History of Greece, Volume 12 (of 12)

by George Grote

INDEX.

---

• A.
• Abantes, iii. 165.
• Abdêra, the army of Xerxes at, v. 42.
• Abrokomas, ix. 27, 31.
• Abydos, march of Xerxes to, v. 28;
  • revolt of, from Athens, viii. 94;
  • Athenian victory at, over the Peloponnesians, viii. 110;
  • Athenian victory over Pharnabazus at, viii. 121;
  • Derkyllidas at, ix. 310 seq.;
  • Anaxibius and Iphikrates at, ix. 369 seq.
• Achæan origin affected by Spartan kings, ii. 11;
  • league, [xii. 391].
• Achæans, various accounts of, i. 104, 105;
  • effect of the Dorian occupation of Peloponnesus on, ii. 12;
  • Homeric view of, ii. 12;
  • of Phthiôtis and Peloponnesus, ii. 275;
  • of Peloponnesus, ii. 284, 303.
• Achæmenes, v. 96.
• Achæus, i. 101, 199.
• Achaia, ii. 269;
  • towns and territory of, ii. 465 seq.;
  • Epaminondas in, B. C. 367, x. 266;
  • proceedings of the Thebans in B. C. 367, x. 268;
  • alliance of, with Sparta and Elis, B. C. 365, x. 313.
• Acharnæ, Archidamus at, vi. 131 seq.
• Achelôus, i. 282.
• Achillêis, the basis of the Iliad, ii. 175 seq.
• Achillês, i. 291 seq., 297 seq.
• Achradina, capture of, by Neon, xi. 157.
• Acropolis at Athens, flight to, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 114;
  • capture of by Xerxes, v. 117 seq.;
  • visit of the Peisistratids to, after its capture by Xerxes, v. 118;
  • inviolable reserve fund in, vi. 138 seq.
• Ada, queen of Karia, [xii. 94], [99].
• Adeimantus, of Corinth, and Themistoklês, at Salamis, v. 122, 124.
• Admêtus and Alkêstis, i. 113 seq.
• Admêtus and Themisoklês, v. 283.
• Adranum, Timoleon at, xi. 148, 156.
• Adrastus, i. 256, seq., 268; iii. 34.
• Adrastus, the Phrygian exile, iii. 152.
• Adrumetum, captured by Agathokles, [xii. 419].
• Æa, i. 250 seq.
• Æakid genealogy, i. 184 seq., 189.
• Æakus, i. 184 seq.
• Æêtês, i. 115;
  • and the Argonauts, i. 231 seq.;
  • and Circê, i. 251.
• Ægæ, iii. 190.
• Ægean, islands in, ii. 214;
  • the Macedonian fleet master of, [xii. 141].
• Ægean islands, effect of the battle of Chæroneia on, xi. 504.
• Ægeids at Sparta, ii. 361.
• Ægeus, i. 205; death of, i. 221.
• Ægialeus, i. 82.
• Ægina, i. 184;
  • war of, against Athens, at the instigation of the Thebans, iv. 171, 173, 315;
  • submission of, to Darius, iv. 315;
  • appeal of Athenians to Sparta against the Medism of, iv. 318;
  • attempted revolution at, by Nikodromus, v. 47 seq.;
  • from B. C. 488 to 481, v. 47, 48 seq., 53;
  • and Athens, settlement of the feud between, v. 58;
  • removal of Athenians to, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 108;
  • Greek fleet at, in the spring of B. C. 479, v. 147;
  • war of Athens against, B. C. 459, v. 321;
  • subdued by Athens, v. 331;
  • expulsion of the Æginetans from, by the Athenians, vi. 136;
  • and Athens, B. C. 389, ix. 371 seq.;
  • Gorgôpas in, ix. 373 seq.;
  • Teleutias in, ix. 373, 376.
• Æginæan scale, ii. 319 seq., 325; iii. 171.
• Æqinetans, and Thebans, i. 184;
  • and the hostages taken from them by Kleomenês and Leotychidês, v. 46 seq.;
  • pre-eminence of, at Salamis, v. 145;
  • at Thyrea, capture and death of, B. C. 424, vi. 366.
• Ægistheus, i. 162 seq.
• Ægospotami, battle of, viii. 217 seq.;
  • condition of Athens and her dependencies after the battle of, viii. 223, 225, 227 seq.
• Ægyptos, i. 87.
• Æimnestus and Dionysius, x. 468.
• Æneadæ at Skêpsis, i. 316.
• Æneas, i. 293, 315 seq.
• Ænianes, ii. 286.
• Æolic Greeks in the Trôad, i. 335;
  • emigration under the Pelopids, ii. 19;
  • Kymê, custom at, in cases of murder, ii. 94 n.;
  • and Doric dialects, ii. 335;
  • cities in Asia, iii. 190 seq.;
  • emigration, iii. 191, 193;
  • establishments near Mount Ida, iii. 195.
• Æolid line, the first, i. 107 seq.;
  • the second, i. 112 seq.;
  • the third, i. 119 seq.;
  • the fourth, i. 123 seq.
• Æolis, iii. 195;
  • the subsatrapy of, and Pharnabazus, ix. 206 seq.
• Æolus, i. 95 seq., 103.
• Æpytus, i. 176.
• Æschinês, at the battle of Tamynæ, xi. 342;
  • proceedings of, against Philip, after his capture of Olynthus, xi. 366;
  • early history of, xi. 366;
  • as envoy of Athens in Arcadia, xi. 367;
  • desire of, for peace, B. C. 347, xi. 368;
  • and the embassies from Athens to Philip, xi. 381 seq., 406, 410, 413 seq., 422;
  • and the motion of Philokrates for peace and alliance with Philip, xi. 391 seq.;
  • fabrications of, about Philip, xi. 398, 408, 409, 412 seq.;
  • visit of, to Philip in Phokis, xi. 422;
  • justifies Philip after his conquest of Thermopylæ, xi. 425;
  • corruption of, xi. 430 seq.;
  • at the Amphiktyonic assembly at Delphi, B. C. 359, xi. 470 seq.;
  • on the special Amphiktyonic meeting at Thermopylæ, xi. 479;
  • conduct of, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 506;
  • accusation against Ktesiphon by, [xii. 286] seq.;
  • exile of, [xii. 293] seq.
• Æschylus, Promêtheus of, i. 78, 381 n.;
  • his treatment of mythes, i. 379 seq.;
  • Sophoklês, and Euripidês, viii. 317 seq.
• Æsculapius, i. 178 seq.
• Æsôn, death of, i. 114.
• Æsymnête, iii. 19.
• Æthiopis of Arktinus, ii. 156.
• Æêthlius, i. 99.
• Ætna, foundation of the city of, v. 229;
  • second city of, v. 236;
  • reconquered by Duketius, vii. 123;
  • conquest of, by Dionysius, x. 468;
  • Campanians of, x. 497.
• Ætolia, legendary settlement of, i. 137;
  • expedition of Demosthenes against, vi. 296 seq.
• Ætolian genealogy, i. 138.
• Ætolians, ii. 290;
  • rude condition of, ii. 292;
  • emigration of, into Peloponnesus, ii. 325 seq.;
  • and Akarnanians, iii. 411;
  • and Peloponnesians under Eurylochus attack Naupaktus, xi. 291;
  • contest and pacification of, with Antipater, [xii. 332];
  • Kassander’s attempt to check, [xii. 370].
• Ætolo-Eleians and the Olympic games, ii. 317.
• Ætôlus, i. 102, 103;
  • and Oxylus, i. 153.
• Africa, circumnavigation of, by the Phenicians, iii. 283 seq.;
  • expedition of Agathokles to, against Carthage, [xii. 410] seq., [444].
• Agamêdês and Trophonius, i. 129.
• Agamemnôn, pre-eminence of, i. 154 seq., 161 seq., 163;
  • and Orestes transferred to Sparta, i. 165;
  • and the Trojan expedition, i. 289, 293.
• Agaristê and Megaklês, iii. 38.
• Agasias, ix. 145, 147 seq.
• Agathokles, first rise of, [xii. 397];
  • distinction of, in the Syracusan expedition to Kroton, [xii. 398];
  • retires from Syracuse to Italy, [xii. 398];
  • exploits of, in Italy and Sicily, about B. C. 320, [xii. 285];
  • first ascendency of, at Syracuse, [xii. 399];
  • his readmission to Syracuse, [xii. 400];
  • massacres the Syracusans, [xii. 401] seq.;
  • constituted despot of Syracuse, [xii. 402];
  • his popular manners, and military success, [xii. 404] seq.;
  • and the Agrigentines, [xii. 404], [406], [407];
  • and Deinokrates, [xii. 407], [440], [446] seq.;
  • massacre at Gela by, [xii. 408];
  • defeat of, at the Himera, [xii. 409];
  • expedition of, to Africa, [xii. 410] seq., [444];
  • capture of Megalêpolis and Tunês by, [xii. 414];
  • victory of, over Hanno and Bomilkar, [xii. 416] seq.;
  • operations of, on the eastern coast of Carthage, [xii. 419] seq.;
  • mutiny in the army of, at Tunês, [xii. 426];
  • in Numidia, [xii. 427];
  • and Ophellas, [xii. 427], [431] seq.;
  • capture of Utica by, [xii. 436];
  • goes from Africa to Sicily, B. C. 306-305, [xii. 438], [439];
  • in Sicily, B. C. 306-305, [xii. 439] seq.;
  • returns from Sicily to Africa, where he is defeated by the Carthaginians, [xii. 441];
  • deserts his army at Tunês, and they capitulate, [xii. 443], [444];
  • barbarities of, at Egesta and Syracuse, after his African expedition, [xii. 445];
  • operations of, in Liparæ, Italy, and Korkyra, [xii. 448];
  • last projects and death of, [xii. 449] seq.;
  • genius and character of, [xii. 450] seq.
• Agavê and Pentheus, i. 261 seq.
• Agêma, Macedonian, [xii. 63].
• Agên, the satiric drama, [xii. 296] and [n. 2].
• Agenôr and his offspring, i. 257.
• Agesandridas, viii. 71, 74 seq.
• Agesilaus, character of, ix. 242, 246, 280;
  • nomination of, as king, ix. 244 seq.;
  • popular conduct and partisanship of, ix. 246;
  • expedition of, to Asia, B. C. 397, ix. 257 seq.;
  • humiliation of Lysander by, ix. 260 seq.;
  • Tissaphernes breaks the truce with, ix. 261;
  • attacks of, on the satrapy of Pharnabazus, ix. 261, 273 seq.;
  • his enrichment of his friends, ix. 262;
  • humanity of, ix. 263;
  • naked exposure of Asiatic prisoners by, ix. 265 seq.;
  • at Ephesus, ix. 266;
  • victory of, near Sardis, ix. 267;
  • negotiations of, with Tithraustes, ix. 269;
  • appointed to command at sea and on land, ix. 269, 271;
  • efforts of, to augment his fleet, ix. 273;
  • and Spithridates, ix. 274;
  • and Pharnabazus, conference between, ix. 277 seq.;
  • large preparations and recall of, from Asia, ix. 280, 286, 308 seq.;
  • relations of Sparta with her neighbors and allies after the accession of, ix. 284;
  • on the northern frontier of Bœotia, ix. 312;
  • victory of, at Koroneia, ix. 313 seq.;
  • and Teleutias, capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, and of Lechæum by, ix. 339 seq.;
  • capture of Peiræum and Œnoê by, ix. 344, 345 seq.;
  • and the Isthmian festival, ix. 344;
  • and the envoys from Thebes, ix. 346, 352;
  • and the destruction of the Lacedæmonian mora by Iphikrates, ix. 348, 352;
  • expedition of, against Akarnania, ix. 354;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 385 seq.;
  • miso-Theban sentiment of, x. 28, 34;
  • his defence of Phœbidas, x. 62;
  • subjugation of Phlius by, x. 70 seq.;
  • and the trial of Sphodrias, x. 100;
  • expeditions of, against Thebes, x. 127 seq.;
  • and Epaminondas, at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 170;
  • and the re-establishment of Mantinea, x. 205 seq.;
  • feeling against, at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 207;
  • march of, against Mantinea, x. 211 seq.;
  • vigilant defence of Sparta by, against Epaminondas, x. 221, 330;
  • in Asia, B. C. 366, x. 294, 296;
  • in Egypt, x. 362 seq., and the independence of Mêssêne, x. 360;
  • death and character of, x. 363 seq.
• Agesipolis, ix. 356 seq.; x. 35 seq., 67, 70.
• Agêtus and Aristo, iv. 326.
• Agis II., invasion of Attica by, B. C. 425, vi. 313;
  • advance of, to Leuktra, B. C. 419, vii. 64;
  • invasion of Argos by, vii. 71 seq.;
  • retirement of, from Argos, vii. 74 seq.;
  • at the battle of Mantinea, B. C. 418, vii. 81 seq.;
  • invasion of Attica by, vii. 288, 353;
  • movements of, after the Athenian disaster in Sicily, vii. 364;
  • applications from Eubœa and Lesbos to, B. C. 413, vii. 365;
  • overtures of peace from the Four Hundred to, viii. 44;
  • repulse of, by Thrasyllus, viii. 128;
  • fruitless attempt of, to surprise Athens, viii. 156;
  • invasions of Elis by, ix. 225 seq.;
  • death of, ix. 241.
• Agis III., ii. 387 seq., 127, 281 seq.
• Aglaurion, v. 117 n.
• Agnonides, [xii. 351].
• Agones and festivals in honor of gods, i. 51.
• Agora, Homeric, ii. 67 seq.; and Boulê, ii. 75.
• Agoratus, viii. 235, 240.
• Agrigentine generals, accusation and death of, x. 427.
• Agrigentines, and Agathokles, [xii. 404], [406], [425];
  • defeat of, by Leptines and Demophilus, [xii. 440];
  • defeat of, by Leptines, [xii. 441].
• Agrigentum, iii. 366;
  • Phalaris of, iv. 378, v. 204;
  • and Syracuse, before B. C. 500, v. 205;
  • prisoners sent to, after the battle of Himera, v. 225;
  • and Syracuse, B. C. 446, vii. 126;
  • after the Theronian dynasty, vii. 127;
  • and Hannibal’s capture of Selinus, x. 408;
  • defensive preparations at, against Hannibal and Imilkon, x. 422;
  • strength, wealth, and population of, B. C. 406, x. 423 seq.;
  • blockade and capture of, by the Carthaginians, x. 425 seq.;
  • complaints against the Syracusan generals at, x. 427, 431, 433 seq.;
  • declaration of, against Dionysius, xi. 6;
  • Timoleon and the fresh colonization of, xi. 187;
  • siege of, by Agathokles, [xii. 406].
• Agylla, plunder of the temple at, xi. 25.
• Agyrium, Dionysius and Magon at, ix. 7.
• Agyrrhius, ix. 368.
• Ajax, son of Telamôn, i. 187, 299.
• Ajax, son of Oïleus, i. 189, 305, 310.
• Akanthus, iv. 25;
  • march of Xerxes to, v. 43;
  • induced by Brasidas to revolt from Athens, vi. 406 seq.;
  • speech of Brasidas at, ix. 193 seq.;
  • opposition of, to the Olynthian confederacy, x. 52 seq., 57.
• Akarnan and Amphoterus, i. 282.
• Akarnania, Demosthenês in, B. C. 426, vi. 296;
  • expedition of Agesilaus against, ix. 354.
• Akarnanians, ii. 292 seq., iii. 407 seq.;
  • and Athens, alliance between, vi. 120;
  • under Demosthenês save Naupaktus, vi. 303;
  • and Amphilochians, pacific treaty of, with the Ambrakiots, vi. 311.
• Akastus, wife of, and Pêleus, i. 114.
• Akesines, crossed by Alexander, [xii. 230].
• Akræ in Sicily, iii. 366.
• Akragas, iii. 366.
• Akrisois, Danaê and Perseus, i. 89 seq.
• Akrotatus, [xii. 404].
• Aktæôn, i. 260.
• Aktê, Brasidas in, vi. 421.
• Akusilaus, his treatment of mythes, i. 390.
• Alæsa, foundation of, x. 469.
• Alalia, Phokæan colony at, iv. 205.
• Alazônes, iii. 239.
• Alcyone and Kêyx, i. 135.
• Alêtês, ii. 9.
• Aleus, i. 176.
• Alexander of Macedon, and Greeks at Tempê, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 69;
  • embassy of, to Athens, v. 150 seq.;
  • and the Athenians before the battle of Platæa, v. 151.
