GLOSSARY PUBLISHED AREA HANDBOOKS INDEX Academy of Agricultural Sciences: [135] Academy of Sciences: [135] Agitation and Propaganda Department (Agitprop): [160] , [169] , [187] Agrarian Party. See Bulgarian Agrarian Union agriculture (see also agroindustrial complexes): [viii] , [21] , [160] , [225-247] , [260] ;civil defense teams, [276] ; collectivization, [3] , [33] , [34] , [52-53] , [69] , [74] , [77] , [204] ; cropping pattern, [230-231] ; erosion, [227-228] ; faulty practices, [243-244] , [245-246] ; fertilizers and pesticides, [243-244] , [266-267] ; five-year plans, [228] , [229] , [234] , [235] , [236] , [237] , [240] ; income, [84] ; investment, [211] , [238-239] , [245] ; irrigation, [viii] , [41] , [42] , [44] , [226] , [229-230] , [231] , [300] ; labor, [207] , [225] , [237-238] ; land protection, [227-229] ; land use, [viii] , [45-46] , [227-231] ; livestock and livestock products, [viii] , [225] , [234] , [241] , [242] , [244-247] , [260] ; marketing, [240-241] ; mechanization, [239-240] ; national income, [207] , [241] ; organization, [231-235] ; planning and management, [235-237] , [246] ; private farm plots, [204] , [225] , [231] , [234-235] , [241] , [245] ; production, [viii] , [160] , [225] , [230] , [241-247] ; shortage of skilled workers, [225] , [237] , [244] , [245] , [246] ; Thracian Plain, [45-46] ; trade, [178] , [222] , [225] , [247] ; traditional, [76-77] agroindustrial complexes: [viii] , [5] , [53] , [203] , [205] , [225] , [231-234] ;communications problems, [236-237] ; labor, [viii] , [232] , [237] , [238] , [246] ; land ownership, [234] ; legal and economic aspects, [233-234] ; marketing, [241] ; planning and management, [236] ; types, [232-233] ; voluntary nature, [233] air and air defense forces: [ix] , [7] , [287] , [289] , [290] , [291] , [298] , [299] ; airlines: [ix] , [62-63] Albania: [35] , [172] , [176] , [179] , [180] , [292] ; alcoholism: [190] , [278] , [281-282] Algeria: [257] Andonov, Ivan: [129] Angel, Isaac: [13] architecture: [133-135] armed forces (see also air and air defense forces; army; navy): [7-8] , [287-300] ;cadet programs, [295-296] ; equipment, [288] , [291] , [298] ; logistics, [298] , [300] ; manpower, [292-293] ; medical service, [296-297] ; military justice, [viii] , [297-298] ; military service, [142] , [274] , [275] , [292-293] , [296] ; morale, [287] , [296] ; officers, [8] , [289] , [293] , [298-299] ; officers' training, [275] , [295] ; political indoctrination, [8] , [289] , [294] , [300] ; ranks, uniforms, and decorations, [298-300] ; reserves, [293] ; social benefits, [296] ; Soviet aid, [291] , [298] ; Soviet officers, [179] ; state and party control, [146] , [288-289] ; training, [293-296] , [300] Armenians: [2] , [55] , [65] army: [ix] , [7-8] , [32] , [290-291] ;border troops, [ix] , [7] , [269] , [273] , [289] ; Bulgarian People's Army, [ix] , [273] , [287] , [289] ; Construction Troops, [269] , [273-275] , [293] ; equipment, [290-291] ; Soviet model, [288] , [293] art: [131-133] ; artisans and craftsmen: [72] , [73] , [86-87] , [204] , [211] , [245] , [249] ; artistic and intellectual expression: [21] , [123-135] , [162] ;First Congress on Culture—1967, [155] ; Golden Age, [7] , [12] , [14] , [121] , [126] , [131] , [134] ; government and party control, [7] , [123] , [124-125] , [155] , [187] ; ideological messages, [124] , [128] ; library clubs, [125] ; minority groups, [vii] ; National Revival, [18] , [131-132] , [134] , [135] ; National Theater, [123] , [128] ; prestige, [7] , [123] ; self-censorship, [7] , [125] ; Soviet model, [7] , [124] ; Stalinist period, [124] ; subsidies, [123] , [125] , [127] , [128] ; unions, [7] , [125] , [187] , [276] Asen: [13] Attila the Hun: [54] Australia, relations: [179] Austria, historic: [17] Bagrianov, Ivan: [28] Balkan-Bulgarian Airlines (BALKAN): [ix] , [62-63] Balkan Pact: [26-27] Balkan wars, 1912, 1913: [21] , [22-23] , [288] banks and banking: [viii] , [204] , [215-219] ;Bulgarian Foreign Trade Bank, [viii] , [215] , [216] , [219] ; Bulgarian National Bank, [viii] , [215] , [216] , [219] ; credit, [204] , [216-217] ; state lotteries, [217] ; State Savings