NOTES
Note 1, page 5. There are about fifty distinct species of oak indigenous to the United States.
Note 2, page 23. The bloom of the dogwood begins to wither and fall with the appearance of the leaves. In the illustration facing page 22 several leaves are seen among the bloom, but they belong to the bough of a neighboring tulip tree.
Note 3, page 47. The juniper berries are in reality transformed cones.
Note 4, page 52. The habit of the firs in early life is shown in the plate facing page 125.
Note 5, page 63. Curiously enough, the old English conception of a forest was chiefly that of a hunting ground, irrespective of the trees growing there. Consequently some forests were very open stretches of ground.
Note 6, page 71. The red-winged blackbird lingers in the Southern States through the winter.
Note 7, page 163. German forestry—and, in a less degree, European forestry also—is indebted to Herr von Salisch for elaborating the idea that forest art can be united with practical, utilitarian forestry. His book on “Forest Esthetics,” which fills a unique place in the literature of forestry, is an exposition of this interesting subject, based upon mature knowledge and experience.
Note 8, page 163. To the reader who is not familiar with the origin of our forest reserves it may be of interest to know how they became established. By an act of Congress of March 3rd, 1891, the President was empowered to segregate from time to time, and for the benefit of the American people, forest areas situated within the limits of the public lands of the United States. In accordance with this act proclamations were issued by Presidents Cleveland, Harrison, and McKinley, reserving forest areas amounting thus far (September 1st, 1901) to 46,398,369 acres, or approximately 72,500 square miles. There are, however, within these areas numerous bona fide holdings of private ownership, in which the owners are carrying on extensive cutting of timber.
The reserves have been placed under the authority of the Commissioner of the General Land Office, Department of the Interior, and are entrusted to the care of specially appointed superintendents, supervisors, and rangers. Some of these forest tracts are now undergoing a careful study by experts in forestry, with the aim of subjecting them to methods of treatment specially adapted to them, in order that they may yield both useful material and a constant revenue, without impairing the productive power or vitality of the forest. The objects will thereby be fulfilled for which these reserves were established.
INDEX TO THE NAMES OF TREES
and the Synonyms in Common Use
By special permission of the Division of Publications, U. S. Department of Agriculture
Note.—Only the trees that have been specially described or compared are included in the index
| COMMON NAME | SCIENTIFIC NAME | PAGE |
| BROADLEAF TREES | ||
| Basswood | Tilia americana Linn. | [113] |
| Syn. American Linden | ||
| Syn. Limetree | ||
| Syn. Whitewood | ||
| Syn. Beetree | ||
| Beech | Fagus atropunicea (Marsh.) Sudworth | [16] |
| Syn. Red Beech | Syn. Fagus ferruginea Ait. | |
| Syn. White Beech | ||
| Big Laurel | Magnolia fœtida (Linn.) Sargent | [24] |
| Syn. Magnolia | Syn. Magnolia grandiflora Linn. | |
| Syn. Bull Bay | ||
| Black Cherry | Prunus serotina Ehrh. | [113] |
| Syn. Wild Black Cherry | ||
| Syn. Wild Cherry | ||
| Syn. Rum Cherry | ||
| California Black Oak | Quercus californica (Torr.) Coop. | [78] |
| Syn. Black Oak | ||
| Canyon Live Oak | Quercus chrysolepis Liebm. | [78] |
| Syn. Live Oak | ||
| Chestnut | Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. | [11] |
| Syn. Castanea vesca β americana Michx. | ||
| Syn. Castanea vulgaris ν americana A. de C. | ||
| Flowering Dogwood | Cornus florida Linn. | 16, 22, 73 |
| Syn. Dogwood | ||
| Syn. Boxwood | ||
| Honey Locust | Gleditsia triacanthos Linn. | 17, 113 |
| Syn. Black Locust | ||
| Syn. Sweet Locust | ||
| Syn. Thorn Locust | ||
| Syn. Three-thorned Acacia | ||
| Hornbeam | Carpinus caroliniana Walt. | [16] |
| Syn. Blue Beech | ||
| Syn. Water Beech | ||
| Syn. Iron wood | ||
