The Balkan Peninsula

by Frank Fox

INDEX

• Adrian, Emperor, [89]
• Adrianople, [14], [65], [68]
  • description of, [90]
  • Turkish occupation of, [26]
• Adriatic coast, [150]
  • Sea, [45]
• Aegean Islands, [62]
  • Sea, [45]
• Alani, the, [10]
• Albania, [14], [17], [62]
  • condition of, [194]
• Albanian character, [173], [193]
  • massacres, [89]
  • mountains, [152]
• Alexander of Battenberg. See [Alexander of Bulgaria]
• Alexander, King of Bulgaria, [47]
  • abdication of, [48]
• Alexander the Great, [6]
• American war correspondents, [99]
• Amurath I., Sultan of Turkey, [27]
• Amurath II., Sultan of Turkey, [27]
• Architecture, [158]
• Arjenli, [131]
• Armenia, [6]
• Art, applied, [163], [164]
  • modern, [164], [165]
• Arts and crafts, [162]
• Asia Minor, invasion of, [17]
• Asiatic invasions, [11], [12]
• Assyria, [6]
• Astrakhan, [9]
• Austria, [28]
  • and Serbia's trade, [125]
• Austrian ambitions in the Balkans, [45], [46], [49]
  • war correspondents, [99], [105]
• Autonomy of the Christian Provinces, [57]

• Bajayet, Sultan of Turkey, [27]
• Balkan Alliance, [18], [21], [45], [53], [55], [57], [59], [74], [174], [194]
  • possibilities of, [82]
• Balkan casualties in the war, [87], [88]
  • character, [124]
  • Committee, the, [91]
  • development, [174]
  • diplomacy, [56], [57]
  • disunion, [75-77], [79]
  • mountains, [3], [151]
• Balkan Peace Conference, 1912, [75], [78], [80], [81], [176], [188]
  • second phase, [84], [85]
  • spokesman, [83]
• Balkan peasants, [176]
  • peoples as linguists, [148]
  • politicians, [176]
  • priests, [176]
  • statesmen, [78], [92]
  • War of 1912, [46], [54], [107]
  • War resumed, [84]
  • women, [159]
• Baltic Sea, [4], [6]
• Banking, [168], [170]
• Bashi-Bazouks, [26], [39], [43], [190]
• Basil, the Bulgar-slayer, [14]
• Beetroot cultivation, [169]
• Belgrade, [16], [124], [146]
  • siege of, [27]
• Bessarabia, [32]
• Birrell, Major E. T. F., R.A.M.C., [143]
• Bishop Babylas of Montenegro, [36]
• Black Sea, [3], [5], [120]
  • littoral, [150]
• Blood-mist, the, [175]
• Bosnia, [39], [49]
• British Army Medical Detachment, [69]
  • opinion, [83]
  • Red Cross Hospital, [143]
  • surgeons, [142]
• Bucharest, [30], [109]
• Buda-Pest, [109]
• Bulgaria, [13], [22], [37]
  • an autonomous principality, [44]
  • beaten, [88]
  • boundaries of (1830), [44]
  • foreign influences in, [97]
  • government of, [40]
  • liberation of, [30]
  • under Serbian rule, [17]
  • a Turkish province, [22], [25]
  • and universal suffrage, [40]
  • at war, [127], [128]
• Bulgaria of To-day, extract from, [23]
• Bulgarian ambitions, [61]
  • aristocracy, [179]
  • army of 1912, [41]
  • atrocities, [43]
  • atrocities in Macedonia, [51]
  • autonomy, [40]
  • blunders, [86], [87]
  • censorship. See [Censorship]
  • character, [177-180]
  • church, [26]
  • commissariat, [69-73], [128]
  • crops, [168]
  • diplomacy, [85-87], [188]
  • diplomatic intrigues, [49]
  • Exarchates, [52]
  • finance, [64], [168]
  • generals, [59]
  • hegemony, [48]
  • hospitals, [143]
  • industry, [167]
  • medical service, [138], [139]
  • military tactics, [66-71]
  • mobilisation, [59], [63], [134]
  • peace negotiations, [79]
  • peasants, [141]
  • preparedness for war, [55], [127]
  • Press Bureau, [185]
  • revolt of 1875, [39], [47]
  • Secret Service, [60]
  • system of land tenures, [168]
  • War of Liberation, [42]
  • women, [135]
• Bulgars, [3], [4], [9], [11], [13]
• Buxton, Mr. Noel, M.P., [158]
• Byzantine art, [164]
  • traditions, [164]

