EXAMPLES.
Word or idea expressed by sign: To cut, with an ax.
DESCRIPTION.
With the right hand flattened (X changed to right instead of left), palm upward, move it downward to the left side repeatedly from different elevations, ending each stroke at the same point. Fig. 343.
CONCEPTION OR ORIGIN.
From the act of felling a tree.
Word or idea expressed by sign: A lie.
DESCRIPTION.
Touch the left breast over the heart, and pass the hand forward from the mouth, the two first fingers only being extended and slightly separated (L, 1—with thumb resting on third finger, Fig. 344a). Fig. 344.
CONCEPTION OR ORIGIN.
Double-tongued.
Word or idea expressed by sign: To ride.
DESCRIPTION.
Place the first two fingers of the right hand, thumb extended (N 1, Fig. 345a) downward, astraddle the first two joined and straight fingers of the left (T 1, Fig. 345b), sidewise, to the right, then make several short, arched movements forward with hands so joined. Fig. 345.
CONCEPTION OR ORIGIN.
The horse mounted and in motion.
Word or idea expressed by signs: I am going home.
DESCRIPTION.
(1) Touch the middle of the breast with the extended index (K), then (2) pass it slowly downward and outward to the right, and when the hand is at arm's length, at the height of the shoulder, (3) clinch it (A) suddenly and throw it edgewise toward the ground. Fig. 346.
CONCEPTION OR ORIGIN.
(1) I, personality; (2) motion and direction; (3) locality of my possessions—home.
EXPLANATION OF MARKS.
The following indicative marks are used in the above examples:
·············Dotted lines indicate movements to place the hand and arm in position to commence the sign and not forming part of it.
-------------Short dashes indicate the course of hand employed in the sign, when made rapidly.
— — — — — Longer dashes indicate a less rapid movement.
—— —— —— Broken lines represent slow movement.
> Indicates commencement of movement in representing sign, or part of sign.
× Represents the termination of movements.
☉ Indicates the point in the gesture line at which the hand position is changed.
INDEX.
Abbreviations in signs, [338]
Abnaki, Intelligence communicated by, [369]
Absaroka, Tribal signs for, [458]
Abstract ideas expressed in signs, [348]
Actors, modern, Use of gestures by, [308]
Addison, Gestures of orators, [294]
Æschylus, Theatrical gestures, [286]
Affirmation, Sign for, [286], [454]
Alarm, Signs for, [529], [538]
Alaskan Indians, Dialogue between, [492]
Alaskans, Sign language of the, [313]
Alive, Sign for, [421]
All together, Sign for, [523]
Anger, Sign for, [301]
, Signal for, [529]
Antelope, Signs for, [410]
Antiquity of gesture speech, [285]
Apache pictographs connected with signs, [372]
, Tribal signs for, [459]
Apaches, Smoke signals of the, [538]
Aphasia, Gestures in, [276]
Applause, Signs for, [300]
Application, Practical, of sign language, [346]
Approbation, Sign for, [286]
Arapaho, Tribal signs for, [460]
Arbitrary signs, [340]
Archæologic research connected with sign language, [368]
Argyle, Duke of, Gestures of Fuegans, [293]
Arikara, Tribal signs for, [461]
Arm positions, Outlines of, in sign language, [545]
Arrangement in descriptions of signs, [546]
Art, Modern Italian, exhibiting gestures, [292]
Articulate speech, preceded by gesture, [274], [284]
Artificial articulation, [275], [307]
Asking, Signs for, [291], [297]
Assinaboin, Tribal signs for, [461]
Astute, Sign for, [305]
Athenæus, Account of Telestes, [286]
, Classification of gestures, [285]
Atsina, Tribal signs for, [462]
