CATALOGUE

HISHIKAWA MORONOBU

Moronobu, who was born probably in 1625 and died in 1695, was the first important Japanese artist to design prints. As a painter he is highly renowned. He illustrated many books and made a considerable number of single-sheet prints, which were all either in plain black or coloured by hand. His works are now very rare.[6]

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1Large sumi-yé (ink print). Matsukaze-Murasame; a nobleman and two ladies at the seashore watching two women dipping salt water in buckets.
2Sumi-yé. A man and a woman seated on the floor of a room.
3Sumi-yé. Woman reading from a book to a man reclining on the floor by her side. Near them a maid-servant and utensils containing refreshments.

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4Sumi-yé. Scene in the Yoshiwara.

TORII KIYONOBU

Founder of the Torii line and one of the leading artists of the Ukiyoé school. Inventor of the tan-yé, or prints coloured by hand with red lead (Japanese tan). He was born in 1664 and died on August 22, 1729. His style of drawing was characterized by great boldness and vigour.

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5Large tan-yé. The actor Dekijima Hanya as a woman seated upon a sakura tree in bloom.
6Small tan-yé. The actor Ikushima Daikichi as a woman holding two small dogs.
7Small tan-yé. The actor Kamimura Kichisaburo as a dancing-girl.
8Large hand-coloured print. The actor Ikushima Daikichi as an oiran on parade, followed by O̅tani Hiroji as a servant holding an umbrella over her.
9Tall hand-coloured print. The actor Bando Hikosaburo.

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10Urushi-yé. Ichikawa Monnosuke as a strolling player carrying a monkey on his back.

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11Urushi-yé. The elopement of Yaoya Hanbei and O-Chiya.

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12Urushi-yé. A dancing-girl.

TORII KIYOMASU

Eldest son of Kiyonobu, whom he succeeded as the head of the Torii line. His work closely resembles that of his father. He was born about 1685 and died on January 2, 1764.

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KIYONAGA. Holiday Group at Gotenyama.

13Large sumi-yé. An actors' boating party on the Sumidagawa.
14Large tan-yé. The actors Yoshizawa Ayame and Kanto Koroku.
15Large tan-yé. The actors Kanto Koroku and Ikushima Daikichi.
16Large beni-yé. Ichikawa Danju̅ro̅ as an enraged warrior.
17Beni-yé. Onoe Kikugoro̅ in a female rôle.
18Beni-yé. Scene from a drama. The actors Tomazawa Saijiro̅ (on horseback), O̅tani Hiroji, and Segawa Kikunojo̅. The beni has turned to a low-toned yellow.
19Urushi-yé. Scene from a drama. O̅tani Oniji (on horseback) threatening Sannogawa Ichimatsu in the rôle of a woman who has seized his bridle rein.
20Beni-yé. Scene from a drama. Sawamura Soju̅ro̅ as Sasaki no Saburo̅ and Nakamura Tomiju̅ro̅ as Mago no Koroku.

FURUYAMA MOROMASA

Pupil, and perhaps the son, of Moronobu. He devoted himself chiefly to painting, but designed a few prints, most of which are ukiyé, or perspective pictures, in the style of Okumura Masanobu.

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21Large hand-coloured ukiyé, or perspective print. A game of ken in a room in a nobleman's house.

OKUMURA MASANOBU

One of the most eminent of the Ukiyoé artists. His drawings were greatly admired for their rare combination of force and refinement, and he exercised wide influence over his contemporaries and successors to the end of the eighteenth century. He was the first artist to use blocks from which prints were coloured in flat tints. These were printed in the red known as beni, green, and black, and were known as beni-yé. He was also the first artist to make the tall, narrow pillar prints (ha-shira-yé), and was the inventor of the perspective prints which he called ukiyé. His true name was Okumura Genpachi, and he was commonly known as honya (bookseller) Genpachi, from the fact that he was the proprietor of a wholesale and retail book and print shop at the sign of the “red gourd” in Tori-shio cho̅, Yedo.

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22Large sumi-yé. Woman seated by a writing-table, reading a book.
23Urushi-yé. Bando Hikosaburo as a warrior resisting the opening of a castle door.
24Tall beni-yé. A geisha playing upon a samisen.
25Large sumi-yé. A woman with a pet cat watching a man dip water from a chozubachi.