• Cafés, [160]
• Carpets, [164]
• Caucasus, the, [9]
• Censorship, the, [94], [98], [100], [101], [115], [121]
  • humours of the, [100]
  • the second, [102]
• Cettinje, [35]
• Charles, King of Roumania, [39], [41]
• Chatalja, [61], [68], [117]
• Cherson, [5]
• Chersonesos, [5]
• Choleraic dysentery, [133], [138]
• Chorlu, [68]
• Churches. See [Architecture]
• Congress of Berlin, [44], [45]
• Constantinople, [8], [9], [11], [14], [15], [20], [26], [43], [61], [62], [137]
  • fall of, [27], [89], [90]
• Cotton-spinning, [171]
• Credit Foncier system, [169], [171]
• Cretan excavations, [4]
• Crimean War, [32], [38], [107]
• Crusaders, the, [20]
• Cyrillic characters, [35]

• Dacians, [6], [7]
• Daneff, M., [202]
• Danilo I., King of Montenegro, [33]
• Danube, [2], [3], [7], [28], [146]
• Dardanelles, the, [62]
• Decius the elder, [8]
• Decius the younger, [8]
• Demetrieff, General, [67], [136], [198], [201]
• Disease, ravages of, [140]
• Dnieper River, [5]
• Dniester River, [5]
• Don Cossacks, [15]
• Don River, [3]
• Dual Monarchy, problems of, [28]
• Dulcigno, [46]
• Durazzo, [14]

• Eastern Church, [16]
• Eastern Rumelia, [48]
• Egyptian influences, [4]
• Embroideries, [164]
• Emigration, [166]
• English war correspondents, [99]
• Enos, [88]
• Ermenikioi, [136], [138], [201]
• Eski Sagrah, [96], [97]
• Eski Zagora, [20]
• European capital, [174]
  • diplomacy, [39], [40]
  • diplomacy and Roumania, [85]
  • finance, [64]
  • policy, [50], [55]
  • policy in 1912-13, [45]
  • Powers, interest of, [96]
  • Powers, intervention of, [58]
• Euxine, [6]
• Exarchate Christians, [177]

• Ferdinand, Czar of Bulgaria, [47], [49], [50], [108], [152], [154]
  • his character, [198-201]
• Ferdinand of Coburg. See [Ferdinand of Bulgaria]
• Filimer, King of the Goths, [9]
• Finno-ugric tribe, [3]
• Forty Holy Martyrs of Bulgaria, [14]
• Fratricidal war, [87]
• Frederick Barbarossa, [16]
• French war correspondents, [99]

• Gallipoli, Peninsula of, [75]
• Geographical position, [1]
• Gepidae, [11]
• German Powers, [193]
• German war correspondents, [99]
• Getae. See [Dacians]
• Goths, [4], [5], [7], [8], [9], [13], [20]
  • invasions of, [75]
• Greco-Bulgarian disunion, [79]
  • entente, [76]
• Greco-Turkish wars, [107]
• Greece, [37]
• Greek atrocities in Macedonia, [51]
  • character, [188-191]
  • church, [22]
  • civilisation, [4]
  • coast, [150]
  • diplomacy, [93]
  • Empire, [2], [9], [11], [12], [13], [15], [16], [17], [20]
  • Empire, fall of, [21]
  • governors in Roumania, [31]
  • official report, [76]
  • Patriarchates, [52]
  • patriotism, [167]
  • Prime Minister. See [Venizuelos]
  • traditions, [164]
  • war of independence, [82]
• Greeks, [3]
• Grey, Sir Edward, [85], [203]
• Grivica Redoubt, [41]
• Gueshoff, M., [202]
• Guttones. See [Goths]

• Haskovo, province of, [168]
• Health resorts, [153]
• Herodotus, [5]
• Herzegovina, [39], [49]
• History, Early, [3], [4]
• Hodgkin, Mr. T., [5]
• Hospital services, [141], [142]
• Hungarians, [11], [13], [28]
• Huns, [4], [7], [11], [13]
  • invasions of, [9], [75]
  • origin of, [9], [10]

• "International Socialist," [132]
• Ionian letter-forms, [5]
• Istros, [5]
• Italian Peninsula, [1]
  • war correspondents, [99]
• Ivan the Black, of Montenegro, [35]
• Ivankeui, battle of, [67]

• Janina, [75]
• Japanese censorship, [98]
• Jireček, [2]
• John Asên, Czar of Bulgaria, [14]
• John Hunyad, [27]
• John Paleologos, Emperor of Greece, [21]
• Jonescu, M. Take, [198], [205]
• Jostoff, Colonel, [138]
• Journalism, [108-110]

• "Kara George." See [Petrovic]
• Kirk Kilisse, [42], [65], [139]
• Korea, [58]
• Kossova, [21]
  • battle of, [27], [33]
• Kustendil, [168]
• Kustendjix, [5]