Attention, Signal for, [539]
Austin, Rev. Gilbert, Chironomia, [289]
Australians, Gestures of, [306]
Authorities in sign language, List of, [401]
Ax, Sign for, [380]
Bad, Signs for, [411]
Banak, Tribal signs for, [462]
Battle, Sign for, [419]
Bear, Signs for, [412]
Bede, The venerable, Treatise on gestures, [287]
Bell, Prof. A. Graham, Vocal articulation of dogs, [275]
Blackfeet, Tribal signs for, [462]
Blind, Gestures of the, [278]
Born, Signs for, [356]
Bossu, M., Signs of the Atakapa, [324]
Brave, Signs for, [352], [364], [414]
Brother, Sign for, [521]
Brule Dakota colloquy in signs, [491]
Buffalo, Sign for, [488]
Signals for, discovered, [532]
Bushmann, J.C.E., Signs of Accocessaws, [324]
Butler, Prof. James D., Italian signs, [408]
Burton, Capt. R.F., Arapaho language, [314]
Cabéça de Vaca, Signs of Timucuas, [324]
Caddo, Tribal sign for, [464]
Camp, Signals for, [532], [539]
Capture, Sign for, [506]
Chesterfield, Lord, Gestures of orators, [311]
Cheyenne, Tribal signs for, [464]
Chief, Signs for, [353], [416]
Child, Signs for, [304], [356]
Children, Gestures of young, [276]
Chinese characters connected with signs, [356], [357]
, Expedient of the, in place of signs, [306]
Chinook jargon, [313]
Chironomia, by Rev. Gilbert Austin, [289]
Cistercian monks, Gestures of the, [288], [364]
Clarke, Mr. Ben., Local source of sign language, [317]
Classic pantomimes, [286]
Collaborators in sign language, List of, [401]
Collecting signs, Suggestions for, [394]
Comanche, Tribal signs for, [466]
Come here, Signals for, [529], [532]
Comédie Française, Gestures of the, [309]
Comparison, Degrees of, in sign language, [363]
Conjunctions in sign language, [367]
Conventionality of signs, [333], [336], [340]
Corbusier, Dr. William H., local source of sign language, [317]
, Sign for strong, [304]
Corporeal gestures generally, [270], [273]
Correspondents, Foreign, on sign language, [407]
Crafty, Sign for, [303]
Cree, Tribal signs for, [466]
Cresollius, Precedence of gestures, [282]
Value of gestures, [280]
Cut with an ax, Sign for, [550]
Dakota calendar, [373], [377], [382], [384]
, Tribal signs for, [467]
Dalgarno, George, Gestures real writing, [355]
Danger, Signals for, [529], [532]
Darwin, Charles, Analysis of emotional gestures, [270]
, Gestures of Fuegans, [293]
Day, Signs for, [371]
Deaf and dumb, American annals of the, [293]
Deaf-Mute College, National, Test of signs at the, [321]
Deaf-mutes, Methodical signs of, [362]
, Milan Convention on instruction of, [307]
, Signs of instructed, [362], [397]
, Signs of uninstructed, [277]
, Sounds uttered by uninstructed, [277]
Death, Signs for, [353], [420], [497]
Deceit, Signs for, [303]
Defiance, Signals for, [530]
Denial of the existence of sign language, Mistaken, [326]
Derision, Sign for, [301]
Dialects, Numerous, connected with gesture language, [294], [306]
Dialogues in sign language, [486]
Dictionary of sign language, Extracts from, [409]
Disappearing Mist, Account of, [327]
Discontinuance of sign language, Circumstances connected with the, [312]
Discourses in signs, [521]
Discovery, Signals for, [533]
Diversities in signs, Classes of, [341]
Divisions of sign language, [270]
Dodge, Col. Richard I., Abbreviations of signs, [339]
, Identity of sign language, [316], [335]
Done, finished, Sign for, [513], [522], [528]
Dorsey, Rev. J. Owen, Mistaken denial of signs, [326]
Doubt, Sign for, [512]
Drink, Sign for, [301], [344], [357]
Dumas, Alexandra, Sicilian signs, [295]
Dupe, Sign for, [305]
