FOOTNOTES

[1] Simms, Frontiersmen of New York (Albany, 1882), i, pp. 438, 439.

[2] Parkman, Conspiracy of Pontiac, ii, p. 195.

[3] Monthly Review, March, 1797, p. 381.

[4] Jacques Godefroy was a prominent habitant of Detroit, who had been employed by Major Gladwin to seek an interview with Pontiac on behalf of the English cause. From this mission he had returned unsuccessful. Later, dispatched to the Illinois with four other Canadians, they had not only pillaged an English trader, but aided the Indians to capture Fort Miami. As Godefroy had taken the oath of allegiance to the British crown in 1760, he was arrested and sentenced to be hanged on the charge of treason. After this journey with Morris he continued to live at Detroit, much respected and esteemed, and one of the richest of the French colony. His son leaned toward the American side in the Revolution, and assisted George Rogers Clark.—Ed.

[5] This was Pontiac’s village on the Maumee. See [Croghan’s Journal of 1765, ante].—Ed.

[6] Cedar Point was near the entrance to the Maumee River.—Ed.

[7] See [note on Maumee Rapids, Croghan’s Journals, ante].—Ed.

[8] On Indian slavery, see “The Panis; Canadian Indian Slavery,” in Canadian Institute Proceedings, 1897.—Ed.

[9] The reference here is to the defeat and retreat of Major Arthur Loftus, who left Pensacola early in February, 1764, with a detachment of the 22nd infantry to proceed to the Illinois, and take possession for the English. On the nineteenth of March he was ambushed and fired upon near Tunica Bend on the Mississippi, and obliged to retreat to New Orleans.—Ed.

[10] The Miamis were of Algonquian stock; but the early French writers noted their peculiarities and special customs. See Wisconsin Historical Collections, xvi, p. 376; also index thereto.—Ed.

[11] The Northern tribes, especially the Iroquois, termed the Cherokees, Chickasaws, etc., “Têtes plattes” (Flat-heads). The enmity between the Northern and the Southern Indians was traditional.—Ed.

[12] A letter to Bradstreet from Morris, dated September 2, 1764, is quoted by Wallace, History of Illinois and Louisiana under French Rule (Cincinnati, 1893), p. 352, note.—Ed.

[13] Reference to the date of starting (ante, [p. 303]) shows that this should read September 1.—Ed.

[14] On the influence of dreams over the actions of Indians, see Long’s Travels, vol. ii of this series.—Ed.

[15] The journey of Sir William Johnson to Detroit, here referred to, took place July 4-October 30, 1761. For the diary of this voyage, see Stone, Life and Times of Sir William Johnson, ii, pp. 429-477.—Ed.

[16] Pichou is the Canadian name for the loup-cervier, or lynx canadensis.—Ed.

[17] Holmes had warned Gladwin of the conspiracy among the Indians; nevertheless, he himself fell a victim thereto. See Parkman, Conspiracy of Pontiac, i, pp. 189, 278.—Ed.

[18] Sir Henry Moore was the only colonist appointed governor of New York, having been born in Jamaica in 1713. After serving as governor of that island, and by his bravery and wisdom averting serious peril during a slave insurrection, he was rewarded with a baronetcy and the governorship of New York (1764). He filled this position with acceptability, dying at his post in 1769.—Ed.

[19] For these forts, see [Croghan’s Journals, ante].—Ed.

[20] One of the earliest Jesuit missions in Canada was to the Hurons, for whom (1673) a village was built at Loretto, ten miles from Quebec, on a seigniory belonging to the Jesuit order. Remnants of the Loretto Hurons are still to be found at the old village. The French had employed these “praying Indians” in their wars; it will be seen that the English were following the same policy.—Ed.

[21] See [Croghan’s Journals, ante], for note upon the location of this Potawatomi village.—Ed.

[22] The Natchez War, with its sequel in the Chickasaw campaigns, was the most disastrous series of Indian troubles in the early history of French Louisiana. The Natchez secretly rose, and treacherously massacred the garrison of Fort Rosalie, November 29, 1729. During the two succeeding years Governor Périer twice invaded their territory, and inflicted so severe a chastisement that the nation as such ceased to exist, its remnant taking refuge among the Chickasaws.—Ed.

[23] This paragraph was obviously interpolated just before the publication of the journal (1791), for the three different battles to which Morris here refers were those of Harmar’s campaign in 1790, when three several detachments of the latter’s army were at different times overpowered in the Miami territory. The defeat of St. Clair (November 4, 1791), by the same tribesmen, doubtless was too recent an event for the information to have reached England, and been embodied in a publication of that year.—Ed.

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