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26Large beni-yé. Segawa Kikunojo̅ as an oiran lighting her pipe at a hibachi in the hands of her kamuro, and Sannogawa Ichimatsu as a man holding an umbrella over her.
27Undivided beni-yé triptych. Street scene. A boy kneeling to put on a woman's geta; a man playing upon a shakuhachi; and another man carrying an umbrella.
28Undivided triptych. Three women carrying umbrellas.

OKUMURA TOSHINOBU

Toshinobu, the son of Masanobu, was an artist of decided talent who died young. His known works, which resemble those of his father, are all urushi-yé, and were designed about 1730-1736.

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29Ichimura Uzaemon as a dancing-girl.
30Woman dressing.
31Sanjo Kentaro̅ in a female rôle.

TSUNEKAWA SHIGENOBU

An early Ukiyoé artist of whom little is known. His prints are extremely rare.

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32Urushi-yé. Arashi Wakano in the rôle of Shida no Kotaro̅.

NISHIMURA SHIGENAGA

Son of Shigenobu. Born in 1697 and died in 1756. An artist of ability who exercised marked influence upon the development of the school. His prints are very uneven in quality.

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33Tall hand-coloured print. The actor Sannogawa Ichimatsu as a woman holding a folded letter.

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34Urushi-yé. Segawa Kikunojo as a woman holding a warrior's helmet.
35Beni-yé. Procession of the Corean ambassadors.

ISHIKAWA TOYONOBU

One of the most important of the Ukiyoé masters. Born in 1711, died in 1785. Pupil of Shigenaga, and probably of Masanobu whose style he closely assimilated.

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36Large beni-yé. The actors Segawa Kikunojo and Sannogawa Ichimatsu.

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37Wide print from three colour-blocks. Women and children at the seashore.

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38Tall hand-coloured print. Segawa Kikunojo̅ as a woman reading a letter.
39Two sheets from a beni-yé triptych. Musume carrying umbrellas.

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40Beni-yé. Mother and son.
41Print from three colour-blocks. Boys rolling a large snowball.
42Print from three colour-blocks. Man struggling with a refractory umbrella; a woman looking on.

TORII KIYOHIRO

KIYONAGA. Picnic Party.

Pupil of Kiyomasu. His known works are exclusively beni-yé, executed from about 1745 to about 1755.

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43Beni-yé. Nakamura Hatsugoro̅ as Sakura no Suké.

TORII SHIRO

Known as Kiyonobu the second, all of his prints being signed Torii Kiyonobu. He was the eldest son of Kiyomasu. Worked from about 1740 to about 1755, when it is probable that his death occurred. Some of the most charming of the beni-yé prints are from his hand.

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44Beni-yé. Yamamoto Iwanojo̅ as a woman dancing by a fox-trap in a rice field under a blossoming cherry tree.

TORII KIYOMITSU

Second son of Kiyomasu, whom he succeeded as the head of the Torii line. An artist of distinction. Was the first to add a third colour-block to the original two. He was born in 1735 and died in 1785. After 1765 he designed only a few prints, and appears to have designed none later than about 1768.

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45Wide print from three colour-blocks. The No̅ performance of “Musume Do̅jo̅ji.”
46Wide print from three colour-blocks. Daimyo procession game by women and children.
47Print from three colour-blocks. Iwai Hanshiro̅ as a woman reading a letter while seated upon a carabao.
48Beni-yé. Scene from a drama. Ichimura Kamezo̅ (standing) as Wakemi Goro̅ and Nakamura Tomiju̅ro̅ as Akoya.

SUZUKI HARUNOBU

The central figure in Ukiyoé and the eminent master under whose hand the art of colour-printing was brought to perfection in the sixties of the eighteenth century. He was a draughtsman of extreme elegance and power, and his works have a charm that is peculiarly their own. He died on July 7, 1770, when, says Shiba Kokan in his book “Kokan Kokai-ki,” he “had hardly passed his fortieth year.”