• Alexander the Great, his visit to Ilium, i. 326, [xii. 69];
  • successors of, and Ilium, i. 326;
  • comparison between the invasion of, and that of Xerxes, v. 240;
  • birth of, xi. 241;
  • at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 500;
  • quarrels of, with his father, xi. 513, [xii. 3];
  • accession of, xi. 517, [xii. 1], 7;
  • character, education, and early political action of, [xii. 2] seq.;
  • uncertain position of, during the last year of Philip, [xii. 5];
  • Amyntas put to death by, [xii. 8];
  • march of, into Greece, B. C. 336, [xii. 11];
  • chosen Imperator of the Greeks, [xii. 13];
  • convention at Corinth under, B. C. 336, [xii. 13];
  • authority claimed by, under the convention at Corinth, [xii. 15];
  • violations of the convention at Corinth by, [xii. 16] seq.;
  • expedition of, into Thrace, [xii. 22] seq., 25, n.;
  • embassy of Gauls to, [xii. 26];
  • victories of, over Kleitus and the Illyrians, [xii. 27] seq.;
  • revolt of Thebes against, [xii. 29] seq.;
  • march of, from Thrace to Thebes, [xii. 36];
  • capture and destruction of Thebes by, [xii. 37] seq.;
  • demands the surrender of anti-Macedonian leaders at Athens, [xii. 45];
  • at Corinth, B. C. 335, [xii. 48];
  • and Diogenes, [xii. 48];
  • reconstitution of Bœotia by, [xii. 48];
  • Grecian history a blank in the reign of, [xii. 50];
  • connection of his Asiatic conquests with Grecian history, [xii. 50], [179] seq.;
  • Pan-Hellenic pretences of, [xii. 51];
  • analogy of his relation to the Greeks with those of Napoleon to the Confederation of the Rhine, [xii. 51], [52 n.];
  • military endowments of, [xii. 52];
  • military changes in Greece during the sixty years before the accession of, [xii. 53] seq.;
  • measures of, before going to Asia, [xii. 67];
  • his march to the Hellespont and passage to Asia, [xii. 69], [78];
  • analogy of, to the Greek heroes, [xii. 71];
  • review of his army in Asia, [xii. 72];
  • Macedonian officers of his army in Asia, [xii. 73];
  • Greeks in his service in Asia, [xii. 74];
  • defensive preparation of Darius against, [xii. 76];
  • victory of, at the Granikus, [xii. 81] seq.;
  • submission of the Asiatics to, after the battle of the Granikus, [xii. 89];
  • and Mithrines, [xii. 90], 207;
  • capture of Ephesus by, [xii. 90];
  • capture of Miletus by, [xii. 92] seq.;
  • debate of, with Parmenio at Miletus, [xii. 92];
  • disbands his fleet, [xii. 94];
  • capture of Halikarnassus by, [xii. 94] seq.;
  • conquest of Lykia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia by, [xii. 99];
  • at Kelænæ, [xii. 101];
  • cuts the Gordian knot, [xii. 104];
  • refuses to liberate the Athenians captured at the Granikus, [xii. 105];
  • subjugation of Paphlagonia and Kappadokia by, [xii. 111];
  • passes Mount Taurus and enters Tarsus, [xii. 111] seq.;
  • operations of, in Kilikia, [xii. 113];
  • march of, from Kilikia to Myriandrus, [xii. 114];
  • return of, from Myriandrus, [xii. 117];
  • victory of, at Issus, [xii. 118] seq.;
  • his courteous treatment of Darius’s mother, wife and family, [xii. 124], [153];
  • his treatment of Greeks taken at Damascus, [xii. 129];
  • in Phœnicia, [xii. 130] seq., [150];
  • his correspondence with Darius, [xii. 130], [140];
  • siege and capture of Tyre by, [xii. 132] seq.;
  • surrender of the princes of Cyprus to, [xii. 138];
  • his march towards Egypt, [xii. 141], [142], [145];
  • siege and capture of Gaza by, [xii. 142] seq.;
  • his cruelty to Batis, [xii. 145];
  • in Egypt, [xii. 146] seq.;
  • crosses the Euphrates at Thapsakus, [xii. 150];
  • fords the Tigris, [xii. 151];
  • continence of, [xii. 158 n. 2];
  • victory of, at Arbela, [xii. 155] seq.;
  • surrender of Susa and Babylon to, [xii. 168];
  • his march from Susa to Persepolis, [xii. 171];
  • at Persepolis, [xii. 172] seq.;
  • subjugation of Persis by, [xii. 177];
  • at Ekbatana, [xii. 181], [246] seq.;
  • sends home the Thessalian cavalry, [xii. 181];
  • pursues Darius into Parthia, [xii. 181] seq.;
  • disappointment of, in not taking Darius alive, [xii. 186];
  • Asiatizing tendencies of, [xii. 188], [215], [267];
  • at Hekatompylus, [xii. 187];
  • in Hyrkania, [xii. 188];
  • his treatment of the Grecian mercenaries and envoys with Darius, [xii. 188], [189];
  • in Aria and Drangiana, [xii. 189] seq., [200];
  • Parmenio and Philotas put to death by, [xii. 190] seq.;
  • in Gedrosia, [xii. 200], [236];
  • foundation of Alexandria ad Caucasum by, [xii. 200];
  • in Baktria and Sogdiana, [xii. 201] seq.;
  • and Bessus, [12], [202], [208];
  • massacre of the Branchidæ by, [xii. 203] seq.;
  • at Marakanda, [xii. 204], [207] seq.;
  • and the Scythians, [xii. 206], 213;
  • Kleitus killed by, [xii. 208] seq., [213], [216] seq., [222] seq.;
  • capture of the Sogdian rock and the rock of Choriênes by, [xii. 214];
  • and Roxana, [xii. 214], [215];
  • and Kallisthenes, conspiracy of royal pages against, [xii. 221];
  • reduces the country between Hindoo Koosh and the Indus, [xii. 225] seq.;
  • crosses the Indus and the Hydaspes, and defeats Porus, [xii. 227] seq., [228] n. 2, and n. 1, page [229];
  • conquests of, in the Punjab, [xii. 227] seq.;
  • refusal of his army to march farther, [xii. 231];
  • voyage of, down the Hydaspes and the Indus, [xii. 234];
  • wounded in attacking the Malli, [xii. 234];
  • posts on the Indus established by, [xii. 235];
  • his bacchanalian procession thro’ Karmania, [xii. 236];
  • and the tomb of Cyrus the Great, [xii. 237];
  • satraps of, [xii. 239] seq.;
  • discontents and mutiny of his Macedonian soldiers, [xii. 241] seq.;
  • Asiatic levies of, [xii. 243];
  • sails down the Pasitigris and up the Tigris to Opis, [xii. 243];
  • partial disbanding of his Macedonian soldiers by, [xii. 245];
  • preparations of, for the conquest and circumnavigation of Asia, [xii. 245], [250];
  • his grief for the death of Hephæstion, [xii. 247], [253];
  • extermination of the Kossæi by, [xii. 248];
  • his last visit to Babylon, [xii. 248] seq.;
  • numerous embassies to, B. C. 323, [xii. 248];
  • his sail on the Euphrates, [xii. 250];
  • his incorporation of Persians in the Macedonian phalanx, [xii. 251];
  • his despatch to Kleomenes, [xii. 253];
  • forebodings and suspicion of, at Babylon, [xii. 253], [254 n. 3];
  • illness and death of, [xii. 254] seq.;
  • rumored poisoning of, [xii. 256 n. 2];
  • sentiments excited by the career and death of, [xii. 258] seq.;
  • probable achievements of, if he had lived longer, [xii. 259] seq.;
  • character of, as a ruler, [xii. 261] seq.;
  • absence of nationality in, [xii. 264];
  • Livy’s opinion as to his chances, if he had attacked the Romans, [xii. 260];
  • unrivalled excellence of, as a military man, [xii. 261];
  • not the intentional diffuser of Hellenic culture, [xii. 265] seq.;
  • cities founded in Asia by, [xii. 267];
  • Asia not Hellenized by, [xii. 269];
  • increased intercommunication produced by the conquests of, [xii. 272] seq.;
  • his interest in science and literature, [xii. 274];
  • state of the Grecian world when he crossed the Hellespont, [xii. 275];
  • possibility of emancipating Greece during his earlier Asiatic campaigns, [xii. 276];
  • his rescript directing the recall of Grecian exiles, [xii. 310] seq.;
  • his family and generals, after his death, [xii. 319] seq.;
  • partition of the empire of, [xii. 319], [337];
  • list of projects entertained by, at the time of his death, [xii. 320].
• Alexander, son of Alexander the Great, [xii. 333], [340], [342], [366], [367], [371].
• Alexander, son of Polysperchon, [xii. 366], [368], [369].
• Alexander, son of Kassander, [xii. 389].
• Alexander, king of the Molossians, [xii. 396] seq.
• Alexander, son of Amyntas, x. 248, 249.
• Alexander of Epirus, marriage of, xi. 515.
• Alexander, the Lynkestian, xi. 517 seq.
• Alexander of Pheræ, x. 248;
  • expeditions of Pelopidas against, x. 248, 263, 303, 307 seq., 309 n. 3;
  • seizure of Pelopidas and Ismenias by, x. 282 seq.;
  • release of Pelopidas and Ismenias by, x. 285;
  • subdued by the Thebans, x. 309 seq.;
  • naval hostilities of, against Athens, x. 370;
  • cruelties and assassination of, xi. 203 seq.
• Alexandreia Trôas, i. 326.
• Alexandria in Egypt, [xii. 146];
  • ad Caucasum, [xii. 200];
  • in Ariis, and in Arachosia, [xii. 200 n. 4];
  • ad Jaxartem, [xii. 205], [206].
• Alexandrine chronology from the return of the Herakleids to the first Olympiad, ii. 304.
• Alexiklês, viii. 64, 67, 68.
• Alkæus, Herodotus’s mistake about, iii. 155 n.;
  • his flight from battle, iii. 199;
  • opposition of, to Pittakus, iii. 199, iv., 90 seq.;
  • collected works of, iv. 90 n. 4;
  • subjective character of his poetry, i. 363.
• Alkamenês, son of Têleklus, ii. 420.
• Alkamenês, appointment of, to go to Lesbos, vii. 365;
  • defeat and death of, vii. 369.
• Alkestis and Admêtus, i. 113 seq.
• Alketas, x. 139, 147 n., 153, xi. 54.
• Alkibiades, reputed oration of Androkidês against, iv. 151, n. 3, vi. 7, n. 2;
  • alleged duplication of the tribute-money of Athenian allies by, vi. 7, n. 2;
  • at the battle of Delium, v. 397;
  • education and character of, vii. 30 seq.;
  • and Sokratês, vii. 35 seq.;
  • conflicting sentiments entertained towards, vii. 40;
  • attempts of, to revive his family tie with Sparta, vii. 42;
  • early politics of, vii. 42;
  • adoption of anti-Laconian politics by, vii. 43;
  • attempt of, to ally Argos with Athens, B. C. 420, vii. 43;
  • trick of, upon the Lacedæmonian envoys, vii. 46 seq.;
  • display of, at the Olympic festival, vii. 53 seq., 59 n.;
  • intra-Peloponnesian policy of, B. C. 419, vii. 62 seq.;
  • expedition of, into the interior of Peloponnesus, B. C. 419, vii. 63;
  • at Argos, B. C. 418, vii. 75, and B. C. 416, vii. 98;
  • and Nikias, projected contention of ostracism between, vii. 104 seq.;
  • his support of the Egestæan envoys at Athens, B. C. 416, vii. 146;
  • and the Sicilian expedition, vii. 148, 152 seq., 160 seq.;
  • attack upon, in connection with the mutilation of the Hermæ, vii. 175, 207 seq.;
  • the Eleusinian mysteries and, vii. 175 seq., 211 seq.; viii. 150;
  • plan of action in Sicily proposed by, vii. 191;
  • at Messênê in Sicily, vii. 193;
  • at Katana, vii. 193;
  • recall of, to take his trial, vii. 195, 211 seq.;
  • escape and condemnation of, vii. 211 seq., 235 n. 2;
  • at Sparta, vii. 235 seq.;
  • Lacedæmonians persuaded by, to send aid to Chios, vii. 367;
  • expedition of, to Chios, vii. 370 seq.;
  • revolt of Milêtus from Athens, caused by, vii. 375;
  • order from Sparta to kill, viii. 2;
  • escape of, to Tissaphernês, viii. 3;
  • advice of, to Tissaphernês, viii. 3;
  • acts as interpreter between Tissaphernês and the Greeks, viii. 5 seq.;
  • oligarchical conspiracy of, with the Athenian officers at Samos, viii. 6 seq.;
  • counter manœuvres of, against Phrynichus, viii. 12;
  • proposed restoration of, to Athens, viii. 12, 13;
  • negotiations of, with Peisander, viii. 15, 20 seq.;
  • and the Athenian democracy at Samos, viii. 49 seq., 51, 52 seq.;
  • at Aspendus, viii. 100;
  • return of, from Aspendus to Samos, viii. 116;
  • arrival of, at the Hellespont, from Samos, viii. 117;
  • arrest of Tissaphernês by, viii. 120;
  • escape of, from Sardis, viii. 120;
  • and the Athenian fleet, at the Bosphorus, viii. 126;
  • attack upon Chalkêdon by, viii. 126;
  • occupation of Chrysopolis by, viii. 127;
  • and Thrasyllus, at the Hellespont, viii. 130;
  • capture of Chalkêdon by, viii. 132;
  • and Pharnabazus, viii. 133;
  • proceedings of, in Thrace and Asia, B. C. 407, viii. 144;
  • return of, to Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 145 seq.;
  • expedition of, to Asia, B. C. 407, viii. 150 seq.;
  • dissatisfaction of the armament at Samos with, viii. 153;
  • accusations against, at Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 153;
  • alteration of sentiment towards, at Athens, B. C. 407, viii. 156 seq.;
  • and Nikias, different behavior of the Athenians towards, viii. 158;
  • dismissal of, from his command, B. C. 407, viii. 158;
  • at Ægospotami, viii. 217;
  • position and views of, in Asia, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 313 seq.;
  • assassination of, viii. 314 seq.;
  • character of, viii. 316 seq.
• Alkidas, vi. 237, 239 seq., 266 seq.
• Alkmæôn, i. 278 seq.
• Alkmæônids, curse, trial, and condemnation of, iii. 82;
  • proceedings of, against Hippias, iv. 120;
  • rebuilding of Delphian temple by, iv. 121;
  • false imputation of treachery on at the battle of Marathon, iv. 356;
  • demand of Sparta for the expulsion of, vi. 97.
• Alkman, iv. 77, 82, 85 seq.
• Alkmênê, i. 91.
• Allegorical interpretation of mythes, i. 418 seq., 425, 436.
• Allegory rarely admissible in the interpretation of mythes, i. 2.
• Alôids, the, i. 136.
• Alos, sanguinary rites at, i. 125.
• Althæa and the burning brand, i. 144.
• Althæmenês, founder of Rhodes, ii. 30.
• Althæmenês and Katreus, i. 224.
• Alyattês and Kyaxarês, iii. 230;
  • war of, with Milêtus, iii. 255 seq.;
  • sacrilege committed by, iii. 256;
  • long reign, death and sepulchre of, iii. 257.
• Amaltheia, the horn of, i. 150.
• Amanus, Mount, march of Darius to, [xii. 115].
• Amasis, iii. 328 seq.;
  • death of, iv. 229.
• Amasis and Polykratês, iv. 241.
• Amastris, [xii. 467] seq.
• Amazons, legend of, i. 209 seq.
• Ambrakia, iii. 404, 405.
• Ambrakiots, attack of, upon Amphilokian Argos, vi. 180;
  • attack of upon Akarnania, vi. 192 seq.;
  • projected attack of, on Amphilochian Argos, vi. 302;
  • defeat of, at Olpæ, vi. 304;
  • Menedæus’s desertion of, vi. 305 seq.;
  • Demosthenês’s victory over, vi. 307 seq.;
  • pacific convention of, with the Akarnanians and Amphilochians, vi. 311.
• Ambrysus, re-fortification of, xi. 494.
• Ammon, Alexander’s visit to the oracle of, [xii. 147].
• Amnesty decreed by Solon, iii. 98;
  • proposed by Patrokleidês, viii. 225;
  • at Athens, B. C. 403, viii. 293, 299 seq.
• Amompharetus, v. 174 seq.
• Amorgês, vii. 375;
  • capture of, vii. 388.
• Amphiaraus, i. 272, 275.
• Amphiktyon, i. 98, 99, 103.
• Amphiktyonic assembly, i. 100, ii. 243 seq., xi. 241;
  • condemnation of Sparta by, x. 202 seq.;
  • accusation of Thebes against Sparta before, xi. 242;
  • accusation of Thebes against Phokis before, xi. 243;
  • resistance of Phokis to, xi. 244 seq.;
  • sentence of, against the Phokians, and honors conferred upon Philip by, xi. 425, 429;
  • at Delphi, B. C. 339, xi. 470 seq.
• Amphiktyonies, or exclusive religious partnerships, ii. 243 seq., 248.
• Amphiktyons, punishment of the Kirrhæans by, iv. 61;
  • establishment of the Pythian games by, iv. 63;
  • violent measures of, against the Amphissians, xi. 474 seq.
• Amphiktyony at Kalauria, i. 133.
• Amphilochian Argos, Eurylochus’s projected attack upon, vi. 302.
• Amphilochians and Akarnanians, pacific treaty of, with the Ambrakiots, vi. 211.
• Amphilochus, i. 278;
  • wanderings of, i. 313.
• Amphiôn and Zethus, i. 263 seq.;
  • Homeric legend of, i. 257.
• Amphipolis, foundation of, vi. 11 seq.;
  • acquisition of, by Brasidas, vi. 406 seq.;
  • proceedings of Brasidas in, vi. 420;
  • policy of Kleon and Nikias for the recovery of, vi. 457 seq.;
  • Kleon’s expedition against, vi. 462 seq.;
  • topography of, vi. 464 seq.;
  • battle of, vi. 471 seq.;
  • negotiations for peace after the battle of, vi. 489;
  • not restored to Athens, on the peace of, Nikias, vii. 4;
  • neglect of, by the Athenians, vii. 104, xi. 215;
  • claim of Athens to, x. 245 seq., 294;
  • Iphikrates at, x. 251, 299;
  • failure of Timotheus at, x. 301;
  • nine defeats of the Athenians at, x. 302 n. 2;
  • Kallisthenes at, x. 370;
  • Philip renounces his claim to, xi. 212;
  • siege and capture of, by Philip, xi. 232 seq.;
  • Philip’s dealings with the Athenians respecting, xi. 235.
• Amphissa, capture of, by Philip, xi. 497.
• Amphissians, accusation of, against Athens, xi. 470 seq.;
  • violent proceedings of the Amphiktyons against, xi. 473 seq.
• Amphitryôn, i. 91.
• Amphoterus and Akarnan, i. 283.
• Amyklæ, ii. 327;
  • conquest of, ii. 419.
• Amykus, i. 169.
• Amyntas, and the Peisistratids, iv. 19.
• Amyntas, father of Philip, x. 48 seq., 243 seq.;
  • and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 50, 56, 58, 65;
  • and Iphikrates, x. 108;
  • and Athens, x. 243, 245;
  • death of, x. 243;
  • assistance of Iphikrates to the family of, x. 250.
• Amyntas, son of Antiochus, [xii. 9], [116], [125].
• Amyntas, son of Perdikkas, [xii. 8].
• Anaktorium, iii. 402 seq., vi. 360.
• Anaphê, i. 240.
• Anapus, crossing of, by Dion, xi. 91.
• Anaxagoras, vi. 101.
