Table of Contents
Chapter I
[General Description of the Archipelago]
- Geographical features of the Islands. Limits. Mountains. 13
- Rivers. Lakes. Volcanoes. Eruptions of the Mayon and Taal Volcanoes. 14
- Monsoons. Seasons. Temperature. Rains. Climate. Earthquakes. 22
Chapter II
[Discovery of the Archipelago]
- Hernando de Maghallanes. Treaty of Tordesillas. 24
- Discovery of Magellan Straits and the Ladrone Islands. 27
- Death of Maghallanes. Elcanoʼs voyage round the world. 28
- The Loaisa expedition. The Villalobos expedition. Andrés de Urdaneta. 31
- Miguel de Legaspi; his expedition; he reaches Cebú; dethrones King Tupas. 33
- Manila is proclaimed the capital of the Archipelago. 36
- Martin de Goiti. Juan Salcedo. Native Local Government initiated. 37
Chapter III
[Philippine Dependencies, Up To 1898]
- The Ladrone, Caroline, and Pelew Islands. 39
- First mission to the Ladrone Islands. Pelew Islanders. Caroline Islanders. 40
- Spainʼs possession of the Caroline Islands disputed by Germany. 44
- Posadillo, Governor of the Caroline Islands, is murdered. 45
- The Ladrone, Caroline, and Pelew Islands (except Guam) sold to Germany. 46
Chapter IV
[Attempted Conquest by Chinese]
- Li-ma-hong, a Chinese corsair, attacks Manila. 47
- He settles in Pangasinán; evacuates the Islands. 49
- Rivalry of lay and Monastic authorities. Philip II.ʼs decree of Reforms. 51
- Manila Cathedral founded. Mendicant friars. Archbishopric created. 55
- Supreme Court suppressed and re-established. Church and State contentions. 57
- Murder of Gov.-General Bustamente Bustillo. The monks in open riot. 60
Chapter V
The Catholic Missions
- The Emperor of Japan demands the surrender of the Islands. 63
- Fray Pedro Bautistaʼs mission; he and 25 others are crucified. 65
- Jesuit and Franciscan jealousy. The martyrsʼ mortal remains lost at sea. 67
- Emperor Taycosama explains his policy. Further missions and executions. 68
- Missionary martyrs declared saints. Emperor of Japan sends a shipment of lepers. 70
- Spaniards expelled from Formosa by the Dutch. Missions to Japan abandoned. 71
Chapter VI
- The Spanish expedition to the Moluccas fails. 72
- Chinese mutiny, murder the Spanish leader, and take the ship to Cochin China. 73
- Expeditions of Bravo de Acuna and Pedro de Heredia. Battle of Playa Honda. 74
- Koxinga, a Chinese adventurer, threatens to attack the Colony. 76
- Vittorio Riccio, an Italian monk, visits Manila as Koxingaʼs ambassador. 77
- Chinese goaded to rebellion; great massacre. 77
- Vicissitudes of Govs.-General. Defalcations. Impeachments. 78
- Gov.-General Fajardo de Tua kills his wife and her paramour. 80
- Separation of Portugal and Spain (1640). Spanish failure to capture Macao. 81
- Nunneries. Mother Ceciliaʼs love adventures. Santa Clara Convent. 81
- The High Host is stolen. Inquisition. Letter of Anathema. 82
- The Spanish Prime Minister Valenzuela is banished to Cavite. 83
- Monseigneur Maillard de Tournon, the Papal Legate. 84
- His arrogance and eccentricities; he dies in prison at Macao. 85
- Question of the Regium exequatur. Philip V.ʼs edict of punishments. 86
Chapter VII
[British Occupation of Manila]
- Coalition of France and Spain against England by the “Family Compact.” 87
- Simon de Anda y Salazár usurps the Archbishop-Governorʼs authority. 88
- British bombard Manila. Archbishop-Governor Rojo capitulates. 89
- British in possession of the City. Sack and pillage. Agreed Indemnity. 90
- Simon de Anda y Salazár defies Governor Rojo and declares war. 91
- British carry war into the provinces. Bustos opposes them. 92
- Bustos completely routed. Chinese take the British side. 93
- Massacre of Chinese. Villa Cortaʼs fate. The Philipino treasure. 94
- Simon de Anda y Salazár offers rewards for British heads. 95
- Austin friars on battle-fields. Peace of Paris (Feb. 10, 1763). 96