Dust signals, [541]
Egyptian characters connected with signs, [304], [355], [357], [358], [359], [370], [379], [380]
Emblems distinguished from signs, [389]
Ethnologic facts connected with signs, [384]
Etymology of words from gestures, [352]
Evening, Signs for, [353]
Evolution, distinguished from invention of sign language, [319], [388]
Exchange, Signs for, [454]
Facial expression generally, [270], [273]
play, giving detailed information, [271]
Fatigue, Sign for, [305]
Fay, Prof. E.A., contributions on signs, [309], [408]
Fear, Sign for, [506]
Female, Signs for, [300], [357]
Ferdinand, King of Naples, speech in signs, [294]
Fingers, Details of position of, in sign language, [392]
, Special significance in disposition of, by Italians, [285]
Fire arrows, Signals by, [540]
Flathead, Tribal signs for, [468]
Fool, Signs for, [297], [303], [345], [505], [506]
Foreign correspondents on sign language, [407]
Fox, Tribal sign for, [468]
Frémont, General J.C., Signs of Pai-Utes and Shoshonis, [324]
Friend, friendship, Signs for, [384], [491], [527]
Gallaudet, President T.H., Facial expression, [271]
, President E.M., Test of Utes in signs, [321], [323]
Gender in sign language, [366]
Gestures as an occasional resource, [279]
as survival of a sign language, [330]
, blind, of the, [278]
, Etymology of words from, [352]
in mental disorder, [276]
, Involuntary response to, [280]
, fluent talkers, of, [279]
Language not proportionate to development of, [293], [314]
low tribes of men, of, [279]
lower animals, of, [275]
modern actors, used by, [308]
modern orators, used by, [311]
young children, of, [276]
Gilbert, G.K., Pueblo etchings, [371], [372], [373]
Glad, Sign for, [495]
Good, Signs for, [424]
Grammar, Sign language with reference to, [359]
Grass, Sign for, [343]
Greek vases, Figures on, explained by modern Italian gestures, [289], [290]
Grow, Sign for, [343]
Habitation, Signs for, [427]
Haerne, Mgr. D. de, Works on sign language, [292]
Hale, Horatio, Mohawk signs, [327]
Halt! Signals for, [530], [535]
Hand positions, Types of, [547]
Hand-shaking, connected with signs, [385]
Harpokrates, Erroneous character for, [304]
Hear, Signs for, [376]
Hénto (Gray Eyes), Wyandot signs, [327]
Heredity, Cases of, in speech, [276], [277]
Hesitation, Signs for, [291]
Hidatsa, Tribal signs for, [469]
History of sign language, [285]
Hoffman, Dr. W.J. Collaboration of, in sign language, [399]
Holmes, W.H., Artistic aid of, [400]
Homomorphy of signs with diverse meanings, [342]
Horn sign, Italian, [298], [299]
Horse, Signs for, [433]
House, Signs for, [427]
Humboldt, Signs of South Americans, [307]
Hunger, Signs for, [304], [485]
Illustration, Scheme of, in sign language, [544]
Illustrations, Examples of, for collaboration on sign language, [550]
Indian, generically, Signs for, [469]
languages, Discussion of, [516]
Indians, Condition of the, favorable to sign language, [311]
, Theories respecting the signs of, [313]
Innuits, Sign language of, [307]
Inquiry, Signs for, [291], [297], [303], [447], [480], [486], [494]
Insult, Sign of, [304]
Interjectional cries, [283]
Interrogation, Mark of, in sign language, [367]
Invention of new signs in sign language, [387]
Involuntary response to gestures, [280]
Isolation, Loss of speech by, [278]
Italians, Modern, Signs of, [285], [305]
Jacker, Very Rev. Edward, Disuse of signs, [325]
Jorio, The canon Andrea de, Works on sign language, [289]
Joy, Signs for, [300]
Justice, Sign for, [302]
Kaiowa, Tribal signs for, [470]