• Anaxandrides, bigamy of, ii. 386.
• Anaxarchus of Abdera, [xii. 213], [215], [217].
• Anaxibius, ix. 150 seq., 156 seq.;
  • in the Hellespont, ix. 369;
  • death of, ix. 371 seq.
• Anaxikratês, v. 335.
• Anaxilaus, v. 211, 230.
• Anaximander, iv. 381 seq.
• Anaximenês of Lampsakus, i. 409.
• Andokidês, reputed oration of, against Alkibiadês, iv. 151 n. 1, vi. 6 n. 1;
  • de Mysteriis, iv. 123 n. 3;
  • and the mutilation of, the Hermæ, vii. 196, 200 seq.
• Androgeos, death of, i. 211.
• Androklus, iii. 175.
• Andromachê and Helenus, i. 305.
• Andromachus, xi. 146.
• Andrôn, story of, respecting Krête, ii. 29.
• Andros, siege of, by Themistoklês, v. 141;
  • siege of, by Alkibiadês and Konon, viii. 151.
• Animals, worship of, in Egypt, iii. 319.
• Ankæus, i. 177.
• Antalkidas, embassy of, to Tiribazus, ix. 374 seq.;
  • embassies of, to Persia, ix. 383, x. 157;
  • in the Hellespont, ix. 384;
  • the peace of, ix. 385 seq., x. 1 seq.
• Antandrus, expulsion of Arsakes from, viii. 114;
  • the Syracusans at, x. 386.
• Ante-Hellenic inhabitants of Greece, ii. 261;
  • colonies from Phœnicia and Egypt not probable, ii. 267.
• Antênôr, i. 304, 315.
• Antigonê, i. 276.
• Antigonus and Perdikkas, [xii. 334];
  • and Eumenes, [xii. 338];
  • great power of, [xii. 367];
  • alliance of Kassander, Lysimachus and Ptolemy against, [xii. 367], [372], [383], [387];
  • measures of, against Kassander, [xii. 369], [370];
  • pacification of, with Kassander, Lysimachus, and Ptolemy, [xii. 371];
  • Roxana and her son Alexander put to death by, [xii. 371];
  • murders Kleopatra, sister of Alexander, [xii. 372];
  • Athenian envoys sent to, [xii. 380]; death of, [xii. 387].
• Antigonus Gonatas, [xii. 390].
• Antilochus, death of, i. 298.
• Antimachus of Kolophon, i. 268.
• Antiochus at Samos and Notium, viii. 152, 153.
• Antiochus, the Arcadian, x. 280.
• Antiopê, i. 257 seq.
• Antipater, embassy of, from Philip to Athens, xi. 386, 387, 390, 397, 401;
  • made viceroy of Macedonia, [xii. 67], [68];
  • and Olympias, [xii. 68], [254];
  • defeat of Agis by, [xii. 284];
  • submission of all Greece to, [xii. 285];
  • Grecian hostilities against, after Alexander’s death, [xii. 313] seq.;
  • and Kraterus, [xii. 321] seq., [335];
  • victory of, at Krannon, [xii. 321], [322];
  • terms imposed upon Athens by, [xii. 324] seq.;
  • remodels the Peloponnesian cities, [xii. 332];
  • contest and pacification of, with the Ætolians, [xii. 332];
  • made guardian of Alexander’s family, [xii. 337];
  • death of, [xii. 338];
  • last directions of, [xii. 339].
• Antipater, son of Kassander, [xii. 389].
• Antiphilus, [xii. 319], [321].
• Antiphon, viii. 18, 30 seq., 57 seq., 78 seq.
• Antiquity, Grecian, a religious conception, i. 445;
  • stripped of its religious character by chronology, i. 446.
• Antisthenês, at Kaunus, vii. 397.
• Antistrophê, introduction of, iv. 89.
• Anytus, viii. 130, 242.
• Aornos, rock of, [xii. 225 n. 2], [227].
• Apatê, i. 7.
• Apaturia, excitement at the, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 193 seq.
• Aphareus, i. 168, 169.
• Apheidas, i. 176.
• Aphepsion, and Mantitheus, vii. 200.
• Aphetæ, Persian fleet at, v. 97, 98, 101.
• Aphroditê, i. 5, 52.
• Apis, i. 83.
• Apodektæ, iv. 137.
• Apollo, i. 10;
  • legends of, i. 45 seq., 50;
  • worship and functions of, i. 49 seq., iii. 168;
  • and Laomedon, i. 57, 285;
  • and Hermês, i. 59;
  • types of, i. 61;
  • and Admêtus, i. 113;
  • and Korônis, i. 176;
  • Sminthius, i. 337;
  • evidence of the Homeric Hymn to, as to early Ionic life, iii. 168;
  • temple of at Klarus, iii. 184;
  • reply of Delphian to the remonstrance of Crœsus, iv. 189.
• Apollodôrus, his genealogy of Hellên, i. 106 seq.
• Apollodôrus and the Theôric fund, xi. 348.
• Apollokratês, xi. 105, 107, 117.
• Apollonia, iii. 402 seq.;
  • and the Illyrians, iv. 6 seq.;
  • and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 52.
• Apollonides, [xii. 142], [149].
• Apriês, reign and death of, iii. 323 seq.
• Apsyrtus, i. 238.
• Arabia, Alexander’s projects with regard to, [xii. 245], [250].
• Arachosia, Alexander in, [xii. 200].
• Aradus, surrender of, to Alexander [xii. 130].
• Arbela, battle of, [xii. 155] seq.
• Arbitration at Athens, v. 354.
• Arcadia, ii. 299;
  • state of, B. C. 560, ii. 441 seq.;
  • and Sparta, ii. 444 seq., v. 315;
  • proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 204 seq.;
  • invasions of, by Archidamus, x. 265, 310 seq.;
  • mission of Epaminondas to, x. 288;
  • dissensions in, x. 322 seq.;
  • embassy of Æschines to, xi. 368.
• Arcadians, ii. 301, 433 seq;
  • sympathy of, with Messenians, ii. 427;
  • impulse of towards a Pan-Arcadian union, x. 208;
  • application of, to Athens and Thebes, for aid against Sparta, x. 213;
  • Epaminondas and the consolidation of, x. 215;
  • energetic action and insolence of, x. 259 seq.;
  • envoy to Persia from, x. 278, 280;
  • protest of, against the headship of Thebes, x. 281;
  • alliance of Athens with, x. 287;
  • and Eleians, x. 314 seq., 323;
  • occupation and plunder of Olympia by, x. 314, 320 seq.;
  • celebration of the Olympic games by, x. 318 seq.;
  • seizure of, at Tegea, by the Theban harmost, x. 324 seq.
• Archagathus, [xii. 438], [439], [443].
• Archêgelês, Apollo, i. 50.
• Archelaus, x. 46 seq.;
  • siege of Pydna by, viii. 118.
• Archeptolemus, viii. 84 seq.
• Archias, œkist of Syracuse, iii. 363.
• Archias, the Theban, x. 82, 85.
• Archias, the Exile-Hunter, [xii. 326] seq.
• Archidamus II., speech of, against war with Athens, vi. 80 seq.;
  • invasions of Attica by, vii. 126 seq., 152, 221;
  • his expedition to Platæa, vi. 185 seq.
• Archidamus III., invasions of Arcadia by, x. 265, 316 seq.;
  • and the independence of Messênê, x. 291, 360;
  • and Philomelus, xi. 254;
  • expedition of, against Megalopolis, xi. 306;
  • aid to the Phokians at Thermopylæ under, xi. 419, 421; [xii. 281], [394].
• Archilochus, i. 362; iv. 26, 73, 76 seq.
• Archinus, decrees of, viii. 299, 308.
• Architects at Athens, under Periklês, vi. 20.
• Architecture, Grecian, between B. C. 600-550, iv. 98.
• Archonides, x. 469.
• Archons after Kodrus, iii. 49;
  • the nine, iii. 75;
  • judges without appeal till after Kleisthenês, iii. 129;
  • effect of Kleisthenês’s revolution on, iv. 137 seq., 142 seq.;
  • limited functions of, after the Persian war, v. 276;
  • limitation of the functions of, by Periklês, v. 355, 358, 365.
• Ardys, iii. 223.
• Areopagus, senate of, iii. 73;
  • and the Ephetæ, iii. 79;
  • and the Eumenides of Æschylus, iii. 80 n.;
  • powers of, enlarged by Solon, iii. 122;
  • under the Solonian and Kleisthenean constitutions, iv. 141;
  • in early Athens, v. 352 seq.;
  • oligarchical tendencies of, v. 354;
  • venerable character and large powers of, v. 359;
  • at variance with the growing democratic sentiment, B. C. 480-460, v. 361;
  • a centre of action for the oligarchical party, v. 361;
  • power of, abridged by Periklês and Ephialtês, v. 366 seq.
• Arês, i. 10.
• Aretê, xi. 55, 56, 82, 129.
• Argadeis, iii. 50.
• Argæus and Philip, xi. 212.
• Arganthonius and the Phokæans, iv. 199.
• Argeian Demos, proceedings of, vii. 99.
• Argeian genealogies, i. 81.
• Argeians, attempts of, to recover Thyrea, ii. 447;
  • defeat and destruction of, by Kleomenês, iv. 321;
  • trick of, with their callendar, vii. 65;
  • Epidaurus, vii. 69, 70, 88;
  • at the battle within the Long Walls of Corinth, ix. 333;
  • manœuvres of, respecting the holy truce, ix. 344;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 387;
  • and Mardonius, v. 157.
• Argês, i. 5.
• Argilus, acquisition of, by Brasidas, vi. 406 seq.
• Arginusæ, battle of, viii. 173 seq.;
  • recall, impeachment, defence, and condemnation of the generals at the battle of, viii. 181, 210;
  • inaction of the Athenian fleet after the battle of, viii. 215.
• Argô, the, i. 231.
• Argonautic expedition, i. 231 seq.;
  • monuments of, i. 241 seq.;
  • how and when attached to Kolchis, i. 251;
  • attempts to reconcile the, with geographical knowledge, i. 254 seq.;
  • continued faith in, i. 255;
  • Dr. Warton and M. Ginguené on the, i. 481 n.
• Argos, rise of, coincident with the decline of Mykênæ, i. 165;
  • occupation of, by the Dorians, ii. 6;
  • and neighboring Dorians greater than Sparta, in 776 B. C., ii. 307;
  • Dorian settlements in, ii. 308, 309, 311;
  • early ascendency of, ii. 312, 320;
  • subsequent decline of, ii. 321;
  • acquisitions of Sparta from, ii. 448 seq.;
  • military classification at, ii. 460;
  • struggles of, to recover the headship of Greece, ii. 463 seq.;
  • and Kleônæ, ii. 464;
  • victorious war of Sparta against, B. C. 496-5, iv. 221 seq.;
  • prostration of, B. C. 496-5, iv. 324;
  • assistance of, to Ægina, v. 49;
  • neutrality of, on the invasion of Xerxes, v. 64 seq.;
  • position of, on its alliance with Athens about B. C. 461, v. 319 seq.;
  • uncertain relations between Sparta and, B. C. 421, vii. 3;
  • position of, on the peace of Nikias, vii. 11 seq.;
  • the Thousand-regiment at, vii. 11;
  • induced by the Corinthians to head a new Peloponnesian alliance, B. C. 421, vii. 13;
  • joined by Matinea, vii. 14;
  • joined by the Corinthians, vii. 17, 19;
  • joined by Elis, vii. 19;
  • refusal of Tegea to join, vii. 20;
  • and Sparta, projected alliance between, vii. 24;
  • and Bœotia, projected alliance between, vii. 24 seq.;
  • conclusion of a fifty years’ peace between Sparta and, vii. 28 seq.;
  • and Athens, alliance between, vii. 44, 51 seq.;
  • embassy from, for alliance with Corinth, vii. 61;
  • attack of, upon Epidaurus, vii. 65, 69;
  • invasion of, by the Lacedæmonians and their allies, B. C. 418, vii. 71 seq.;
  • Alkibiadês at, B. C. 418, vii. 75;
  • political change at, through the battle of Mantinea, B. C. 418, vii. 89 seq.;
  • treaty of peace between Sparta and, B. C. 418, vii. 92 seq.;
  • alliance between Sparta and, B. C. 418, vii. 94;
  • renounces alliance with Athens, Elis and Mantinea, vii. 94;
  • oligarchical revolution at, vii, 96, 97;
  • restoration of democracy at, vii. 100;
  • renewed alliance of, with Athens, vii. 101;
  • Alkibiadês at, B. C. 416, vii. 101;
  • Lacedæmonian intervention in behalf of the oligarchy at, vii. 101, 102;
  • envoys from, to the Athenian Demos at Samos, viii. 53;
  • alliance of, with Thebes, Athens, and Corinth, against Sparta, ix. 284;
  • consolidation of Corinth with, ix. 332;
  • expedition of Agesipolis against, ix. 355 seq.;
  • violent intestine feud at, x. 199 seq.
• Argos, Amphilochian, capture of, by Phormio, vi. 121;
  • attack of Ambrakiots on, vi. 180;
  • Eurylochus’s projected attack upon, vi. 302.
• Argus, destruction of Argeians in the grove of, iv. 321.
• Aria, Alexander in, [xii. 189].
• Ariadnê, i. 220 seq.
• Ariæus, flight of, after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 47;
  • and Klearchus, ix. 52, 54;
  • and the Greeks after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 54, 56, 62, 78.
• Aridæus, Philip, [xii. 319], [320], [334].
• Ariobarzanes, intervention of, in Greece, x. 261;
  • revolt of, x. 294 seq.;
  • at the Susian Gates, [xii. 171];
  • death of, [xii. 172].
• Arion, iv. 78 seq.
• Aristagoras and Megabatês, iv. 284;
  • revolt of, iv. 285 seq., 292;
  • application of, to Sparta, iv. 286 seq.;
  • application of, to Athens, iv. 289;
  • march of, to Sardis, iv. 290;
  • desertion of the Ionic revolt by, iv. 296 seq.
• Aristarchus, the Athenian, viii. 82.
• Aristarchus, the Lacedæmonian, ix. 164 seq.
• Aristeidês, constitutional change introduced by, iv. 145;
  • character of, iv. 338 seq.;
  • elected general, iv. 341;
  • banishment of, by ostracism, v. 50;
  • and Themistoklês, rivalry between, v. 50, 273;
  • restoration of, from banishment, v. 110;
  • joins the Greek fleet at Salamis, v. 130;
  • slaughters the Persians at Psyttaleia, v. 136;
  • equitable assessment of, upon the allied Greeks, v. 264 seq.;
  • popularity of, after the Persian war, v. 278;
  • death and poverty of, v. 289.
• Aristeus, vi. 70, 73 seq. 182.
• Aristo and Agêtus, iv. 326.
• Aristocrats, Grecian, bad morality of, vi. 287.
• Aristodêmus, ii. 2 seq.
• Aristodêmus, king of Messenia, ii. 476.
• Aristodêmus Malakus, iii. 359.
• Aristodêmus, “the coward”, v. 94, 188.
• Aristodêmus, the actor, xi. 373.
• Aristodikus, iv. 201.
• Aristogeitôn and Harmodius, iv. 111 seq.
• Aristoklês and Hipponoidas, vii. 85, 89.
• Aristokratês, king of Orchomenus, ii. 428, 437.
• Aristokratês, the Athenian, vii. 368.
• Aristomachê, x. 480.
• Aristomenês, ii. 421, 428 seq.
• Aristonikus of Methymna, [xii. 142], [149].
• Aristophanês, viii. 327;
  • his reason for showing up Sokratês, viii. 408;
  • his attack upon the alleged impiety of Sokratês, i. 400 n.;
  • and Kleon, vi. 482 seq., 488.
• Aristoteles the Spartan, xi. 2.
• Aristotle on Spartan women, ii. 387;
  • on the Spartan laws of property, ii. 408;
  • meaning of the word Sophist in, viii. 354;
  • formal logic of, viii. 429;
  • novelties ascribed to Sokratês by, viii. 424;
  • and Hermeias, xi. 441, 441 n.;
  • instruction of Alexander by, [xii. 3];
  • and Alexander, political views of, compared, [xii. 265] seq.
• Aristoxenus, of Tarentum, xi. 154.
• Aristus and Nikoteles, x. 466.
• Arkas and Kallisto, i. 175.
• Arkesilaus the Second, iv. 40;
  • the Third, iv. 45 seq.
• Arktinus, Æthiopis of, ii. 156.
• Armenia, the Ten Thousand Greeks in, ix. 95 seq.
• Armenus, i. 242.
• Arnold, his edition of Thucydides, viii. 106 n.
• Arrhibæus, vi. 400, 440, 443 seq.
• Arrian on the Amazons, i. 216 seq.;
  • conjecture of, respecting Geryôn, i. 249;
  • on Darius’s plan against Alexander, [xii. 110].
• Arsakes at Antandrus, viii. 114.
• Arsames, [xii. 112].
• Arsinoê, [xii. 469] seq.
• Arsites, [xii. 78], [80].
• Art, Grecian. iv. 98 seq.
• Artabanus, v. 8 seq.
• Artabazus, Xerxes’s general, siege of Potidæa and Olynthus by, v. 142;
  • jealousy of, against Mardonius, v. 160;
  • conduct of, at and after the battle of Platæa, v. 180, 182;
  • and Pausanias, v. 254, 268.
• Artabazus, satrap of Daskylium, xi. 230, 257, 300.
• Artabazus, Darius’s general, [xii. 183], [184], [188].
• Artaphernês, satrap of Sardis, Hippias’s application to, iv. 277;
  • and Histiæus, iv. 298, 309;
  • proceedings of, after the conquest of Ionia, iv. 311;
  • and Datis, Persian armament under, iv. 329;
  • return of, to Asia, after the battle of Marathon, iv. 362.
• Artaphernês, the Persian envoy, vi. 360 seq.
• Artaxerxes Longimanus, v. 285 seq., vi. 361 seq.
• Artaxerxes Mnemon, accession of, ix. 7;
  • and Cyrus the Younger, viii. 312; ix. 7, 42 seq.;
  • at Kunaxa, ix. 42 seq., 48, 52;
  • death of, x. 366.
