonel, [19]
• ——, Sir R., [19]
• Tottenham, [14]
• Travelling in France in the 'thirties, [158]
• —— post offices, [92], [227], [228]
• Travers, Mr J., [115]
• Treasury, the, invites public to send in designs for stamps, [194], [197], [249], [251], [286]
• Trevelyan, Sir Chas., [245]
• —— Sir Geo., [273]
• Trial by jury at school, [12]
• Tripolitan ambassador, the, [14]
• Trollope, Anthony, [277], [278]
• Turner, J. W. M., R.A., [18], [33], [34]
• Tuscany adopts postal reform, [251]
• Twenty-one separate contracts, [234]
• Two sympathetic door-keepers, [135], [136]
• “Two Letters,” Gladstone's famous, [37]
• Two thousand petitions, [113]
• Twopenny post, the, [84], [161], [255]
• —— rate, proposed and carried, [129]
• Tyburn, [46]
• Tyson, Mr, [52]
• Umbrella, story of an, [33]
• Unclaimed money and valuables, [219], [220]
• Uniformity of postal rates, [105], [108], [125], etc.
• “Union of my children has proved their strength, the,” [94]
• —— Steamship Co., the, [236]
• United States, [56];
• mails to, [68], [69];
• civil war predicted, [230];
• adopts postal reform, [251], [252]
• Unjust accusations, P.O., [272]
• Unpaid letters in 1859, [269]
• Uselessness of postage stamps before 1840, [49], etc.
• Valayer, M. de, [157], [158], [186-188]
• Vases from Longton, [300]
• Vaughan, Dr, [225]
• Victorian women, the early, [117], [118]
• Villiers, Hon. C. P., M.P., [24], [111], [120], [149]
• Vinter, Mr, [301]
• Virginia, the University of, [14]
• Vision of mail-coaches, a, [86], [87]
• Voluntary work at Hazelwood, [13];
• at the P.O., [222-224]
• Volunteers, the P.O., [266]
• Wages, increase of. (See Improvements, etc.)
• Wakefield, E. G., [19]
• Walcheren Expedition, the, [159]
• Wales, the Princess of, [279]
• Wall letter-boxes. (See Street, etc.)
• Wallace of Kelly, R., M.P., postal reformer, [90];
• proposes charge by weight, public competition in mail coach contracts, appointment of Parliamentary Committee of Inquiry (Postage), establishment of day mails, registration of letters, reduction of postal charges, more frequent mails, etc., [98], [99];
• advocates R. H.'s plan, sends him Blue Books, [100];
• Chairman of Committee, [119];
• his two casting votes, [127], [128];
• his zeal and toil, favours penny rate, [129];
• supports Penny Postage Bill, [138];
• writes to Mrs Hill on its passing, [141];
• urges Lord Melbourne to give appointment to R. H., [145], [181];
• retirement and death, [212]
• Walmsleys, the, [37], [143]
• Walsall, [67]
• “Walter Press,” the, [22]
• War with France, [10], [18], [47]
• War-tax, postal contribution to the, [47], [55], [76]
• Warburton, Hy., M.P., [120], [127];
• serves on Parliamentary Committee and writes report, [129];
• favours penny rate, “Philosopher Warburton” at home, [130];
• on deputation to Lord Melbourne, questions Government in House, “Penny Postage is to be granted,” [134];
• advises R. H. to attend debate, [125];
• supports Bill, [138];
• urges giving appointment to R. H., [145];
• and restoration to office, [212];
• interviews Postmaster-General, [214]
• Watch-smuggling, [273];
• a stolen, [274], [275]
• Waterloo, the battle of, [1], [88]
• Watford and St Albans' mails, [227]
• Watson, Mr, [207]
• Watt, James, [261], [303]
• “Waverley,” [78]
• Wedding ring, episode of a, [302]
• Weighing letters, [125]
• Weight of chargeable letters one-fourth of the entire mail only, [103];
• average carried and capable of being carried by coach, [123]
• Wellington, Duke of, [1], [136], [137], [138], [141], [224], [239], [260]
• Wesley, John, [81]
• West Indian Packet Service, [236]
• West, Mr, on Etymology, [266]
• Westminster, [76];
• the Hall, [156];
• the Abbey, [301], [303]
• Wheatstone, Sir Chas., [34]
• Whitehead, Sir Jas., [302]
• Whiting, Mr, [189], [198]
• Widows' and Orphans' Fund, the P.O., [220]
• Wild and visionary scheme, a, [120]
• Wilde, Sir Thos. (Lord Truro), [36]
• Wilkinson, Mr W. A., [115]
• William I., German Emperor, [266]
• —— III., [81];
• —— IV., [19], [119]
• Wills, Mr W. H., [31], [163], [266];
• Mrs Wills, [31]
• Wilson, Mr L. P., [115]
• Window immortalised by Dickens, a, [163]
• Witch mania, the, [81]
• Witherings, postal reformer, gives new meaning to the word “post,” made “Master of the Posts,” an able administrator, dismissed, [72], [73], [78];
• remarks on his treatment, [80], [179]
• Wolverhampton, [11], [23], [25], [26], [50], [52], [133], [294]
• Wolves, [159]
• Wood, Mr J. (Stamps and Taxes Office), [188]
• ——, Mr G. W., M.P., [120]
• Works of Reference, [185], [186], [192], [195], [196]
• Wreckage, postal reform narrowly escapes, [127], [129]
• Wurtemberg adopts postal reform, [251]
• Wyon, Wm., R.A., [199]
• Yates, Edmund, [154], [266], [280], [285]
• “Year of Revolutions, The,” [221], [239]
• York, [74], [77]
• ——, James, Duke of, [76]
• Yorke, Hon. and Rev. G., [225]
• Young, Arthur, [78]
• Zerffi, Dr, [37]

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