Area Handbook for Romania

by Eugene K. Keefe; Donald W. Bernier; Lyle E. Brenneman; William Giloane; James M. Moore; Neda A. Walpole

INDEX

• abortion: [39], [57]
• administrative divisions: [viii], [38]
• adult education: [7], [86-87]
• Africa: [156], [163], [171], [172], [182], [183]
• Agerpres. See Romanian Press Agency
• Agricultural Bank: [261], [267]
• Agricultural Mechanization Enterprises: [262-264], [267]
• agriculture (see also collective farms; livestock): [v], [viii], [8], [30], [31], [36], [41], [227], [229], [231], [232], [233], [236], [237], [241];
  • Commission, [117];
  • education, [76], [85], [87], [145];
  • labor, [viii], [61], [233], [253], [262], [264-266];
  • production, [269-273], [274]
• aid foreign (see also Council for Mutual Economic Assistance): [26], [103], [167], [169], [279];
  • military, [211-212], [216], [223]
• air forces: [ix], [7], [211], [213], [214], [215-216], [219], [221], [224]
• air transport: [ix], [45], [46-47], [196], [216]
• Albania: [27], [39], [42], [158], [166], [167], [172]
• Alecsandri, Vasile: [105]
• Alexandrescu, Grigore: [104]
• Allied Control Commission: [21], [24]
• Allies. See World War I; World War II
• Aman, Theodor: [97]
• Anti-Comintern Pact: [21]
• anti-Semitism: [17], [19], [56]
• anti-subversion. See counter-subversion
• Antonescu, Ion: [21], [175]
• Apostol, Gheorghe: [130], [131], [134], [136]
• Arad: [44], [193]
• archaeology: [94], [95], [99]
• architecture: [76], [99-100]
• Arghezi, Tudor: [106]
• aristocracy: [6], [12], [56], [75]
• armed forces (see also military): [ix], [7], [15], [16], [119], [120], [121], [133], [161], [200], [203], [211-216], [221-227];
  • command, [112], [116], [173], [213];
  • training, [220-221], [223]
• army (see also ground force): [ix], [7]
• arts and the artists: [7], [91], [92-94], [135], [152], [180];
  • education, [76], [81], [84], [85], [97];
  • union, [135]
• Asachi, Gheorghe: [104]
• Asia: [156], [163], [168], [171], [182], [183], [219]
• Aslan, Ana: [107]
• atheism: [5]
• Aurelian, Emperor: [11], [50]
• Austria (see also Austro-Hungarian Empire): [20], [24], [33], [46], [54]
• Austro-Hungarian Empire (see also Habsburgs; Hungary): [9], [13], [14], [18], [33], [37]
• automobiles (see also traffic): [42], [203-204], [288]
• Avars: [11]
  
• Baia-Mare: [44], [52]
• Balaga, Lucian: [106]
• Balcescu, Nicolae: [104]
• Balkans: [22], [29], [163], [167], [170], [171], [185], [211];
  • history, [3], [9], [10]
• Banat: [10], [11], [32], [254];
  • population, [52], [53], [55]
• Banks for Agriculture and the Food Industry: [242], [243], [244], [267-268]
• banks and banking (see also individual banks): [110], [242-246]
• Bessarabia: [18], [20], [37], [54], [55], [212]
• Bihor Massif: [30], [31]
• birth control: [39]
• birth rate: [39-40], [57]
• Black Forest: [34]
• Black Sea: [vii], [xiv], [29], [32], [33], [34], [35], [38], [46], [47], [48], [216], [217], [218], [224], [276];
  • history, [10]
• Bokassa, Jean Bebel, president of the Central African Republic: [172]
• Book Central: [187], [188]
• Boris, Tsar: [11]
• boundaries, national (see also individual neighboring countries): [vii], [xiv], [9], [29], [32], [37-38], [211]
• Braila: [48]
• Brancusi, Constantin: [98]
• Brasov: [38], [44], [53], [102], [182]
• Brezhnev, Leonid: [165];
  • doctrine, [28], [159], [160], [164], [165]
• Brincoveanu, Constantin, Prince: [100]
• Bucharest: [viii], [xiv], [10], [15], [31], [32], [34], [35], [38], [67], [70], [147], [148], [155], [163], [207], [214], [221], [254], [263];
  • cultural, [67], [91], [96], [97], [98], [104], [107];
  • government, [122], [123], [125];
  • history, [16], [18], [19], [21];
  • information, [177], [181], [182], [186], [188], [189];
  • politics, [139], [141], [142], [147];
  • population, [38], [41], [54];
  • security, [195], [213], [216];
  • transport, [43], [44], [47]
• Bucharest Declaration: [168], [218]
• budget: [41], [112], [116], [120], [240-241], [248], [286];
  • local, [126]
• Bukovina: [10], [18], [20], [33], [37], [71], [72], [212]
• Bulgaria: [7], [37], [165-166], [167], [172], [182], [218], [219], [276], [278], [279];
  • border, [vii], [xiv], [10], [29], [32], [48], [216], [217];
  • history, [11], [20], [212]
• 
  