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49Girl attendant in an archery gallery gathering up arrows. One sheet of a diptych.
50A young woman showing a caged bird to a young man seated before her, and surreptitiously taking a love letter from him.
51A vendor of fan mounts stopping to talk to a young woman standing in front of a shop.
52Hashira-yé. Woman writing a love letter.
53Hashira-yé. Woman holding a pet dog.
54Burlesque scene. Girls carrying Daikoku (the genius of wealth—one of the “Seven Fortune-beings”).

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55Girls carrying Daikoku. A later impression with different colouring.
56An archer and two girls near a screen. Calendar for 1765.
57Young woman before a torii, carrying a hammer and nails with which to perform an incantation.
58Two young women on their way to the public bath-house through a storm of snow and rain.
59Two girls on a terrace near a torii, in the time of the cherry-blossoming.
60Two girls gathering mume flowers from a tree overhanging a wall.
61Woman reading a letter by the light of an andon (portable lamp with wind screen) which another woman is trimming.
62Geisha and a young girl standing on the bank near the rapids of the Tamagawa.
63Young woman seated in a window, conversing with another young woman seated on the floor and holding a picture-book.
64Young man removing snow from the geta of a young woman.
65Woman lying upon the floor of a room, reading a book, and another woman standing beside her, holding a pipe.
66Young woman seated on a veranda after her bath, having her back massaged by her maid.
67Young man talking to a girl through the bars of a window.
68A burlesque apparition of Fugen. Instead of the Buddhist divinity, a young woman seated on an elephant appears on a cloud before a priest kneeling in prayer.
69Lovers walking in the snow under an umbrella. One of Harunobu's most distinguished prints.

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70The Sleeping Elder Sister. First state. Early impression signed by the printer, Kyosen.

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71The Sleeping Elder Sister. Second state. Changes made in the blocks and colouring.

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72The Sleeping Elder Sister. Still later impression. Colouring changed again, and the number of blocks increased from ten to thirteen.

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73The Hole in the Wall.
74Mother holding her infant son.
75At the entrance gate.
76Mother taking her infant son from another woman and handing her a letter.
77Lovers in a palace.

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78Musume walking up a flight of steps leading to a temple.
79Lovers playing battledore and shuttlecock; the young man climbing a ladder to disengage the shuttlecock caught upon the branch of a mume tree.
80Hashira-yé. Woman in night attire standing by her bedside reading a letter.

SHIBA KOKAN

An artist who is best known as a clever imitator of his master, Harunobu, whose signature he forged upon a number of prints. He also used the “go̅,” or studio name, Harushige in signing prints in the Harunobu manner. In later years he painted pictures in semi-European style, and made copper-plate engravings which were coloured by hand. He was born in 1747 and died in 1818.

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81The courtyard of a house in the Yoshiwara. A woman reading a letter and a girl attendant standing beside her holding a tray. Signed Harunobu.

SHOSHOKEN

This is the pseudonym of an artist of distinction whose identity has not been determined. His known works are calendar prints for 1765.

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82Stout lady crossing a room in a palace supported by two attendants. The use of gold leaf is notable.

KITAO SHIGEMASA

One of the noted artists of the school. Was famous for his skill as a calligrapher, being reputed to have no superior in his day in either of the “three capitals,” Yedo, Kyoto, or Osaka. His prints, which are rare, are generally of much distinction. He was born in 1740, and died in the second month of Bunsei 3 (February or March, 1820).

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83Children's puppet show.

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84Beni-yé. Segawa Kikunojo̅ and Ichimura Uzaemon as Izumo no Okuni and Nagoya Sanza, two komuso, playing upon shaku-hachi.

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85Two geishas.

ISODA KORYUSAI

The most important pupil of Harunobu, whose style he followed closely in his early works. Later he developed a manner of his own. As a designer of pillar prints and of prints of birds, he was especially successful. He was a samurai and associated with samurai of the superior class. The director of the mint was one of his most intimate friends and patrons. About 1781 he gave up print-designing, devoted himself to painting, and was given the honorary title of Hokyo. The dates of his birth and death are not known.

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86Hashira-yé. Musume leaping from the balcony of Kiyomidzu temple with an umbrella as a parachute.
87Woman standing on the engawa of a house, admiring snow-laden bamboo branches; back of her, a girl and a young boy looking through a window.
88A Yoshiwara beauty arranging flowers; two girl attendants looking on.