- Archbishop-Governor Rojo dies. La Torre appointed Gov.-General. 97
- British evacuate Manila. La Torre allows Anda to receive back the City. 98
- Anda goes to Spain; is rewarded by the King; returns as Gov.-General. 99
- Anda is in conflict with the out-going Governor, the Jesuits, and the friars. 99
- Anda dies in hospital (1776). His burial-place and monument. 100
- Rebellion succeeds the war. Ilocos Rebellion led by Diego de Silan. 100
- Revolt in Bojol Island led by Dagóhoy. 101
- Revolts in Leyte Island, Surigao (Mindanao Is.), and Sámar Island. 102
- Rebellion of “King” Málong and “Count” Gumapos. 103
- Rebellion of Andrés Novales. Execution of A. Novales and Ruiz. 104
- Apolinario de la Cruz declares himself “King of the Tagálogs.” 105
- General Marcelo Azcárraga, Spanish War Minister, Philippine born. 105
- The Cavite Conspiracy of 1872. The Secret Society of Reformers. 106
- The Philippine Martyrs, Dr. Búrgos and Fathers Zamora and Gomez. 107
- Illustrious exiles—Dr. Antonio M. Regidor and José M. Basa. 108
Chapter VIII
- The China-Manila trade in the days of Legaspi. 109
- The Alcayceria. The Parian. Chinese banished. Restrictions. 110
- The Chinese as immigrants; their comparative activity. 112
- Chinese mandarins come to seek the “Mount of Gold” in Cavite. 114
- The Chinese are goaded to revolt. Saint Francisʼ victory over them. 115
- Massacre of Foreigners. The Chinese Traders; their Guilds. 116
- Chinese patron saint; population. The Sangley. The Macao. 118
- Restrictions on Chinese immigration. Their gradual exclusion. 119
Chapter IX
- The Aetas or Negritos or Balugas. 120
- The Gaddanes. The Itavis. The Igorrotes. The Ibanacs. 122
- Attempt to subdue the Igorrotes. Its failure. 124
- The Calingas. The Igorrote-Chinese. The Tinguianes. 125
- The Basanes. The Manguianes. The Hindoos. Albinos. 128
Chapter X
[Mahometans and Southern Tribes]
- Early history of the Mahometans, called Moros. 129
- The First Expedition against the Mindanao Moros. 130
- Gov.-General Corcuera effects a landing in Sulu Island. 131
- The scourge of Moro Piracy. Devastation of the coasts. Captives. 132
- Zamboanga Fort; cost of its maintenance. Fighting Friars. 133
- Vicissitudes of Sultan Mahamad Alimudin. 134
- The Sultan appeals to his suzerainʼs delegate and is made prisoner. 134
- His letter to Sultan Muhamad Amirubdin. 135
- The charges against the Sultan. Extermination of Meros decreed. 136
- Mindanao and Sulu Moros join forces. Extermination impossible. 137
- The Treaty with Sultan Mahamad Alimudin. 138
- The Claveria and Urbiztondo expeditions against Moros. 139
- Gov.-General Malcampo finally annexes Joló (1876). 140
- Spain appoints Harun Narrasid Sultan of Sulu (1885). 141
- The ceremony of investiture. Opposition to the nominee. 142
- Datto Utto defies the Spaniards. Terreroʼs expedition (Jan., 1887). 143
- Colonel Arolasʼ victory at Maybun (Sulu Is.) (April, 1887). 144
- The Marahui Campaign (1895). The Moro tribes. 145
- The Juramentado. Moro dress; character; arts; weapons. 146
- Moro customs. The Pandita. The Datto. 148
- Joló (Sulu) town. H.H. the Sultan of Sulu. 149
- A juramentado runs amok. Across Sulu Island to Maybun. 152
- The Sultanʼs official reception. Subuános of Zamboanga. 154
- Climate in the South. Palaúan Island. Spanish settlers. 157
- Across Palaúan Island. The Tugbanúas tribe. 158
- Their dress, customs, and country. 159
- Efforts to colonize Paláuan Island. The Moro problem. 160
Chapter XI
[Domesticated Natives—Origin—Character]
- Theory concerning the first inhabitants of these Islands. 163
- Their advent before the Spanish Conquest. 165
- Japanese and Chinese early immigrants. 166
- Native character; idiosyncracies and characteristics. 167
- Notion of sleep. “Castila!”. 169
- Tagálog and Visayo hospitality. The nativeʼs good qualities. 172
