Abolition, effect of low prices of cotton in promoting, [i., 201];
extent of the agitation to remote districts, ii., [37];
abolitionist sentiments of a slaveowner in Mississippi, [98];
feeling in favour of, in North Carolina, [131].
Abolitionists, danger of poor whites becoming, ii., [357];
literature of, [358].
Advantage (supposed) of slave-labour in cultivating cotton and tobacco, ii., [252].
Advertisements for runaway negroes, i., [157];
of slaves for sale, ii., [22].
Acadians, or poor French habitans in Louisiana, i., [338]; ii., [33].
Adams, Governor, on the want of education for the poor, ii., [293].
African races, character of, compared with the Teutonic, ii., [221].
Agriculture, scientific, on a farm on James River, i., [52];
wretched implements used in North Carolina, [172];
successful cultivation of the sugar-cane, [322];
on a Mississippi plantation, ii., [201];
decay of, in Virginia, [303];
in Slave and Free States, [367].
Alabama, appearance of the country, i., [274];
“reasons” for making Montgomery the capital, ii., [112];
women getting out iron ore, [115];
picture of decay by one of her statesmen, [297].
Alabama River, voyage down the, i., [275];
number of so-called landings, [275];
mode of loading cotton, [275];
Irishmen cheaper than niggers, [276].
Albemarle, proportion of slaves to whites, i., [116].
Canada, running of slaves into, ii., [362];
loss to the South by, [362].
Cape Fear River, a type of the navigable streams of the cotton States, i., [191];
passage from Fayetteville to Wilmington, [191];
panic of a steamer’s crew, [192];
taking in wood, [193];
description of the passengers, [194];
features of the river-banks, [196].
Capital transferred, ii., [299];
with Northern men, [301].
Carolina, North, fisheries, i., [149];
desolate aspect of the country, [171];
want of means of communication, [181];
degraded condition of white labourers, [188];
general ignorance and torpidity of the people, [190];
their causes, [190];
aspect of slavery more favourable than in Virginia, [191];
cultivation of forage crops neglected, [200];
wages of labourers, ii., [132].
Carolina, South, appearance of the country, i., [204], [215];
thinly peopled, [206];
log cabins, [206];
negro-quarters, [207];
repulsive appearance of field-hands, [208];
conversation with an elderly countryman in, [217];
his ignorance and good-nature, [218], [221];
conduct of two negro-girls, [222];
plantations, [233];
negro settlements, [233], [237].
Cartwright, Dr., on the peculiar diseases of negroes, i., [122].
Comparison of the moral and social condition of the negro, in Slave and Free States, ii., [238].
Corporeal punishment, severe instance of, witnessed, ii., [205].
Cottage in Louisiana, a night spent in, ii., [38];
superior manners of the inmates, [39].
Cotton, fallacies with respect to its influence, i., [5];
the monopoly not beneficial to the Slave States, [8];
neglected resources of the so-called cotton States, [12];
profitable cultivation, [15];
number of slaves engaged in cotton culture, [17];
profits of large and small planters, [18];
limited area devoted to its growth, [24];
effect of low prices on abolition, [201];
reckless loading on steamboats, [275];
chiefly produced in the valley of the Mississippi, [342];
expense of raising, ii., [182];
planting and tillage the chief items, [253];
advantages of free labour, [262], [268];
possibility of greatly increasing the cotton supply, [269].
Cotton-planters, general characteristics of, i., [18], [276], [343];
their want of the comforts of civilized life, [19], [137];
their hospitality generally a matter of business, ii., [95];
sudden acquisition of wealth by, [158].
Darby, Mr., on the effects of climate, ii., [257].
De Bow, Mr., his ‘Compendium of the Census,’ quoted, i., [19], [20], [24];
his ‘Review,’ quoted, on the valley of the Mississippi, ii., [63];
on the want of education, [293];
‘Resources of the South,’ [182], [227], [265], [310];
his charges against the author, [311];
on negro capacity, [345];
on abolitionist books, [360].
Deep River, extensive fisheries, i., [149];
mode of fishing described, [150];
expenditure of gunpowder, [151];
removal of stumps of trees from the bottom, [151];
mode of operation, [151];
negro divers, [152];
cheerful and willing to work, [153].