• canals: [ix], [29], [31], [46]
• Cantemir, Dimitrie: [104]
• capital punishment: [205]
• Carol I, King: [16], [17], [18]
• Carol II, King: [19], [20], [21], [175]
  • history, [11], [50]
• Carpathian Mountains: [vii], [29], [30], [31], [47], [94];
  • foreign relations, [7-8], [28], [132], [155], [156], [159], [160], [162], [164], [165], [166], [167], [168], [169], [170], [171], [172-173]
• Ceausescu, Nicolae: [1], [2], [3], [27], [28], [93], [109], [113], [118], [119], [124-125], [127], [129], [130], [131-134], [136], [139], [140], [142], [144], [148], [149], [150], [151], [152], [153], [154], [184], [206], [213];
• censorship (see also freedom of expression): [176]
  • (1930), [79];
  • (1956), [54], [79];
  • (1966), [39], [49], [52], [143]
• census: [54], [55];
• Central European System: [185]
• cereals: [254], [255], [256], [272], [273], [274]
• Cernavoda: [43], [44]
• Cernavoda-Silistra: [279]
• Charles of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. See Carol I
• chernozem: [35], [254]
  • care, [80], [82-83];
  • education, [74], [75], [76], [79], [82]
• children (see also students): [6], [14], [40], [57], [58], [183], [187], [199], [200];
• Christianity (see also Protestants; Roman Catholicism; Romanian Orthodox Church): introduction of, [11], [67]
• church-state relations: [viii], [4], [5], [66-67], [68], [69], [70]
• civil rights (see also freedom of expression; ownership; religion; suffrage): [3], [16], [66], [111-112], [113], [146], [150], [151], [176], [194], [201], [206]
  • training, [66], [69], [72], [112]
• clergy: [5], [14], [65], [66], [67], [68], [70];
• climate: [vii], [29], [33], [34-35], [36], [253], [254]
• Cluj: [44], [52], [71], [72], [91], [102], [182], [186], [189], [213]
• coal: [238], [276-277], [288]
• cobza: [100]
• Codreanu, Corneliu: [20]
  • labor, [vii], [264]
• collective farms: [24], [41], [58], [87], [194], [230], [236], [244], [257-261], [262], [263], [266], [267], [273], [280];
• College of Saint Sava: [104]
• commerce (see also trade): [15]
  • and culture, [91], [92-94], [98], [101], [102], [103], [106], [107];
  • and economy, [8], [24], [49], [132], [133], [149-150], [229], [234], [275];
  • and education, [73-74], [76-77], [78];
  • government, [2-3], [24-28], [38], [110];
  • and information, [176], [183], [185], [189];
  • and religion, [4], [5], [65], [68], [70];
  • rise to power, [9], [22-24];
  • and social structure, [6], [49], [58-62]
• Communists and communism (see also Romanian Communist Party): [v], [3], [56], [127], [157];
• Concordat (1927): [69]
• Congress of Paris: [16]
• conscripts and conscription (see also military): [7], [212], [219], [220], [221], [223]
• Constanta: [4], [44], [47], [182], [216], [217], [276]
  • (1866), [16], [17];
  • (1923), [18];
  • (1938), [20];
  • (1948), [5], [110], [111];
  • (1952), [5], [110], [112], [119], [150];
  • (1965), [vii], [5], [28], [66], [109], [110], [113-114], [117], [119], [120], [121], [122], [124], [125], [126], [146], [160], [161], [163], [206];
  • Commission, [116], [117];
  • development, [110-113]
• Constitution: [3], [5], [116];
  • private, [242], [245];
  • youth, [201]
  • consumer goods: [149], [229], [232], [235], [237], [239], [241], [251], [287-288];
  • export, [viii];
  • production, [8], [30], [42]
• construction: [227], [232], [256], [257], [279], [280], [283], [287];
  • agricultural, [59], [153]
• cooperatives: [82], [85], [114], [126], [127];
• Council of Ministers: [109], [110], [112], [114], [115], [116], [118], [119-121], [123], [124], [133], [140], [147], [161], [162], [176], [195], [198], [200], [214], [230], [240], [241], [243], [244], [256]
• Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON): [iii], [1], [2], [8], [26], [27], [150], [156], [157-158], [159], [161], [164], [168], [169], [172], [173], [174], [247], [249-250], [275]
• Council of Romanian Radio and Television: [182], [184]
• Council on Socialist Culture and Education: [94], [120], [176], [181], [186], [189]
• Council of State: [vii], [109], [112], [114], [115], [116], [117-119], [121], [122], [124], [125], [133], [140], [161], [162], [230], [240], [256], [289]
• Council of State Security: [119], [120], [121]
• counter-subversion: [ix], [194], [202], [205]
• county. See judet
  • military, [223]
• courts: [viii], [115], [122-124], [194], [200], [205], [206-207];
• credit policies: [242], [245-246], [260], [266], [267-269]
• crime (see also penal system): [193], [194], [196], [199], [201-203], [205], [206], [223], [257]
• Crimean War: [16]
• Crisana: [10], [32], [179]
• cultural activity (see also architecture; arts and the artists; folk culture; literature; music; painting; sculpture): [4], [7], [12], [14], [41], [52], [53], [54], [85], [87], [91], [92], [152]
  • nationalism, [7], [92], [97], [102], [104]
• cultural influences: [4], [7], [12], [14-15], [50], [51], [62], [63], [69], [76], [93], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [104], [105], [106];
• currency (see also exchange): [246-247]
• Cuza, Alexander: [16]
• Cyrillic alphabet: [14]
  • invasion of, [7], [9], [28], [119], [135], [150], [154], [159], [164], [165], [166], [170], [172], [211], [218]
• Czechoslovakia: [xiv], [20], [21], [30], [46], [163], [165], [172], [182], [190], [218], [224], [250], [278];
• 
  
• Dacia (see also Dacians): [3], [11], [50], [67], [99]
• Dacia Literata: [104]
• Dacians (see also Dacia; Daco-Romans): [2], [10], [11], [14], [50]
  • history, [10], [11], [12], [99]
• Daco-Romans: [3]
• Danube River: [29], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [38], [41], [43], [45-46], [47], [48], [55], [167], [216], [217], [254], [279];
  • Commission, [117]
• death rate: [39]
• defense (see also armed forces; security): [116], [195], [241];
• Defence Council: [115], [118], [121], [133], [135], [140], [173], [213], [214]
• Densus: [99]
• Department of Cults: [5], [66]
• Description of Moldavia: [104]
  • history, [10], [20], [37];
  • population, [41], [55]
• divorce: [57], [58]
• Dobruja: [vii], [31], [32], [33], [34], [72], [99], [253];
• Dogmatic Period: [92], [93]
• Dragan, Mircea: [103]
• Draghici, Alexandru: [130], [131], [134]
• droughts: [254]
  • economic relations, [viii], [26], [170], [248]
• Dubcek, Alexander: [165]
  