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89Hashira-yé. Musume carrying her infant brother.
90Hashira-yé. Young woman poling a boat in a lily-pond.

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91A Yoshiwara beauty on parade, attended by a girl and a boy.
92Hashira-yé. The bijin Juro̅jin. A young woman is represented in place of the long-life being whose attributes are a crane and a tortoise.

KATSUKAWA SHUNSHO

A contemporary of Harunobu and one of the greatest of the Ukiyoé artists. He was highly renowned in his day and had many pupils who became famous. Most of his prints were portraits of actors in character. He was born in 1726 and died on January 22, 1793.

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93Segawa Kikunojo as a woman holding a red fan.
94Two actors in character. The seated figure is Danju̅ro̅, the leading “star” of the Yedo stage.

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95Actor in a female rôle.

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96Iwai Hanshiro̅ as a woman standing and holding a fan behind her.
97Yamashita Kinsaku in a female rôle.
98Actor of the Ichikawa line in the rôle of Shibaraku at the Ichimura theatre.
99O̅tani Hiroji as an Amazake vendor.
100Hashira-yé. Nobleman carrying a court lady on his back. Probably a parody upon the suicide of Ohan and Choyaemon.
101Wide hashira-yé. The Woman in Red.

IPPITSUSAI BUNCHOÌ

An artist of samurai rank who, for a few years, designed actor prints in the manner of Shunsho, which have great distinction of style and colour. He was celebrated also as a writer of comic odes. He died on May 18, 1796.

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BUNCHO. Actor as Woman talking to Men.

102Bando Hikosaburo as a woman of the Yoshiwara talking to a group of men through the misé.
103Nakamura Tomiju̅ro̅ as Josan no Miya.

KIYONAGA. Man and two Women approaching Temple.

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104A Yoshiwara beauty accompanied by her kamuro (girl attendant) bearing a cage of fireflies.

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105Ichikawa Korazo̅ as a man carrying an actor's dressing-case.

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106Scene from a drama. Yamashita Kinsaku as a woman holding a roll of paper, conversing with Ichikawa Komazo̅, who holds a letter in his hand.

KATSUKAWA SHUNKOÌ

Pupil of Shunsho and generally regarded as his most talented follower. His career as a print-designer was cut short by a stroke of paralysis when he was in his forty-fifth or forty-sixth year, but he lived for about [pg 43] forty years thereafter as a recluse at Zenfukuji temple, Azabu, Yedo, where he died in 1827.

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107Iwai Hanshiro in a female rôle.
108The actor Ichikawa Monnosuke.
109Nakamura Tomijūro̅ as a tsuzumi player.

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110Arashi Tatsuzo as a woman flower-vendor.

KATSUKAWA SHUNYEI

Pupil of Shunsho̅ and an artist of ability. At first, for a short time, he called himself Shunjo̅. He was born in 1767, and died on December 13, 1819.

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111A bijin.

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112Ichikawa Monnosuke in a female rôle.

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113Scene from the tenth act of “Chushingura.”
114Ichikawa Komazo̅.

UTAGAWA TOYOHARU

Pupil of Toyonobu. As a painter his reputation is justly high. He did not design many prints. He was born in 1735 and died on March 3, 1814.

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114Cock, hen and chickens.

TORII KIYONAGA

Everything considered, the greatest artist of the Ukiyoé school and the culminating figure in its forward movement. He was born in 1742 and died in 1815. His finest prints were designed between 1780 and 1790.

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116The Writing-lesson.
117Fair travellers resting on a bench by the roadside.

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118Two geishas entertaining a young man.
119Court ladies on the engawa of a palace.