Diseases peculiar to negroes, i., [122];
malaria, [235];
yellow fever, [259]; ii., [260].
Dismal Swamp, i., [144];
importance of the lumber trade, [144];
character and mode of life of slaves employed as lumbermen, [146];
their superiority over field-hands generally, [148];
a refuge for runaway negroes, [155].
Distances, discrepancies in estimating, ii., [31].
Distress, in 1855, in New York, ii., [243];
in the Southern States, [248].
Divers, skill and perseverance of slaves employed as, i., [151].
Domestic servants, their great value in the South, i., [125];
their cost in proportion to white domestics, [125];
a Southern lady’s description of her household, [126];
their carelessness, [131];
in Eastern Texas, ii., [12];
indifference to scolding, [93].
Fires in the open air, negro fondness for, i., [215].
Fisheries in North Carolina, i., [149];
interesting and novel operations, [150].
Fleas, mode of destroying by an ingenious negro, i., [104], note.
Food, supplied to the slaves in Virginia, i., [101];
on a Georgia rice plantation, [244];
on a Mississippi plantation, ii., [179], [195];
generally in the South, [240], [241].
Frambœsia, or Yaws, slaves peculiarly subject to, i., [123].
Free Labour, plantation in Virginia cultivated by, i., [92].
Georgia, winter climate of, i., [227];
“show plantations,” [230];
strange appearance and language of the rustics, [231];
statistics of seaboard district of, ii., [295], [385];
worn-out cotton lands, [296].
Germans, their patient industry and docility as labourers, i., [33], [195];
in Eastern Texas, ii., [19];
in Western Texas, [96];
immigration to Texas, [102];
their influence, [102];
schools, [103];
conversation with a persevering German, [164];
at Natchez, [171];
superior quality of the cotton picked by, [263];
cultivation of cotton by, in Texas, [266].
Glue-manufacturer, his reasons for employing whites, i., [194].
Highlands, feelings of inhabitants of, with regard to slavery, ii., [129], [131], [135];
their dislike of negro competition, [137];
their manners and phraseology, [137];
general ignorance, [138].
Hiring a saddle-horse, i., [61];
lucid directions for an intricate journey, [62].
Hogs, raising of, ii., [176];
large plantations not suited to, [177].
Honesty, instances of, among slaves, i., [148], [259]; ii., [213], note.
Horses in Natchez, ii., [167];
objections of a Texas drover to “iron on their feet,” [54].
Hospitality, reputation of the South for, generally unwarranted, ii., [282];
instances of its refusal, [315].
Hotels, at Washington, i., [28];
Richmond, [51], [55];
Norfolk, [160];
Gaston, [168];
Fayetteville, [183];
specimen of, in Eastern Texas, ii., [5];
first-class, at Memphis, [56];
bill of fare and its result, [57];
at Woodville, dress-etiquette and wretched arrangements, [148].
Indians, in Louisiana, ii., [38];
costume of Choctaws and Alabamas, [38];
hired to hoe cotton, [93].
Intelligence and industry of negroes on a Mississippi plantation, ii., [79].
Irishmen, employment of, i., [95];
the best labourers to be obtained, [95];
too self-confident and quarrelsome, [195];
Germans preferred to them, [195];
labourers to negro masons, [297].
Iron-mining in Alabama, ii., [115];
conversation with a miner, [116];
wages earned, [117].
Italians at Natchez, ii., [169];
their character by one of themselves, [170].
Killing negroes, viewed merely as an offence against property, ii., [190].
Labour of slaves, compared with that of labourers in Free States, i., [10], [137]; ii., [382];
influence of the association in labour of slaves and free-men, i., [300];
cost of, in the Border States, ii., [380];
difference between slave and free, [382].
Land, value of, i., [114];
in Virginia and Pennsylvania, ii., [369].
Liberation of slaves on a plantation in Virginia, happy results of, i., [92].
Longstreet, Judge, his ‘Georgia Scenes,’ quoted, ii., [297].