• Eastern Europe: [v], [8], [68], [94], [110], [155], [156], [158], [165], [166], [169], [172], [173], [182], [216], [218], [262];
• Eastern Orthodox Church (see also Romanian Orthodox Church): [11], [13], [14], [53], [67], [99]
  • plans, [234-237], [242]
• Economic Council: [115], [119]
  • Commission, [117]
• economic development (see also Five Year Plan): [viii], [6], [8], [17], [61], [73], [119], [149-150], [156], [161], [242];
  • Act (1964), [74];
  • Commission, [117];
  • curricula, [viii], [7], [74], [75], [77], [78], [82];
  • higher, [6], [59], [61], [73], [74], [76], [77], [80], [84], [85-86], [107-108];
  • law (1948), [77];
  • law (1968), [78], [87];
  • traffic, [204]
• economy (see also agriculture; economic development; finance; industry): [v], [viii], [8], [24], [25], [26], [42], [112], [113], [116], [120], [132], [133], [149], [158], [174], [226-227], [229-237];
• education (see also adult education; indoctrination; schools; technical/vocational education; universities): [viii], [4], [6-7], [14], [15], [16], [60], [61], [62], [66], [73-83], [126], [200];
  • (1937), [19];
  • (1948), [24];
  • (1969), [127], [135]
• Eforie Nord: [100]
  • hydro, [29], [36], [167], [278], [279]
• elections: [vii], [23], [116], [117], [126-127];
• electricity: [ix], [277], [278-279], [288];
  • illegal, [203];
  • Jews, [4], [72]
• elite class: [6], [60]
• emigration: [40-41], [53], [71];
• Eminescu, Mihail: [105], [106]
• employment (see also labor; wages): [41], [59], [84], [154], [195], [233-234], [253], [265], [266], [280], [284-286]
• Enescu, Georghe: [101]
• English language: [83], [181], [183]
• ethnic groups (see also individual groups; minority ethnic groups): [vii], [3], [49-50], [55-56]
• European Recovery Program (Marshall Plan): [26], [157]
• Everac, Paul: [102]
• exchange, foreign: [ix], [187], [230], [242], [244], [247]
  • agricultural, [viii], [36], [230], [273]
• expenditure: [241]
• export: [236], [239], [244], [248-249], [251], [253], [286];
• Export-Import Bank: [251]
  
• family: [49], [56-58], [226], [257], [259]
• fauna. See wildlife
• Federal Republic of Germany: [28], [34], [43], [53], [159], [164], [165], [168-170], [190], [288]
• Ferdinand, King: [18], [19]
• films: [103], [175], [177], [189-190]
• finance (see also budget; foreign exchange; investment; taxation; trade): [viii-ix]
  • (1960-65), [26];
  • (1971-75), [8], [149-150], [229], [230], [245], [266], [275]
• fishing and fisheries: [33]
• Five-Year Plan: [viii], [8];
• floods: [43], [173], [208], [222], [227], [255], [270]
• folk culture: [65], [91], [94-96], [98], [100-101], [105]
• foodstuffs: [42-43]; export, [viii], [30]
  • Commission, [117];
  • diplomatic representation, [118], [155], [159], [162], [163], [164-172];
  • economic. See trade;
  • policy, [116], [120], [133], [152], [156-162], [175]
• foreign exchange. See exchange
  • Commission, [117]
• foreign relations: [1], [2], [7], [25], [27], [28], [63], [118], [134], [136], [139], [154], [155], [162-174];
  • cultural influence, [15], [62], [63], [76], [101], [104], [105], [106], [107], [190];
  • language, [83], [181], [183]
• forests and forestry: [29], [30], [32], [33], [35], [36], [85], [233], [255], [277-278], [284];
• France: [16], [20], [103], [168], [171], [212], [250];
• freedom of expression (see also press): [91-92], [111], [113], [175], [176]
• frontier troops: [ix], [7], [211], [213], [214], [217], [221]
• fruit (see also orchards and vineyards): [254], [272]
  
• Galati: [44], [48]
• gems: [243], [247]
• General Military Academy, Bucharest: [214], [221]
• General Regulation for Religious Cults (1948): [66], [70]
• General Union of Trade Unions: [120], [121], [133], [134], [136], [147], [148-149], [178], [198], [237], [243]
• geology: [30-32]
• Georgescu, Ion: [98]
  • history, [11], [99]
• German Democratic Republic: [165], [172], [182], [190], [250]
• German ethnic group (see also German language): [vii], [viii], [3], [4], [18], [49], [51], [53-54], [55], [56], [57], [69], [71], [102], [127], [135], [143], [151];
• German language: [vii], [51], [53], [54], [69], [83], [89], [180], [181], [183]
  • foreign relations, [156], [157], [158], [159], [165]
• Germany (see also Federal Republic of Germany; German Democratic Republic; Nazis): [18], [71], [101], [107], [212]
• Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe: [3], [22], [23], [24], [25], [27], [47], [110], [112], [130], [131], [134], [168];
• Giurgiu: [43], [44]
• gold: [277]
  • central, [114-124], [126]
• Goths: [50]
• government (see also Constitution; local government): [vii], [17], [109-110], [115];
• Grand National Assembly: [88], [109], [110], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [121], [122], [123], [124], [125], [126], [133], [140], [151], [161], [162], [173], [237], [240], [241]
• Great Britain: [20], [23], [158], [171], [190], [212]
• Greater Romania: [18]
• Greece: [170-171]
• Grigorescu, Nicolae: [97]
• gross national product (GNP): [227], [233]
• ground force: [215], [224]
• Groza Petru: [23]
  