- Native aversion to discipline; bravery; resignation; geniality. 175
- Mixed races. Native physiognomy; marriages; minorsʼ rights. 176
- Family names. The Catapúsan. 179
- Dancing; the Balitao; the Comitan. The Asuan. 180
- Mixed marriages. The Half-caste (Mestizo). 181
- The Shrines and Saints. The Holy Child of Cebú. St. Francis of Tears. 183
- Our Lady of Cagsaysay. The Virgin of Antipolo. 184
- Miraculous Saints. Santones. Native Conception of Religion. 187
- Musical talent. Slavery. Education in Spanish times. 190
- The Intellectuals. The Illiterates. State aid for Schools. 192
- The Athenæum. Girlsʼ Colleges. St. Thomasʼ University. 194
- The Nautical School. The provincial student. Talented natives. 195
- Diseases. Leprosy. Insanity. Death-rate. Sanitation. 197
Chapter XII
- Their early co-operation a necessity. 199
- Their power and influence. 200
- Opinions for and against that power. 201
- The Spanish parish priest. Father Piernavieja. 202
- Virtueless friars. Monastic persecution. 204
- The Hierarchy. The Orders. Church revenues and State aid. 206
- Rivalry of Religious Orders. Papal intervention to ensure peace. 209
Chapter XIII
- The Encomiendas. The Trading-Governors. 211
- The Judge-Governors (Alcálde Máyor). The Reforms of 1886. 213
- Cost of Spanish Insular Government. The Provincial Civil Governorʼs duties. 214
- The position of Provincial Civil Governor. Local Funds. Provincial poverty. 216
- Highways and Public Works. Cause of national decay. 218
- Fortunes made easily. Peculations. Town Local Government. 220
- The Gobernadorcillo (petty-governor). The Cabeza de Barangay (Tax-collector). 222
- The Cuadrillero (guard). The Fallas (tax). The Cédula personal. 224
- The Tribunal (town hall). Reforms affecting travellers. 225
Chapter XIV
- Philippine budgets. Curious items of revenue and expenditure. 227
- Spanish-Philippine army, police, and constabulary statistics. 230
- The armed forces in the olden times. 232
- Spanish-Philippine navy and judicial statistics. 233
- Prison statistics. Brigandage. The brigandsʼ superstition. 235
- A chase for brigands. The anting-anting. Pirates. 237
- The notorious Tancad. Dilatory justice. A cause célèbre. 239
- Spanish-Philippine Criminal Law procedure. 241
Chapter XV
[Trade of the Islands from Early Times]
- Its early history. Its State galleons. 243
- The Consulado merchants. The Mexican subsidy. 244
- In the days of the Mexican galleons. The Obras Pias. 245
- Losses of the treasure-laden galleons. Trade difficulties. 246
- The period of restrictions on trade. Prohibitory decrees. 248
- The Manila merchants alarmed; appeal to the King. 249
- Penalties on free-traders. Trading friars. The budget for 1757. 250
- Decline of trade. Spanish trading-company failures. 252
- The Real Compañia de Filipinas; its privileges and failure. 253
- The dawn of free trade. Foreign traders admitted. 254
- Manila port, unrestrictedly open to foreigners (1834), becomes known to the world. 256
- Pioneers of foreign trade. Foreign and Philippine banks. 257
- The Spanish-Philippine currency. Mexican-dollar smuggling. 259
- Ports of Zamboanga, Yloilo, Cebú, and Sual opened to foreign trade. 261
- Mail service. Carrying-trade. Middlemen. Native industries. 263
- The first Philippine Railway. Telegraph service. Seclusion of the Colony. 265
Chapter XVI
- Interest on loans to farmers. Land values and tenure in Luzon Island. 269
- Sugar-cane lands and cultivation. Land-measures. 271
- Process of sugar-extraction. Labour conditions on sugar-estates. 273
- Sugar statistics. Worldʼs production of cane and beet sugar. 275
- Rice. Rice-measure. Rice machinery; husking; pearling; statistics. 276
- Macan and Paga rice. Rice planting and trading. 278
Chapter XVII
- Musa textilis. Extraction and uses of the fibre. Machinery. 281