Keep, Rev. J. R., Syntax of Sign language, [360]
Kickapoo, Tribal signs for, [470]
Kin chē-ĕss, Address of, [521]
Knife, Sign for, [386]
Kutine, Tribal signs for, [470]
Language, Primitive, theories upon, [282]
Lately, Signs for, [366]
Lean Wolf's Complaint, in signs, [526]
Leibnitz, Signs connected with philology, [349]
syntax, [360]
Leonardo da Vinci, [292]
Lie, falsehood, Signs for, [345], [393], [550]
Lightning, Signs for, [373]
Lipan, Tribal sign for, [471]
Loss of speech by isolation, [278]
Low tribes of men, Gestures of, [279]
Lower animals, Gestures of, [275]
Lucian, de saltatione, [287]
Man, Sign for, [416]
Mandan, Tribal sign for, [471]
Mano in fica, Neapolitan sign, [300]
Many, Signs for, [445], [496], [524], [535]
Marriage, Signs for, [290]
Maya characters connected with signs, [356], [376]
Medicine, Signs for, [386]
Medicine-man, Signs for, [380]
Mental disorder, Gestures in, [276]
Methodical signs of deaf-mutes, [362]
Mexican characters connected with signs, [357], [375], [377], [380], [382]
Michaëlius, Algonkin signs, [324]
Milan convention on instruction of deafmutes, [307]
Missouri River, Sign for, [477]
Modern use of sign language, [293]
Money, Sign for, [297]
Moose, Sign for, [495]
Moqui pictographs connected with signs, [371], [373]
Morgan, Lewis H., Atsina signs, [312]
Morse, E.S., Japanese signs, [442]
Mother, Sign for, [479]
Motions relative to parts of body in sign language, [393]
Much, Signs for, [446]
Müller, Max, Theories relating to language, [277], [281], [283]
Narratives in sign language, [500]
Natci's narrative in signs, [500]
National Deaf-Mute College, [321], [408]
Natural pantomime, [280]
Na-wa-gi-jig's story in signs, [508]
Neapolitan gestures and signs, [289], [296]-305
Negation of affirmative in sign language, [391]
, Signs for, [290], [299], [300], [304], [355], [440], [494]
Night, Signs for, [358]
Nothing, none, Signs for, [322], [355], [356], [443]
Now, Signs for, [366]
Occasional resource, Gestures as an, [279]
Ojibwa dialogue in signs, [499]
pictographs connected with signs, [371], [372], [376], [380], [381]
, Tribal sign for, [472]
Old man, Sign for, [338]
Omaha colloquy in signs, [490]
Onomatopeia, [283]
Opposite, Signs for, [353]
Opposition in sign language, [364]
Oral language defined, [273]
, primitive, [274]
Orators, modern, Gestures used by, [311]
Origin of sign language, [273]
Osage, Tribal signs for, [472]
Ouray, head chief of Utes, [315], [328]
Pani, Tribal signs for, [472]
Pantomime, Natural, [280]
Pantomimes, Classic, [286]
Partisan, Signs for, [384], [418]
Patricio's narrative in signs, [505]
Peace, Signals for, [530], [534], [535]
, Signs for, [438]
Pend d'Oreille, Tribal sign for, [473]
Period, Mark of, in sign language, [368]
Permanence of signs, [329]
Peruvian characters connected with signs, [371]
Philology, Relation of sign language to, [349]
Phrases in sign language, [479]
Pictographs connected with sign language, [368]
Porter, Prof. Samuel, Thought without language, [277]
Possession, Sign for, [484], [524]
Powell, J.W., Indian orthography, [484]
, Inflexions in Indian languages, [351]
, Linguistic classification, [403]
Prepositions in sign language, [367]
Pretty, Signs for, [300]
Primitive language, Theories upon, [282]
oral language, [274]
Prisoner, Sign for, [345]
Proper names in sign language, [364], [476]
Pueblo pictographs connected with signs, [373]
, Tribal sign for, [473]
Punctuation in sign language, [367]
Quantity, Signs for, [291], [359], [445]