• Habsburgs (see also Austro-Hungarian Empire): [14]
  • Commission, [117];
  • education, [85]
• handcrafts: [94-96]
• health: [42], [126];
• Heinemann, Gustav, president of the federal Republic of Germany: [170]
• Higher Political Council: [213]
• History of the Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Empire: [104]
• Hitler, Adolf: [20]
• Holy See. See Vatican
• housing: [40], [41], [42], [57], [58], [59], [61], [99], [195], [201], [233], [245], [256]
  • history, [3], [11], [13], [37], [52], [63], [99]
• Hungarian Autonomous Region (Mures-Magyar): [52], [111], [114], [150]
• Hungarian ethnic group (Magyars) (see also Hungarian language): [vii], [viii], [3], [4], [18], [49], [51], [52-53], [55], [56], [57], [69], [71], [72], [102], [111], [127], [135], [143], [151], [166];
• Hungarian language: [vii], [51], [53], [69], [83], [89], [180], [181], [183]
  • border, [vii], [xiv], [10], [29], [38], [52], [203], [217];
  • history, [11], [19], [20], [21], [52], [53], [55], [67];
  • revolt, [26], [157]
• Hungarian People's Union: [23]
• Hungary (see also Austro-Hungarian Empire): [37], [43], [46], [54], [163], [165], [166], [167], [172], [182];
• 
  
  • substitute, [244]
• Iasi: [15], [105], [182], [186], [189], [213]
  • church, [66];
  • national, [231], [232], [253];
  • per capita, [230]
• ideological campaign: [152], [153], [154], [175], [178], [184]
  • 'declaration of', [1], [2], [27]
• imports: [229], [239], [248], [249], [251], [253], [277], [284], [287];
  • armed forces, [211], [221-222];
  • youth, [7], [73], [76], [77], [78-79], [80], [83], [84], [87], [132], [148], [180]
• income: [40], [41], [59], [60], [61], [153], [240], [260], [264];
• independence: [15-17], [113], [135], [160];
  • commission, [117];
  • labor, [vii-viii], [61], [264], [275], [283-286]
• indoctrination, political (see also propaganda): [viii], [ix], [132], [133], [139], [141], [144], [145], [146], [175], [176], [178], [183], [191], [201];
  • foreign, [132], [152], [175], [181-182], [184], [185], [186], [189], [190]
• industrialization (see also industry): [v], [6], [8], [15], [17], [18], [26], [41], [43], [49], [77], [85], [150], [161], [229], [247], [251], [253]
• industry (see also construction; electricity; industrialization; investment; nationalization): [viii], [25], [110], [149], [157], [229-230], [232], [233], [275-283], [287-289];
• information (see also newspapers; periodicals; press; radio; television): [ix], [65], [175-177], [190-191];
• Institute of Historical and Social-Political Studies: [139], [145]
• intelligentsia (see also arts and the artists; professionals): [59], [60], [62], [142], [148]
• international commitments (see also individual pacts): [v], [ix], [121], [160], [172-174], [218-219]
  • in agriculture, [viii], [266-267];
  • foreign, [18];
  • in industry, [viii], [232], [275], [286-287]
• Intervision: [185]
• Investment Bank: [242], [243-244]
• investment, capital: [30], [42], [229], [233], [243], [268];
  • hydroelectricity, [167], [279]
• Ionescu, Eugene: [102]
• iron: [277], [288]
• Iron Gate: [31], [34], [55];
• Iron Guard: [19], [20], [21]
• irrigation: [201], [227], [254]
• Islam: [4], [72]
• Israel: [4], [28], [41], [72], [159], [164], [171]
• Italy: [20], [21], [101], [168], [171], [190], [250]
  
• Jalea, Ion: [98]
• Japan: [21]
• Jews and Judaism: [3], [4], [17], [18], [19], [41], [54], [56], [72], [199]
  • courts, [122], [123], [124], [207];
  • political, [137], [141], [142];
  • security, [195]
• Jiu Valley: [276]
• journalists: [7]
• judet: [109], [110], [114], [124], [148];
• judges: [122], [206], [223]
• judiciary (see also courts; military): [122-124], [194], [202], [206]
• Junimea: [105]
• justice (see also courts; judiciary; military; penal system): [viii]
• Justinian, patriarch: [70]
  
• Khrushchev, Nikita, premier of the Soviet Union: [2], [25], [26], [156], [157], [166]
• Kingdom of Romania: [v], [vii], [16], [18], [19]
• Kiselev, Pavel, Count: [15]
  • code, [197];
  • conditions of, [111];
  • disputes, [123]
• Koenig, Cardinal: [70]
• Kogalniceanu, Mihail: [104], [105]
  