Bank, [viii] , [215-216] , [217] Basil II: [13] Battle of Ankara: [17] Battle of Varna: [17] Belgium, relations: [178-179] Black Sea: [viii] ; Black Wind: [44] Blagoev, Dimiter: [30] Bobov Dol: [253-254] , [255] Bokov, Georgi: [186] border troops: [ix] , [7] , [269] , [273] , [289] Boris I: [11] , [66] Boris III: [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [30] Botev: [196] Botev, Khristo: [126] boundaries: [2] , [48-50] ;Congress (Treaty) of Berlin—1878, [2] , [22] ; Greece, [49-50] , [273] ; post-World War I, [25] , [49] ; post-World War II, [29] , [49] ; Romania, [49] , [50] , [273] ; Treaty of San Stefano—1878, [2] , [20] , [22] ; Turkey, [49] , [50] , [273] ; Yugoslavia, [49] , [273] Boyana Church: [131] Bozhinov, Alexander: [132] Brezhnev, Leonid: [3] , [156] , [162] budget: [213-215] Bulgars: [vii] , [2] Bulgaranov, Boyan: [161] Bulgarian Academy of Sciences: [245] Bulgarian Agrarian Union: [21] , [25] , [26] , [30] , [31] , [141] , [150] , [153] , [163-164] , [165] , [191] ; Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) (see also Politburo; State Council; Tenth Congress): [3] , [25] , [141] , [157-163] ;Central Committee, [vii] , [3] , [4] , [153] , [157-158] , [160] , [191] ; democratic centralism, [157] , [166] ; first secretary, [vii] , [4] , [140] , [143] , [158] , [160] ; growth of, [30-36] , [158-159] ; membership, [158-160] , [276] ; New Course, [34] ; news organization, [192] ; nomination of candidates, [150-151] ; organization, [157-158] , [284] ; Party Congresses, [3] , [155] , [157] , [159] , [160-163] ; party uprising—1923, [25-26] , [30] ; pre-World War II, [25] , [26] ; purges, [32] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [159] , [161] ; Secretariat, [vii] , [3] , [4] , [153] , [157] , [158] , [162-163] ; Soviet leadership, [156] , [157] , [160] , [171] ; structure, [3] , [137] ; supremacy over all aspects of Bulgarian life, [156] , [184] , [276-277] ; women members, [160] , [168] Bulgarian Hunting and Fishing Union: [277] Bulgarian National Library: [187] , [199] Bulgarian Red Cross: [167] , [277] Bulgarian Telegraph Agency: [186-187] Bulgarian Union for Physical Culture and Sports: [277] Bulgarian Union of Tourists: [277] Bulgarians abroad: [55] , [272] Bulgars: [9] , [10] , [11] , [52] Burgas: [47] , [54] , [57] , [62] , [199] , [227] , [250] , [254] , [255] Byzantine Empire: [9] , [10-11] , [12-17] passim Canada, relations: [178] Carpathian Mountains: [38] caves: [40] , [47] Central Leninist Party School: [121] Chelopets: [259] Chervenkov, Vulko: [3] , [34] , [35] , [113] , [115] , [153] , [159] , [160] , [161] , [186] China, People's Republic of: [35] , [160-161] , [189] citizenship: [272] civil defense: [167] , [275-276] civil rights: [142] , [186] , [283] , [285-286] climate: [vii] , [37] , [42-44] , [226] Committee for Science, Art, and Culture: [106] Committee of Bulgarian Women: [168-169] Committee of State Security: [36] , [271] Committee on Art and Culture: [125] , [140] , [155] , [198] , [199] communications. See mass communications Communist Party. See Bulgarian Communist Party Congress of Berlin: [2] , [22] Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON): [vii] , [171] , [176] , [179-180] , [240] ; Council of Ministers: [vii] , [4] , [106] , [137] , [138] , [141] , [142] , [144] , [145-147] , [218-219] , [220] ;administration of ministries, [viii] , [5] ; agricultural programs, [228] , [238] ; Department of Motion Pictures, [201] ; establishment, [139] ; functions, [5] , [140] , [145-147] , [173] , [174] , [204] , [205] , [216] , [235-236] , [250] , [261] , [274] ; legislative initiative, [32] , [140] , [141] ; organization (chart), [146] ; police power, [146] Couve de Murville, Maurice: [178] crime: [190] , [269-270] , [273] , [279-282] ;criminal code, [282-283] ; death penalty, [283] , [298] ; economic, [281] ; juvenile, [280] , [294] ; military, [297-298] ; penalties, [280] , [283] ; political, [142] , [269] , [270] , [274] , [280-281] , [283] Crusades: [13] Cuba: [117] , [180] , [222] currency: [viii] , [14] , [219-220] ; Cyril: [11] , [126] Czechoslovakia: [106] , [172] ; dams: [42] Danube River: [viii] , [41] , [44] , [54] , [61-62] , [227] ; Danubian plateau: [38] , [39] , [41] , [43] , [226-227] ; Dimitrov, Georgi: [2-3] , [25] , [32] , [34] , [121] , [165] , [172] Dimitrov, Vladimir: [132] Dimitrov Communist Youth Union (Komsomol): [155] , [166-168] , [169] , [185] , [277-278] ; Dimitrovgrad: [55] Dimov, Dimitur: [127] divorce: [70] , [190] Dobrudzha: [15] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [40] , [43] , [50] , [226] Dolni Dubnik: [254] Dospevaki, Vladislav: [132] Dragoman Pass: [59] Dragoycheva, Tsola: [161] drainage: [38] , [41-42] Dzhurov, Dobri: [289] Economic Commission for Europe: [181] automation, [203-204] , [236-237] , [249] ; BKP policies, [215] , [250] ; Bulgaria's Great Leap Forward, [160-161] ; decentralized management, [156] , [205] , [250] ; five-year plans, [viii] , [154] , [157] , [160] , [250] , [254] , [255] ; investment, [210-213] , [260-261] ; national income, [204] , [206-207] , [210] , [300] ; New Economic Model, [156] ; organization, [204-206] ; Soviet aid, [viii] , [156] , [175] , [203] , [212] , [223] ; State Planning Committee, [5] ; trusts, [205-206] , [220-221] , [233] , [251] ; Twenty-Year Plan of Economic Development, [161] ; World War I, [24] ; World War II, [28] economy: [viii] , [5] , [203-223] ;abroad, [96] , [97] , [116-117] ; administration, [96] , [106-107] ; adult, [97] , [120] , [121] ; boarding schools, [120] ; Center for Amateur Scientific and Technical Activities among Youth and Children, [279] ; Communist policies, [97-99] , [113] , [115] ; ethnic minorities, [96] , [99] , [102] ; financing, [107-108] ; foreign student exchange, [94] , [116-117] ; graduate, [116] ; higher (see also students of worker or peasant origin, preference, infra ), [6-7] , [21] , [94-95] , [97] , [98] , [100-101] , [104] , [105] , [111] , [113-118] ; history, [21] , [95-97] ; ideological indoctrination, [viii] , [6] , [97-99] , [100] , [115] , [121] , [159] , [169] , [284] , [285] ; literacy, [21] , [93] , [95-96] , [97] , [98] , [106] , [120] , [169] ; of prisoners, [284] ; polytechnic schools, [103] , [104] , [105] , [110-111] , [112] ; private schools, [120-121] ; reforms, [6-7] , [96] , [99-105] , [109] , [110] , [159] , [162] ; religious, [94] , [95] , [96] , [98-99] , [100] , [121] ; scholarships, [102] , [117] ; science and technology, emphasis on, [viii] , [58] , [93] , [94] , [117-118] , [167] , [237] , [263] ; Soviet pattern, [93] , [98] , [100] , [102] , [115] , [118] , [119] ; special, [113] , [119-120] ; state control, [76] , [97-99] , [100] , [113] , [120] ; students of worker or peasant origin, preference, [6] , [73] , [74] , [76] , [93-94] , [99] , [162] ; teacher training, [101] , [102] , [103] , [115] , [118-119] ; Teachers Union, [277] ; technical and vocational schools, [96-97] , [99] , [100] , [101-102] , [104] , [110] , [111] , [112-113] , [116] , [121] , [284] ; Turkish period, [16] ; work concept, [98] , [101-102] , [103] , [109] education: [viii] , [6-7] , [21] , [93-122] ; elections: [3-4] , [149-151] ; electric power: [255-257] , [266] ; Elin Pelin Bulgarian Bibliographical Institute: [199] Eliseyna: [259] Armenians, [2] , [55] , [65] ; Bulgar, [vii] , [2] ; Greek, [vii] , [2] , [55] , [58] , [65] , [106] ; Jews, [2] , [28] , [34] , [55] , [58] , [67] , [106] ; Macedonians, [vii] , [55] , [58] , [65] , [66] ; minority languages, [vii] , [97] ; Romanians, [vii] , [2] , [55] , [58] , [65] ; Turks, [vii] , [2] , [55] , [65-66] , [106] , [177] ethnic groups: European Conference for Security and Cooperation: [176] family: [65] , [67-71] ; Father Paisi: [18] , [95] , [126] BKP use of, [7] , [166] , [276] ; Izgrev , official organization, [191] ;National Council (Committee), [31] , [137] , [150] , [164] ; State Council, relationship, [164] ; World War II, [1] , [29] , [31-32] Fatherland Front: [7] , [33] , [77] , [100] , [137-138] , [139] , [141] , [165-166] , [277] ; Ferdinand, King: [22] , [24] , [25] films: [viii] , [91] , [129] , [184] , [187] , [200-202] ; finance (see also budget): [viii] , [21] folk arts: [126] ,130-131 folk songs: [18] forced labor camps: [273] Chervenkov, [34] ; Communist countries, [175-176] ; conduct of, [173-175] ; historical