| Live Oak | Quercus virginiana Mill. | 6, 110 |
| Syn. Quercus virens Ait. | ||
| Locust | Robinia pseudacacia Linn. | [113] |
| Syn. Black Locust | ||
| Syn. Yellow Locust | ||
| Mountain Ash | Pyrus americana (Marsh.) de C. | [113] |
| Redbud | Cercis canadensis Linn. | 73, 75 |
| Syn. Judas Tree | ||
| Red Maple | Acer rubrum Linn. | 12, 15, 112 |
| Syn. Swamp Maple | ||
| Syn. Soft Maple | ||
| Syn. Water Maple | ||
| Red Oak | Quercus rubra Linn. | [16] |
| Syn. Black Oak | ||
| Sassafras | Sassafras sassafras (Linn.) Karst. | 18, 112 |
| Syn. Sassafras officinale Nees & Eberm. | ||
| Scarlet Oak | Quercus coccinea Muenchh. | [16] |
| Syn. Red Oak | ||
| Syn. Black Oak | ||
| Serviceberry | Amelanchier canadensis (Linn.) | 75, 112 |
| Syn. Juneberry | Medic. | |
| Syn. Shad Bush | ||
| Sugar Maple | Acer saccharum Marsh. | 12, 15 |
| Syn. Hard Maple | Syn. Acer saccharinum Wang. | |
| Syn. Rock Maple | ||
| Syn. Sugar Tree | ||
| Sweet Gum | Liquidambar styraciflua Linn. | 16, 111 |
| Syn. Red Gum | ||
| Syn. Liquidamber | ||
| Sweet Magnolia | Magnolia glauca Linn. | [73] |
| Syn. Sweet Bay | ||
| Syn. White Bay | ||
| Syn. Swamp Laurel | ||
| Syn. Swamp Magnolia | ||
| Tulip Tree | Liriodendron tulipifera Linn. | 16, 24 |
| Syn. Whitewood | ||
| Syn. Sour Gum | ||
| Syn. Pepperidge | ||
| Tupelo | Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. | [16] |
| Syn. Black Gum | Syn. Nyssa multiflora Wang. | |
| Syn. Sour Gum | ||
| Syn. Pepperidge | ||
| White Birch | Betula populifolia Marsh. | [19] |
| Syn. Gray Birch | ||
| White Elm | Ulmus americana Linn. | [21] |
| Syn. American Elm | ||
| Syn. Water Elm | ||
| Syn. Elm | ||
| White Oak | Quercus alba Linn. | 5 |
| Yellow Birch | Betula lutea Michx. f. | [20] |
| Syn. Gray Birch | ||
| CONIFERS | ||
| Arborvitæ | Thuja occidentalis Linn. | [57] |
| Syn. White Cedar | ||
| Syn. Cedar | ||
| Bald Cypress | Taxodium distichum (Linn.) Rich. | 40, 111 |
| Syn. White Cypress | ||
| Syn. Black Cypress | ||
| Syn. Red Cypress | ||
| Syn. Cypress | ||
| Big Tree | Sequoia washingtoniana (Winsl.) Sudworth | [54] |
| Syn. Sequoia | Syn. Sequoia gigantea Decaisne. | |
| Black Hemlock | Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr. | [45] |
| Syn. Tsuga pattoniana (Jeffr.) Engelm. | ||
| Blue Spruce | Picea parryana (André) Parry | [127] |
| Syn. Picea pungens Engelm. | ||
| Bull Pine | Pinus ponderosa Laws. | [39] |
| Syn. Yellow Pine | ||
| Cuban Pine | Pinus heterophylla (Ell.) Sudworth | [37] |
| Syn. Slash Pine | Syn. Pinus cubensis Grieseb. | |
| Syn. Swamp Pine | ||
| Douglas Spruce | Pseudotsuga taxifolia (Lam.) Britton | [48] |
| Syn. Red Fir | Syn. Pseudotsuga douglasii Carr. | |
| Syn. Douglas Fir | ||
| Syn. Yellow Fir | ||
| Syn. Oregon Pine | ||
| Engelmann Spruce | Picea engelmanni Engelm. | [53] |
| Syn. White Spruce | ||
| Hemlock | Tsuga canadensis (Linn.) Carr. | [43] |
| Syn. Spruce | ||
| Syn. Spruce Pine | ||
| Loblolly Pine | Pinus tæda Linn. | [37] |
| Syn. Oldfield Pine | ||
| Syn. Shortleaf Pine | ||
| Lodgepole Pine | Pinus murrayana “Oreg. Com.” | [38] |
| Syn. Tamarack | ||
| Syn. Spruce Pine | ||
| Longleaf Pine | Pinus palustris Mill. | [37] |
| Syn. Longleaved Pine | ||
| Syn. Georgia Pine | ||
| Syn. Yellow Pine | ||
| Syn. Longstraw Pine | ||
| Lowland Fir | Abies grandis Lindl. | 50, 52 |
| Syn. White Fir | ||
| Pitch Pine | Pinus rigida Mill. | [38] |
| Red Fir.—See Douglas Spruce. | ||
| Red Juniper | Juniperus virginiana Linn. | [45] |
| Syn. Red Cedar | ||
| Syn. Cedar | ||
| Syn. Savin | ||
| Redwood | Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Endl. | [54] |
| Syn. Sequoia | ||
| Silver Pine | Pinus monticola Dougl. | [35] |
| Syn. White Pine | ||
| Sugar Pine | Pinus lambertiana Dougl. | 35 |
| Western Hemlock | Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sargent | [45] |
| Syn. Hemlock | Syn. Tsuga mertensiana of authors.(Not Carr.) | |
| White Cedar | Chamæcyparis thyoides (L.) B. S. P. | [57] |
| Syn. Juniper | Syn. Chamæcyparis sphæroidea Spach. | |
| White Pine | Pinus strobus Linn. | 31, 127 |