Question, Signs for, [291], [297], [303], [447], [480], [486], [494]
Quintilian, Antiquity of gesture language, [285]
, Powers of gesture, [280]
, Questioning by gesture, [449]
, Rules for gesture, [285]
Rabbit, Sign for, [321]
Rabelais, Forced and mistaken signs, [338]
, Head shaking, [441]
, Primitive language, [282]
, Sign for marriage, [290]
, Signs addressed to women, [310]
, Universal language, [287]
Raffaelle, Attention to gestures, [292]
Railroad cars, Sign for, [322]
Rain myth, Signs for, [344], [357], [372]
Rapport necessary in gestures, [310]
Rejection, Signs for, [298], [299]
Researches in sign language, how made, [395]
Results sought in study of sign language, [346]
Ride, Sign for, [551]
Ruxton, [324]
Sac, or Sanki, Tribal sign for, [473]
Safety, Signals for, [536]
Sahaptin, Tribal sign, for, [473]
Same, similar, Sign for, [385]
Sayce, Prof. A.H., Origin of language in gestures, [283], [284]
Scocciare, Italian sign for, [298]
Seraglio, mutes of the, Gestures of the, [307]
Shawnee, Tribal sign for, [474]
Sheepeater, Tribal signs for, [474]
Shoshone, Tribal signs for, [474]
Sibscota, Mutes of Seraglio, [307]
Sicard, Abbé, Deaf mute signs, [277], [288], [362]
Sicily, Gesture language in, [295]
Sign language, Abstract ideas expressed in, [348]
, Alaskans, of the, [513]
, Antiquity of, [285]
, Apache pictographs connected with, [372]
, Archæologic research connected with, [368]
, Arrangement in description of signs in, [546]
, Australian, [306]
, Authorities in, list of, [401]
, Chinese characters connected with, [356], [357]
, Cistercian monks, of, [283], [364]
, collaborators in, List of, [401]
, comparison, Degrees of, in, [363]
, Conjunctions in, [367]
, Convention, not requiring, [334]
, Corporeal gestures in, [270], [273]
, correspondents, Foreign, on, [407]
, deaf-mutes, of uninstructed, [277]
, dialects, numerous, connected with, [294]
, Dialogues in, [486]
, Dictionary of, Extracts from, [409]
, Discontinuance of, [312]
, Discourses in, [521]
, Egyptian characters connected with, [304], [355], [357]-359, [370], [379], [380]
, Emotional gestures in, [270]
, Ethnologic facts connected with, [384]
evolved rather than invented, [319]
, Facial expression in, [270], [273]
, fingers, Details of position of, in, [392], [547]
, Gender in, [366]
, Grammar connected with, [359]
, hand positions, Types of, in, [547]
, History of, [285]
, illustration, Scheme of, in, [544]
, Indian and deaf-mute, compared, [320]
and foreign, compared, [319]
Special and peculiar is the, [319]
Indians, North American, Once universal among, [324]-326
Conditions favorable to, [311]
Innuits, of the, [307]
, interrogation, Mark of, in, [367]
, Invention of new signs in, [387]
, Italians, modern, of, [285], [305]
, languages, Indian, compared with, [351]
, Maya characters connected with, [356], [376]
, Mexican characters connected with, [357], [375], [377], [380], [382]
, Mistaken denial of existence of, [326]
, Modern use of, [293]
, Modern use of, by other than North American Indians, [320]
, Motions relative to parts of body in, [393], [545]
, Narratives in, [500]
, Negation or affirmative in, [391]
, Ojibwa pictographs connected with, [371], [372], [380], [381]
, Opposition in, [364]
, Oral language not proportioned to development of, [293], [314]
, Origin of, [273]
, Origin of, from a particular tribe, [316]
, Outlines of arm positions in, [545]
, period, Mark of, in, [368]
, Peruvian characters connected with, [371]
, Phrases in, [479]
, Pictographs connected with, [368]