• Lazar, King of Serbia, [27]
• Levant, the, [4], [5]
• Liberation, progress since the, [165]
• Lithuania, [5]
• Lombards, [8], [11]
• London Morning Post, [54], [100]
• "Lord Salisbury's principle," [93]
• Lule Burgas, [68]
  • battle of, [72]

• Macedonia, [44], [74]
  • atrocities in, [51], [52], [53]
  • Empire of, [6]
  • massacres in, [51], [89]
• Marcianople. See [Schumla]
• Mariano Bolizza, [36]
• Maritza River, [90]
• Marmora, Sea of, [62], [120], [150]
• "Mass at St. Sofia," [146]
• Massacre, the national sport, [177]
• Medicinal springs, [153]
• Mediterranean littoral, [2]
  • Sea, [4]
• Michael, Czar of Bulgaria, [15]
• Michael the Brave, of Roumania, [30]
• Midhat Pasha, [169], [170]
• Midia, [88]
• Military attachés, [105], [107]
• Milosh Obrenovic of Serbia, [38]
• Mineral resources in Serbia, [172]
• Minoan civilisation, [2]
• Moesia, [3]
• Mohammedanism, [24]
• Moldavia, [13], [29], [38]
• Montenegrin character, [173], [193]
  • printing press, [35], [36]
  • resistance of Turks, [34], [35]
  • war with Austria, [35]
  • war with Turkey, [35]
• Montenegro, [17], [28], [32], [33], [37], [46]
  • government of, [33]
• Morning Post, the. See [London]
• Mount Athos, monastery of, [16]
• Music, national, [163]

• Napoleon, [17], [34]
• Napoleonic strategy, [113]
  • wars, [32]
• Near East, the, [107]
• Near Eastern character, [78]
• Neytchef, Dr., [131]
• Nicolaieff, General, [42]
• Niemen River, [5]
• Nikolitch, M., [198], [204]
• Nish, [43], [125], [126]
• Nordic tribes, [4]
• Norman knights, [13]
• Normans, [4]
• Northern invasions, [13]
  • peoples, [2]
• North Sea, [4]
• Nova Sagora, [135]
• Novi-Bazar, [46]

• Odessa, [5]
• Odessos, [5]
• Olbia, [5]
• Old Serbia, [74]
• Oriental Express, [156]
• Ostrogoths, [7]
• Ottoman. See [Turks]
• Ox wagons, [130], [131]

• Patriarchate Christians, [177]
• Peace Conference. See under [Balkan]
• Peace of Bucharest, [88]
• Peace of London, [85], [88]
• Persians, [11]
• Peter the Great of Russia, [34]
• Petrovic, George, [29], [37]
• Philip of Macedon, [6]
• Philippopolis, [8], [44]
  • capture of, [20]
• Phillip, Roman Emperor, [8]
• Pig-raising, [171]
• Pirot, [43]
• Plevna, [41], [46]
• Pomaks, [22]
• Prehistoric state, [2]
• Press influence, [83], [84]
• Protective tariff, [171]
• Punch cartoon, [54]

• Religious proselytising, [30]
• Rhodopes, the, [151], [152], [158]
• Roads, [167]
• Roman Church, [16]
  • civilisation, [8]
  • Empire, [1], [2], [89], [168]
• Roman Empire, decline of, [7]
  • fall of, [8]
  • traditions, [164]
• Romans, [4], [7]
• Rose cultivation, [169]
• Roumania, [7], [13], [22], [29], [37]
  • Greek governors in, [31]
  • an independent principality, [32]
  • King of, [48], [49]
  • liberation of, [30], [31]
  • Russian garrison in, [32]
  • subjugation of, [2]
  • a Turkish province, [29]
• Roumanian character, [191], [192]
  • diplomacy, [92]
  • independence, [38]
  • war correspondents, [105]
  • women, [160]
• Roumanians, [3]
• Runes, [5]
• Russian ambitions in the Balkans, [44], [45], [49]
  • garrison in Roumania, [32]
  • hospital at Kirk Kilisse, [143]
  • intrigue in Bulgaria, [48]
  • liberators of Bulgaria, [25]
  • Power, [31]
  • war correspondents, [99]
• Russo-Japanese War, effect of, [50]
• Russo-Roumanian alliance, [31]
• Russo-Turkish War of 1828, [32]
  • of 1877, [41], [43], [170]