factors, [172-173] ; irredentism, [1] , [2] , [9] , [10] , [13] , [20] , [21-22] , [23] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [176] ; military relations (see also Warsaw Treaty Organization), [292] ; noncommunist states, [175] , [176-179] ; Soviet model, [35] , [171] , [172] , [173] , [178] ; Western Europe, [155] , [178-179] , [190] foreign policy: [155] , [171-181] ; foreigners, laws governing stay of: [272-273] France: [178] , [222] freedom of information: [186-187] French Revolution: [18] Gabrovo: [253] Genkov, Genko: [133] Genov, Todor: [127] geography: [v] , [vii] , [xiv] , [2] , [137] Georgiev, Iliya: [185] Georgiev, Kimon: [26] , [29] , [32] German Democratic Republic: [117] , [172] , [175] , [222] Germany (see also World War I; World War II): [9] , [27] Germany, Federal Republic of: [178] , [222] Ghiaurov, Nikolai: [129] Goths: [10] BKP control, [137] , [143] , [149] , [153] ; central, [142-147] ; Dimitrov constitution, 1947, [1] , [32-33] , [97-98] , [100-101] , [106] , [139-140] , [143] , [168] , [186] ; Fatherland Front coalition—1944-1947, [1] , [2] , [31-32] , [139] , [158] , [163] , [165] , [172] ; interwar years, [25-27] ; local, see local government; 1971 constitution, [137-138] , [140-142] , [145] , [149] , [156] , [162] , [163-164] , [168] , [173] , [186] ; Soviet model, [137] , [140] ; structure (chart), [144] ; Turkish rule, [16] ; Turnovo Constitution—1879, [21] , [32] , [138-139] ; unity of rule, [35] , [138] , [140] , [141-142] , [148] , [149] , [153] , [157] government (see also Bulgarian Communist Party; Chervenkov; Council of Ministers; Dimitrov, Georgi; National Assembly; State Council; Zhivkov): [vii] , [3-5] , [137-151] ; Greece: [26-27] , [35] , [177] , [290] , [296] ; Greeks: [vii] , [2] , [55] , [58] , [65] , [106] Grigorov, Mitko: [161] Gypsies: [55] , [66] , [106] health: [79-83] ;Balkan wars—1912 and 1913, [21] , [22-23] , [288] ; Byzantine Empire, [9] , [10] , [11] , [12-14] , [17] ; early, [9-15] ; early migrations, [10] ; feudalism, [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [16] ; First and Second Bulgarian Kingdoms, [1] , [9] , [10] , [11-15] ; Golden Age, [7] , [12] , [121] , [126] , [131] , [134] ; independence, [21] ; interwar years, [25-27] ; monarchy abolished in 1946, [32] ; postliberation, [20-21] ; Slavs, [2] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [52] history (see also Turkish rule): [9-36] ; Holy Roman Empire: [14] housekeeping: [70] , [91] housing: [85] , [87-89] , [211] ; Hungary: [28] , [172] , [175] ; Huns: [10] , [11] hydroelectricity: [41] , [42] , [252] , [255] ;civil defense teams, [276] ; economic crime, [281] ; forced labor camps, [273] ; growth, [6] , [21] , [34] , [264] ; investment, [211] , [253] , [260-261] ; labor, see labor; organization, [249-252] ; production, [263] , [264-265] ; programs for improvement, [viii] , [5] , [154] , [160] , [249] , [250] , [264] ; quality, [264-265] ; raw materials, [175] , [252] , [257-260] ; raw materials, fuels and power shortages, [203] , [249] , [252] , [257] , [259] , [260] , [261] ; Soviet aid, [6] , [175] , [223] , [249] , [254] , [255] , [260] ; State Inspectorate for Industrial Power and Power Control, [256] ; state ownership, [viii] , [3] , [32-33] , [69] , [249] ; supply system, [251-252] ; textile, [208] , [264] , [267] ; trusts, [5-6] , [203] , [213] , [249] , [250] , [251] industry: [viii] , [3] , [5] , [24] , [161] , [222-223] , [249-261] ; Institute for the Improvement of Teachers: [118-119] Institute for Political Instruction: [121] international organizations: [vii] irredentism: [1] , [2] , [9] , [10] , [13] , [20] , [21-22] , [23] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [176] Iskur River: [41] , [42] , [49] Italy: [9] , [27] , [28] , [179] , [222] Ivan Asen II: [14] Ivan Vazov State Library: [199] Jews: [2] , [28] , [34] , [55] , [58] , [67] , [106] ;Chief Prosecutor, [138] , [141] , [144] , [148-149] ; district courts, [148] ; military courts, [viii] , [148] , [297-298] ; party control, [149] ; penal institutions, [7] , [269] , [284-286] ; special courts, [viii] ; Supreme Court, [viii] , [141] , [144] , [148] , [149] , [297] Johnson, Lyndon