• Artayktês, v. 198 seq.
• Artemis, i. 10;
  • worship of, in Asia, iii. 170.
• Artemis Limnatis, temple of, ii. 424.
• Artemisia, v. 119, 133, 139.
• Artemisium, resolution of Greeks to oppose Xerxes at, v. 71;
  • Greek fleet at, v. 79, 80, 97 seq.;
  • sea-fight off, v. 99, 101;
  • retreat of the Greek fleet from, to Salamis, v. 102.
• Arthur, romances of, i. 476.
• Artisans, at Athens, iii. 136 seq.
• Arts, rudimentary state of, in Homeric and Hesiodic Greece, ii. 116.
• Aryandes, Persian satrap of Egypt, iv. 47.
• Asia, twelve Ionic cities in, iii. 172 seq.;
  • Æolic cities in, iii. 190 seq.;
  • collective civilization in, without individual freedom or development, iii. 303;
  • state of, before the Persian monarchy, iv. 182;
  • conquests of Cyrus the Great in, iv. 209;
  • expedition of Greek fleet against, B. C. 478, v. 253;
  • Alkibiadês in, viii. 144, 153 seq., 311 seq.;
  • expedition of Timotheus to, x. 252, 294 seq.;
  • Agesilaus in, x. 294, 296;
  • measures of Alexander before going to, [xii. 67];
  • passage of Alexander to, [xii. 69];
  • review of Alexander’s army in, [xii. 72];
  • cities founded by Alexander in, [xii. 267];
  • Hellenized by the Diadochi, not by Alexander, [xii. 269];
  • how far really Hellenized, [xii. 270].
• Asia Minor, Greeks in, ii. 235;
  • non-Hellenic people of, iii. 203, 205 seq.;
  • features of the country of, iii. 205;
  • Phrygian music and worship among Greeks in, iii. 212;
  • predominance of female influence in the legends of, iii. 222;
  • Cimmerian invasion of, iii. 245 seq.;
  • conquest of, by the Persians, iv. 201;
  • arrival of Cyrus the Younger in, viii. 135, 137.
• Asia, Upper, Scythian invasion of, iii. 253.
• Asiatic customs and religion blended with Hellenic in the Trôad, i. 338.
• Asiatic Dorians, iii. 201, 202.
• Asiatic frenzy grafted on the joviality of the Grecian Dionysia, i. 35.
• Asiatic Greece, deposition of despots of, by Aristagoras, iv. 245.
• Asiatic Greeks, conquest of, by Crœsus, iii. 259 seq.;
  • state of, after Cyrus’s conquest of Lydia, iv. 198;
  • application of, to Sparta, B. C. 546, iv. 199;
  • alliance with, against Persia, abandoned by the Athenians, iv. 291;
  • successes of Persians against, iv. 294;
  • reconquest of, after the fall of Milêtus, iv. 306;
  • first step to the ascendency of Athens over, v. 198;
  • not tributary to Persia between B. C. 477 and 412, v. 339 n.;
  • surrender of, to Persia, by Sparta, ix. 205;
  • and Tissaphernes, x. 206; ix. 207;
  • application of to Sparta for aid against Tissaphernes, ix. 207;
  • after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 26 seq.;
  • Spartan project for the rescue of, x. 44.
• Asidates, ix. 172.
• Askalaphus and Ialmenus, i. 130.
• Asklepiadês of Myrlea, legendary discoveries of, i. 247 n. 4.
• Asklêpiads, i. 181.
• Asklêpius, i. 178 seq.
• Asopius, son of Phormio, vi. 231.
• Asopus, Greeks and Persians at, before the battle of Platæa, v. 158 seq.
• Aspasia, vi. 98 seq.
• Aspendus, Phenician fleet at, B. C. 411, viii. 99, 100, 114;
  • Alkibiadês at, viii. 99;
  • Alkibiadês, return from, to Samos, viii. 116;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 100].
• Aspis, [xii. 421].
• Assembly, Spartan popular, ii. 345, 356;
  • Athenian judicial, iv. 137, 140 seq.;
  • Athenian political, iv. 139.
• Assyria, relations of, with Egypt, iii. 324.
• Assyrian kings, their command of human labor, iii. 302.
• Assyrians and Medes, iii. 224 seq., 290 seq.;
  • contrasted with Phenicians, Greeks, and Egyptians, iii. 303;
  • and Phenicians, effect of, on the Greek mind, iii. 343 seq.
• Astakus, vi. 135, 141.
• Asteria, i. 6.
• Asterius, i. 220.
• Astræus, i. 6; and Eôs, children of, i. 6.
• Astronomy, physical, thought impious by ancient Greeks, i. 346 n.;
  • and physics, knowledge of, among the early Greeks, ii. 114.
• Astyages, story of, iv. 182 seq.
• Astyanax, death of, i. 305.
• Astyochus, expedition of, to Ionia, vii. 383;
  • at Lesbos, vii. 384;
  • at Chios and the opposite coast, vii. 391;
  • accidental escape of, vii. 392;
  • and Pedaritus, vii. 393, 394;
  • and Tissaphernês, treaty between, vii. 395 seq.;
  • mission of Lichas and others respecting, vii. 397;
  • victory of, over Charmînus, and junction with Antisthenês, vii. 397;
  • at Rhodes, viii. 94;
  • at Milêtus, viii. 97;
  • recall of, viii. 98.
• Atalanta, i. 56, 145 seq.
• Atarneus, captured and garrisoned by Derkyllidas, ix. 219;
  • Hermeias of, xi. 441, and n. 3.
• Atê, i. 7.
• Athamas, i. 123 seq.
• Athenagoras, vii. 184 seq.
• Athênê, birth of, i. 10;
  • various representations of, i. 54;
  • her dispute with Poseidon, i. 56, 191;
  • Chalkiœkus, temple of, and Pausanias, v. 272;
  • Polias, reported prodigy in the temple of, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 109.
• Athenian, victims for the Minôtaur, i. 221;
  • ceremonies commemorative of the destruction of the Minôtaur, i. 223;
  • democracy, Kleisthenês, the real author of, iv. 139;
  • people, judicial attributes of, iv. 140;
  • nobles, early violence of, iv. 152;
  • energy, development of, after Kleisthenês’s revolution, iv. 176;
  • seamen, contrasted with the Ionians at Ladê, iv. 300;
  • dikasts, temper of, in estimating past services, iv. 372;
  • democracy, origin of the apparent fickleness of, iv. 375 seq.;
  • envoy, speech of, to Gelo, v. 219;
  • parties and politics, effect of the Persian war upon, v. 274 seq.;
  • empire, v. 290 seq., 304 n. 2, 346, vi. 398 seq., 44 n., 48; viii. 281-290;
  • power, increase of, after the formation of the Delian confederacy, v. 313;
  • auxiliaries to Sparta against the Helots, v. 317 seq.;
  • democracy, consummation of, v. 380;
  • armament against Samos, under Periklês, Sophoklês, etc., vi. 26 seq.;
  • private citizens, redress of the allies against, vi. 38;
  • assembly, speeches of the Korkyræan and Corinthian envoys to, vi. 58 seq.;
  • navel attack, vi. 63;
  • envoy, reply of, to the Corinthian envoy, at the Spartan assembly, vi. 85 seq.;
  • expedition to ravage Peloponnesus, B. C. 431, vi. 134;
  • armament to Potidæa and Chalkidic Thrace, B. C. 429, vi. 191;
  • assembly, debates in, respecting Mitylênê. vi. 244, 248 seq.;
  • assembly, about the Lacedæmonian prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 328 seq.;
  • assembly, on Demosthenes’ application for reinforcements to attack Sphakteria, vi. 334 seq.;
  • hoplites, at the battle of Amphipolis, vi. 477;
  • fleet, operations of, near Messênê and Rhegium, B. C. 425, vii. 133;
  • assembly and the expedition to Sicily, vii. 145, 147 seq., 279;
  • treasury, abundance in, B. C. 415, vii. 164;
  • fleet in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 302, 303 seq., 315 seq., 325 seq.;
  • prisoners at Syracuse, vii. 344 seq.;
  • fleet at Samos, B. C. 412, vii. 394;
  • democracy, securities in, against corruption, vii. 402;
  • assembly, vote of, in favor of oligarchical change, viii. 14;
  • assembly, at Kolônus, viii. 35;
  • democracy, reconstitution of, at Samos, viii. 46;
  • squadron, escape of from Sestos to Elæus, viii. 105;
  • fleet at Kynossêma, viii. 109 seq.;
  • fleet at Abydos, viii. 117 seq.;
  • fleet, concentration of, at Kardia, viii. 120;
  • fleet, at the Bosphorus, B. C. 410, viii. 127;
  • fleet at Arginusæ, viii. 170 seq.;
  • assembly, debate in, on the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 178-186, 190-194;
  • fleet, inaction of, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 211;
  • fleet, removal of, from Samos to Ægospotami, viii. 215;
  • fleet, capture of, at Ægospotami, viii. 216 seq.;
  • kleruchs and allies after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 223;
  • tragedy, growth of, viii. 317, 319;
  • mind, influence of comedy on, viii. 331 seq.;
  • character not corrupted between B. C. 480 and 405, viii. 374 seq.;
  • confederacy, new, B. C. 378, x. 192 seq.;
  • and Theban cavalry, battle of, near Mantinea, B. C. 362, x. 333 seq.;
  • marine, reform in the administration of, by Demosthenês, xi. 462 seq.
• Athenians and the Hêrakleids, i. 94;
  • and Sigeium, i. 339;
  • and Samians, contrast between, iv. 247;
  • active patriotism of, between B. C. 500-400, iv. 178;
  • diminished active sentiment of, after the Thirty Tyrants, iv. 180;
  • alliance with Asiatic Greeks abandoned by, iv. 291;
  • Darius’s revenge against, iv. 297;
  • terror and sympathy of, on the capture of Milêtus, iv. 309;
  • appeal of, to Sparta, against the Medism of Ægina, iv. 318;
  • condition and character of, B. C. 490, iv. 334;
  • application of, to Sparta, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 341;
  • victory of, at Marathon, iv. 348 seq., 358;
  • alleged fickleness and ingratitude of, towards Miltiadês, iv. 370 seq.;
  • answers of the Delphian oracle to, on the eve of Xerxes’s invasion, v. 59;
  • Pan-Hellenic patriotism of, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 63 seq.;
  • hopeless situation of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106;
  • conduct of, on the approach of Xerxes, v. 107, seq.;
  • victory of, at Salamis, v. 115, 132 seq.;
  • honor awarded to, after the battle of Salamis, v. 146;
  • under Pausanias in Bœotia, v. 164;
  • and Alexander of Macedon, before the battle of Platæa, v. 170;
  • and Spartans at Platæa, v. 171, 174;
  • victory of, at Platæa, v. 179 seq.;
  • and continental Ionians, after the battle of Mykalê, v. 199;
  • attack the Chersonese, B. C. 479, v. 200;
  • the leaders of Grecian progress after the battle of Salamis, v. 242;
  • rebuild their city after the battle of Platæa, v. 243;
  • effect of the opposition to the fortification of Athens upon, v. 246;
  • induced by Themistoklês to build twenty new triremes annually, v. 252;
  • activity of, in the first ten years of their hegemony, v. 294 seq., 303;
  • renounce the alliance of Sparta, and join Argos and Thessaly, v. 319 seq.;
  • proceedings of, in Cyprus, Phœnicia, Egypt, and Megara, B. C. 460, v. 321;
  • defeat the Æginetans, B. C. 459, v. 323;
  • defeat of at Tanagra, v. 328;
  • victory of, at Œnophyta, v. 331;
  • sail round Peloponnesus under Tolmidês, v. 331;
  • march against Thessaly, v. 334;
  • defeat and losses of, in Egypt, B. C. 460-455, v. 383;
  • victories of, at Cyprus, under Anaxikratês, v. 337;
  • defeat of, at Korôneia, v. 348;
  • personal activity of, after the reforms of Periklês and Ephialtês, vi. 1;
  • settlements of, in the Ægean, during the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 11;
  • pride of, in the empire of Athens, vi. 9;
  • decision of, respecting Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 62;
  • victory of near Potidæa, vi. 73;
  • blockade of Potidæa by, vi. 74;
  • counter-demand of, upon Sparta, for expiation of sacrilege, vi. 105;
  • final answer of, to the Spartans before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 110;
  • expel the Æginetans from Ægina, B. C. 431, vi. 186;
  • ravage of the Megarid by, in the Peloponnesian war, vi. 137;
  • irritation of, at their losses from the plague and the Peloponnesians, vi. 164;
  • energetic demonstration of, B. C. 428, vi. 226;
  • their feeling and conduct towards the revolted Mitylenæans, vi. 249 seq., 255 seq.;
  • and Lacedæmonians at Pylus, armistice between, vi. 324;
  • demands of, in return for the release of the Lacedæmonians in Sphakteria, vi. 329;
  • and Bœotians, debate between, after the battle of Delium, B. C. 424, vi. 393 seq.;
  • discontent of, with Sparta, on the non-fulfilment of the peace of Nikias, vii. 10;
  • recapture of Skiônê by, vii. 22;
  • and Amphipolis, vii. 104, xi. 215, 233 seq.;
  • siege and capture of Mêlos by, vii. 109 seq.;
  • treatment of Alkibiadês by, for his alleged profanation of the mysteries, vii. 211 seq.;
  • victory of, near the Olympieion at Syracuse, vii. 221 seq.;
  • forbearance of, towards Nikias, vii. 227 seq.;
  • not responsible for the failure of the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 227 n.;
  • defeat of, at Epipolæ, B. C. 414, vii. 277;
  • conduct of, on receiving Nikias’s despatch, B. C. 414, vii. 279, 280 seq.;
  • victory of, in the harbor of Syracuse, B. C. 413, vii. 316;
  • and Syracusans, conflicts between, in the Great Harbor, vii. 291, 294 seq., 317 seq., 323 seq.;
  • postponement of their retreat from Syracuse by an eclipse of the moon, vii. 315;
  • blockade of, in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 319 seq., 329 seq.;
  • and Corinthians near Naupaktus, vii. 358 seq.;
  • resolutions of, after the disaster at Syracuse, vii. 362 seq.;
  • suspicions of, about Chios, vii. 368;
  • defeat Alkamenês and the Peloponnesian fleet, vii. 369;
  • effect of the Chian revolt on, vii. 372;
  • harassing operations of, against Chios, B. C. 412, vii. 345 seq., 391, 393;
  • victory of, near Milêtus, B. C. 412, vii. 385, 387;
  • retirement of, from Milêtus, B. C. 412, vii. 388;
  • naval defeat of, near Eretria, B. C. 411, viii. 72 seq.;
  • moderation of, on the deposition of the Thirty and the Four Hundred, viii. 88 seq., 300 seq.;
  • victory of, at Kyzikus, viii. 121;
  • convention of, with Pharnabazus, about Chalkêdon, viii. 132;
  • capture of Byzantium by, viii. 134;
  • different behavior of, towards Alkibiadês and Nikias, viii. 158;
  • victory of, at Arginusæ, viii. 173 seq.;
  • remorse of, after the death of the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 205;
  • first proposals of, to Sparta after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 227;
  • repayment of the Lacedæmonians by, after the restoration of the democracy, B. C. 403, viii. 305;
  • their treatment of Dorieus, ix. 272 seq.;
  • restoration of the Long Walls at Corinth by, ix. 338;
  • and Evagoras of Cyprus, ix. 365, 375;
  • successes of Antalkidas against, ix. 344;
  • their alleged envy of distinguished generals, x. 108 n. 2;
  • and Alexander of Pheræ, x. 283;
  • project of, to seize Corinth, B. C. 366, x. 289;
  • and Charidemus in the Chersonese, B. C. 360-358, x. 377 seq.;
  • the alliance of Olynthus rejected by, B. C. 358, xi. 236;
  • their remissness in assisting Methônê, xi. 260;
  • change in the character of, between B. C. 431 and 360, xi. 279;
  • prompt resistance of, to Philip at Thermopylæ, xi. 296;
  • expedition of, to Olynthus, B. C. 349, xi. 346;
  • capture of, at Olynthus, xi. 365, 372;
  • letters of Philip to, xi. 411, 416, 417;
  • and the Phokians at Thermopylæ, B. C. 374-346, xi. 418 seq.;
  • letter of Philip to, declaring war, B. C. 340, xi. 456 seq.;
  • refusal of, to take part in the Amphiktyonic proceedings against Amphissa, xi. 478;
  • Philip asks the Thebans to assist in attacking, xi. 483 seq.;
  • and Thebans, war of, against Philip in Phokis, xi. 493, 495 seq.;
  • and Philip, peace of Demades between, xi. 507 seq.;
  • their recognition of Philip as head of Greece, xi. 507, 511 seq.;
  • captured at the Granikus, [xii. 105];
  • champions of the liberation of Greece, B. C. 323, [xii. 312];
  • helpless condition of, B. C. 302-301, [xii. 385].