• labor force (see also labor unions): [vii-viii], [43], [57], [73], [149], [211], [226], [230], [233], [253], [262], [264-266], [269], [280], [282], [283-286];
  • agricultural, [33], [36], [254-257];
  • conservation, [256], [257];
  • ownership, [230]
• labor unions (see also General Union of Trade Unions): [5], [22], [80], [87], [123], [126], [127], [132], [135], [144], [176], [180], [199], [243]
• lakes: [32], [33-34]
• land (see also forests and forestry; marshland; reform): [viii], [237];
• languages (see also individual languages): [vii], [4], [83], [87], [88], [177], [181], [183]
• lautari: [100]
• leu: [viii], [246], [305]
• Liberal Party: [18], [19], [23]
• libraries: [188-189]
• life expectancy: [39], [42]
• Lipatti, Dinu: [101]
  • products, [253], [254], [268], [269-270], [271], [272], [273], [274]
• literacy: [6], [68], [73], [76], [79], [219]
• literature: [7], [14], [93], [103-107], [152], [187]
• livestock: [260];
• living standards: [17], [30], [41-43], [57], [59], [60], [61], [88], [149], [153], [202], [239], [240], [264]
• local government: [viii], [6], [38], [109], [110], [111], [114], [124-126], [198]
• Luceafarul: [105]
• Luchian, Stefan: [97]
• Lupescu, Magda: [19]
  
• Magyars. See Hungarian ethnic group
• Mairescu, Titu: [105]
• Mamaia: [100]
• Manescu, Corneliu: [162]
• Manescu, Manea: [140]
• Mangalia: [48], [100], [216]
• Maniu, Iuliu: [19]
• Maramures: [10], [32]
• marriage: [57], [195]
• Marshall Plan. See European Recovery Program
• marshland: [31], [32], [34], [35], [41], [43]
• Marxism-Leninism: [v], [5], [76], [83], [107], [146], [147], [148], [151], [155], [160], [184], [187], [189]
  • military, [222]
• mass organization (see also labor unions; women; youth): [145], [146-149], [178], [198-201]
• Maurer, Ion Gheorghe: [112], [127], [130], [131], [134], [135], [158], [162], [169]
• medical services: [42];
• merchant marine: [ix], [30], [47-48]
• metallurgy: [283], [286]
• Michael the Brave (1593-1601): [12], [13]
• Michael, King (son of Carol II): [19], [21], [23], [176]
  • foreign, [167], [171], [173];
  • honours, [226];
  • justice, [viii], [122], [123], [205], [207-208], [222-223];
  • personnel, [195], [213], [219-220];
  • service, [7], [112], [211], [212];
  • volunteers, [220]
• Middle East (see also Israel): [46], [171], [276]
• migration, historical: [3], [11], [13], [50]
• military (see also aid; armed forces): [7], [8], [118-119], [134], [198];
• Military Achievement Exhibit: [224]
  • economic, [231], [234], [282], [283]
• militia: [194], [195-197], [200], [203], [204], [206], [221]
• minerals (see also coal; iron; natural gas; oil): [36-37], [275]
  • minister, [119], [121], [213-214]
• ministries and ministers (see also Council of Ministers; individual ministries): [115], [119], [120], [133];
• Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Industry and Waters: [243], [244], [259], [261], [262]
• Ministry of the Armed Forces: [7], [121], [145], [195], [208], [212], [213], [214], [215], [217];
• Ministry of Defense: [211]
  • minister, [119]
• Ministry of Education: [75], [80-82], [84], [86]
• Ministry of Finance: [237], [241], [242], [243], [247]
  • minister, [119], [121], [195]
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs: [162], [163];
  • minister, [122]
• Ministry of Foreign Trade: [162], [163], [248]
• Ministry of Internal Affairs: [ix], [145], [195], [196], [208], [217], [221];
• Ministry of Justice: [122], [123], [203], [207];
  • minister, [200]
• Ministry of Technical Material Supply and Control of the Management of Fixed Assets: [236]
  • education, [78], [88-89];
  • rights, [111]
• Ministry of Transportation: [43], [46]
• Ministry of Youth Problems: [147];
• minority ethnic groups (see also individual ethnic groups): [vii], [3-4], [49-50], [54-55], [91], [135], [139], [149], [150-151], [166];
  • cultural, [95], [96], [99], [103], [104];
  • history, [3], [10], [12], [13], [15], [16], [33], [37], [67], [74];
  • population, [41], [54]
• missiles: [216]
• Mobutu, Joseph, president of Zaire: [172]
• Moldavia: [vii], [30], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [254];
• monarchy, constitutional: [19], [23]
• mountains (see also individual ranges): [ix], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [36], [41], [253], [254]
  • education, [75], [83]
• Munca: [178]
• Muntenia: [31]
• music: [100-101], [184];
• Muslims (see also Islam): [4]
• Mures-Magyar. See Hungarian Autonomous Region
  
• National Bank of the Romanian Socialist Republic: [viii], [242], [243], [245], [246]
• National Center for Cinematography: [189]
• National Democratic Front: [22], [23]
• National Peasant Party: [19], [22], [23]
• National Popular Party: [23]
• National Renaissance Party: [20]
• National Union of Agricultural Production Cooperatives: [133], [259]
• nationalism: [2], [3], [7], [9], [14], [25], [56], [67], [92], [97], [102], [104], [129], [130], [132], [154]
• nationalization: [24], [55], [58], [110], [244]
• natural gas: [ix], [29], [30], [36], [37], [47], [275], [276], [278], [288]
• navy: [ix], [7], [48], [211], [213], [214], [216], [221]
• Nazis: [9], [19], [20-21], [37], [54], [157], [168]
• Negruzzi, Constantine: [104], [105]
• news agencies: [175], [181-182]
• newspapers: [53], [54], [104], [175], [176], [177-180], [182]
• Niculescu-Mizil, Paul: [140]
• Nixon, Richard M., president of the U.S.A.: [159], [170]
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): [8], [161], [171], [218]
• nuclear free zone: [167], [171]
• nuclear power: [279]
  