B.: [177] judicial system: [viii] , [7] , [138] , [144] , [148-149] , [269] , [283-284] ; Kalarov, Vasil: [25] , [32] Kaloyan: [14] Kamchiya River: [46] Karavelov, Lyuben: [126] Khristov, Boris: [129] Khrushchev, Nikita: [3] , [34] , [35] , [102-103] , [161] , [173] , [192] Komsomol. See Dimitrov Communist Youth Union Kostov, Traicho: [34] , [35] Koulekov, Pencho: [133] Kozloduy: [255] Kremikovtsi: [257] Krumovo: [257] agricultural, [viii] , [207] , [225] , [232] , [237-238] , [246] ; BKP membership, [159] ; Construction Troops, [269] , [273-275] ; employment, [207] , [264] ; Labor Army, [274] ; lack of incentive, [204] ; preferential treatment of workers, [6] , [73] , [74] , [76] , [93-94] , [99] , [162] ; shortage of skilled workers, [viii] , [203] , [207-208] , [225] , [237] , [244] , [245] , [246] , [256] , [263] , [300] ; sickness and disability benefits, [89-90] ; wages, [84] , [208-210] , [237-238] , [262-263] ; workweek, [91] Kurdzhali: [259] Kyustendil: [196] labor: [viii] , [58] , [207-210] , [252] , [261] , [262-264] , [300] ; language: [vii] , [97] , [102] ;Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee, [19] ; Congress (Treaty) of Berlin, [2] , [22] ; growth of nationalism, [17-20] ; Internal Secret Revolutionary Organization, [19] ; "moderates"-"radicals", [19] ; revolution of 1876, [19-20] , [288] ; Russian role in, [1] , [19] , [20] , [172] ; Treaty of San Stefano, 1878, [2] , [20] , [22] ; Turnovo Constitution, [21] , [32] , [138-139] Lasarov, Ivan: [133] Cyril and Methodius Library, [187] Levski, Vasil: [19] historic, [12] , [14] , [15] ; periodicals, [126] , [128] ; Slav-Bulgarian History , [18] , [95] , [126] ;writers' revolt, [127-128] ; Writers' Union, [125] liberation, 1878: [1-2] , [19-21] , [52] , [287] , [288] ;Commission on the Living Standard, [84] , [205] ; consumer goods, shortage, [83] , [84] , [86] ; cost of living, [83-84] , [85] ; leisure, [91] ; rural, [53] , [88] ; special plenum on, [viii] , [83-84] , [87] , [203] , [205] , [209-210] ; workers and peasants, [84] , [85] libraries: [183-184] , [199-200] ;budget, [213] ; cities and towns (rayoni ), [50] , [147] , [271] ; civil defense, [276] ; districts (okruzi ), [vii] , [50] , [52] , [107] , [144] , [147] , [159] , [236] ; elections, [149] ; legal departments, [284] ; police, [148] , [271] ; townships (obshtini ), [vii] , [50] , [52] , [147] , [271] literature: [125-128] , [187] ; living conditions (see also health; housing): [79-91] , [300] ; local government: [vii] , [50-52] , [137] , [138] , [140] , [141] , [147-148] ;historic, [9] , [12] , [14] , [15] , [17] , [20-23] , [29] ; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), [22] , [25] , [26] ; People's Republic of, [66] Lovech: [254] Lulchev, Kosta: [32] , [33] Macedonia: Bulgarian territorial claims, [1] , [9] , [13-14] , [21-23] , [24] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [49] , [176] ; Macedonians: [vii] , [55] , [58] , [65] , [66] Macedonian terrorism: [23] , [25] , [26] Madan: [55] , [259] Magyars: [12] , [13] Manov, Emil: [128] Maritsa-Iztok coalfield: [253] administration, [187-188] ; local groups, [185] ; objectives, [183] , [184-185] ; party control, [183] , [186] ; pro-Soviet themes, [183] , [188] , [189] , [191] ; public opinion, [184] ; relative popularity, [185] ; state ownership and regulation, [viii] , [183] ; themes, [183] , [188-189] , [191] Maritsa River: [40] , [42] , [45] , [49] , [55] , [59] , [60] , [226] , [227] , [255] BKP control through, [7] , [153] , [164] , [165] , [166] ; civil defense, [276] ; ideological training, [169] ; memberships, importance, [76] ; public order role, [ix] , [276] ; social pressure by, [269] ; sources of popular opinion, [7] ; trade unions, [89] , [166] , [185] , [193] , [276] , [277] ; youth groups, [8] , [76] , [167-168] , [277-279] Marxism-Leninism (see also ideological indoctrination under education): [141] , [167] , [175] mass communications (see also films; press; publishing; radio and television): [viii] , [183-202] ; mass organizations (see also Dimitrov Communist Youth Group; Fatherland Front): [7] , [65] , [76] , [77] , [164-169] ; merchant