• Athens, historical, impersonal authority of law in, ii. 81;
  • treatment of homicide in, ii. 92 seq.;
  • military classification at, ii. 460;
  • meagre history of, before Drako, iii. 48;
  • tribunals for homicide at, iii. 77;
  • local superstitions at, about trial of homicide, iii. 79;
  • pestilence and suffering at, after the Kylonian massacre, iii. 82;
  • and Megara, war between, about Salamis, iii. 90 seq.;
  • acquisition of Salamis by, iii. 91 seq.;
  • state of, immediately before the legislation of Solon, iii. 93 seq.;
  • rights of property sacred at, iii. 105, 112 seq.;
  • rate of interest free at, iii. 108;
  • political rights of Solon’s four classes at, iii. 120 seq.;
  • democracy at, begins with Kleisthenês, iii. 127;
  • distinction between the democracy at, and Solon’s constitution, iii. 131;
  • Solon’s departure from, iii. 147;
  • Solon’s return to, iii. 153;
  • connection of, with Thracian Chersonesus, under Peisistratus, iv. 117 seq.;
  • after the expulsion of Hippias, iv. 126;
  • introduction of universal admissibility to office at, iv. 145;
  • necessity for creating a constitutional morality at, in the time of Kleisthenês, iv. 153;
  • application of, for alliance with Persia, iv. 165;
  • and Platæa, first connection between, iv. 166;
  • successes of, against Bœotians and Chalkidians, iv. 170;
  • war of Ægina against, iv. 173, 316;
  • application of Aristagoras to, iv. 289;
  • treatment of Darius’s herald at, iv. 316;
  • traitors at, B. C. 490, iv. 356, 358;
  • penal procedure at, iv. 368 n.;
  • and Ægina war between, from B. C. 488 to 481, v. 47, 49 seq., 50, 53, 323;
  • first growth of the naval force of, v. 51;
  • fleet of, the salvation of Greece, v. 53;
  • and Sparta, no heralds sent from Xerxes to, v. 57;
  • Pan-Hellenic congress convened by, at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 58 seq.;
  • and Ægina, occupation of, Xerxes, v. 109, 112 seq.;
  • Mardonius at, v. 154 seq.;
  • first step to the separate ascendancy of, over Asiatic Greeks, v. 200;
  • conduct of, in the repulse of the Persians, v. 242;
  • Long Walls at, v. 244 seq., 322 seq., ix. 325 seq.;
  • plans of Themistoklês for the naval aggrandizement of, v. 249 seq.;
  • increase of metics and commerce at, after the enlargement of Piræus, v. 251;
  • headship of the allied Greeks transferred from Sparta to, v. 256 seq.;
  • and Sparta, first open separation between, v. 258 seq., 290;
  • proceedings of, on being made leader of the allied Greeks, v. 263 seq.;
  • stimulus to democracy at, from the Persian war, v. 275;
  • changes in the Kleisthenean constitution at, after the Persian war, v. 275 seq.;
  • long-sighted ambition imputed to, v. 293;
  • enforcing sanction of the confederacy of Delos exercised by, v. 298;
  • increasing power and unpopularity of among the allied Greeks, v. 299 seq.;
  • as guardian of the Ægean against piracy, between B. C. 476-466, v. 304;
  • bones of Theseus conveyed to, v. 304, 305;
  • quarrel of, with Thasos, B. C. 465, v. 309, 311;
  • first attempt of, to found a city at Ennea Hodoi on the Strymon, v. 310;
  • alliance of, with Megara, B. C. 461, v. 321;
  • growing hatred of Corinth and neighboring states to, B. C. 461, v. 321;
  • war of, with Corinth, Ægina, etc., B. C. 459, v. 322 seq.;
  • reconciliation between leaders and parties at, after the battle of Tanagra, v. 329;
  • acquisition of Bœotia, Phokis, and Lokris by, v. 331;
  • and the Peloponnesians, five years’ truce between, v. 334;
  • and Persia, treaty between, B. C. 450, v. 335 seq.;
  • fund of the confederacy transferred from Delos to, v. 343;
  • position and prospects of, about B. C. 448, v. 344 seq.;
  • commencement of the decline of, v. 346 seq.;
  • and Delphi, B. C. 452-447, v. 346;
  • loss of Bœotia by, v. 347 seq.;
  • despondency at, after the defeat at Korôneia, v. 350;
  • and Sparta, thirty years’ truce between, v. 350;
  • and Megara, feud between, v. 351;
  • magistrates and Areopagus in early, v. 352;
  • increase of democratical sentiment at, between the time of Aristeidês and of Periklês, v. 355;
  • choice of magistrates by lot at, v. 355;
  • oligarchical party at, v. 361;
  • maritime empire of, vi. 2 seq., viii. 281-293, ix. 199 seq.;
  • maritime revenue of, vi. 5 seq., 6, n. 1, 36;
  • commercial relations of, in the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 11;
  • political condition of, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 15 seq.;
  • improvements in the city of, under Periklês, vi. 20 seq., 23 seq.;
  • Periklês’s attempt to convene a Grecian congress at, vi. 25;
  • application of the Samians to Sparta for aid against, vi. 29;
  • funeral ceremony of slain warriors at, vi. 31;
  • and her subject-allies, vi. 33 seq., 48;
  • and Sparta, confederacies of, vi. 49;
  • reinforcement from, to Korkyra against Corinth, vi. 57 seq., 67;
  • and Corinth, after the second naval battle between Corinth and Korkyra, vi., 69 seq.;
  • and Perdikkas, vi. 71 seq., 449, seq., vii. 96;
  • non-aggressive, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 76;
  • Megara prohibited from trading with, vi. 76;
  • hostility of the Corinthians to, after their defeat near Potidæa, vi. 77;
  • discussion and decision of the Spartan assembly upon war with, B. C. 431, vi. 79 seq.;
  • position and prospects of, on commencing the Peloponnesian war, vi. 94 seq., 113 seq., 121 seq.;
  • requisitions addressed to, by Sparta, B. C. 431, vi. 97 seq., 106 seq.;
  • assembly at, on war with Sparta, B. C. 431, vi. 108 seq.;
  • conduct of, on the Theban night-surprise of Platæa, vi. 119 seq.;
  • and the Akarnanians, alliance between, vi. 121;
  • crowding of population into, on Archidamus’s invasion of Attica, vi. 129;
  • and Sicily, relations of, altered by the quarrel between Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 130;
  • clamor at, on Archidamus’s ravage of Acharnæ, vi. 131;
  • measures for the permanent defence of, B. C. 431, vi. 138 seq.;
  • alliance of Stitalkês with, vi. 141, 215 seq.;
  • freedom of individual thought and action at, vi. 149 seq.;
  • position of, at the time of Periklês’s funeral oration, vi. 152;
  • the plague at, vi. 154 seq., 293;
  • proceedings of, on learning the revolt of Mitylênê, vi. 223;
  • exhausted treasury of, B. C. 428, vi. 232;
  • new politicians at, after Periklês, vi. 245 seq.;
  • revolutions at, contrasted with those at Korkyra, vi. 283;
  • political clubs at, vi. 290;
  • and the prisoners in Sphakteria vi. 325 seq., 353 seq., vii. 6 seq.;
  • fluctuation of feeling at, as to the Peloponnesian war, vi. 355;
  • and her Thracian subject-allies, vi. 405 seq.;
  • and Brasidas’s conquests in Thrace, vi. 413;
  • and Sparta, one year’s truce between, B. C. 423, vi. 432 seq.;
  • and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 423-422, vi. 449, 452 seq.;
  • necessity for voluntary accusers at, vi. 486;
  • and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 421, vii. 5;
  • application of Corinthians to, B. C. 421, vii. 20;
  • Lacedæmonian envoys at, about Panaktum and Pylus, B. C. 420, vii. 29;
  • and Argos, alliance between, B. C. 420, vii. 43 seq.;
  • convention of, with Argos, Mantineia, and Elis, B. C. 420, vii. 49 seq.;
  • policy of, attempted by Alkibiades, B. C. 419, vii. 62 seq.;
  • attack of, upon Epidaurus, B. C. 419, vii. 64, 66;
  • and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 419, vii. 69;
  • and Argos, renewed alliance between, B. C. 417, vii. 101;
  • and Sparta, relations between, B. C. 416, vii. 103;
  • Sicilian expedition, vii. 132, 142, 144 seq., 163 seq., 364 seq.;
  • mutilation of the Hermæ at, vii. 167 seq., 197 seq.;
  • injurious effects of Alkibiadês’s banishment upon, B. C. 415, vii. 216;
  • Nikias’s despatch to, for reinforcements, B. C. 414, vii. 274 seq.;
  • and Sparta, violation of the peace between, B. C. 414, vii. 286;
  • effects of the Lacedæmonian occupation of Dekeleia on, vii. 354 seq.;
  • dismissal of Thracian mercenaries from, 357 seq.;
  • revolt of Chios, Erythræ, and Klazomenæ from, B. C. 412, vii. 371;
  • appropriation of the reserve fund at, vii. 373;
  • loss of Teos by, B. C. 412, vii. 374;
  • revolt of Lebedos and Eræ from, B. C. 412, vii. 375;
  • loss and recovery of Lesbos by, B. C. 412, vii. 384 seq.;
  • recovery of Klazomenæ by, B. C. 412, vii. 384;
  • rally of, during the year after the disaster at Syracuse, viii. 1;
  • conspiracy of the Four Hundred at, viii. 1, 7 seq., 31 seq.;
  • loss of Orôpus by, viii. 25;
  • arrival of the Paralus at, from Samos, viii. 30;
  • constitutional morality of, viii. 25;
  • restoration of democracy at, B. C. 411, viii. 69 seq., 77 seq., 81 seq., 89;
  • contrast between oligarchy at, and democracy at Samos, B. C. 411, viii. 91 seq.;
  • revolt of Byzantium from, B. C. 411, viii. 97;
  • revolt of Abydos and Lampsakus from, viii. 94;
  • revolt of Kyzikus from, viii. 112;
  • zeal of Pharnabazus against, viii. 113;
  • proposals of peace from Sparta to, B. C. 410, viii. 122 seq.;
  • return of Alkibiadês to, B. C. 407, viii. 145 seq.;
  • fruitless attempt of Agis to surprise, B. C. 407, viii. 150;
  • complaints at, against Alkibiadês, B. C. 407, viii. 152 seq.;
  • conflicting sentiments at, caused by the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 175;
  • alleged proposals of peace from Sparta to, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 210;
  • condition of her dependencies, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 213 seq.;
  • oath of mutual harmony at, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 225;
  • surrender of, to Lysander, viii. 226 seq.;
  • return of oligarchical exiles to, B. C. 404, viii. 234;
  • oligarchical party at, B. C. 404, viii. 235;
  • imprisonment of Strombichidês and other democrats at, B. C. 404, viii. 236;
  • the Thirty tyrants at, viii. 237, 240 seq., ix. 182 seq., 186 seq., 198;
  • Lacedæmonian garrison at, under Kallibius, viii. 242;
  • alteration of feeling in Greece after the capture of, by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275;
  • restoration of Thrasybulus and the exiles to, viii. 279;
  • restoration of the democracy at, B. C. 403, viii. 280, 294, 295, 295 seq., 308 seq.;
  • condition of, B. C. 405-403, viii. 293;
  • abolition of Hellenotamiæ and restriction of citizenship at B. C. 403, viii. 310 seq.;
  • development of dramatic genius at, between the time of Kleisthenês and of Eukleidês, viii. 318 seq., 327 seq.;
  • accessibility of the theatre at, viii. 321;
  • growth of rhetoric and philosophy at, viii. 338 seq.;
  • literary and philosophical antipathy at, viii. 348;
  • enlargement of the field of education at, viii. 349;
  • sophists at, viii. 350 seq., 399;
  • banishment of Xenophon from, ix. 175;
  • Theban application to, for aid against Sparta, B. C. 395, ix. 291 seq.;
  • alliance of Thebes, Corinth, Argos and, against Sparta, ix. 301;
  • contrast between political conflicts at, and at Corinth, ix. 330 n. 3;
  • alarm at, on the Lacedæmonian capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, ix. 340;
  • and Ægina, B. C. 389, ix. 372 seq.;
  • financial condition of, from B. C. 403 to 387, ix. 378 seq.;
  • creation of the Theôric Board at, ix. 379;
  • property-taxes at, ix. 380 n.;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, x. 2, 12;
  • applications of, to Persia, B. C. 413, x. 7, 8;
  • and Evagoras, x. 18 seq.;
  • naval competition of, with Sparta, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 42 seq.;
  • and Macedonia, contrast between, x. 47;
  • Theban exiles at, after the seizure of the Kadmeia by Phœbidas, x. 61, 80 seq.;
  • condemnation of the generals at, who had favored the enterprise of Pelopidas, x. 96;
  • contrast between judicial procedure at, and at Sparta, x. 102;
  • hostility of, to Sparta, and alliance with Thebes, B. C. 378, x. 102 seq.;
  • exertions of, to form a new maritime confederacy, B. C. 378, x. 103 seq.;
  • absence of Athenian generals from, x. 108 n. 2;
  • synod of new confederates at, B. C. 378, x. 112;
  • nature and duration of the Solonian census at, x. 113 seq.;
  • new census at, in the archonship of Nausinikus, x. 115 seq.;
  • symmories at, x. 117 seq.;
  • financial difficulties of, B. C. 374, x. 133;
  • displeasure of, against Thebes, B. C. 374, x. 133, 159;
  • separate peace of, with the Lacedæmonians, B. C. 374, x. 137, 141;
  • disposition of, towards peace with Sparta, B. C. 372, x. 158, 164;
  • and the dealings of Thebes with Platæa and Thespiæ, B. C. 372, x. 162 seq.;
  • and the peace of, B. C. 371, x. 167, 172;
  • and Sparta, difference between in passive endurance and active energy, x. 187;
  • the Theban victory at Leuktra not well received at, x. 189;
  • at the head of a new Peloponnesian land confederacy, B. C. 371, x. 201;
  • application of Arcadians to, for aid against Sparta, B. C. 370, x. 213;
  • application of Sparta, Corinth, and Phlius to, for aid against Thebes, B. C. 369, x. 234 seq.;
  • ambitious views of, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 244 seq.;
  • and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 369, x. 253;
  • embassies from, to Persia, x. 278, 280, 293;
  • loss of Orôpus by, B. C. 366, x. 286;
  • alliance of, with Arcadia, B. C. 366, x. 288;
  • partial readmission of, to the Chersonese, B. C. 365, x. 295 seq.;
  • and Kotys, x. 298 seq., 372, 373;
  • Theban naval operations against, under Epaminondas, x. 303 seq.;
  • naval operations of Alexander of Pheræ against, x. 370;
  • and Miltokythes, x. 372;
  • restoration of the Chersonese to, B. C. 358, x. 379;
  • transmarine empire of, B. C. 358, x. 381;
  • condition of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 199;
  • proceedings of Philip towards, on his accession, xi. 212;
  • and Eubœa, xi. 217 seq., 340 seq.;
  • surrender of the Chersonese to, B. C. 358, xi. 219;
  • revolt of Chios, Kos, Rhodes, and Byzantium from, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231;
  • armaments and operations of, in the Hellespont, B. C. 357, xi. 224;
  • loss of power to, from the Social War, xi. 232;
  • Philip’s hostilities against, B. C. 358-356, xi. 237;
  • recovery of Sestos by, B. C. 353, xi. 257;
  • intrigues of Kersobleptes and Philip against, B. C. 353, xi. 258;
  • countenance of the Phokians by, B. C. 353, xi. 262;
  • applications of Sparta and Megalopolis to, B. C. 353, xi. 263, 290;
  • alarm about Persia at, B. C. 354, xi. 285;
  • Philip’s naval operations against, B. C. 351, xi. 304 seq.;
  • and Olynthus, xi. 326, 331, 334, 345 seq., 365, 372;
  • and Philip overtures for peace between, B. C. 348 xi. 368 seq.;
  • application of the Phokians to, for aid against Philip at Thermopylæ, xi. 376 seq.;
  • embassies to Philip from, xi. 379 seq.; 401 seq., 422, 430 seq.;
  • resolution of the synod of allies at, respecting Philip, xi. 388;
  • assemblies at, in the presence of the Macedonian envoys, xi. 390 seq.;
  • envoys from Philip to, xi. 386, 387, 390, 398, 401;
  • motion of Philokrates for peace and alliance between Philip and, xi. 390 seq.;
  • ratification of peace and alliance between Philip and, xi. 398 seq., 429 seq.;
  • alarm and displeasure at, on the surrender of Thermopylæ to Philip, xi. 423;
  • professions of Philip to, after his conquest of Thermopylæ, xi. 425;
  • and the honors conferred upon Philip by the Amphiktyons, xi. 429;
  • and Philip, formal peace between, from B. C. 346 to 340, xi. 442;
  • mission of Python from Philip to, xi. 446;
  • and Philip, proposed amendments in the peace of, B. C. 346, between, xi. 446 seq.;
  • and Philip, disputes between, about the Bosporus and Hellespont, xi. 450;
  • increased influence of Demosthenes at, B. C. 341-338, xi. 452;
  • services of Kalias the Chalkidian to, B. C. 341, xi. 452;
  • and Philip, declaration of war between, B. C. 340, xi. 455 seq.;
  • votes of thanks from Byzantium and the Chersonese to, xi. 461;
  • accusation of the Amphissians against, at the Amphiktyonic assembly, B. C. 339, xi. 470 seq.;
  • and Thebes, unfriendly relations between, B. C. 339, xi. 484;
  • proceedings at, on Philip’s fortification of Elateia and application to Thebes for aid, xi. 484 seq. 491;
  • and Thebes, alliance of, against Philip, B. C. 339, xi. 490;
  • Demosthenes crowned at, xi. 493, 495;
  • proceedings at, on the defeat at Chæroneia, xi. 502 seq.;
  • lenity of Philip towards, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 505;
  • means of resistance at, after the battle of, Chæroneia, xi. 508;
  • honorary votes at, in favor of Philip, xi. 509;
  • sentiment at, on the death of Philip, [xii. 10];
  • submission of, to Alexander, [xii. 12];
  • conduct of, on Alexander’s violation of the convention at Corinth, [xii. 17] seq.;
  • proceedings at, on the destruction of Thebes by Alexander, [xii. 44];
  • Alexander demands the surrender of anti-Macedonian leaders at, [xii. 45];
  • pacific policy of, in Alexander’s time, [xii. 277] seq.;
  • position of parties at, during and after the anti-Macedonian struggle of Agis, [xii. 286];
  • submission of, to Antipater, [xii. 322] seq.;
  • state of parties at, on the proclamation of Polysperchon, [xii. 345];
  • Kassander gets possession of, [xii. 361]; under Demetrius Phalereus, [xii. 362] seq.;
  • census at, under Demetrius Phalereus, [xii. 363];
  • Demetrius Poliorketes at, [xii. 373] seq., [382], [384] seq., [388];
  • alteration of sentiment at, between B. C. 338 and 307, [xii. 376];
  • in B. C. 501 and 307, contrast between, [xii. 377];
  • restrictive law against philosophers at, B. C. 307, [xii. 379];
  • embassy to Antigonus from, [xii. 380];
  • political nullity of, in the generation after Demosthenes, [xii. 392];
  • connection of, with Bosporus or Pantikapæum, [xii. 480] seq.