• Salonica, [46], [62], [76], [79]
• Sanitary arrangements, absence of, [140], [141], [142]
• Saracens, [4], [12], [20]
• Savoff, General, [117], [202]
• Schumla, [8]
• Scutari, [74], [75]
• Scythia, [5], [8], [9]
• Seaside resorts, [150], [151]
• Sebastopol, [5]
• Seleniki, [129]
• Semitic invasions, [4]
• Serbia, [15], [17], [26], [37]
  • as a European Power, [16]
  • local government in, [172]
  • Turkish garrisons withdrawn, [38]
  • a Turkish province, [27]
• Serbian character, [186-188]
  • contest for liberty, [38]
  • diplomacy, [93]
  • emigration to Austria, [28]
  • Empire, [33]
  • Empire, fall of, [27]
  • forests, [172]
  • Highlanders, [33]
  • increase of territory, [46]
  • liberation, [37]
  • mineral resources, [172]
  • mountains, [151]
  • trade, Austria and, [125]
  • women, [172]
• Serbians, [3], [4], [9]
• Serbo-Hungarian Alliance, [27]
• Servians. See [Serbians]
• Shipka Pass, [42], [129]
• Silistria, [168]
• Simeon of Bulgaria, [163]
• Slav traditions, [164]
• Slavs, [3], [4]
• Slivnitza, battle of, [48]
• Sofia, [61], [145]
  • the Military College, [42]
• Southern Slav Art Exhibition, [165]
• Stambouloff, [48]
  • assassination of, [49]
• Stara Zagora, [42]
• Stephen Dushan, King of Serbia, [16], [17], [26], [162]
• Stephen the Great, of Moldavia, [30]
• Sweden, [6], [9]
• Switzerland, [58]

• Tapestries, [164]
• Tartars, [4], [11], [13]
• Tchobanoff, Lieutenant-Colonel, [131]
• Tchorlu, [42]
• Tchundra River, [90]
• Teutonic knights, [13]
• Theodore Komnenus, Czar of Greece, [14]
• Thessaly, [2]
• Thrace, [2], [8], [44], [51]
  • an autonomous, [80]
• Thracian campaign, [54]
  • plain, [154]
• Thraco-Dacians, [3]
• Thraco-Illyrians, [3]
• Thraco-Macedonians, [3]
• Tirnova, [44]
  • Church of the Forty Martyrs, [14]
• Tobacco cultivation, [168]
• Tourist possibilities, [151], [152]
• Trade, Early, [5]
• Trajan, [7]
• Transylvania, [30]
• Travel facilities, [155-158]
  • risks, [161]
• Treaty of Adrianople (1830), [44]
• Treaty of Berlin, [38], [45], [46]
• Treaty of Bucharest (1913), [17], [171]
• Treaty of London, [174]
• Treaty of Paris (1856), [32], [38], [39]
• Treaty of San Stefano, [43], [44], [46], [47], [50]
• Trenches, [145]
• Triple Alliance, the, [50]
• Turco-Russian wars, [107]
• Turkey-in-Europe, [61]
• Turkish Army, [106]
  • atrocities, [19], [26], [29], [31], [52]
  • character, [181-186]
  • corruption, [61]
  • cruelty, [185]
  • delegates at the Conference, [188]
  • domination in Bulgaria, [23], [24], [25]
  • entrenchments, [137]
  • invasion, first, [15]
  • occupation, [17], [20], [158]
  • offer of reform, [56]
  • Power in Europe, decline of, [45]
  • prisoners, [136]
  • procrastination at the Peace Conference, [81], [84]
  • rally, [88]
  • rule in Bulgaria, end of, [26]
  • rule in Serbia, [28]
  • spy incident, [133]
  • tyranny, [24]
  • villages, [138]
• Turks, [3], [4], [13]
  • before Vienna, [21]
• Turnu-Severin, [7]
• Tyras, [5]

• Unity of Balkans. See [Balkan Alliance]

• Valerius, Emperor, [89]
• Vandals, [7]
• Varna, [5]
• Venetians, [16]
• Venice [34]
• Venizuelos, M., [83], [198], [203], [204]
• Vienna, [109]
  • siege of, [21]
• Villages, the, [154]
• Visigoths, [7]
• Vistula River, [5]
• Vlad the Impaler, of Wallachia, [30]
• Volga River, [3]
• Volgars. See [Bulgars]
• Vranga, [43]

• Wallachia, [13], [29]
• Wallachians. See [Roumanians]
• War correspondent, the, [98], [99], [102], [103], [107], [126], [185]
  • advice to, [110]
  • new school, [107], [108], [113]
  • passing of the, [122]
  • a personal record, [116]
• War of Liberation, [85]
• Winter sports, [152]

• Yamboli, [42], [65], [69]
• Yanina, battle of, [67]

• Zablack, [35]