marine: [62] Mesta River: [42] , [49] , [226] Methodius: [11] , [126] Mihailov, Ivan: [161] Milev, Ivan: [132] Chemical Industry and Power Generation, [204] ; Culture, [106] , [195] ; Education, [106] ; Finance, [viii] , [89] , [204] , [213] , [219] , [221] ; Foreign Affairs, [173-174] ; Foreign Trade, [viii] , [173-175] , [204] , [219] , [221] ; Information and Communications, [187] ; Interior, [32] , [35] , [154] ; Internal Affairs, [ix] , [7] , [148] , [167] , [269] , [271] , [273] , [284] ; Justice, [viii] , [7] , [32] , [283-284] , [285] ; National Defense, [ix] , [7] , [8] , [167] , [193] , [273] , [275] , [287] , [288] , [289-290] , [294] ; National Education, [106-107] , [116] , [167] , [198] , [208] , [263] ; Public Education, [96] ; Public Health, [80] ; Supply and State Reserves, [251-252] ; Transport, [63] mineral resources: [37] , [47-48] , [252-257] mineral waters: [48] Ministry of: Agriculture (and Food Industry), [193] , [205] , [228] , [233] , [235] , [236] , [240] ; Montenegro: [22] , [28] motor vehicles: [59] Murad I: [15] elections, [139] , [147] , [149] , [150] ; establishment, [139] ; functions, [4] , [5] , [32] , [139-140] , [145] , [147] , [148] , [149] , [173] , [213-214] ; presidium, [139] , [141] , [143] Murkvichka, Ivan: [132] music: [129-130] National Assembly. (See also State Council): [vii] , [4] , [137] , [138] , [142] , [144] , [147] ; National Liberation Army: [31] National School of Choreography: [113] national security (see also armed forces; border troops; civil defense; police): [ix] , [154] , [269-286] ; nationalism: [189] ; naval base (Varna): [54] navy: [ix] , [7] , [287] , [289] , [291] , [295] , [298] , [299] Nedkova, Maria: [133] Nicephorus: [11] North Atlantic Treaty Organization: [290] opera: [123] , [129-130] Otechestven Front : [191] , [192-193] Ottoman Turks (see also Turkish rule): [15-16] Panagyurishte: [259] Partisan Song : [132] Pavlov, Todor: [161] , [187] Pavlovich, Nikola: [132] Peasant Union Party: [32] peasants (see also Bulgarian Agrarian Union): [6] , [67] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] ; Pelin, Elin: [127] penal institutions: [7] , [269] , [284-286] pensions: [89] , [90] Pernik coalfields: [253] , [254] Peter, rebellion against Byzantine Empire: [13] Petkov, Nikolai: [32] Petrov, Ilia: [132] Philip of Macedon: [10] , [54] Pioneers (Young Septembrists): [167-168] Pirdop: [259] Pirin range: [40] , [42] , [46] , [57] , [227] Pleven oil refinery: [254-255] Pliska: [11] Plovdiv: [45] , [54] , [226] , [250] , [255] , [259] ; Poland: [172] , [175] police: [ix] , [7] , [269] ; Politburo: [vii] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [143] , [153] , [157] , [158] , [160] , [161] , [187] ;by age and sex, [55] , [56] ; exchanges, [57-58] ; growth rate, [vii] , [57] ; minorities, percent, [37] , [55] , [65] ; rural, [56] , [57] Pomaks: [16] , [55] , [67] Popov, Lyuben: [194] population (see also ethnic groups): [vii] , [37] , [55-58] ;BTA, [187] , [188] , [189] ; circulation, [193] ; foreign language, [188] ; party control, [186-187] , [190-191] , [192] ; periodicals, [193] ; provincial, [192] , [193] ; public attitude, [185] ; Sofia Press Agency, [187-188] ; Soviet pattern, [191-192] ; Union of Bulgarian Journalists, [186] , [191] ports: Black Sea (see also Burgas; Varna): [54] , [62] Law on Citizens' Property, [142] Preslav: [12] press: [183] , [184] , [190-193] ; private ownership: [33] , [140] , [142] , [204] ; propaganda: [183] , [184] , [185] , [187] , [190] , [191] , [194] ;color TV, [183] , [196] ; foreign language, [195] , [196] ; Intervision, [196] ; party control and use, [187] , [194] , [195] ; popularity, [185] ; programming, [195] , [196] ; radio relay ties, [195] ; TV subscribers, [196] publishing: [viii] , [183] , [187] , [197-199] ; Rabotnichesko Delo : [191] , [192] radio and television: [125] , [183] , [184] , [193-196] , [267] ;Bulgarian Orthodox Church, [15] , [19] , [33] , [66] , [95] , [98] , [99] , [121] ; Christianity, early, [12] , [13] , [14] ; church schools, [94] , [95] , [96] , [99] , [100] , [121] ; Committee for Religious Affairs, [33] ; freedom of, [vii] , [66-67] , [142] ; government