• Athos, iv. 23;
  • colonies in, iv. 25;
  • Mardonius’s fleet destroyed near, iv. 314;
  • Xerxes’s canal through, v. 21 seq.
• Atlas, i. 6, 8, 9.
• Atossa, iv. 252.
• Atreids, i. 157.
• Atreus, i. 155 seq.
• Atropos, i. 7.
• Attalus, the Macedonian, xi. 513;
  • and Pausanias, xi. 515;
  • death of, xi. 518.
• Attalus, uncle of Kleopatra, death of, xi. 8.
• Attic legends, i. 191 seq.;
  • chronology. commencement of, iii. 49;
  • gentes, iii. 54 seq.;
  • demes, iii. 63, 66, 68, iv. 133 n.;
  • law of debtor and creditor, iii. 99, 109 n.;
  • scale, ratio of, to the Æginæan and Euboic, iii. 171;
  • Dionysia, iv. 69.
• Attica original distribution of, i. 193;
  • division of, by Kekrops, i. 195;
  • obscurity of the civil condition of, before Solon, iii. 49;
  • alleged duodecimal division of, in early times, iii. 50;
  • four Ionic tribes in, iii. 50 seq.;
  • original separation and subsequent consolidation of communities in, iii. 69;
  • long continuance of the cantonal feeling in, iii. 70;
  • state of, after Solon’s legislation, iii. 154;
  • Spartan expeditions to, against Hippias, iv. 122;
  • Xerxes in, v. 111 seq.;
  • Lacedæmonian invasion of, under Pleistoanax, v. 349;
  • Archidamus’s invasions of, vi. 129 seq., 154, 221;
  • Lacedæmonian invasion of, B. C. 427, vi. 239;
  • invasion of, by Agis, B. C. 413, vii. 288;
  • king Pausanias’s expedition to, viii. 275 seq.
• Augê, i. 177.
• Augeas, i. 139.
• Aulis, Greek forces assembled at, against Troy, i. 293 seq.;
  • Agesilaus at, ix. 258.
• Ausonians, iii. 355.
• Autoklês at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 165;
  • in the Hellespont, x. 371 seq.
• Autolykus, i. 119.
• Azan, i. 176.

• B.
• Babylon, iii. 291 seq.;
  • Cyrus’s capture of, iv. 213 seq.;
  • revolt, and reconquest of, by Darius, iv. 231 seq.;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 168] seq., [248] seq.;
  • Harpalus satrap of, [xii. 240].
• Babylonian scale, ii. 319;
  • kings, their command of human labor, iii. 302.
• Babylonians, industry of, iii. 300;
  • deserts and predatory tribes surrounding, iii. 304.
• Bacchæ of Euripides, i. 262 n.
• Bacchiads, ii. 307, iii. 2.
• Bacchic rites, i. 33, 34, 38.
• Bacchus, birth of, i. 260;
  • rites of, i. 261.
• Bacon and Sokratês, viii. 450 n. 1;
  • on the Greek philosophers, viii. 454 n. 3.
• Bad, meaning of, in early Greek writers, ii. 64;
  • double sense of the Greek and Latin equivalents of, iii. 45 n. 4.
• Bagæus and Orœtês, iv. 230.
• Bagoas, xi. 439, 441, [xii. 76], [237].
• Baktria, Alexander in, [xii. 201], [206], [215] seq.
• Barbarian, meaning of, ii. 276;
  • and Grecian military feeling, contrast between, vi. 446.
• Bards, ancient Grecian, ii. 136, 143.
• Bardylis, defeat of, by Philip, xi. 215.
• Barka, modern observations of, iv. 32 n. 2, 36 n. 3, 37 n.;
  • foundation of, iv. 42;
  • Persian expedition from Egypt against, iv. 48;
  • capture of, iv. 48;
  • submission of, to Kambysês, iv. 220.
• Basilids, iii. 162 n. 4, 188.
• Batis, governor of Gaza, [xii. 144].
• Battus, founder of Kyrênê, iv. 30 seq.;
  • dynasty of, iv. 40 seq.;
  • the Third, iv. 43.
• Bebrykians, iii. 207, 208.
• Bellerophôn, i. 121 seq.
• Bêlus, temple of, iii. 297.
• Bequest, Solon’s law of, iii. 139.
• Berœa, Athenian attack upon, vi. 76 n. 2.
• Bessus, [xii. 183] seq., [202], [206].
• Bias, i. 91, 109 seq.
• Bisaltæ, the king of, iv. 21, v. 43.
• Bithynia, Derkyllidas in, ix. 216.
• Bithynians, iii. 207.
• Boar, the Kalydônian, i. 147, 148 seq.
• Bœotia, affinities of, with Thessaly, ii. 18;
  • transition from mythical to historical, ii. 19;
  • cities and confederation of, ii. 295;
  • Mardonius in, v. 153, 161;
  • Pausanias’s march to, v. 168;
  • supremacy of Thebes in, restored by Sparta, v. 319, 326;
  • expedition of the Lacedæmonians into, B. C. 458, v. 326 seq.;
  • acquisition of, by Athens, v. 331;
  • loss of, by Athens, v. 347 seq., 351 n.;
  • scheme of Demosthenês and Hippokratês for invading, B. C. 424, vi. 379;
  • and Argos, projected alliance between, B. C. 421, vii. 24 seq.;
  • and Sparta, alliance between, B. C. 420, vii. 26;
  • and Eubœa, bridge connecting, viii. 112, 118;
  • Agesilaus on the northern frontier of, ix. 315;
  • expeditions of Kleombrotus to, x. 94 seq., 129;
  • expulsion of the Lacedæmonians from, by the Thebans, B. C. 374, x. 135;
  • proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 188;
  • retirement of the Spartans from, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 190;
  • extinction of free cities in, by Thebes, xi. 201;
  • successes of Onomarchus in, xi. 293;
  • reconstitution of, by Alexander, [xii. 48].
• Bœotian war, ix. 295 seq.;
  • cities after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 29, 33.
• Bœotians, ii. 14 seq. 293 seq.;
  • and Chalkidians, successes of Athens against, iv. 171;
  • and Athenians, debate between, after the battle of Delium, vi. 403 seq.;
  • at peace during the One year’s truce between Athens and Sparta, vi. 457;
  • repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 3;
  • refuse to join Argos, B. C. 421, vii. 16.
• Bœôtus, genealogy of, i. 256 n. 2, ii. 18 n. 3.
• Bogês, v. 295.
• Bomilkar, [xii. 416] seq., [435].
• Boreas, i. 6, 199, 200.
• Bosporus, Alkibiades and the Athenian fleet at the, viii. 125;
  • Autokles in the, x. 372;
  • disputes between Philip and Athens about, xi. 450.
• Bosporus or Pantikapæum, [xii. 479] seq.
• Bottiæans, iv. 14, 19 n.
• Boulê, Homeric, ii. 65;
  • and Agora, ii. 74.
• Branchidæ and Alexander, [xii. 202] seq.
• Brasidas, first exploit of, vi. 135;
  • and Knêmus, attempt of, upon Peiræus, vi. 211;
  • at Pylus, vi. 324;
  • sent with Helot and other Peloponnesian hoplites to Thrace, vi. 370;
  • at Megara, vi. 376 seq.;
  • march of, through Thessaly to Thrace, vi. 399 seq.;
  • and Perdikkas, relations between, vi. 400, 450, 443 seq.;
  • prevails upon Akanthus to revolt from Athens, vi. 402 seq.;
  • proceedings of, at Argilus, vi. 408, 409;
  • at Amphipolis, vi. 408 seq., 476 seq.;
  • repelled from Eion, vi. 411;
  • capture of Lêkythus by, vi. 424;
  • revolt of Skiônê to, vi. 435 seq.;
  • and Perdikkas, proceedings of, towards Arrhibæus, vi. 400, 440, 443 seq.;
  • personal ascendency of, vi. 412, 425;
  • operations of, after his acquisition of Amphipolis, vi. 420;
  • surprises and takes Toronê, vi. 422;
  • acquisition of Mendê by, vi. 439;
  • retreat of, before the Illyrians, vi. 447 seq.;
  • Lacedæmonian reinforcement to, vi. 449;
  • attempt of, upon Potidæa, vi. 450;
  • opposition of, to peace on the expiration of the One year’s truce, vi. 455;
  • death and character of, vi. 473, 474, 479 seq.;
  • speech of, at Akanthus, ix. 193 seq.;
  • language of, contrasted with the acts of Lysander, ix. 194.
• Brazen race, the, i. 65.
• Brennus, invasion of Greece by, [xii. 390].
• Briarcus, i. 5.
• Bribery, judicial, in Grecian cities, v. 188.
• Brisêis, i. 294.
• Bromias, xi. 298.
• Brontês, i. 5.
• Brundusium, iii. 391.
• Brute, the Trojan, i. 482 seq.
• Bruttians, xi. 10, 133.
• Bryant, hypothesis on the Trojan war, i. 330 n. 1;
  • on Palæphatus, i. 418 n.
• Bryas, vii. 99.
• Budini, iii. 244.
• Bukephalia, [xii. 229], [233].
• Bull, Phalaris’s brazen, v. 205 n.
• Bura, destruction of, x. 157.
• Butadæ, i. 197.
• Byblus, surrender of, to Alexander, [xii. 130].
• Byzantium, iv. 27;
  • extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291;
  • Pausanias at, v. 268, 280;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 97;
  • Klearchus, the Lacedæmonian, sent to, viii. 128;
  • capture of, by the Athenians, viii. 134;
  • mission of Cheirisophus to, ix. 125;
  • return of Cheirisophus from, ix. 144;
  • the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 154 seq.;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231;
  • mission of Demosthenes to, xi. 453;
  • siege of, by Philip, xi. 459;
  • vote of thanks from, to Athens, xi. 461;
  • Philip concludes peace with, xi. 461.

• C.
• Calabrian peninsula, Dionysius’s projected wall across, xi. 43.
• Calycê, i. 137.
• Campanians, xi. 9;
  • of Ætna, x. 407.
• Canacê, i. 136 n.
• Carthage, iii. 273;
  • foundation and dominion of, iii. 345 seq.;
  • and Tyre, amicable relations of, iii. 348;
  • projected expedition of Kambysês against, iv. 220;
  • empire, power, and population of, x. 391 seq.;
  • and her colonies, x. 394;
  • military force of, x. 396 seq.;
  • political constitution of, x. 397 seq.;
  • oligarchical system and sentiment at, x. 398 seq.;
  • powerful families at, x. 400;
  • intervention of, in Sicily, B. C. 410, x. 401 seq.;
  • and Dionysius, x. 469, 473, 481, 483;
  • distressat, on the failure of Imilkon’s expedition against Syracuse, x. 511;
  • danger of, from her revolted Libyan subjects, B. C. 394, x. 511;
  • Dionysius renews the war with, xi. 41 seq.;
  • Dionysius concludes an unfavorable peace with, xi. 42;
  • new war of Dionysius with, xi. 44;
  • danger from, to Syracuse, B. C. 344, xi. 134;
  • operations of Agathokles on the eastern coast of, [xii. 419] seq.;
  • sedition of Bomilkar at, [xii. 435].
• Carthaginian invasion of Sicily, B. C. 480, v. 221 seq.;
  • fleet, entrance of, into the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 498.
• Carthaginians, and Phenicians, difference between the aims of, iii. 275;
  • and Greeks, first known collision between, iii. 348;
  • peace of, with Gelo, after the battle of the Himera, v. 225;
  • and Egestæans, victory of, over the Selinuntines, x. 404;
  • blockade and capture of Agrigentum by, x. 405 seq.;
  • plunder of Syracuse by, x. 482;
  • in Sicily, expedition of Dionysius against, x. 483 seq.;
  • naval victory of, off Katana, x. 495;
  • before Syracuse, x. 499 seq., 506 seq.;
  • defeat of, in the Great Harbor of Syracuse, x. 501;
  • in Sicily, frequency of pestilence among, xi. 1;
  • purchase the robe of the Lakinian Hêrê, xi. 23;
  • and Hipponium, xi. 43;
  • invade Sicily, B. C. 340, xi. 170, 171;
  • Timoleon’s victory over, at the Krimêsus, xi. 174 seq.;
  • peace of Timoleon with, xi. 182;
  • their defence of Agrigentum against Agathokles, [xii. 406] seq.;
  • victory of, over Agathokles at the Himera, [xii. 408] seq.;
  • recover great part of Sicily from Agathokles, [xii. 409];
  • expedition of Agathokles to Africa against, [xii. 410] seq.;
  • religious terror of after the defeat of Hanno and Bomilkar, [xii. 418];
  • success of, against Agathokles in Numidia, [xii. 427];
  • victories of, over Archagathus, [xii. 439];
  • Archagathus blocked up at Tunês by, [xii. 439], [441];
  • victory of, over Agathokles near Tunês, [xii. 442];
  • nocturnal panic in the camp of, near Tunês, [xii. 442];
  • the army of Agathokles capitulate with, after his desertion, [xii. 443].
• Caspian Gates, [xii. 182 n. 2].
• Castes, Egyptian, iii. 314 seq.
• Catalogue in the Iliad, i. 290 seq., ii. 157.
• Cato the elder, and Kleon, vi. 485 n., 486 n.
• Census, nature and duration of the Solonian, x. 113 seq.;
  • in the archonship of Nausinikus, x. 114 seq.
• Centaur Nessus, i. 151.
• Centimanes, i. 8.
• Ceremonies, religious, a source of mythes, i. 62, 63.
• Cestus, iv. 57 n. 2.
• Chabrias, defeat of Gorgôpas by, ix. 375;
  • proceedings of between B. C. 387-378, x. 105;
  • at Thebes, x. 127;
  • victory of, near Naxos, x. 130 seq.;
  • at Corinth, x. 258;
  • in Egypt, x. 361, 362;
  • and Charidemus, x. 379;
  • death of, xi. 223.
• Chæreas, viii. 30, 46.
• Chæroneia, victory of the Thebans over Onomarchus at, xi. 257;
  • battle of, B. C. 338, xi. 498 seq.
• Chaldæan priests and Alexander, [xii. 249], [254].
• Chaldæans, iii. 290 seq.
• Chalkêdon and Alkibiadês, viii. 126, 132.
• Chalkideus, expedition of, to Chios, vii. 370, 371 seq.;
  • and Tissaphernes, treaty between, vii. 376;
  • defeat and death of, vii. 385.
• Chalkidians, Thracian, iv. 22 seq., vi. 183, 396;
  • of Eubœa, successes of Athens against, iv. 170.
• Chalkidikê, success of Timotheus in, x. 294;
  • three expeditions from Athens to, B. C. 349-348, xi. 334 n., 349;
  • success of Philip in, xi. 350 seq., 364.
• Chalkis, iii. 164 seq.; retirement of the Greek fleet to, on the loss of three triremes, v. 80.
• Chalybes, iii. 252, ix. 106 seq., 110.
• Champions, select, change in Grecian opinions respecting, ii. 451.
• Chaonians, iii. 413 seq.
• Chaos, i. 4;
  • and her offspring, i. 4.
• Chares, assistance of, to Phlius, x. 272;
  • recall of, from Corinth, x. 287;
  • unsuccessful attempt of, to seize Corinth, x. 289;
  • in the Chersonese, B. C. 358, x. 379;
  • at Chios, xi. 374;
  • in the Hellespont, xi. 224;
  • accusation of Iphikrates and Timotheus by, xi. 226 seq.;
  • and Artabazus, xi. 230;
  • conquest of Sestos by, xi. 258;
  • expedition of, to Olynthus, xi. 349;
  • at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 502;
  • capitulation of, at Mitylênê, [xii. 142].
• Charidemus, x. 251;
  • and Iphikrates, x. 299;
  • and Timotheus, x. 300, 301;
  • and Kephisodotus, x. 374, 377;
  • and Kersobleptes, x. 376, 377;
  • and the Athenians in the Chersonese, B. C. 360-358, x. 377 seq.;
  • and Miltokythes, x. 378;
  • his popularity and expedition to Thrace, xi. 307;
  • expedition of, to Chalkidikê, xi. 349;
  • put to death by Darius, [xii. 108].
• Charidemus and Ephialtes, banishment of, [xii. 46].
• Chariklês, expedition of, to Peloponnesus, B. C. 413, vii. 288;
  • and Peisander, vii. 198.
• Charilaus and Lykurgus, ii. 344;
  • the Samian, iv. 249.
• Charites, the, i. 10.
• Charitesia, festival of, i. 128.
• Charlemagne, legends of, i. 475.
• Charmandê, dispute among the Cyreian forces near, ix. 35.
• Charmînus, victory of Astyochus over, vii. 397.
• Charon the Theban, x. 81 seq.
• Charondas, iv. 417.
• Charopinus, iv. 290.
• Cheirisophus, ix. 80;
  • and Xenophon, ix. 92, 95, 106 seq.;
  • at the Kentritês, ix. 99;
  • mission of, to Byzantium, ix. 125;
  • return of, from Byzantium, ix. 144;
  • elected sole general of the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 145;
  • death of, ix. 148.
• Chersonese, Thracian, iv. 27;
  • connection of, with Athens under Peisistratus, iv. 117 seq.;
  • attacked by the Athenians, B. C. 479, v. 201;
  • operations of Periklês in, vi. 10;
  • retirement of Alkibiadês to, B. C. 407, viii. 159;
  • fortification of, by Derkyllidas, ix. 218;
  • partial readmission of Athenians to, B. C. 365, x. 296 seq.;
  • Epaminondas near, x. 301, 306;
  • Timotheus at, x. 302, 306, 368;
  • Ergophilus in the, x. 369 seq.;
  • Kotys in the, x. 373;
  • Kephisodotus in the, x. 374;
  • Charidemus and the Athenians in the, x. 377 seq.;
  • restoration of, to Athens, B. C. 358, x. 379, xi. 219;
  • Kersobleptes cedes part of, to Athens, xi. 258;
  • speech of Demosthenes on, xi. 451;
  • mission of Demosthenes to, xi. 453;
  • votes of thanks from, to Athens, xi. 461.