- Hemp experiments in British India. Cultivation. Qualities. 283
- Labour difficulties. Statistics. Albay province (local) land-measure. 286
- Coffee. Coffee dealing and cultivation. 289
- Tobacco. The Government Tobacco Monopoly. 292
- Tobacco-growing by compulsory labour. Condition of the growers. 294
- Tobacco Monopoly abolished. Free trade in tobacco. 296
- Tobacco-trading risks; qualities; districts. Cigar values. 299
Chapter XVIII
[Sundry Forest and Farm Produce]
- Maize. Cacao-beans. Chocolate. 300
- Cacao cultivation. Castor oil. Gogo. 302
- Camote. Gabi. Potatoes. Mani (pea-nut). Areca-nut. Buyo. 303
- Cocoanuts. Extraction of Tuba (beverage). 304
- Cocoanut-oil extraction. Coprah. Coir. 305
- Nipa palm. Cogon-grass. Cotton-tree. 307
- Buri palm. Ditá. Palma brava. Bamboo. 308
- Bojo. Bejuco (Rattan-cane). Palásan (Bush-rope). 310
- Gum mastic. Gutta-percha. Wax. Cinnamon. Edible Birdʼs-nest. 311
- Balate (Trepang). Sapan-wood. Tree-saps. 312
- Hardwoods; varieties and qualities. 313
- Molave wood tensile and transverse experiments. 315
- Relative strengths of hardwoods. Timber trade. 317
- Fruits; the Mango; the Banana; the Papaw, etc. 318
- Guavas; Pineapples; Tamarinds; the Mabolo. 320
- Sundry vegetable produce. Flowers. 321
- Botanical specimens—curious and beautiful. Orchids. 322
- Firewoods; Locust beans; Amor seco. 324
- Botanical names given to islands, towns etc. 324
- Medicinal herbs, roots, leaves and barks. Perfumes. 325
Chapter XIX
- Coal import. Coal-mining ventures. 326
- Comparative analyses of coal. 328
- Gold-mining ventures. The Paracale and Mambulao mines. 329
- Iron-mining ventures. Failures, poverty and suicide. 332
- Copper. Marble. Stone. Gypsum. Sulphur. Mineral oil. 334
Chapter XX
[Domestic Live-stock—Ponies, Buffaloes, Etc.]
- Ponies. Horses. Buffaloes (carabaos). 336
- Donkeys. Mules. Sheep. Fish. Insects. Reptiles. Snakes. 338
- Butterflies. White ants. Bats. Deer. Wild boars. 340
- Fowls. Birds. The Locust plague. Edible insects. 341
Chapter XXI
- The fortified city. The moats. The drawbridges. 343
- Public buildings in the city. The port in construction. 344
- Manila Bay. Corregidor Island and Marivéles. 345
- The Pasig River. Public lighting. Tondo suburb. 346
- Binondo suburb. Chinese and native artificers. 347
- Easter week. The vehicle traffic. 348
- The Theatres. The Carrillo. The “Moro Moro” performance. 349
- The bull-ring. Annual feasts. Cock-fighting. 350
- European club. Hotels. The Press. Spanish journalism. 351
- Botanical gardens. Dwelling-houses. 353
- Manila society. Water-supply. Climate. 354
- Population of the Islands in 1845; of Manila in 1896. 355
- Typhoons and earthquakes affecting Manila. 356
- Dress of both sexes. A “first-class” funeral. 357
- Excursions from Manila. Los Baños. 359
- The story of Los Baños and Jalajala. The legend of Guadalupe Church. 360
Chapter XXII
[The Tagálog Rebellion of 1896–98]
First Period
- The Córtes de Cadiz. Philippine deputies in the Peninsula. 362
- The Assembly of Reformists. Effect of the Cavite Rising of 1872. 363
- Official acts conducive to rebellion. The Katipunan League. 364
- Arrest of prominent Filipinos. The first overt act of rebellion. 366
- War commences. The Battle of San Juan del Monte. 368
- Execution of Sancho Valenzuela and others. 369
- Andrés Bonifacio heads the movement. He is superseded by Emilio Aguinaldo. 370
- Imus (Cavite) is captured by the rebels. The history of Imus. 372
- Atrocities of the rebels. Rebel victory at Binacayan. 373
- Execution of 13 rebels in Cavite. The rebel chief Llaneras in Bulacan. 374
- Volunteers are enrolled. Tragedy at Fort Santiago; cartloads of corpses. 375
- A court-martial cabal. Gov.-General Blanco is recalled. 376
- The rebels destroy a part of the railway. They threaten an assault on Manila. 377
- General Camilo Polavieja succeeds Blanco as Gov.-General. 378