control, [67] ; Greek (Eastern) Orthodox Church, [12] , [16] , [95] ; Jews, [vii] , [34] , [67] ; Moslem, [vii] , [16] , [33] , [67] ; Protestants, [vii] , [33-34] , [67] ; religious art, [131] ; Roman Catholics, [vii] , [14] , [33] , [67] ; Russian Orthodox Church, [33] ; Turkish era, [16] , [66] railroads: [viii] , [59-61] ; rainfall: [43-44] , [226] Rakovsky, Georgi: [19] religion: [vii] , [33] , [65] , [66-67] , [189] ; Rila Monastery: [134] Rila mountains: [40] , [41] , [42] , [46] , [57] , [226] , [227] ; Rilska River: [42] roads: [61] Rodopi (Rhodope) Mountains: [25] , [39-40] passim , [55] , [226] , [227] ; Romania: [26-27] , [35] , [172] , [175] , [176] , [256] , [287] ; Romanians: [vii] , [2] , [55] , [58] , [65] Romans: [9-10] , [11] , [12] , [54] Rositsa River: [42] Rumili (Rumelia): [16] , [20] Ruse: [54] , [115] , [199] , [232] , [250] ; Russia: [9] , [17] , [19] , [22] , [106] , [172] ; Saint Sophia church: [54] Saint Theodor of Plateina: [131] Sakar mountains: [40] Samuel, King: [13] Scientific and Technical Union: [277] sculpture: [133] Serbia: [12] , [15] , [17] , [22] , [23] , [28] settlement patterns: [52-55] shipbuilding: [62] Shumen: [199] Simeon, regency for: [28] size: [vii] , [37] Slaveikov, Pencho: [127] Slaveikov, Petko: [126] Slavs: [2] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [52] Sliven: [253] Slunchev Bryag: [196] BKP membership, [6] , [75] ; Communists, effect of, [65] , [69] , [73-77] ; feudal, [11] ; party elite, [6] , [73-74] , [75] ; peasants (see also peasants), [6] , [71] ,72, [74] ; rural-urban differences, [71-73] ; social mobility, [6] , [7] , [75-76] ; traditional, [6] , [65] , [72-73] , [76-77] ; urban intelligentsia, [72] , [73] smuggling: [273] Smyrnenski, Khristo: [127] Academy of Fine Arts, [132] ; administrative district, [50] ; Bulgarian National Library, [199] ; climate, [44] , [53] ; education in, [107] , [115] , [117] ; Higher Institute of Construction and Engineering, [275] ; hot springs, [48] , [53-54] ; industry, [259] ; libraries, [199] ; media administrative center, [187] ; mineral resources, [47] , [48] ; Radio Sofia, [195] ; television, [196] ; theaters, [128] , [129] ; transportation, [ix] , [59] , [60] , [63] ; Turkish period, [16] , [17] ; University of, [96] , [97] , [113] , [135] ; World War II, [28] , [29] social benefits: [89-91] , [142] Social Democratic Party: [21] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [159] , [191] social system: [6] , [65-77] ;Bulgarian timber workers, [260] , [263] ; electricity imports from, [256] ; influence, [3] , [9] , [10] , [29-30] , [155] ; relations, [153-154] , [156] , [162] , [171] , [172] , [175] , [296] ; trade, [viii] , [175] , [180] , [222] , [244] , [257] ; World War II, [27] , [28-29] , [30-31] , [288] Socialist patriotism: [189] Sofia: [40] , [53-54] , [250] ; Sofia Basin: [38] , [41] , [227] soils: [44-45] , [226-227] Soviet Union: Bulgarian students, [116] ; sports: [91] Sredna Gora: [38] , [42] , [45] , [259] Stalin, Joseph: [3] , [34] , [159] , [172-173] , [191-192] , [270] BKP membership, [143] ; establishment, [156] , [162] ; executive council of Council of Ministers, [145] , [174] ; Fatherland Front, relationship, [164] ; functions, [4-5] , [143-145] , [149] , [173] , [174] ; legislative initiative, [138] , [141] , [144] ; president, [143] Stambolisky, Alexander: [25] , [163] Stara Planina: [38-46] passim , [226] , [227] ; Stara Zagora: [194] , [199] , [255] State Committee for Education and Technical Progress: [116] , [140] State Council: [vii] , [137] , [147] ; Strandzha mountains: [40] , [47] , [227] , [257] Strategic Arms Limitation Talks: [181] Struma River: [42] , [49] , [226] , [227] , [253] suffrage: [21] , [138] , [139] , [149] Suleiman the Magnificent: [17] Svishtov: [97] , [115] Tarabanov, Milko: [180] Tatars: [15] , [17] taxes: [84] , [214] Tenth Party Congress: [140-141] , [154] , [156] , [157] , [161-163] , [211] , [212] ; theater: [123] , [125] , [128-129] Thrace: [10] , [14] , [15] , [20] , [29] ; Thracian Plain: [38-45] passim , [226] , [227] laws on stay of foreigners, [272-273] ; official currency exchange