• Chians at Ladê, iv. 304;
  • activity of, in promoting revolt among the Athenian allies, vii. 374;
  • expedition of, against Lesbos, vii. 382 seq.;
  • improved condition of, B. C. 411, viii. 94.
• Chimæra, the, i. 7.
• Chios, foundation of, iii. 147;
  • Histiæus at, iv. 299;
  • an autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2;
  • proceeding of Athenians at, B. C. 425, vi. 360;
  • application from, to Sparta, B. C. 413, vii. 365;
  • the Lacedæmonians persuaded by Alkibiadês to send aid to, vii. 367;
  • suspicions of the Athenians about, B. C. 412, vii. 368;
  • expedition of Chalkideus and Alkibiadês to, vii. 369 seq.;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 371 seq.;
  • expedition of Strombichidês to, vii. 374;
  • harassing operations of the Athenians against, B. C. 412, vii. 385 seq., 391, 393;
  • prosperity of, between B. C. 480-412. vii. 387;
  • defeat of Pedaritus at, viii. 20;
  • removal of Mindarus from Milêtus to, viii. 101;
  • voyage of Mindarus from, to the Hellespont, viii. 102, 102 n.;
  • revolution at, furthered by Kratesippidas, viii. 140;
  • escape of Eteonikus from Mitylenê to, viii. 175, 189;
  • Eteonikus at, viii. 211;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 220 seq., 231;
  • repulse of the Athenians at, B. C. 358, xi. 223;
  • acquisition of, by Memnon, [xii. 105];
  • capture of, by Macedonian admirals, [xii. 141].
• Chivalry, romances of, i. 475 seq.
• Chlidon, x. 84.
• Chœrilus, Näke’s comments on, ii. 137 n.;
  • poem of, on the expedition of Xerxes into Greece, v. 39 n.
• Choric training at Sparta and Krête, iv. 84 seq.
• Choriênes, Alexander’s capture of the rock of, [xii. 214].
• Chorus, the Greek, iv. 83;
  • improvements in, by Stesichorus, iv. 87.
• Chronicle of Turpin, the, i. 475.
• Chronological calculation destroys the religious character of mythical genealogies, i. 446;
  • table from Clinton’s Fasti Hellenici, ii. 36 seq.;
  • computations, the value of, dependent on the trustworthiness of the genealogies, ii. 41;
  • evidence of early poets, ii. 45.
• Chronologists, modern, ii. 37.
• Chronologizing attempts indicative of mental progress, ii. 56.
• Chronology of mythical events, various schemes of, ii. 34 seq.;
  • Alexandrine, from the return of the Herakleids to the first Olympiad, ii. 304;
  • of Egyptian kings from Psammetichus to Amasis, iii. 330 n. 2;
  • Egyptian, iii. 339 seq.;
  • Grecian, between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars, v. 304 n. 2;
  • of the period between Philip’s fortification of Elateia and the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 494 n. 2.
• Chrysaor, i. 1, 7.
• Chryseis, i. 294.
• Chrysippus, i. 160.
• Chrysopolis, occupation of, by the Athenians, viii. 127.
• Cimmerian invasion of Asia Minor, iii. 249 seq.
• Cimmerians, iii. 234;
  • driven out of their country by the Scythians, iii. 247 seq.
• Circê and Æêtês, i. 252.
• Clinton’s Fasti Hellenici, chronological table from, ii. 36 seq.;
  • opinion on the computations of the date of the Trojan war, ii. 39;
  • vindication of the genealogies, ii. 42 seq.
• Coined money, first introduction of, into Greece, ii. 318.
• Comedy, growth, development, and influence of, at Athens, viii. 325 seq.
• Comic poets, before Aristophanês, viii. 327;
  • writers, mistaken estimate of, as witnesses and critics, viii. 332 seq.
• Commemorative influence of Grecian rites, i. 454 seq.
• Congress at Corinth, B. C. 421, vii. 13-15;
  • at Sparta, B. C. 421, vii. 24;
  • at Mantinea, B. C. 419, vii. 67 seq.
• Conón on the legend of Kadmus, i. 258.
• Constitutional forms, attachment of the Athenians to, viii. 41;
  • morality, necessity for creating, in the time of Kleisthenês, iv. 159.
• Corinth, origin of, i. 119 seq.;
  • Dorians, at, ii. 9;
  • early distinction of, ii. 113;
  • isthmus of, ii. 216;
  • Herakleid kings of, ii. 306;
  • Dorian settlers at, ii. 309;
  • despots at, iii. 39 seq.;
  • great power of, under Periander, iii. 43;
  • Sikyôn and Megara, analogy of, iii. 47;
  • voyage from, to Gadês in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., iii. 277;
  • relations of Korkyra with, iii. 404 seq.;
  • and Korkyra, joint settlements of, iii. 405 seq.;
  • relations between the colonies of, iii. 407;
  • decision of, respecting the dispute between Thebes and Platæa, iv. 166;
  • protest of, at the first convocation at Sparta, iv. 175;
  • Pan-Hellenic congress at the Isthmus of, v. 57 seq.;
  • rush of Peloponnesians to the Isthmus of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106;
  • growing hatred of, to Athens, B. C. 461, v. 320;
  • operations of the Athenians in the Gulf of, B. C. 455, v. 332;
  • and Korkyra, war between, vi. 51 seq.;
  • and Athens, after the naval battle between Corinth and Korkyra, vi. 69 seq.;
  • congress at, B. C. 421, vii. 13, 15 seq.;
  • and Syracuse, embassy from, to Sparta, vii. 235;
  • synod at, B. C. 412, vii. 368;
  • altered feeling of, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275;
  • alliance of, with Thebes, Athens, and Argos, against Sparta, ix. 301;
  • anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 302;
  • battle of, ix. 307 seq., 317;
  • Pharnabazus and the anti-Spartan allies at, ix. 320;
  • philo-Laconian party at, B. C. 392, ix. 328 seq.;
  • coup d’état of the government at, ix. 329;
  • contrast between political conflicts at, and at Athens, ix. 330 n. 3;
  • and Argos, consolidation of, B. C. 392, ix. 332;
  • victor of the Lacedæmonians within the Long Walls at ix. 333 seq.;
  • the Long Walls of, partly pulled down by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 335;
  • the Long Walls of, restored by the Athenians, and taken by Agesilaus and Teleutias, ix. 345 seq.;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 387, x. 12;
  • application of, to Athens, for aid against Thebes, x. 234 seq.;
  • Iphikrates at, x. 237;
  • and the Persian rescript in favor of Thebes, x. 282;
  • project of the Athenians to seize, B. C. 366, x. 289;
  • peace of, with Thebes, B. C. 366, x. 290 seq.;
  • application from Syracuse to, B. C. 344, xi. 134;
  • message from Hiketas to, xi. 143;
  • Dionysius the Younger at, xi. 151 seq.;
  • reinforcement from, to Timoleon, xi. 152, 155, 157;
  • efforts of, to restore Syracuse, xi. 167, 168;
  • Philip chosen chief of the Greeks at the congress at, xi. 511;
  • convention at, under Alexander, B. C. 336, [xii. 13] seq.;
  • violations of the convention at, by Alexander, [xii. 16] seq.;
  • Alexander at, B. C. 335, [xii. 48].
• Corinthian envoys, speech of, to the Athenian assembly, in reply to the Korkyræans, vi. 59;
  • speech of, to the Spartan assembly, against Athens, vi. 82 seq.;
  • speech of, at the congress of allies at Sparta, vi. 93 seq.
• Corinthian genealogy of Eumelus, i. 119 seq.;
• Corinthian Gulf, naval conflicts of Corinthians and Lacedæmonians in, ix. 326;
  • territory, Nikias’s expedition against, vi. 355 seq.;
  • war, commencement of, ix. 301.
• Corinthians, early commerce and enterprise of, iii. 1;
  • behavior of, at Salamis, v. 145;
  • defeated by Myronides, v. 324;
  • procure the refusal of the Samians’ application to Sparta for aid against Athens, vi. 30, 50;
  • instigate Potidæa, the Chalkidians and Bottiæans to revolt from Athens, vi. 65 seq.;
  • defeat of, near Potidæa, vi. 73;
  • strive to excite war against Athens after their defeat near Potidæa, vi. 78;
  • repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 2;
  • induce Argos to head a new Peloponnesian alliance, vii. 12;
  • hesitate to join Argos, vii. 16, 62;
  • join Argos, vii. 18;
  • application of, to the Bœotians and Athenians, B. C. 421, vii. 20;
  • and Karneia, vii. 308 n. 1;
  • and Athenians, naval battle between, near Naupaktus, vii. 358 seq.;
  • and Lacedæmonians, naval and land conflicts between, B. C. 393, ix. 333 seq.
• Courts of Requests, their analogy to Athenian dikasteries, v. 399 n. 1.
• Creditor and debtor, law of, at Athens before Solon, iii. 95;
  • Roman law of, iii. 159.
• Criticisms on the first two volumes of this history, reply to, i. 408 n.
• Crœsus and Solon, alleged interview between, iii. 149 seq.;
  • moral of Herodotus’s story about, iii. 153;
  • reign and conquests of, iii. 258 seq.;
  • power and alliances of, iv. 182;
  • and Cyrus, war between, iv. 188 seq.;
  • and the oracles, iv. 189, 190, 193;
  • solicits the alliance of Sparta, iv. 190;
  • fate of, impressive to the Greek mind, iv. 195.
• Cumæ in Campania, iii. 357 seq.
• Cyclades, ii. 214, iii. 163;
  • Themistoklês levies fines on, v. 141.
• Cycle, epic, ii. 122 seq.
• Cyclic poets, ii. 122 seq.
• Cyclôpes, i. 4, 5.
• Cyprus, influence of Aphroditê upon, i. 5;
  • Solon’s visit to, iii. 148;
  • Phenicians and Greeks in, iii. 277;
  • extension of the Ionic revolt to, iv. 291;
  • subjugation of, by Phenicians and Persians, iv. 293;
  • conquest of, by the Turks in 1570, iv. 293 n.;
  • expedition to, under Kimon, v. 335;
  • before and under Evagoras, x. 14 seq.;
  • subjugation of, to the Persian king Ochus, xi. 437;
  • surrender of the princes of, to Alexander, [xii. 137].
• Cyrenaica, iv. 36 n. 3, 37 n.
• Cyropædia, Xenophon’s, iv. 183.
• Cyrus the Great, early history and rise of, iv. 183 seq.;
  • and Crœsus, war between, iv. 188 seq.;
  • and the Lacedæmonians, iv. 199;
  • conquests of, in Asia, iv. 209;
  • capture of Babylon by, iv. 211 seq.;
  • exploits and death of, iv. 215;
  • effects of his conquests upon the Persians, iv. 216 seq.;
  • the tomb of, [xii. 237].
• Cyrus the Younger, arrival of, in Asia Minor, B. C. 408, viii. 135, 137;
  • Lysander’s visits to, at Sardis, viii. 140 seq., 214;
  • pay of the Peloponnesian fleet by, viii. 143;
  • and Kallikratidas, viii. 162;
  • entrusts his satrapy and revenues to Lysander, viii. 214;
  • and Artaxerxes Mnemon, viii. 312, ix. 8 seq.;
  • youth and education of, ix. 5;
  • his esteem for the Greeks and hopes of the crown, ix. 6;
  • charge of Tissaphernes against, ix. 7;
  • strict administration and prudent behavior of, ix. 9;
  • forces of, collected at Sardis, ix. 11;
  • march of, from Sardis to Kunaxa, ix. 14 seq.;
  • assistance of Epyaxa to, ix. 18;
  • review of his troops at Tyriæum, ix. 19;
  • and Syennesis, ix. 20;
  • at Tarsus, ix. 21 seq.;
  • desertion of Xenias and Pasion from, ix. 28;
  • at Thapsakus, ix. 29 seq.;
  • in Babylonia, ix. 35 seq.;
  • speech of, to his Greek forces in Babylonia, ix. 36;
  • his conception of Grecian superiority, ix. 37;
  • his present to the prophet Silanus, ix. 40;
  • passes the undefended trench, ix. 41;
  • at Kunaxa, ix. 42 seq.;
  • character of, ix. 49;
  • probable conduct of, towards Greece, if victorious at Kunaxa, ix. 51;
  • and the Asiatic Greeks, ix. 207.

• D.
• Dædalus, i. 225, 228 seq.
• Dæmon of Sokratês, viii. 408 seq.
• Dæmons, i. 65, 67, 70 seq.;
  • and gods, distinction between, i. 425 seq.;
  • admission of, as partially evil beings, i. 427.
• Damascus, capture of, by the Macedonians, [xii. 128].
• Damasithymus of Kalyndus, v. 135.
• Danaê, legend of, i. 90.
• Danaos and the Danaides, i. 88.
• Dancing, Greek, iv. 85.
• Daphnæus, at Agrigentum, x. 426 seq.;
  • death of, x. 444.
• Dardanus, son of Zeus, i. 285.
• Daric, the golden, iv. 239 n. 2.
• Darius Hystaspes, accession of, iv. 224 seq.;
  • discontents of the satraps under, iv. 226 seq.;
  • revolt of the Medes against, iv. 227 n.;
  • revolt of Babylon against, iv. 230;
  • organization of the Persian empire by, iv. 233 seq.;
  • twenty satrapies of, iv. 235 seq.;
  • organizing tendency, coinage, roads, and posts of, iv. 238 seq.;
  • and Sylosôn, iv. 240;
  • conquering dispositions of, iv. 252;
  • probable consequences of an expedition by, against Greece before going against Scythia, iv. 260 seq.;
  • invasion of Scythia by, iv. 262 seq.;
  • his orders to the Ionians at the bridge over the Danube, iv. 269;
  • return of, to Susa from Scythia, iv. 280;
  • revenge of, against the Athenians, iv. 297;
  • preparations of, for invading Greece, iv. 314;
  • submission of Greeks to, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 315;
  • heralds of, at Athens and Sparta, iv. 316;
  • instructions of, to Datis and Artaphernês, iv. 329;
  • resolution of, to invade Greece a second time, v. 1;
  • death of, v. 2.
• Darius, son of Artaxerxes Mnemon, x. 367.
• Darius Codomannus, encouragement of anti-Macedonians in Greece by, [xii. 20];
  • his accession and preparations for defence against Alexander, [xii. 76];
  • irreparable mischief of Memnon’s death to, [xii. 106];
  • change in the plan of, after Memnon’s death, [xii. 107], [109];
  • puts Charidemus to death, [xii. 108];
  • Arrian’s criticism on the plan of, against Alexander, [xii. 110];
  • at Mount Amanus, [xii. 115] seq.;
  • advances into Kilikia, [xii. 117];
  • at Issus before the battle, [xii. 117];
  • defeat of, at Issus, [xii. 118] seq.;
  • capture of his mother, wife, and family by Alexander, [xii. 124], [153];
  • his correspondence with Alexander, [xii. 130], [140];
  • inaction of, after the battle of Issus, [xii. 152];
  • defeat of, at Arbela, [xii. 155] seq.;
  • a fugitive in Media, [xii. 178], [180];
  • pursued by Alexander into Parthia, [xii. 182] seq.;
  • conspiracy against, by Bessus and others, [xii. 183] seq.;
  • death of, [xii. 185];
  • Alexander’s disappointment in not taking him alive, [xii. 186];
  • funeral, fate, and conduct of, [xii. 186].
• Darius Nothus, ix. 2 seq.;
  • death of, ix. 6.
• Daskon, attack of Dionysius on the Carthaginian naval station at, x. 508.
• Datames, x. 360.
• Datis, siege and capture of Eretria by, iv. 330 seq.;
  • conquest of Karystus by, iv. 331;
  • Persian armament at Samos under, iv. 329;
  • conquest of Naxos and other Cyclades by, iv. 330 seq.;
  • forbearance of, towards Delos, iv. 330;
  • at Marathon, iv. 333, 345 seq.;
  • return of, to Asia, after the battle of Marathon, iv. 362.
• Debtor and creditor, law of, at Athens before Solon, iii. 95;
  • Roman law of, iii. 159 seq.
• Debtors, Solon’s relief of, iii. 99;
  • treatment of, according to Gallic and Teutonic codes, iii. 110 n.
• Debts, the obligation of, inviolable at Athens, iii. 105, 113;
  • distinction between the principal and interest of, in an early society, iii. 107.
• Defence, means of, superior to those of attack in ancient Greece, ii. 111.
• Deianeira, i. 151.
• Deinokrates, [xii. 406], [407], [440], [446] seq.
• Dêïokes, iii. 227 seq.
• Deities not included in the twelve great ones, i. 10;
  • of guilds or trades, i. 344.
• Dekamnichus, x. 47.
• Dekarchies established by Lysander, ix. 184 seq., 194, 197.
• Dekeleia, legend of, 159;
  • fortification of, by the Lacedæmonians, vii. 286, 288, 364;
  • Agis at, vii. 365, viii. 150.
• Delian Apollo, i. 45.
• Delian festival, iii. 167 seq.;
  • early splendor and subsequent decline of, iv. 54;
  • revival of, B. C. 426, vi. 312.
• Delium, Hippokratês’s march to, and fortification of, B. C. 424, vi. 382 seq.;
  • battle of, B. C. 424, vi. 389 seq.;
  • siege and capture of, by the Bœotians, B. C. 424, vi. 396;
  • Sokratês and Alkibiadês at the battle of, vi. 397.
• Dêlos, Ionic festival at, iii. 167, seq., iv. 54;
  • forbearance of Datis towards, iv. 330;
  • the confederacy of, v. 263 seq., 290 seq.;
  • the synod of, v. 301, 302;
  • first breach of union in the confederacy of, v. 312;
  • revolt of Thasos from the confederacy of, v. 315;
  • transfer of the fund of the confederacy from, to Athens, v. 343;
  • transition of the confederacy of, into an Athenian empire, v. 343;
  • purification of, by the Athenians, vi. 312;
  • restoration of the native population to, B. C. 421, vii. 23.