• Official Bulletin of the Socialist Republic of Romania: [117]
• oil: [ix], [29], [36], [47], [275-276], [288]
• Old Catholics: [72]
• Old Church Slavonic: [67], [103]
• Old Kingdom. See Kingdom of Romania
• Olt River: [31]
• Oltenia: [10], [11], [31], [95], [276]
• Oradea: [52]
• orchards and vineyards: [31], [32], [36], [254], [255], [257], [268]
• Ottoman Empire and the Turks: [9], [12], [13], [16], [32], [55], [63], [67], [72], [91]
• ownership (see also private sector): [110], [113-114], [259], [260]
  
• PCR. See Romanian Communist Party
• Paciurea, Dimitrie: [98]
• painting (see also arts and the artists): [95-98]
  • single party, [2], [5]
• Pana, Gheorghe: [140]
• Pann, Anton: [101]
• party politics (see also individual parties): [14], [17], [20], [22], [175];
• pasture: [32], [33], [36], [254], [255], [257]
  • history, [12], [13];
  • revolt, [17]
• Patrascanu, Lucretiu: [131], [134]
  • code, [194], [205-206], [222];
  • institutions, [207-209]
• Pauker, Ana: [22], [24], [25]
  • Commission, [117]
• peasantry (see also folk culture, working class): [53], [58], [61], [62], [68], [74], [148], [153];
• penal system: [201-202], [257];
• people's councils: [111], [114], [115], [116], [124], [125], [126], [196];
  • library, [105], [107], [152]
• People's Democratic Front: [24], [127], [135]
• People's Republic of China (see also Sino-Soviet issue): [1], [27], [157], [158], [164], [167], [168], [250]
• periodicals: [53], [176], [180-181], [182];
• Peter, tsar of Russia: [2]
• petroleum: [ix], [17], [20], [29], [37], [47], [276], [278]
• Petrosani: [276]
• Phanariots: [12-13], [15]
• Pioneers Organization: [77], [80], [198], [199], [201]
• pipelines: [ix], [29], [47]
• Ploiesti: [37], [41], [44], [47], [216]
  • secret, [3], [25], [193], [197]
• Plowmans Front: [22], [23]
• Poland: [xiv], [165], [172], [182], [224]
• police (see also militia): [ix], [24], [195], [196], [197], [198], [202], [203];
• pope: [14], [67], [68], [70], [71]
• Popescu-Gopo: [103]
• population: [vii], [3], [30], [35], [38-41], [74]
• ports (see also individual ports): [ix], [17], [48], [196], [217]
  • freedom, [16], [113], [153], [176]
• president, office and functions: [117], [118], [161], [214]
• Presidium: [110], [112]
• press: [ix], [23], [93], [139], [176];
• prices: [237-240], [249], [283]
  • unions, [94]
• prime minister, office and functions: [110], [119], [120]
• private sector: [113-114], [230], [258], [268-269], [273], [280]
• professionals (see also intelligentsia): [6];
• propaganda (see also indoctrination): [v], [92], [139], [141], [153], [175], [176], [184], [190]
• Prosecutor General: [112], [115], [116], [118], [122], [123-124], [202]
• Protestants (see also religion): [viii], [4], [5], [13], [53], [71-72]
• Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (VietCong): [163], [171]
• Prut River: [29], [30], [31], [33], [38], [46]
• publishing: [147], [175], [176], [177], [185-187]
• purges, political: [3], [24], [25], [77], [142], [156]
  
• Radescu, Nicolae, General: [22], [23]
• radio: [ix], [54], [101], [175], [176], [177], [182-184], [191], [288]
  • economic, [8], [19], [231], [237], [248], [285];
  • education, [73], [77-79];
  • land, [16], [17], [18], [55], [58]
• Radulescu, Ehade: [104]
  • education, [4], [14], [66], [69], [72], [75], [76], [112];
  • freedom of, [viii], [5], [65], [68], [111];
  • persecution of, [4], [65], [68], [70]
• railways: [ix], [16], [29], [43-45], [194], [196], [227]
• reform: [14], [16], [19], [132], [133], [153];
• religion (see also church-state relations; clergy; Protestants; Roman Catholicism; Romanian Orthodox Church): [viii], [4], [5], [62], [65-66], [127];
• Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam): [170], [171]
• research: [107-108]
• revenue (see also taxation): [241], [269]
• riparian rights: [vii]
• rivers (see also individual rivers; riparian rights; waterways): [ix], [29], [31], [33-34], [36]
• roads and highways: [ix], [29], [43], [44], [99], [203], [227]
• Rodin, Auguste: [98]
• Roman Catholicism (see also church-state relations; religion): [viii], [4], [13], [53], [67], [69-71]
• Romania Libera: [178], [179]
  • Central Auditing Committee, [133], [137], [140];
  • Central Collegium, [140];
  • Central Committee, [26], [27], [118], [119], [121], [125], [131], [132], [133], [134], [136], [137], [138], [139], [140], [143], [145], [153], [158], [162], [176], [178], [180], [181], [182], [213], [268];
  • Executive Committee, [120], [121], [131], [138], [139], [140], [152], [198];
  • membership, [61], [129], [142-144], [153], [281];
  • organization, [137-142];
  • policies, [149-153];
  • Secretariat, [119], [138], [139], [140], [152];
  • Standing Presidium, [8], [119], [131], [133], [138], [139], [155], [160], [162], [230]
• Romanian Academy of Social and Political Sciences: [82]
  • history, [13-14]
• Romanian Air Transport (TAROM): [ix], [46]
• Romanian Communist Party (Partidul Comunist Roman, PCR): [vi], [vii], [1], [3], [5], [6], [7], [8], [19], [22], [27], [55], [84], [92], [94], [98], [101], [109], [110], [111], [114], [118], [123], [125], [126], [127], [129], [130], [132-134], [135], [136-146], [147], [149], [153], [160], [161], [164], [167], [168], [169], [171], [174], [176], [177], [196], [198], [211], [226], [229], [234], [235], [237], [248], [275], [280];
• Romanian ethnic group: [3], [17], [18], [33], [49], [50-52], [52-53], [55], [57], [143];
• Romanian Foreign Trade Bank: [242], [243], [244], [247]
• Romanian language: [vii], [2], [4], [11], [14], [51], [54], [67], [75], [83], [103], [104], [209]
• Romanian Orthodox Church (see also church-state relations; clergy religion): [viii], [4], [65], [67-69]
• Romanian People's Army. See armed forces
• Romanian People's Republic: [v], [vii], [5], [24], [110], [111], [131]
• Romanian Press Agency (Agentia Romana de Presa, Agerpres): [181], [182]
  • population, [17], [52], [53]
• Romanian Workers' Party: [23], [27], [111], [112], [130], [137], [142]
  • revolution, [19], [37]
• Romans and the Roman Empire: [3], [10-11], [14], [50], [67], [91], [99]
• rural society (see also villages): [38], [41], [57], [62], [65], [68], [79], [87], [153], [154], [183], [187], [264];
• Russia (see also Soviet Union): history, [2], [9], [15], [16], [18], [37], [54];
• Russian language: [2], [27], [83], [181]
  