- General Lachambre, the Liberator of Cavite. Polavieja returns to Spain. 379
- Dr. José Rizal, the Philippine ideal patriot; his career and hopes. 381
- His return to Manila; banishment, liberation, re-arrest, and execution. 383
- The love-romance of Dr. José Rizalʼs life. 387
- General Primo de Rivera succeeds Polavieja as Gov.-General. 389
- The Gov.-General decrees concentration; its bad effect. 391
- The rebels define their demands in an exhortation to the people. 392
- Emilio Aguinaldo now claims independence. 394
- Don Pedro A. Paterno acts as peace negotiator. 395
- The Protocol of Peace between the Rebels and the Gov.-General. 396
- The alleged Treaty of Biac-na-bató (Dec. 14, 1897). 397
- The Primo de Rivera-Paterno agreement as to indemnity payment. 398
- Emilio Aguinaldo in exile. Peace rejoicings. Spain defaults. 399
- The rebel chiefs being in exile, the people are goaded to fresh revolt. 400
- The tragedy of the Calle de Camba. Cebú Island rises in revolt. 401
- The Cebuánosʼ raid on Cebú City; Lutao in flames; piles of corpses. 402
- Exciting adventures of American citizens. Heartrending scenes in Cebú City. 404
- Rajahmudah Datto Mandi visits Cebú. Rebels in Bolinao (Zambales). 406
- Relief of Bolinao. Father Santos of Malolos is murdered. 408
- The peacemaker states his views on the reward he expects from Spain. 409
- Don Máximo Paterno, the Philippine “Grand Old Man”. 411
- Biographical sketch of his son, Don Pedro A. Paterno. 411
- General Basilio Augusti succeeds Primo de Rivera as Gov.-General. 413
- The existence of a Peace Treaty with the rebels is denied in the Spanish Cortés. 414
Chapter XXIII
[The Tagálog Rebellion of 1896–98]
Second Period
American Intervention
- Events leading to the Spanish-American War (April–Aug., 1898). 417
- Events preliminary to the naval Battle of Cavite (May 1, 1898). 419
- Aspirations of the Revolutionary Party. 420
- Revolutionary exhortation denouncing Spain. 421
- Allocution of the Archbishop of Madrid to the Spanish army. 423
- Gov.-General Basilio Augusti issues a call to arms. 424
- His proclamation declaring a state of war with America. 425
- War in the Islands approaching. Flight of non-combatants. 426
- The naval Battle of Cavite. Destruction of the Spanish Fleet. 427
- The Stars and Stripes hoisted at Cavite. 429
- The first news of the naval defeat raises panic in Madrid. 431
- Emilio Aguinaldo returns from exile to Cavite (May 19, 1898). 432
- Revolutionary exhortation to the people to aid America. 433
- In the beleaguered city of Manila. German attitude. 434
- The merchantsʼ harvest. Run on the Banco Español-Filipino. 435
- General Aguinaldo becomes Dictator. Filipinos congratulate America. 436
- Conditions in and around Manila. Señor Paternoʼs pro-Spanish Manifesto. 438
- The revolutionistsʼ refutation of Señor Paternoʼs manifesto. 440
- General Monetʼs terrible southward march with refugees. 445
- Terror-stricken refugeesʼ flight for life. The Macabebes. 446
- The Revolutionary Government proclaimed. Statutes of Constitution. 448
- Message of the Revolutionary President accompanying the proclamation. 454
- The Revolutionistsʼ appeal to the Powers for recognition. 457
- Spain makes peace overtures to America. The Protocol of Peace. 458
- The Americans prepare for the attack on Manila. 460
- The Americans again demand the surrender of Manila. 461
- The Americansʼ attack on Manila (Aug. 13, 1898). 462
- Spainʼs blood-sacrifice for “the honour of the country”. 464
- Capitulation of Manila to the Americans (Aug. 14, 1898). 465
- The Americansʼ first measures of administration in Manila. 467
- Trade resumed. Liberty of the Press. Malolos (Bulacan) the rebel capital. 468
- General Aguinaldoʼs triumphal entry into Malolos. 470
- The Paris Peace Commission (Oct.-Dec., 1898). 471