Lorettes, the, of New Orleans, i., [302];
a quasi-marriage, [303];
economy of the system, [306].
Louisiana, laws of, favourable to negroes, i., [101];
a negro’s opinion of, compared with Virginia, [334];
contrast of manners in, and in Texas, ii., [31];
good-nature of the people, [31];
miserable condition of the poorer planters, [44];
disregard of slave-laws in, [47];
Sunday-work, [47];
insecurity of slaveholding interest, [51].
Lumberers, slave, habits and mode of life in the swamp, i., [146];
superior to most slaves, [148].
Mississippi River, cotton plantations on the, i., [13], [17], note; ii., [59];
rich planters, [158];
number of slaves on a plantation, [159].
Mississippi, feeling in, against slavery, ii., [98], [109];
condition of the slaves, [101].
Mississippi, Northern, remarkable plantation in, ii., [67];
all the negroes able to read, [70];
their religion and morals, [71].
Mobile (Alabama), description of, i., [282];
scarcity of tradesmen and mechanics, [283];
chief business of the town, [283];
English merchants, owners of slaves, [284].
Natchez, gambling at, ii., [154];
beauty of the neighbouring country, [165];
the town described, [166];
view of the Mississippi from the Bluff, [168];
conversation with an Italian at, [169].
Negroes, numbers engaged in cotton culture, i., [17];
their increased value, [26];
appearance of, in Virginia, [33];
an illegal meeting at Washington, [36];
problem of Southern gentlemen with respect to, [61];
their Christmas holidays, [74];
how they live in the swamp, [96], [155];
their cunning to avoid working for their masters’ profit, [99];
alleged incapacity of exercising judgment, [100];
kind treatment in Louisiana, [101], [328], [338];
proverbial habit of lying, [105];
agrarian notions, [106];
universally pilferers, [106];
their simulation of illness, [118];
Dr. Cartwright’s work on their diseases, [122];
runaways in the swamp, [155];
mode of hunting them, [156];
superior character of those employed in the turpentine forest, [188];
repulsive appearance of, on a Carolina plantation, [208];
their love for fires in the open air, [215];
occasional instances of trustworthiness and intelligence, [240];
employed in the cultivation of rice, [243];
field-hands, [245];
effect of organization of labour, [248];
permission to labour for themselves after working hours, [251];
evil effects of grog-shops, [251];
excitement at religious meetings, [259], [315];
their jocosity, [281];
engaged, in cultivation of sugar, [319], [328];
their thoughts of being free, [334], [339];
capacity for learning, ii., [70], [99];
mode of working in Mississippi, [178];
treated as mere property on large plantations, [192];
general character of, [221].
See [Slaves].
Negro slaveowners in Louisiana, i., [336];
their cruelty, [336].
Negro-traders in Louisiana and Kentucky, ii., [44].
New Orleans, arrival at, i., [290];
first impressions, [291];
the French quarter, [291];
cathedral, [293];
mixture of races, [294];
a lot of twenty-two negroes, [295];
number of free labourers, [299];
manners and morals of the citizens, [302];
association with mulatto and quadroon females, [302].
‘New Orleans Delta,’ on justice to slaves, ii., [185].
Newton, the Hon. Willoughby, on the introduction of guano, i., [101].
‘New York Times,’ letters to, on slave and free labour, i., [134], [135]; ii., [268].
Norfolk (Virginia), its filthy condition, i., [142];
natural advantages for trade and commerce, [143];
market gardens, [153];
hotel accommodation, [159].
Overseers, character of, i., [53], [94]; ii., [184], [189];
a kind and efficient one on a Carolina plantation, i., [208];
stringent terms of contract, [250];
precaution against undue corporeal punishment, [251];
surly behaviour of one in Mississippi, ii., [94];
another specimen, [143];
a night in an overseer’s cabin, [175];
wages of, [185], [195];
their want of consideration for slaves, [189].
Plantations in South Carolina described, i., [207], [233];
in Georgia, [243];
in Louisiana, [317];
Creole plantation, [340];
in Eastern Texas, [372]; ii., [9], [14];
in Mississippi, [67], [90];
ignorance of proprietor, [90];
the most profitable one visited, described, [193];
the manager and overseers, [194];
arrangements for the slaves, [195];
their rate of increase, [209];
indiscriminate intercourse, [209];
statistics of, [236].