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120Three girls going to the baths at the hot springs near Miyanoshita.
121Man and two women masquerading in komuso̅ attire.
122Group of three women and a boy.
123Two women standing beside a seated geisha who is playing on a samisen.
124Yoshiwara beauty attended by two women (shinzo) and two girls (kamuro).
125Two young women and a servant on the balcony of an inn.
126Family group on their way to a temple for the naming ceremony of the boy who is carried on the shoulders of an attendant.
127An actor and two women examining utensils for the tea ceremony.
128Women and children promenading in summer costume.
129Scene from a drama. Two actors playing the game of “go” with mume blossoms, and a third actor as a woman in the rôle of an umpire standing between them.
130Two young women walking under an umbrella and followed by a servant.
131Man in a black haori approaching a temple through the snow, accompanied by two women.
132Diptych. Group of women under a cherry tree.
133Diptych. Holiday group under the cherry trees at Gotenyama. One of a series of twelve diptychs that are among Kiyonaga's finest works.
134Boating party under Ryogoku bridge. Two sheets of a triptych.
135Triptych. The Peony (botan) Show.
136Triptych. Women landing from a pleasure boat.

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137Hashira-yé. Woman in winter costume.
138Triptych. A picnic party under the cherry trees.
139Group of women on the bank of the Sumida river.
140Group of women near a temple.
141Three women at a public bath-house.

KATSUKAWA SHUNCHO

Pupil of Shunsho̅. Followed the style of Torii Kiyonaga. His works closely resemble those of the Torii master, but have less force. Worked from about 1775 to about 1795. In some of his later prints he imitated Eishi's prints in the Utamaro manner. The dates of his birth and death are not known.

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142One sheet of a triptych showing a nobleman's mansion from the garden, with the people engaged in various occupations.

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143Women watching girls bouncing balls.
144Diptych. Group at the entrance to a temple.
145Three women in a temple compound.

SHUNCHO. Women watching Girls bouncing Balls.

[pg 46]

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146Group of girls at a tea booth by the seashore.

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147A picnic party. Two sheets of a triptych.
148Women picking wild flowers under a cherry tree in bloom.

HOSODA EISHI

One of the foremost artists of the school. He was a samurai of high rank, and a pupil of Kano Eisen. For three years before he took to Ukiyoé he held an official post in the household of the shogun Iyeharu. Eishi was a master of all the resources of the art of colour-printing and his prints are characterized by great elegance and refinement. He worked from about 1782 to 1800, when he gave up print-designing. He died in 1829.

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149Triptych. Eight women and a man playing the game of “Catch the fox.”
150Group of Yoshiwara women and attendants.
151Someyama and her kamuro playing with a pet dog.
152Yoshiwara women admiring a branch of mume tree with unopened flower buds.
153Triptych. Fête in a nobleman's palace. Ladies composing poems.

EISHI. Fête in a nobleman's palace.

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154Another copy of the foregoing triptych. Shows how beautifully the purple changes by chemical decomposition.

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155Oiran and attendants on parade.

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156A Yoshiwara beauty. Ink proof of the key block.
157Two women entering a room in the palace of Prince Genji, where a young girl is seated playing with a kitten.

YEISHOSAI CHOKI

An artist of ability, though not quite of the first rank. His prints are rare. He worked at first in the style of Kiyonaga. Later he imitated Utamaro, and changed his “go̅,” or studio name, to Momokawa Shiko.

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158Woman and child catching fireflies.

TOSHUSAI SHARAKU

This artist was by profession a performer of the stately and aristocratic No dramas in the service of Hachisuka, Daimyo of Awa. During the period from about 1790 to 1795 he designed a small number of caricature portraits of actors, which have great force and distinguished character.

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159The actor[7] Tanimura Torazo̅ in the rôle of Kakogawa Honzo̅.
160Ichikawa Ebizo̅ in the rôle of Ko no Moronao. This print bears an inscription, probably contemporary, giving the date 1794.
161Onoe Matsusuke as one of the Loyal Ronin.
162Rando Hikosaburo̅ in the rôle of Yuranosuke.
163Iwai Hanshiro̅ in the rôle of Oishi, wife of Yuranosuke.
164Ichikawa Monnosuke as one of the Loyal Ronin.
165Morita Kanya as one of the Loyal Ronin.
166Segawa Tominojo̅ in the rôle of Kaoyo Gozen, wife of Yenya.
167Sawamura Soju̅ro̅ in the rôle of Yenya Hanguwan.
168Arashi Tatsuzo̅ in the rôle of Yoichibei.
169Sakata Hangoro̅ as Ten-ichi-bo̅ Hotaku.
170Segawa Tominojo̅ and Nakamura Manju̅ro̅ in female rôles.
171Nakajima Utaemon and Nakamura Konozo̅.
172Ichikawa Omezo̅ in the rôle of Sukeroku.
173Matsumoto Koshiro̅ in the rôle of the otokadaté Banzuin Chobei. This print is commonly known as “The man with the pipe.”
174Matsumoto Yonesaburo̅ in the rôle of Okaru, wife of Kampei.
175Ichikawa Yaozo̅ in the rôle of Hayano Kampei.
176Kosagawa Tsuneyo̅ in the rôle of Tonasé, wife of Kakogawa Honzo̅.
177O̅tani Oniji in the rôle of Sadakuro.
178Sannogawa Ichimatsu in a female rôle.
178aNakayama Tomisaburo̅ in the rôle of Komurasaki, and Ichikawa Komazo̅ as her lover, Shirai Gompachi, walking with her under a huge umbrella.

