1—Things on the Earth—Explained by

(a) Anthropology, the Science of Man and His Ancestors, treating of his nature, origin, development, division into races and tribes, society, industry, etc.

(b) Zoölogy, the Science of Animal Life, treating of the "lower animals," and of animal life in general as distinguished from the kingdom of the plants, although the related science of biology deals with both plants and animals, its special subject being the phenomena of life in its widest sense.

(d) Geography, combined with Physiography, the Science of the Face, or Superficies, of the Earth, dealing with lands and seas, rivers and mountains, political divisions, etc. This is covered in our series by the volume on Physiography.

(e) In this compartment several branches of science may be grouped, since they are all the product of study of things encountered on the earth's surface. They are:

Physics, the Science of the Forces of Nature, dealing with the laws of the inanimate world around us, including the phenomena relating to solid, liquid, and gaseous bodies and substances.

Chemistry, the Science of Matter and Its Changes, dealing with the atoms and their constituents, and with the combinations of atoms into molecules to form the various chemical elements, etc.

Electricity and Magnetism, the Science of Power, fundamentally underlying all other branches, and through its investigation of the nature of the constituents of atoms—the electrons—going deeper into the constitution of things than chemistry itself. In fact this science, in some respects, blends with chemistry, although it is quite separate when it deals with the mechanical developments of electromagnetism.

Medicine, the Science of Health, Physiology, the Science of the Body, Psychology, the Science of Human Behavior, Mechanics, the Science of Machinery, etc., also naturally fall into this category of Things on the Earth.