• Sadoveanu, Mihail: [106]
• sanitation: [42]
• Sarmizegetusa: [99]
• Savings and Loan Bank: [242], [244], [245]
• schools (see also education; religion; students; universities): [2], [14], [27], [53], [54], [57], [65], [73], [74], [75], [77], [80], [81], [82], [83-88], [89], [97], [104], [148], [200], [201], [204]
• Scinteia: [178], [179]
  • internal, [116], [120], [193-201];
  • national, [ix], [20]
• Scinteia Tineretului: [178-180]
• sculpture: [98]
• security (see also crime; defence; police): [133], [139];
• security troops: [193], [194], [197-198], [203], [206], [219]
• services: [232], [239]
• Sibu: [53]
• Sighisoara: [53]
• Sino-Soviet issue: [v], [1], [27], [158], [164], [166], [167]
  • language and culture, [50], [51], [67]
• Siretul River: [30], [31], [41]
• size and location (see also boundaries): [vii], [xiv], [3], [29], [32]
• Slavs: [2], [4], [9], [11], [12], [49], [51], [55], [127], [151];
• social benefits: [88], [260], [262]
• Social Democratic Party: [19], [22], [23], [137], [142]
• social structure: [6], [17], [58-62]
• socialism (see also collective farms; nationalization; Socialist Realism): [v], [5], [73], [105], [151-153], [154], [198], [207], [230], [240]
• Socialist Party: [142]
• Socialist Realism: [7], [92], [93], [106]
• Socialist Republic of Romania: [v], [vii], [1], [3], [5], [28], [66], [113], [131]
  • border, [vii], [xiv], [10], [29], [46], [217];
  • Communist Party, [137], [156], [166];
  • Constitution (1936), [5], [111];
  • independence of, [1-2], [3], [5], [8], [25], [26], [27], [28], [63], [113], [129], [134], [136], [154], [155], [156], [157], [158], [159], [161], [164], [169], [211], [227], [248];
  • influence over Romania, [v], [viii], [1], [5], [7], [9], [24], [76], [92], [110], [111], [137], [152], [156], [158], [198];
  • trade, [viii], [190], [250], [276], [277];
  • World War II, [9], [20], [21]
• Socialist Unity Front: [126], [127], [135], [151], [177], [198]
• soils: [29], [35-36], [253], [254]
  • de-Stalinization, [7], [92], [134-136], [157]
• Soviet Union (see also Czechoslovakia; Sino-Soviet issue): [22], [23], [33], [34], [37], [54], [131], [159], [163], [164-165], [167], [172], [182], [199], [212], [216], [218], [223], [224], [275], [279];
• Stalin, Joseph (see also Stalinism): [2], [7], [9], [25], [156]
  • farms, [257], [258], [261-262], [267], [273];
  • industry, [280], [283]
• Stalinism: [2], [25], [156];
• State Committee for Prices: [115],120, [237], [239], [240]
• state enterprises: [80], [82], [87], [119], [120], [126], [141], [188], [194], [230], [231], [234-237], [238], [239], [242], [243], [246], [248], [281], [283];
• State Inspectorate General for Product Quality: [289]
• State Planning Committee: [119], [120], [121], [237], [242], [243]
• State Security Council: [195], [197], [198]
• Stephan Gheorghiu Academy of Social-Political Education and the Training of Leading Cadres: [139], [144]
• Stephen the Great (1457-1504): [12]
• Stoica, Chivu: [130], [131], [133], [136]
  • organizations, [77], [78], [80], [87], [199], [200]
• Storck, Carol: [98]
• Storck, Karl: [98]
• students (see also schools): [73], [80], [86], [87], [148];
• suffrage: [126]
• sugar beet: [255], [256], [272]
• Superior Council of Agriculture: [256], [257]
• Supreme Court: [viii], [109], [112], [116], [118], [122], [124], [201], [223]
• Szeklers: [13], [52], [53]
• Szekelys. See Szeklers
  