Planters, characteristics of, i., [18], [19], [137], [276], [343];
comfortless living of, in Eastern Texas, ii., [10], [14];
Creole, in Louisiana, [46];
their passion for increasing their negro stock, [48];
life of, compared with that of men of equal property in New York, [48];
conversation with a nervous planter, [152];
hospitality of, in Mississippi, [163];
general character of those of the South, [230], [272].
Polk, Bishop, his description of slavery in the Red River county, ii., [213], note.
Poor whites in Virginia, i., [81], [95];
their condition worse than that of the slaves, [83];
their reluctance to do the work of slaves, [112];
degraded condition of, in the turpentine forest, [188];
their belief in witchcraft, [189];
of South Carolina, [231];
trading with them injurious to the negroes, [252];
girls employed in the cotton-mills at Columbia, [273];
in Eastern Texas, their dishonesty, [372];
engaged in iron mining, ii., [115];
in Mississippi, [196];
feeling of irritation against, [355].
Preacher, Methodist, tales of “nigger” hunting by, ii., [122].
Privileged classes of the South, their condition and character, ii., [272];
their assertion of the beneficence of slavery, [273];
their two methods of vindicating it, [276];
their claims to high-breeding and hospitality generally unwarranted, [282];
instances of the opposite qualities, [315]et seq.;
their revengeful disposition, [327].
Public worship in the South, provisions for, i., [259], [261].
Purchase of a plantation, a gambling operation, i., [321].
Quadroons at New Orleans, their beauty and healthiness, i., [294], [303];
their cultivated tastes, [305];
peculiar characteristics of their association with whites, [305].
Railroads, in Virginia, i., [38], [55];
want of punctuality, [56], [141];
in North Carolina, [161];
disregard of advertised arrangements, [167];
desirable improvements, [170];
in South Carolina, [216];
their superiority in Georgia, [272].
Raleigh (North Carolina), described, i., [170];
desolate aspect of the country around, [171].
Rations of U. S. Army, compared with allowances to slaves, ii., [240].
Red River, cotton plantations on the, i., [13];
preparations for a voyage up the, [343];
supper and sleeping arrangements, [350];
a good shot, [352].
Religious condition of the South, i., [261];
proportion of ministers to people, [261];
rivalry and jealousy of different sects, [262];
religious instruction to slaves objected to, ii., [214];
general remarks on religious professions in the slaves, [220].
Religious service in a meeting-house in Georgia, i., [205];
in a negro chapel at New Orleans, [308].
Remonstrance by South Carolina planters against religious instruction to negroes, ii., [214].
Rice plantation, a model one visited, i., [235];
house servants and field-hands, [236];
negro-quarters, [237];
nursery for black children, [238];
a rice-mill, [239];
burning stubble, [243];
ploughing, [244];
food of the slaves, [244];
field gangs, [245];
task-work, [247];
important duties of drivers, [249];
limitation of power of punishment, [251];
trade on the plantation, [254].
Richmond, Virginia, described, i., [40];
railway economy, [42];
negro funeral, [43];
ludicrous oratory, [44];
Sunday appearance of coloured people, [45];
their demeanour to whites, [47];
“Slaves for sale or hire,” [50];
farm on James River, [52];
coal-pit, [54].
‘Richmond American,’ the, quoted, i., [125], note;
‘Enquirer,’ ii., [364];
‘Whig,’ [370].
Runaway slaves, i., [119], [155]; ii., [7];
advertisements of, [157];
cure for, ii., [6];
pursuit of one, [20];
hunting with dogs, [120], [122], [178];
stocks for punishment of, [161];
conflict with a runaway, [161], note;
favourite lurking-ground for, [183].
Russell, Mr., his ‘North America: its Agriculture, &c.,’ quoted, ii., [176], note, [182], [252], [256];
mistaken views of, with respect to free and slave labour, [252]et seq.
Sabine River, country on each side described, ii., [24];
coarseness of the inhabitants, [25];
a night with a gentleman of the country, [25];
“figures of speech,” [27].
