S.
Sagacity, in divining Middle Term, [237].
Sameness, three senses of, [277], [349].
Scholarchs, Peripatetic, their limited knowledge of Aristotle before Andronikus, [30], [38].
Science, see [Knowledge].
Sciences, some prior and more accurate than others, [210], [234], [578]; classified as Theoretical, Practical, Constructive, [423], [593]; Theoretical subdivided, [423], [593].
Seneca, authority for Stoical creed, [654]; a Stoic engaged in active politics, [662].
[Sensation], knowledge begins from the natural process of, [256], [483], [492]; consciousness of, explained, [473].
Senses, the five, [465] seq.; cannot be more than five, [472].
[Sentient] soul, involves functions of the Nutritive with sensible perception besides, [461]; distinguishes animals from plants, [462]; receives the form of the perceptum without the matter, as wax an impression from the signet; [462]; communicated by male in generation, and is complete from birth, [463]: differs from the Noëtic, in communing with particulars and being dependent on stimulus from without, [463] seq., [486]; grades of, [463]; has a faculty of discrimination and comparison, [464], [483]; heart, the organ of, [464]; cannot perceive two distinct sensations at once, [473]; at the lowest, subject to pleasure and pain, appetite and aversion, [473]; Phantasy belongs to the, [475]; Memory belongs to the, [475].
Sepulveda, his use of “exoteric,� [45].
Signs, Syllogism from, [202]; distinguished from Proof (τεκμήριον), [203]; in Physiognomy, [204].
Simplikius, defended Aristotle’s Categories, [563].
Simul, meaning of, [105]; as between parts and whole, [602].
Skêpsis, Aristotle’s books and manuscripts long kept buried there, [36].
Smell, operated through a medium, [467]; stands below sight and hearing, [468]; action of, [469]; organ of, [470].
Sokrates, reference to his fate by Aristotle, [16]; his exposure of equivocal phraseology, [58]; called for, but did not supply, definitions, [141]; his conception and practice of Dialectic, to the neglect of Didactic, [263]; Elenchus of, [263], [437], [441]; did nothing but question, [418]; Greek philosophy before, [426]; first broke ground for Logic, [426]; his part in the development of Greek Philosophy, [436] seq.; peculiarities of, according to Aristotle, [437]; first inquired into the meaning of universal terms, [551], [552].
Sokrates, the younger, false analogy of, in defining animal, [604].
Solecism, sophistic charge of, [385]; how to repel, [413].
Sophist, the, as understood by Aristotle, [376], [377], [381]; as understood by Plato, [376]; five ends ascribed to, [384]; not really distinguished by Aristotle from the Dialectician, [382], [393] seq.
Sophistes of Plato, theory of Proposition in, [135].
Sophistic, busied about accidents, [98], [593]; as understood by Aristotle, [376], [382]; given as one of four species of debate, [377]; Aristotle’s conception of, both as to purpose and subject matter, disallowed, [382], [393] seq.; Loci bearing on, [408]; debate, difficulties in, [416]; borders on Dialectic, [417].
Sophistici Elenchi, last book of Topica, [56], [262]; subject of, [376]; last chapter of, [417] seq.
Sorites, what was afterwards so called, [156].
[Soul], according to Plato, [446], [449], [451], [461]; Alkmæon, [449]; Herakleitus, [449]; Diogenes of Apollonia, [449]; Anaxagoras, [449]; Empedokles, [449]; Pythagoreans, [450]; Xenokrates, criticized by Aristotle, [450]; theory of Empedokles criticized, [451]; theory of, as pervading the whole Kosmos, [451]; all the foregoing theories of, rejected by Aristotle, [452]; requisites of a good theory of, [452]; Aristotle’s point of view with regard to, [453]; the problem of, stated to cover all forms of Life, [453]; resolved by metaphysical distinction of Form and Matter, [454]-7; defined accordingly, [458]; not a separate entity in itself, [458]; not really, but only logically, separable from body, [458]; thoroughgoing implication of, with Matter, [459], [478]; is Form, Movent, and Final Cause, of the body as Matter, [460], [480]; makes with body the Living or Animated Body, [460], [480]; varieties of, in an ascending scale, [460], [481]; the lowest or Nutritive, [461]; the Sentient (also nutritive), [462]-74, see [Sentient]; higher functions of, conditioned by lower, [474]; Phantastic department of, [474]; the Noëtic or Cogitant, [478], see [Noûs], Noëtic; all varieties of, proceed from the region of Form or the Celestial Body, [480]; Noûs of the, [487]; not immortal, even the Noëtic, in the individual, [489]; is, in a certain way, all existent things, [493]; two parts of, the rational and the irrational, [521].