- Peace concluded in Paris between America and Spain (Dec. 10, 1898). 472
- Innovations in Manila customs. Spanish government in Visayas. 473
- Strained relations between the rebels and the Americans. 475
- Rebels attack the Spaniards in Visayas. The Spaniards evacuate the Visayas. 476
- The end of Spanish rule. The rebelsʼ disagreement. 478
- Text of the Treaty of Peace between America and Spain. 479
Chapter XXIV
[An Outline of the War of Independence Period, 1899–1901]
- Insurgents prepare for the coming conflict. 484
- Anti-American manifesto. The Philippine Republic. 486
- The war begins; the opening shot. Battle of Paco. 487
- Fighting around Manila; Gagalanging. Manila in flames. 489
- Battle of Marilao. Capture of Malolos, the insurgent capital. 490
- Proclamation of American intentions. Santa Cruz (La Laguna) captured. 493
- Effect of the war on public opinion in America. 495
- Insurgent defeat. Calumpit captured. Insurgents ask for an armistice. 496
- Insurgent tactics. General Lawton in Cavite. 499
- Violent death of General Antonio Luna. 501
- General Aguinaldoʼs manifesto; his pathetic allusion to the past. 502
- Insurgents destroy the s.s. Saturnus. Death of General Lawton. 503
- War on the wane. Many chiefs surrender. 505
- Partial disbandment of the insurgent army urged by hunger. 506
- Capture of General Emilio Aguinaldo (March 23, 1901). 507
- He swears allegiance to America. His home at Canit (Cavite Viejo). 509
Chapter XXV
[The Philippine Republic in the Central and Southern Islands]
- The Spaniards evacuate Yloilo (Dec., 1898). Native Government there. 511
- General Miller demands the surrender of Yloilo. The Panay army. 512
- Riotous insurgent soldiery. Flight of civilians. 513
- The Yloilo native Government discusses the crisis in open assembly. 514
- Mob riot. Yloilo in flames. Looting, anarchy, and terrorism. 515
- Bombardment of Yloilo. The American forces enter and the insurgents vanish. 516
- Surrender of insurgent leaders. Peace overtures. “Water-cure”. 517
- Formal surrender of the Panay army remnant at Jaro (Feb. 2, 1901). 518
- Yloilo town. Native Government in Negros Island. Peaceful settlement. 519
- An armed rabble overruns Negros Island. 521
- Native Government in Cebú Island. American occupation of Cebú City. 522
- Cebuáno insurgents on the warpath. Peace signed with Cebuános. 524
- Reformed government in Cebú Island. Cebú City. 526
- American occupation of Bojol Island. Insurgent rising quelled. 528
- Native Government in Cottabato. Slaughter of the Christians. 529
- The Spaniardsʼ critical position in Zamboanga (Mindanao Is.). 531
- Rival factions and anarchy in Zamboanga. Opportune American advent. 532
- The Rajahmudah Datto Maudi. Zamboanga town. 534
- Sámar and Marinduque Islands under native leaders. 535
- Slaughter of American officers and troops at Balangiga (Sámar Is.). 536
Chapter XXVI
- The approximate number of Spanish prisoners and their treatment. 537
- The Spanish Governmentʼs dilemma in the matter of the prisoners. 538
- Why the prisoners were detained. Baron Du Maraisʼ ill-fated mission. 539
- Further efforts to obtain their release. The captors state their terms. 541
- Discussions between Generals E. S. Otis and Nicolás Jaramillo. 542
- The Spanish commissionersʼ ruse to obtain the prisonersʼ release fails. 543
- The end of the Spaniardsʼ captivity. 544
Chapter XXVII
[End of the War of Independence and After]
- The last of the recognized insurgent leaders. Notorious outlaws. 545
- Apolinario Mabini. Brigands of the old and of the new type. 546
- Ferocity of the new caste of brigands. 548
- The Montalón and Felizardo outlaw bands. 549
- The “Guards of Honour.” The Pulaján in gloomy Sámar. 550
- Army and Constabulary Statistics. Insurgent navy. 553
- Sedition. Seditious plays. 554
- Landownership is conducive to social tranquillity. 555
Chapter XXVIII