San Augustin (Eastern Texas), i., [374];
Presbyterian and Methodist universities merged in a “Masonic Institute,” [375].
St. Francisville, ii., [143];
neighbouring country described, [145];
appearance of the slaves, [146].
Savannah (Georgia), commerce and prospects of, i., [273].
Scripture expressions, their familiar use by the negroes, i., [262];
a dram-seller’s advertisement, [263].
Seguin, Dr., on the capacity of the negro, ii., [344].
Separation of North and South inconsistent with the welfare of either, i., [1].
Slavery, Jefferson’s opinion on, i., [92];
practicability of rapidly extinguishing, [255];
cruelty a necessity of, [355];
strong opinion against, of a Mississippi planter, ii., [98];
of a Tennessee farmer, [140];
necessary to produce cheap cotton, ii., [252].
Slaveholders, opinions of, on slavery, i., [53], [60], [332], [354]; ii., [92];
American, French, and negro slaveowners, [336], [337].
Slave-mart, at Richmond, i., [50];
at Houston, ii., [22].
Slaves, liberated, doing well in Africa, i., [92];
prospects of those going North, [93].
Slaves, their value as labourers, i., [16], [94];
as domestic servants, [125];
causes of the high prices given for them, [16];
number engaged in cultivating cotton, [17];
number annually exported from slave-breeding to cotton States, [58];
proportion of workers to slaves maintained, [59];
improvement in their conditions, [94];
their food and lodging in Virginia, [102], [104];
their clothing, [105];
subject to peculiar diseases, [122];
necessity of humouring them, [128];
have no training as children, [131];
work accomplished in a given time, [133];
“driving,” [135];
increasing difficulties in their management, [252];
instance of their trustworthiness, [259];
best method of inducing them to exert themselves, [328];
bad effect of their association with white labourers, [330];
and of their dealings with petty traders, [331];
condition of, on a profitable plantation in Mississippi, ii., [195];
worked hardest in the South-west, [202];
some nearly white, [210];
their religious instruction, [222];
impolicy of allowing them to cultivate patches, [238];
auction at Richmond described, [372].
See [Negroes].
Slave States, condition of the people, i., [8];
not benefited by their cotton monopoly, [8];
dearness of slave-labour, [10], [94];
antipathy of the whites to work, [22];
small proportion of the area devoted to cotton cultivation, [24];
their small contribution to the national treasury, [27];
general characteristics and features of the country, [85].
Slave trade, activity of, in Virginia, i., [57];
difficulty of obtaining statistics, [58].
Sleeping-quarters, unpleasant, ii., [87], [106];
abundance of insect vermin, [87];
mode of keeping away gnats, [107].
‘South Carolinian,’ the, on planters and overseers, ii., [188].
South, danger of the, ii., [338];
condition of the negro, [339];
Southern method of treatment dangerous, [344];
unconscious habits of precaution, [346];
apparent tranquillity deceptive, [348];
police machinery, [350];
abolitionist literature, [358];
cause of agitation, [361];
impossibility of acceding to the demands of the South, [362];
threat of dissolution, [363];
probable result, [363].
‘Southern Agriculturist,’ the, quoted, ii., [182], [188].
‘Southern Cultivator,’ the, on the effect of the society of negroes on their masters’ children, i., [222], note;
on allowing negroes to cultivate “patches,” [239], note.
Stage-coach rides in North Carolina, i., [163], [174], [201];
a swindling driver, [163];
cruelty to horses, [175];
unexpected comforts of a piny-wood stage-house, [177];
in Mississippi, ii., [64].
Stage-house at Fayetteville, described, i., [183].
Steam-boats: on Cape Fear River, i., [191];
on the Alabama River, [275];
passengers, [276];
wastefulness and joviality of the crew, [281];
description of one on the Red River, [347];
sleeping arrangements, [349];
life of the firemen, [350];
deck-passengers, [350];
a race, [351];
gambling on board, [353].
Steward, negro, on a rice plantation, importance of his office, i., [240];
privileges enjoyed by, [242].
Subjugation of the South, its alleged impossibility, i., [2].