rate, [219] ; special problems, [282] ; television programs, [196] timber: [260] , [266] Arab countries, [179] , [222] ; balance of trade, [223] ; foreign trade organizations, [220] , [221] ; historic, [14] , [17] , [18] , [27] ; imports of minerals, [253] , [254] , [257] , [258] , [260] ; incentives and subsidies, [220-221] ; Soviet Union, [viii] , [175] , [180] , [222] , [244] , [257] ; state monopoly, [viii] , [220] ; U.S., [177-178] Timok River: [49] airways, [ix] , [62-63] ; Berlin-to-Baghdad route, [59] ; cargo, [viii] , [59] , [61-62] ; merchant marine, [59] ; passenger, [viii] , [61] ; railroads, [viii] , [59-61] ; roads, [viii] , [61] ; waterways, [viii] , [61-62] Todorov, Stanko: [143] , [161] topography: [vii] , [37-41] tourism: [133] , [134] ; trade (see also Council for Mutual Economic Assistance): [27] , [179] , [207] , [220-223] , [259] ; transportation: [viii] , [59-63] , [86] ; Traykov, Georgi: [164] Balkan Wars, [22] ; radio relay lines with Bulgaria, [195] Treaty of San Stefano: [2] , [20] , [22] administration, [16] ; culture, [15] , [17] , [123] , [126] , [130] , [131] , [134] ; education, [16] , [93] ; reforms, [18-19] ; religion, [16] , [66] ; rise of nationalism, [17-20] Tsar Ivailo: [14] Tsar Simeon: [12] Balkantourist Hotel, [134] Tundzha River: [42] , [45] , [227] Turkey (see also Turkish rule; Turks): [26-27] , [177] , [290] , [296] ; Turkish rule (see also liberation): [9] , [13] , [15-20] , [52] ; Turks: [vii] , [2] , [55] , [65-66] , [106] , [177] ; Turnovo: [15] , [199] ; Tyulenovo: [254] Union of Working Youth: [277] United Nations: Committee on Disarmament, [181] , [292] ; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development: [181] United States relations: [34] , [35] , [177-178] , [222] urban development: [53] Ustashi: [26] Valley of Roses: [38] , [45] Vaptsarov, Nikola: [127] Varna: [54] , [57] , [62] , [199] , [250] ; Vazov, Ivan: [126-127] vegetation: [45-46] Velev, Angel: [150] Veliko Turnovo: [54] Velsko: [199] Vidin Kingdom: [15] Vietnam, North: [117] , [222] Visigoths and Ostrogoths: [10] Vitosha mountains: [40] Vladigerov, Pancho: [130] Vratsa: [254] alcoholism, [281] ; BKP membership, [160] ; Committee of Bulgarian Women, [168-169] ; labor, [237] , [262] ; maternity leave, [90] ; penal institutions, [285] ; rights of, [142] , [168] ; traditional role, [68] Vucha River: [42] Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact): [vii] , [7] , [171] , [175] , [179] , [287] , [290] , [292] , [293-294] , [298] Western influence: [18] , [34] , [176] , [185] , [294] declaration of war against Germany, [29] ; effect, [29-30] ; partisans, [30-31] , [132] , [277] , [287] ; relations with Soviet Union, [27] , [30-31] , [288] ; Soviet occupation, [28-29] , [31] wildlife: [47] films on, [202] ; ideological training, [viii] , [6] , [97-99] , [100] , [115] , [121] , [159] , [169] , [284] , [285] ; labor, [237] ; news organization, [193] ; nihilist attitude, [155-156] , [167] , [278-279] , [295] ; sources of information, [185] women: [69-70] ; Workers Party: [30] World War I: [23-25] World War II: [1] , [9] , [10] , [23-25] , [288] ; youth: crime, [280] , [285] , [294] ; youth organizations (see also Dimitrov Communist Youth Union): [8] , [76] , [167-168] , [277-279] agricultural policy, [230] , [231-232] , [233] ; attempted coup against in 1965, [35-36] , [153] , [154] , [156] , [271] ; Committee of Bulgarian Women, [168-169] ; cultural policy, [124] , [132] ; economic reforms, [160] , [206] ; foreign policy, [35] , [178] ; head-of-state, [4-5] , [143] , [153] , [158] , [160] , [161] ; loyalty to Soviet Union, [1] , [35] , [153] , [156] , [171] , [173] , [175] ; media restrictions, [186] ; on education, [98] , [103] , [104] ; on Politburo membership, [162-163] ; pension system, criticism of, [90] ; reforms, [83] , [154-155] ; Tenth Party Congress, [162] ; wage system reform, [208-209] ; "Youth Theses", [155] , [167] Yovkov, Yordan: [127] Yugoslavia: [26] , [35] , [172] , [256] ; Yugov, Anton: [35] , [161] Zakhariev, Vasil: [133] Zemen Monastery: [131] Zhivkov, Todor: [1] , [3] , [35-36] ; Zlatni Pyassutsi (Golden Sands): [55] Zveno (link) group: [26] , [32]