- Innovations under American rule. 556
- Clubs. Theatres. Hotels. “Saloons.” The Walled City. 558
- The Insular Government. Feast-days. Municipality. 560
- Emoluments of high officials. The Schurman Commission. 561
- The Taft Commission. The “Philippines for the Filipinos” doctrine. 563
- The Philippine Civil Service. Civil government established. 565
- Constabulary. Secret Police. The Vagrant Act. 567
- Army strength. Military Division. Scout Corps. 569
Chapter XXIX
- The Bates Agreement with the Sultan of Sulu. 571
- The warlike Dattos and their clansmen. 573
- Captain Pershingʼs brilliant exploits around Lake Lanao. 574
- Storming the Cottas. American pluck. 575
- American policy in Moroland. Maj.-General Leonard Wood. 576
- Constitution of the Moro Province. 577
- Municipalities. Tribal Wards. Moro Province finances. 578
- Moro Province armed forces. Gen. Woodʼs victory at Kudaran͠gan. 580
- Datto Pedro Cuevas of Basílan Island. His career. 582
- General Wood in Sulu Island. Panglima Hassan. Major H. L. Scott. 584
- Major Hugh L. Scott vanquishes Panglima Hassan. A bichâra. 585
- Joló town. H.H. The Sultan of Sulu. 587
- American policy towards the Moro chiefs. 588
- The Manguiguinʼs eventful visit to Zamboanga. 589
- Education and progress in the Moro Province. 591
- What the Moro Province needs. The prospect therein. 592
Chapter XXX
[The Spanish Friars, After 1898]
- Free cult. Causes of the anti-friar feeling. 594
- Attitude of the Philippine clergy. Monsignor Chapelle. 596
- The question of the friarsʼ lands. American view. 597
- The American Government negotiates with the Holy See. 599
- The Popeʼs contrary view of the friarsʼ case. 600
- The friarsʼ-lands purchase. The approximate acreage. Monsignor Guidi. 601
- The anti-friar feeling diminishes. The Philippine Independent Church. 602
- The head of the Philippine Independent Church throws off allegiance to the Pope. 604
- Conflict between Catholics and Schismatics. 606
- Aglipayan doctrine. Native clergy. Monsignor Agius. 607
- American education. The Normal School. The Nautical School. 608
- The School for Chinese. The Spanish Schools. 610
- The English language for Orientals. Native politics. 611
- The Philippine Assembly. The cry for “independence”. 612
- The native interpretation of the term “Protection”. 613
- Capacity for self-government. Population. Benguet road. 614
- Census Statistics. Regulations affecting foreign travellers. 616
- Administration of justice. Provincial Courts. Justices of the peace. 618
Chapter XXXI
[Trade and Agriculture Since the American Advent]
- Trade in war-time. After-effect of war on trade and agriculture. 620
- Losses in tilth-cattle. The Congressional Relief Fund. 621
- Fruitless endeavours to replace the lost buffalo herds. 622
- Government supplies rice to the needy. Plantersʼ embarrassments. 623
- Agitation for an Agricultural Bank. Bureau of Agriculture. 624
- Land-tax. Manila Port Works. The Southern ports. 626
- Need of roads. Railway projects. 627
- The carrying-trade. The Shipping Law. Revenue and Expenditure. 628
- The Internal Revenue Law. Enormous increase in cost of living. 630
- “The Democratic Labour Union.” The Chinese Exclusion Act. 632
- Social position of the Chinese in the Islands since 1898. 634
- The new Philippine currency (Peso Conant). 635
- American Banks. The commercial policy of the future. 637
- Trade Statistics. Total Import and Export values. Hemp shipments. 639
- Total Chief Exports. Total Sugar Export. 640
- Tobacco, Cigar, and Coprah shipments. Values of Coprah and Cocoanut-oil. 644
- Sapan-wood, Gum Mastic, and Coffee shipments. 646
- Gold and Silver Imports and Exports. Tonnage. Exchange. 647
- Proportionate table of Total Exports. 648
- Proportionate table of Total Imports. 649
- Proportionate table of Staple Exports and Rice Imports. 650