SHARAKU. Two Actors.

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179Segawa Tominojo̅.

KITAGAWA UTAMARO

One of the most gifted and most widely known of the Ukiyoé masters. Extraordinarily facile and brilliant. Born in 1753 and died in 1806.

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180Triptych. Imaginative view of a fête in a Chinese palace. It is a medley of Chinese and Japanese details intended as a take-off upon the treatment of Chinese subjects by the painters of the classic schools.
181The hour of the Boar (9 to 12 P.M.). One of a set illustrating the twelve hours into which the Japanese day is divided.
182Diptych. Women in a nobleman's palace, painting kakemono.
183Yoshiwara beauties on parade.
183aA sheet from the “Washing day” triptych.
184Woman helping a man attire himself in ceremonial dress.
185Woman bending over to see a baby which another woman is nursing while seated before a mirror, arranging her hair.
186Woman talking to a fan-mount vendor.
187Triptych. The persimmon-gatherers.
188Triptych. Procession of a noble lady and women attendants on their way to a temple, bearing offerings.

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189Triptych. Shadows on the shoji. Illustrations of three effects of sake (rice wine).
190Woman arranging flowers.
191The kitchen. One sheet of a diptych.
192A night excursion. One of Utamaro's most famous prints.

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193Hairdresser combing a girl's hair.
194Woman with a young boy on her back, watching three puppies at play.

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195Kitao Masanobu drunk with sake at a fête in a daimyo's palace. Part of a triptych.

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196Woman wearing a black zukin, and a maid bearing a lantern.
197Woman standing on a pier, holding an umbrella, and conversing with a man seated under the canopy of a boat.
198Woman bearing a teacup on a lacquer stand.
199Woman raising the mosquito netting over her bed to read a letter by the light of an andon.
200Three performers in a niwaka, or burlesque theatrical procession, in the streets of the Yoshiwara.
201Woman holding in her mouth a “pokan-pokan”—a musical toy of thin glass which makes a peculiar sound when air is blown through it.
202Triptych. Boating party.
203Triptych. The awabé divers of Isé.
204Triptych. Women and children on a bridge.

UTAMARO. Woman with a Musical Toy.

UTAGAWA TOYOKUNI

A brilliant artist of high repute in his day. Some of his prints, especially the earlier ones, are of distinguished quality. He was born in 1769 and died on February 24, 1825.

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205Triptych. Street scene in the Yoshiwara.
206Large head of an actor.

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207The actor Koraiya.

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208Musume raising a large umbrella.
209Triptych. Women in a public bath-house.

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210Triptych. The Six Tamagawa, represented by six women washing strips of cloth in a rapid-flowing stream.

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211Woman accompanied by a maid carrying a lantern.
212Triptych. Lady emerging from a kago; her attendants grouped about her.

TOYOKUNI. Women in Bath House.

KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI

A master of extraordinary versatility and power. Perhaps the most widely known of all the Japanese artists. He was born in 1760 and died in the spring of 1849.

213Winter landscape.
214Cranes on a snow-laden pine tree.
215Iris.
216Turtles swimming.

LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.

217Fuji san seen beneath a wave of the sea at Kanazawa. Hokusai's famous “wave.”

LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.

218View of Fuji from Ushibori; a large boat moored in the foreground.

HOKUSAI. Fuji from Ushibori.

LENT BY A COLLECTOR

219Winter landscape.