Sound, cause of, [467].
Species, is Second Essence, [63], [68]; one of the Predicables in Porphyry’s, not in Aristotle’s, list, [276]; logically posterior to Genus and to Differentiæ, [607].
Speech, significant by convention only, [109], [111]; Enunciative, and other modes of, [111].
Speusippus, succeeded Plato in the Academy, [7], [21]; books of, at his death, bought by Aristotle, [35]; held it impossible to define anything without knowing everything, [249]; his enumeration of Essences, [595], [629]; ascribed beauty and perfection to results, not to their originating principles, [625].
Spinoza, his definition of Substance contrasted with Aristotle’s, [93].
Spontaneity, source of irregularity in the Kosmos, [115], [205]; affects the rule of Antiphasis, [115]; objective correlate to the Problematical Proposition, [133], [205]; Generations and Constructions from, [598], [620].
Stageira, birthplace of Aristotle, [2]; destroyed by Philip, restored by Aristotle, [6].
[Stars], in their nature eternal Essences, [626]; whence the heat and light of, [644]; themselves at rest, are carried round in their circles, [644]; spherical in figure, [645], [646]; (not planets) twinkle, why, [645]; rates of motion of (planets), as determined by their position, [646]; irregular sequence of (planets), in respect of complexity of motions, [646]; partakers of life and action, [647]; why so many, in the one single First Current, [648].
Stilpon, merely disputed on Proposition, [136].
Stoics, Categories of the, [100], [563]; their doctrine copiously reported, [654]; points in which they agreed with the Epikureans, [655], [663]; fatalism of, [657]; held Self-preservation to be the first principle of Nature, [660]; inculcated as primary officium, to keep in the State of Nature, [660]; their idea of the Good, [660]; their distinction of things in our power, and not in our power, [661]; held the will to be always determined by motives, [661]; their view of a free mind, [661]; allowed an interposing Providence, [661]; ethical purpose of, 662; urged to active life, [662]; subordinated beneficence, put justice highest, [662], [663]; their respect for individual conviction, [663].
Strabo, authority for story of the fate of Aristotle’s library, [35], [38].
Subject, to be predicated of a, distinguished from to be in a, [59], [62], [64]; which is never employed as predicate, [63], [68], [157]; which may also be predicate, [63], [157]; called Term in Analytica, [141].
Substance, see [Essence].
Substratum, [67], [595]; see [Essence].
Sun, ever at work, [617]; whence the heat and light of, [644]; why seen to move at rising and setting, [644]; motions of, [646].
Sylla, carried library of Apellikon to Rome, [37].
Syllogism, principle of, indicated in Categoriæ, [65]; theory of, claimed by Aristotle as his own work, [140], [153]; defined, [143], [426]; Perfect and Imperfect, [143]; meaning of, in Plato, specialized in Aristotle, [143]; conditions of valid, [148], [155]; Premisses, Terms, Figures, &c, of, [148] seq.; Reduction of, [153]; mediaeval abuse of, [153]; Direct or Ostensive, and Indirect, [155]; has two (even number of) propositions, and three (odd number of) terms, [156]; how to construct a, [157]; method of, superior to logical Division, [162]; from an Hypothesis, [168]; plurality of conclusions from, [171]; inversion of, [173]; conversion of, [174]; liabilities to error in the use of, [176]; cases of Reciprocation among terms of, [185]; antithesis among terms of, [185] seq.; canons of, common to Demonstration, Dialectic, Rhetoric, [186], [210], [265]; the, from Induction, [187]; prior and more effective as to cognition, than Induction, [191]; the, from Example, [191]; relation of, to Induction, [192] seq.; varieties of Abduction, Objection, Enthymeme, &c, [202] seq.; Modal, [204]; theory of, applicable both to Demonstration and Dialectic, [207], [265]; the Demonstrative or Scientific, [215], [219], [265]; of ὅτι, and of διότι, [223]; the unit in, [231]; scope and matter of the Dialectical, [265], [267]; the Eristic, [268], [380]; the Elenchus, or Refutative, [376]; the Pseudographic, [380]; inquiry into Axioms of, falls to First Philosophy, [426].
Synonymous things, [57].