Suffering, occasional, different effect of, on the slave and free labourer, ii., [251].
Sugar plantation, in Louisiana, i., [317];
the owner’s popularity, [318];
mansion and offices, [319];
arrangements for the slaves, [320];
usual expenses of carrying on, [321]; ii., [236];
mode of cultivation, i., [323];
planting the cane, [325];
tillage, [327];
grinding the cane, [328];
increased labour in grinding season willingly performed by the slaves, [328];
late improvements in the manufacture, [329].
Suggestions for improving the condition of the negro, and preparing him for freedom, i., [255].
Task-work general in Georgia and South Carolina, i., [247].
Texas, its prospect of becoming a Free State, ii., [102];
influence of the Germans, [102], [103].
Texas, Eastern, route across, i., [359];
a day in the woods, [359];
plantation described, [359];
a sick child, [361];
the emigrant road, [365], [374];
appearance of the emigrants, [365];
the Red Lands, [373];
Christmas serenade, [375];
a planter’s residence, ii., [9];
his comfortless mode of living, [10];
promising sons, [10];
literary dearth, [10];
interest taken in foreign affairs, [11];
domestic servants, [13];
a night, with another planter, [14];
his habits of life, [14], [15];
determination of inhabitants to conceal unfavourable facts, [18];
hatred of Mexicans, [19].
Texas, South-eastern, district described, ii., [23];
imperfect drainage, [23];
sparsely settled, [24];
not a desirable place of abode, [24].
Tennessee, North-eastern, contrast between the homes of a slaveholder and a farmer without slaves, ii., [138].
Tennessee squire, a night with, ii., [128];
his notion of buying Irishmen, [129].
Tobacco, plantation in Eastern Virginia, i., [88];
reasons for growing, [88];
negroes not able to cultivate the finer sorts, [89]; ii., [254];
their mode of payment, i., [98], [140].
Virginia, characteristics of the population, i., [39];
association of blacks and whites, [40];
the Public Guard, [41];
rebellion of coloured people in 1801, [42];
mode of living of Virginia gentlemen at home, [89];
treatment of negroes in, [101];
Economy of Virginia, [108];
an Englishman’s impressions on landing in the United States, [108];
apparent indifference to shabby living, [108];
its causes, [108];
difference of means required to procure the same result, [108];
a similar analogy between the North and South, [109];
an exceptional case, [109];
high price paid for skilled labour, [110];
state of the community as a whole, [111];
complaints of scarcity of hands, [111];
the employment of whites in occupations usually performed by slaves distasteful both to master and labourer, [112];
land most valuable, where proportion of slaves to whites is least, [114];
comparative cost of slave and free labour, [117];
advantages of the latter in wages paid, [118];
in freedom from loss by disability, [118];
frequency of feigned illness, [118];
peculiar diseases of negroes, [122];
means of maintaining discipline, [124];
want of the motives to exertion possessed by free labourers, [131];
influence of slave system on the habits of the whole community, [131];
general want of civilized comforts, [137];
waste of natural resources, [138], [143];
rule of make-shift, [138];
exceptional instances, [139];
decay of its agriculture, ii., [303];
mineral wealth, [365];
want of means of education, [371].
Virginia, Eastern, its resources neglected, i., [8];
poverty of its inhabitants, [10];
description of a ride, [64];
a strange vehicle, [65];
the school-house, [65];
“Old Fields,” [66];
desolate appearance of the country, [66];
a farm-house, [70];
a country “grosery,” [72];
the court-house, [74];
a night at an old plantation with a churlish host, [76];
the “supper-room” and “sitting-room,” [79];
precarious existence of poor white labourers, [81];
the “bed-room,” [84];
the planter’s charge for his “hospitality,” [85];
sparse population, [86];
the meeting-house, [86];
negro quarters, [87];
a tobacco plantation, [88].
Washington, number of visitors at, i., [28];
a boarding-house, [28];
the market-place, [34];
price of land in the neighbourhood, [35];
number of white labourers, [35];
character of the coloured population, [36];
an illegal meeting, [36].
Watchman, the, on a Carolina plantation, i., [240], [242].