SCHEME 2
For Feeding Well Babies
Scheme based on Dr. Richard M. Smith’s “The Baby’s First Two Years.”
A full-term baby will usually take a formula made as follows:
| Cream | 2 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 2 ounces |
| Boiled water | 12 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 6 level tsp. |
After 3d day increase cream and milk at the rate of 1 ounce each week, and sugar 1 tsp. every other day until at one month the baby will be receiving a formula such as—
| Cream | 5 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 5 ounces |
| Boiled water | 22 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 3½ level tbs. |
| Cream | 6 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 6 ounces |
| Boiled water | 20 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 4 level tbs. |
From this point the formula may be increased by adding 2 ounces of skimmed milk each month until the baby is eight months old. For each ounce of milk added, an equal amount of water should be omitted. The sugar in the formula should be reduced one half tbs. every three months.
At six months the baby would be taking—
| Cream | 6 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 14 ounces |
| Boiled water | 12 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 3½ level tbs. |
At eight months—
| Cream | 6 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 18 ounces |
| Boiled water | 8 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 3 level tbs. |
This amount will not be found sufficient in quantity for a twenty-four-hour mixture for children of this age. Increasing the amount of the last formula in the same proportion, it will be—
| Cream | 9 ounces |
| Skimmed milk | 27 ounces |
| Boiled water | 12 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 4½ level tbs. |
At this age the formula usually may be changed so as to be made from whole milk instead of cream and skimmed milk. The formula may be made as follows:
| Whole milk | 36 ounces |
| Boiled water | 12 ounces |
| Sugar of milk | 4½ level tbs. |
From this point on the formula may be increased by replacing the boiled water with whole milk, two ounces each month up to thirteen months. At this age the boiled water may be omitted from the formula one ounce each week. Beginning at the age of eight months the sugar may be eliminated from the formula, one tablespoonful each month.
Barley Water.—At the age of five months, or at any time thereafter, barley water may be substituted for boiled water in the formula. This should be substituted when the baby is not gaining in weight. It may be substituted in many instances when the movements are not well digested.
Lime Water.—It is frequently found to be advisable to add lime water. It is not necessary in every instance, but should be given if the baby is inclined to spit up, or in cases where the stools are too frequent in number and are slightly green in color.
Determining the Fuel Value of a Formula.—The computation of the fuel value of a formula is very essential since the growth and development of the infant depends largely upon whether or not its energy expenditures are well covered. The method is simple, requiring the same methods used in the computing of other dietaries. Take the formula just calculated, its fuel value would be estimated as follows: Thirty-two ounces are equal to 960 grams. In each 100 grams there would be 3 grams of fat, 2 grams of protein and 6 grains of sugar. Hence in 9.6 one-hundred-calorie portions there would be 9.6 × 3—28.8 grams of fat, 9.6 × 2—19.2 grams of protein, and 9.6 × 6—57.6 grams of sugar, in a thirty-two-ounce mixture.
To determine the fuel value of the formula, these results must be multiplied by their physiological fuel factors, 9 and 4 and 4 respectively. Thus:
| 29 × 9 | = | 261 | calories from fat |
| 19 × 4 | = | 76 | calories from protein |
| 58 × 4 | = | 232 | calories from sugar, or a total of |
| 569 | calories for the entire mixture. |
Scheme for Adding Solids to Infants’ Diet.—
From 9th to 15th month:
From 15 months to 2½ years:
| 8 A.M.— | Stewed fruit or orange juice; cereal, crisp bacon, alternated with soft-cooked or poached egg; bread and butter or toast, milk or weak cocoa. |
| 12 or 1 P.M.— | Meat or vegetable soup thickened with cereal; lamb chop, scraped beef or chicken or beef juice; baked or mashed potato; strained spinach; carrots; turnips or celery; gelatin, custard, or cornstarch pudding. |
| 3 P.M.— | Crackers and milk. |
| 6 or 7 P.M.— | Bread and milk or cereal; baked apple or apple sauce. |
From 3 to 6 years:
| 8 A.M.— | Stewed fruit or orange; cereal; bacon or egg (soft-cooked or poached); bread and butter; milk or cocoa. |
| 12 or 1 P.M.— | Soup; lamb chop, scraped beef, chicken, or roast meats; potato; all vegetables; celery, lettuce; light desserts: custards, gelatin, lady fingers. |
| 3 P.M.— | Milk; fruit and crackers. |
| 6 P.M.— | Milk or cocoa; stewed fruit; bread and butter; cereals; eggs. |
Vegetable Soup
| ¼ lb. beef, lamb or chicken | 1 tablespoonful pearl barley |
| 1 potato | 2 tablespoonfuls rice |
| 1 carrot | 2 qts. water |
| 2 stalks celery | 1 pinch salt |
Finely divide the vegetables. Add the vegetables, barley and rice to 2 qts. of water. Boil down to 1 qt., cooking 3 hours. Add pinch of salt. Pass through fine sieve.
Morse and Talbot advise baked potato, plain boiled macaroni, rice and wheat germ, bread and butter, baked custard, plain blanc-mange, and plain boiled tapioca to be given when the child is 1½ years old. When the child is nearly two years old they add meat in the most digestible forms, such as the white meat of chicken, lamb or mutton chops, and scraped beef.
The following dietary is suggested for a child two years old:[78]
“Whole milk, butter, mutton broth, chicken broth, beef juice, soft-cooked eggs, dropped eggs, white meat of chicken, lamb or mutton chops, scraped beef, French bread, stale bread, toasted bread, whole wheat bread, milk toast, zwieback, plain white crackers, plain Educator crackers, barley, jelly, oatmeal, cream of wheat, wheat germ, Ralston’s Farina, rice, baked potato, plain boiled macaroni, orange juice, baked apples, stewed prune pulp and juice, junket, baked custard, cornstarch pudding, plain blanc-mange, plain tapioca. It is not advisable, as a rule, to begin green vegetables until the baby is 2½ years old.”
It will be seen in the foregoing dietaries how authorities differ in their beliefs as to the requirements of the child. The dietaries included in this text are selected from those used in different parts of the country by physicians who have successfully cared for the infants and children under their charge.