• tambal: [100]
• TAROM. See Romanian Air Transport
• Tatars: [3], [4], [11], [12], [50], [51], [72]
  • training, [75], [76], [77], [82], [84], [85], [87-88], [89], [144]
• Tattarescu, Gheorghe: [97]
• taxation: [233], [239], [241], [245]
• teachers: [78], [79], [82], [83], [88], [154];
• technical/vocational education: [viii], [6], [7], [73], [74], [75], [76], [78], [80], [81], [84], [85], [87], [145], [284]
• television: [ix], [54], [101], [152], [175], [176], [177], [182], [184-185], [288]
• text books: [2], [78], [80], [82]
• textiles: [95], [284], [288]
• theater: [53], [101-102], [105], [152]
• Thracians. See Dacians
• timber: [277-278], [288]
• Timisoara: [44], [193]
• Tirgu Mures: [44], [52]
• Tisza River: [31], [33], [46]
  • exchange rate, [ix], [247]
• Tonitza, Nicolae: [97]
  • balance, [viii], [8], [169], [173], [229], [242-243], [248], [251-252];
  • domestic, [236];
  • foreign, [viii], [27], [155], [162], [163], [164], [167], [168], [170], [171], [172], [173], [217], [229], [230], [237], [246], [247-252]
• topography (see also mountains; rivers): [vii], [31], [253]
• tourists and tourism: [33], [217], [252];
• trade (see also export; import; individual countries): [232];
• traffic, vehicular: [203-204]
• Trajan, Column of: [14]
  • cultural, [94], [95], [99], [103];
  • history, [3], [10], [11], [13-14], [16], [18], [20], [21], [37], [50], [55], [67], [70];
  • population, [41], [52], [53], [54], [56];
  • transport, [43], [47]
• Trajan, Emperor: [11], [50], [99]
• transport (see also air transport; pipelines; railways; roads and highways; traffic; waterways): [43-48], [110], [216], [232]
• Transylvania (see also Transylvanian Alps): [vii], [3], [4], [32], [34], [35], [37], [47], [68], [99], [166], [254], [276];
• Transylvanian Alps: [vii], [30], [31-32], [33], [35], [47], [276]
• travel: [61]
• Treaty of Berlin (1878): [16]
• 'Tudor Vladimirescu': [21]
• Turkey (see also Ottoman Empire and the Turks; Turks): [vii], [15], [16], [170], [171]
• Turks (see also Ottoman Empire and the Turks): [3], [4], [15], [50], [53], [55]
• Turnu Severin: [44], [99]
  
• UTC. See Union of Communist Youth
• underemployment: [233], [253], [264], [265]
• Uniate Church: [4], [13], [67], [68], [69]
• Union of Communist Youth (Uniunea Tineretului Comunist, UTC): [77], [78], [80], [87], [120], [133], [147-148], [178], [181], [198-199], [200], [201], [213]
• Union of Student Associations: [77], [80], [198], [200]
• Unitarians: [4], [5], [13], [53], [73]
  • trade, [158], [246], [250-251]
• United Nations: [ix], [155], [168], [170], [172]
  • foreign, [15];
  • teachers, [116];
  • workers, [87]
• United Principalities: [16]
• United States: [23], [167], [170], [190];
• universities (see also University of Bucharest): [75], [76], [80], [81], [84], [85-86], [88], [199], [200], [221];
  • government, [124], [125], [126]
• University of Bucharest: [107]
• uranium: [277]
• urban society: [4], [15], [17], [38], [41], [49], [54], [57], [62], [75], [87], [102], [141], [255], [264];
  • social, [49], [62-63], [65]
• 
  
• Vacarescu, Iancu: [104]
• Valbudea, Stefan Ionescu: [98]
• values and traditions: political, [153-154];
• Vatican (see also pope): [69], [71]
  • justice, [194]
• vegetables: [254], [256], [261], [268], [270], [272], [273]
• vegetation (see also forests and forestry): [36]
• Vietnam (see also Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam; Republic of Vietnam): [158]
  • prisoners, [208]
• villages: [38], [41], [91], [100];
  • cultural, [96], [97], [99], [103];
  • history, [3], [10], [11], [12], [13], [15], [16], [37], [67], [74];
  • population, [41], [54]
• Vlachs: [11], [12], [50]
• Vyshinsky, Andrei: [23]
  
• wages (see also income): [88], [149], [260-261], [263-264], [285];
• Walachia: [vii], [31], [32], [34], [35], [36], [43], [47], [254];
• Warsaw Pact. See Warsaw Treaty Organization
  • cultural influence (see also France), [91], [93], [95], [98], [99], [100], [101], [104], [105], [107], [132], [152], [168], [187], [189], [190];
  • economic relations, [8], [25], [27], [158], [168], [229], [230], [246], [247], [248], [250], [251], [275]
• Warsaw Treaty Organization (see also Czechoslovakia): [ix], [1], [2], [7], [8], [28], [46], [135], [136], [156], [159], [161], [164], [166], [167], [168], [171], [172], [203], [211], [212], [215], [216], [218], [219], [220], [223], [224], [225], [226], [227]
• waterways: [ix], [29], [44], [45-46], [48]
  • labor, [56-57], [58], [264], [283];
  • organizations, [5], [126], [127], [135], [147], [199]
• West Germany. See Federal Republic of Germany
• Western nations (see also individual nations): [163], [164], [169], [171], [182];
• wildlife: [32-33]
• women: [viii], [39], [40], [57], [79], [141], [143], [180], [181], [208], [209];
• working class (see also peasantry): [6], [17], [58], [59-60], [61], [86], [92], [126], [142], [143], [148], [149], [152]
  • organizations, [5], [57], [77], [78], [105], [126], [127], [132], [135], [144], [147], [152], [198], [199], [200], [201], [281]
• World Council of Churches: [72]
  • border, [vii], [xiv], [10], [29], [34], [37], [216], [217]
• World War I: [3], [4], [9], [17-18], [32], [37], [40], [74], [212]
• World War II: [9], [20-21], [32], [33], [37], [40], [41], [54], [72], [113], [226], [277]
  
• youth (see also students; Union of Communist Youth): [7], [73], [76], [78], [82], [141], [152], [180], [193], [199-201], [203], [219];
• Yugoslavia: [3], [33], [39], [46], [164], [166], [167], [182], [219], [278], [279];
• 
  
• Zhivkov, Todor: [166]

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