, Practical application of, [346]
, preceded articulate speech, [274], [284]
, Prepositions in, [367]
, Prevalence of Indian system of, [323]
, Proper names in, [364], [476]
, Pueblo pictographs connected with, [373]
, Punctuation, in, [367]
, Philology, relation of, to, [349]
, Researches, Mode in which made on, [395]
, Resemblance to Indian languages, [351]
, Results sought in the study of, [346]
, Seraglio, of the mutes of the, [307]
, Sicilian, [295]
, Sociologic conditions connected with, [293], [304]
, South American, [307]
, Survival of, [306]
, Syntax connected with, [359]
, Tense in, [366]
, Time in, [366]
, Tribal signs in, [458]
, writing, Origin of, connected with, [354]
Signals, Apache, [534]
, bodily action, Executed by, [529]
, Cheyenne and Arapaho, [542]
, Dust, [541]
, Fire arrows used in, [540]
, Foreign, [549]
, Smoke, [536]
when person signaling is not seen, [536]
with objects in connection with personal action, [532]
Signs, Abbreviation in, [338]
, Arbitrary, [340]
, Conventional, [333], [336], [340]
deaf-mutes, of uninstructed, [277]
, diversities in, Classes of, [341]
, Forced, [336]
, Homomorphy of, with diverse meanings, [342]
, Mistaken, [336]
, Oral language, not proportioned to development of, [293], [314]
, Permanence of, [329]
, Power of, compared with speech, [347], [349]
, Surviving in gesture, [330]
, Symmorphs in, [343]
, Synonyms in, [341]
, Systematic use of, distinguished from uniformity of, [330]
, Theories of Indians, respecting the, [313]
Silence, Sign for, [304]
Small, Sign for, [302]
signals, [536]
, Foreign, [539]
Smyth, E. Brough, Australian, signs, [306], [408]
Sociologic conditions connected with use of gestures, [293]
Soldier, Signs for, [344], [449], [505]
South Americans, Signs of, [307]
Speak, speech, Signs for, [345], [373]
Squirrel, Sign for, [321]
Steamboat, Sign for, [388]
Stone, Signs for, [386], [515]
Stupidity, Signs for, [303]
Submission, Signals for, [531]
Suggestions for collecting signs, [394]
Sunrise, Sign for, [371]
Surrender, Signals for, [531], [536]
Surrounded, Signal for, [536]
Suspicion, Sign for, [306]
Swedenborg, Primitive language, [288]
Symbols, distinguished from signs, [388]
Symmorphs in signs, [343]
Synonyms in signs, [341]
Syntax, Sign language with reference to, [359]
Talkers, fluent, Gestures of, [279]
Tendoy-Huerito dialogue in signs, [486]
Tennanah, Tribal sign for, [475]
Tense in sign language, [336]
Theft, Signs for, [292], [345]
Time, in sign language, [386]
, long, Sign for, [522]
To-day, Signs for, [386]
Trade, Signs for, [381], [450], [495]
Tree, Signs for, [343], [496], [524]
Tribal signs, [458]
Trumbull, Dr. J. Hammond, Composition of Indian words, [351]
Tso-di-a'-ko's Report, in signs, [524]
Tylor, Dr. E.B., Sign language, [293], [320], [323]
Uniformity of signs distinguished from their systematic use, [330]
Ute, Tribal signs for, [475]
Village, Signs for, [386]
Vinci, Leonardo da, use of gestures, [292]
Wagon, Sign for, [322]
Want, Sign for, [344]
Warning, Sign for, [301], [302]
Washington, City of, Sign for, [470]
Water, Signs for, [357], [494]
White man, Signs for, [450], [469], [491], 000, [526]
Whitney, Prof. W.D., Primitive speech, [283]
Wichita, Tribal signs for, [476]
Wilkins, Bishop, Philosophic language, [288]
Williams, Mr. B.O., [326]
Wiseman, Cardinal, Gesture of blind man, [278]
, Italian signs, [408]
Woman, Sign for, [497]
Worthlessness, Sign for, [301]
Writing, origin of, Gestures connected with the, [354]
Wyandot, Tribal sign for, [476]