• Delphi, temple and oracle of, i. 48 seq., ii. 253;
  • oracle of, and the Battiad dynasty, iv. 41;
  • early state and site of, iv. 59;
  • growth of, iv. 62;
  • conflagration and rebuilding of the temple at, iv. 120 seq.;
  • the oracle at, worked by Kleisthenês, iv. 122;
  • oracle of, and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 59 seq.;
  • Xerxes’s detachment against, v. 417;
  • proceedings of Sparta and Athens at, B. C. 452-447, v. 346;
  • answer of the oracle of, to the Spartans on war with Athens, B. C. 432, vi. 92;
  • reply of the oracle at, about Sokratês, viii. 412 seq.;
  • Agesipolis and the oracle at, ix. 357;
  • claim of the Phokians to the presidency of the temple at, xi. 245 seq.;
  • Philomelus seizes and fortifies the temple at, xi. 247;
  • Philomelus takes part of the treasures in the temple at, xi. 252;
  • employment of the treasures in the temple at, by Onomarchus, xi. 255;
  • Phayllus despoils the temple at, xi. 297;
  • peculation of the treasures at, xi. 375;
  • miserable death of all concerned in the spoliation of the temple at, xi. 434;
  • relations of the Lokrians of Amphissa with, xi. 469;
  • Amphiktyonic meeting at, B. C. 339, xi. 470 seq.
• Delphian Apollo, reply of, to the remonstrance of Crœsus, iv. 189.
• Delphians and Amphiktyons, attack of, upon Kirrha, xi. 474.
• Delphinium at Athens, iii. 78 n.
• Deluge of Deukaliôn, i. 96 seq.
• Demades, reproof of Philip by, xi. 505;
  • peace of, xi. 506 seq.;
  • remark of, on hearing of Alexander’s death, [xii. 257];
  • Macedonizing policy of, [xii. 278];
  • and Phokion, embassy of, to Antipater, [xii. 322];
  • death of, [xii. 338].
• Demagogues, iii. 18, 21, viii. 39 seq.
• Demaratus and Kleomenês, iv. 325 seq.;
  • conversations of, with Xerxes, v. 40, 86, 96;
  • advice of, to Xerxes after the death of Leonidas, v. 96.
• Demes, Attic, iii. 63, 66, 68; iv. 132 seq.
• Dêmêtêr, i. 6, 7, 10;
  • foreign influence on the worship of, i. 24, 25;
  • how represented in Homer and Hesiod, i. 37;
  • Homeric hymn to, i. 38 seq.;
  • legends of, differing from the Homeric hymn, i. 44;
  • Hellenic importance of, i. 44.
• Dêmêtrius of Skêpsis, on Ilium, i. 328.
• Demetrius Phalereus, administration of, at Athens, [xii. 362] seq.;
  • retires to Egypt, [xii. 374];
  • condemnation of, [xii. 378].
• Demetrius Poliorketes, at Athens, [xii. 373] seq., [382], [383] seq., [388];
  • exploits of, B. C. 307-304, [xii. 381];
  • his successes in Greece against Kassander, [xii. 382];
  • march of, through Thessaly into Asia, [xii. 386];
  • return of, from Asia to Greece, [xii. 388];
  • acquires the crown of Macedonia, [xii. 389];
  • Greece under, [xii. 389];
  • captivity and death of, [xii. 390].
• Demiurgi, iii. 72.
• Demochares, [xii. 378], [380], [385], [392].
• Democracies, Grecian, securities against corruption in, vii. 402.
• Democracy, Athenian, iii. 128, 140; v. 380;
  • effect of the idea of, upon the minds of the Athenians, iv. 179 seq.;
  • at Athens, stimulus to, from the Persian war, v. 275;
  • reconstitution of, at Samos, viii. 46 seq.;
  • restoration of, at Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 75 seq., 80 seq., and B. C. 403, viii. 288, 300;
  • moderation of Athenian, viii. 92, 304 seq.;
  • at Samos, contrasted with the oligarchy of the Four Hundred, viii. 93 seq.
• Democratical leaders at Athens, and the Thirty, viii. 240, 245 seq.;
  • sentiment, increase of, at Athens, between B. C. 479-459, v. 355.
• Dêmokêdês, romantic history of, iv. 253 seq.
• Demônax, reform of Kyrênê by, iv. 44;
  • constitution of, not durable, iv. 49.
• Demophantus, psephism of, viii. 80.
• Demos at Syracuse, v. 206.
• Demosthenês the general, in Akarnania, vi. 296;
  • expedition of, against Ætolia, vi. 296 seq.;
  • saves Naupaktus, vi. 301;
  • goes to protect Amphilochian Argos, vi. 302;
  • his victory over Eurylochus at Olpæ, vi. 304 seq.;
  • his triumphant return from Akarnania to Athens, vi. 312;
  • fortifies and defends Pylus, vi. 317 seq.;
  • application of, for reinforcements from Athens, to attack Sphakteria, vi. 334 seq.;
  • victory of, in Sphakteria, vi. 341 seq.;
  • attempt of, to surprise Megara and Nisæ, vi. 372 seq.;
  • scheme of, for invading Bœotia, B. C. 424, vi. 379;
  • unsuccessful descent upon Bœotia by, vi. 380;
  • his evacuation of the fort at Epidaurus, vii. 97;
  • expedition of, to Sicily, vii. 289, 298, 303;
  • arrival of, at Syracuse, vii. 302, 304;
  • plans of, on arriving at Syracuse, vii. 306;
  • night attack of, upon Epipolæ, vii. 306 seq.;
  • his proposals for removing from Syracuse, vii. 308 seq.;
  • and Nikias, resolution of, after the final defeat in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 338;
  • capture and subsequent treatment of, vii. 341 seq., 347;
  • respect for the memory of, vii. 348;
  • death of, vii. 347.
• Demosthenes, father of the orator, xi. 265.
• Demosthenes the orator, first appearance of, as public adviser in the Athenian assembly, xi. 263;
  • parentage and early youth of, xi. 263 seq.;
  • and his guardians, xi. 265;
  • early rhetorical tendencies of, xi. 266;
  • training and instructors of, xi. 268 seq.;
  • action and matter of, xi. 271;
  • first known as a composer of speeches for others, xi. 272;
  • speech of, against Leptines, xi. 272;
  • speech of, on the Symmories, xi. 285 seq.;
  • exhortations of, to personal effort and sacrifice, xi. 289, 357;
  • recommendations of, on Sparta and Megalopolis, xi. 291;
  • first Philippic of, xi. 309 seq.;
  • opponents of, at Athens, B. C. 351, xi. 318;
  • earliest Olynthiac of, xi. 327 seq.;
  • practical effect of his speeches, xi. 329;
  • second Olynthiac of, xi. 331 seq.;
  • allusions of, to the Theôric fund, xi. 334, 338;
  • third Olynthiac of, xi. 335 seq., 336;
  • insulted by Meidias, xi. 343;
  • reproached for his absence from the battle of Tamynæ, xi. 344;
  • serves as hoplite in Eubœa, and is chosen senator for, B. C. 349-348, xi. 345;
  • order of the Olynthiacs of, xi. 358 seq.;
  • and Æschines, on the negotiations with Philip, B. C. 347-346, xi. 371 n., 378 n.;
  • speaks in favor of peace, B. C. 347, xi. 372;
  • and the first embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 380 seq., 386;
  • failure of, in his speech before Philip, xi. 382;
  • and the confederate synod at Athens respecting Philip, xi. 389 n., 390, 392 n. 3;
  • and the motion of Philokratês for peace and alliance with Philip, xi. 391 seq.;
  • and the exclusion of the Phokians from the peace and alliance between Athens and Philip, xi. 400 seq.;
  • and the second embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 403, 405 seq., 412, 415;
  • and the third embassy from Athens to Philip, xi. 422;
  • charges of, against Æschines, xi. 431;
  • and the peace and alliance of Athens with Philip, B. C. 346, xi. 432;
  • recommends acquiescence in the Amphiktyonic dignity of Philip, xi. 435;
  • vigilance and warnings of, against Philip, after B. C. 246, xi. 444;
  • speech on the Chersonese and third Philippic of, xi. 451;
  • increased influence of, at Athens, B. C. 341-338, xi. 452;
  • mission of, to the Chersonese and, Byzantium, xi. 453;
  • vote of thanks to, at Athens, xi. 461;
  • reform in the administration of the Athenian marine by, xi. 462 seq., 464 n.;
  • his opposition to the proceedings of Æschines at the Amphiktyonic meeting, B. C. 339, xi. 478;
  • on the special Amphiktyonic meeting at Thermopylæ, xi. 479;
  • advice of, on hearing of the fortification of Elateia by Philip, xi. 486;
  • mission of, to Thebes, B. C. 339, xi. 488 seq.;
  • crowned at Athens, xi. 493, 496;
  • at the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 498 seq., 501;
  • confidence shown to, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 503, 509;
  • conduct of, on the death of Philip, [xii. 10];
  • correspondence of, with Persia, [xii. 20] seq.;
  • accusation against, respecting the revolt of Thebes against Alexander, [xii. 34];
  • position and policy of, in Alexander’s time, [xii. 278] seq.;
  • and Æschines, judicial contest between, [xii. 286] seq.;
  • accusation against, in the affair of Harpalus, [xii. 294] seq.;
  • recall of, from exile, [xii. 314];
  • flight of, to Kalauria, [xii. 322];
  • condemnation and death of, [xii. 326] seq.;
  • life and character of, [xii. 328] seq.
• Derdas at Olynthus, x. 65.
• Derkyllidas, in Asia, ix. 209 seq., 219 seq., 255;
  • at Abydos and Sestos, ix. 320;
  • superseded by Anaxibius at Abydos, ix. 368.
• Despots, in Greece, iii. 4, 18 seq.;
  • at Sikyôn, iii. seq., 39;
  • at Corinth, iii. 41 seq.;
  • of Asiatic Greece, deposition of, by Aristagoras, iv. 285;
  • Sicilian, v. 206, 233.
• Deukaliôn, i. 96 seq.
• Dexippus, ix. 126, 149 seq.; x. 423, 429, 444.
• Diadochi, Asia Hellenized by, [xii. 269].
• Diagoras, prosecution of, vii. 208.
• Dialectics, Grecian, iv. 87; viii. 338, 345 seq., 454 seq.
• Dictators in Greece, iii. 19.
• Dido, legend of, iii. 347.
• Digamma and the Homeric poems, ii. 147.
• Diitrephês, vii. 356 seq.
• Dikæus, vision of, v. 118.
• Dikasteries, not established by Solon, iii. 125;
  • Athenian, iv. 140 seq., v. 378 seq., 385, 393;
  • constitution of, by Periklês, v. 355 seq., 366;
  • working of, at Athens, v. 381 seq.;
  • at Rhodes and other Grecian cities, v. 384 n. 2;
  • jurisdiction of, over the subject-allies of Athens, vi. 39 seq., 42, 43, 45.
• Dikasts, oath of, at Athens, iii. 105, viii. 298;
  • Athenian iv. 141, 372;
  • under Periklês, v. 357, 366, 376 seq., 388.
• Dikon of Kaulonia, xi. 28.
• Dimnus, [xii. 191], 194.
• Diodôrus, his historical versions of mythes, i. 413;
  • statement of, respecting the generals at Arginusæ, viii. 184.
• Diodotus, speech of, vi. 254 seq.
• Diogenes and Alexander, [xii. 48].
• Diokleidês, vii. 198, 204.
• Dioklês the Corinthian, ii. 297.
• Dioklês the Syracusan, the laws of, x. 389 seq.;
  • aid to Himera under, x. 410, 412;
  • banishment of, x. 417.
• Dio Chrysostom’s attempt to historicise the legend of Troy, i. 321.
• Dio Chrysostom at Olbia, [xii. 477] seq.
• Diomêdês, return of, from Troy, i. 316.
• Diomedon, pursuit of Chians by, vii. 375;
  • at Teos and Lesbos, vii. 383;
  • at Milêtus and Chios, vii. 385 seq.;
  • at Samos, viii. 28;
  • defeat of, by Kallikratidas, viii. 169.
• Dion, his Dionysian connection, and character, xi. 58;
  • Plato, and the Pythagoreans, xi. 56 seq.;
  • political views of, xi. 58 seq.;
  • maintains the confidence of Dionysius the Elder to the last, xi. 61;
  • his visits to Peloponnesus and Athens, xi. 61;
  • conduct of, on the accession of Dionysius the Younger, xi. 64 seq.;
  • efforts of, to improve Dionysius the Younger, xi. 64 seq.;
  • entreats Plato to visit Dionysius the Younger, xi. 69;
  • and Plato urge Dionysius the Younger to reform himself, xi. 73;
  • and Plato, intrigues of Philistus against, xi. 76;
  • alienation of Dionysius the Younger from, xi. 77;
  • banishment of, xi. 78;
  • property of, confiscated by Dionysius the Younger, xi. 82;
  • resolution of, to avenge himself on Dionysius the Younger, and free Syracuse, xi. 82 seq., 85;
  • forces of, at Zakynthus, xi. 84, 87;
  • expedition of, against Dionysius the Younger, xi. 85 seq.;
  • entry of, into Syracuse, B. C. 357, xi. 92 seq.;
  • chosen general by the Syracusans, xi. 94;
  • captures Epipolæ and Euryalus, xi. 95;
  • blockade of Ortygia by, xi. 95, 98, 114;
  • negotiations of Dionysius the Younger with, xi. 97, 104;
  • victory of, over Dionysius the Younger, xi. 97 seq.;
  • intrigues of Dionysius the Younger against, xi. 103;
  • suspicions of the Syracusans against, xi. 100, 193, 118;
  • and Herakleides, xi. 101, 103, 112, 115 seq., 121, 122;
  • deposition and retreat of, from Syracuse, xi. 105;
  • at Leontini, xi. 106, 108, 109;
  • repulse of Nepsius and rescue of Syracuse by, xi. 108 seq.;
  • entry of, into Syracuse, B. C. 356, xi. 110;
  • entry of, into Ortygia, xi. 117;
  • conduct of, on his final triumph, xi. 118 seq.;
  • his omission to grant freedom to Syracuse, xi. 119 seq.;
  • opposition to, as dictator, xi. 121 seq.;
  • tyranny, unpopularity and disquietude of, xi. 122 seq.;
  • death and character of, xi. 123 seq.;
  • and Timoleon, contrast between, xi. 195 seq.
• Dionysia, Attic, i. 31, iv. 69.
• Dionysiac festival at Athens, B. C. 349, xi. 343.
• Dionysius, Phôkæan, iv. 305 seq., 309.
• Dionysius the Elder, and Konon, ix. 325;
  • demonstration against, at Olympia, B. C. 384, x. 73 seq., xi. 27 seq.;
  • triremes of, captured by Iphikrates, x. 151;
  • first appearance of, at Syracuse, x. 420;
  • movement of the Hermokratean party to elevate, x. 432;
  • harangue of, against the Syracusan generals at Agrigentum, x. 433 seq.;
  • one of the generals of Syracuse, x. 434 seq.;
  • first expedition of, to Gela, x. 438;
  • accusations of, against his colleagues, x. 439;
  • election of, as sole general, x. 440;
  • stratagem of, to obtain a body-guard, x. 441 seq.;
  • establishes himself as despot at Syracuse, x. 444 seq., 454;
  • second expedition of, to Gela, x. 447 seq.;
  • charges of treachery against, x. 451, 456;
  • mutiny of the Syracusan horsemen against, x. 451 seq.;
  • and Imilkon, peace between, x. 455 seq.;
  • sympathy of Sparta with, x. 457;
  • strong position of, after his peace with Imilkon, x. 457;
  • fortification and occupation of Ortygia by, x. 458 seq.;
  • re-distribution of property by, x. 459 seq.;
  • exorbitant exactions of, x. 461;
  • mutiny of the Syracusan soldiers against, x. 462 seq.;
  • besieged in Ortygia, x. 462 seq.;
  • strengthens his despotism, x. 466 seq.;
  • conquers Ætna, Naxus, Katana, and Leontini, x. 467;
  • at Enna, x. 468;
  • resolution of, to make war upon Carthage, B. C. 400, x. 469;
  • additional fortifications at Syracuse by, x. 471 seq.;
  • preparations of, for war with Carthage, B. C. 399-397, x. 473, 477 seq.;
  • improved behavior of, to the Syracusans, B. C. 399, x. 473;
  • conciliatory policy of, towards the Greek cities, near the Strait of Messênê, B. C. 399, x. 474 seq.;
  • marriage of, with Doris and Aristomachê, x. 476, 480;
  • exhorts the Syracusan assembly to war against Carthage, x. 481;
  • permits the plunder of the Carthaginians at Syracuse, x. 482;
  • declares war against Carthage, B. C. 397, x. 483;
  • marches against the Carthaginians in Sicily, B. C. 397, x. 483 seq.;
  • siege and capture of Motyê by, x. 485 seq.;
  • revolt of the Sikels from, x. 494;
  • provisions of, for the defence of Syracuse against the Carthaginians B. C. 396, x. 494;
  • naval defeat of, near Katana, x. 495;
  • retreat of, from Katana to Syracuse, B. C. 395, x. 497;
  • Syracusan naval victory over the Carthaginians in the absence of, x. 501;
  • speech of Theôdorus against, x. 501 seq.;
  • discontent of the Syracusans with, B. C. 395, x. 501 seq.;
  • and Pharakidas, x. 504;
  • attacks the Carthaginian camp before Syracuse and sacrifices his mercenaries, x. 507;
  • success of, by sea and land against the Carthaginians before Syracuse, x. 508;
  • secret treaty of, with Imilkon before Syracuse, x. 510;
  • and the Iberians, x. 510;
  • capture of Libyans by, x. 510;
  • difficulties of, from his mercenaries, xi. 2;
  • re-establishment of Messênê by, xi. 3;
  • conquests of, in the interior of Sicily, B. C., 394, xi. 4;
  • at Tauromenium, xi. 5, 8;
  • and the Sikels, B. C. 394-393, xi. 5, 6;
  • declaration of Agrigentum against, B. C. 393, xi. 6;
  • victory of, near Abakæna, xi. 6;
  • expedition of, against Rhegium, B. C. 393, xi. 7;
  • repulses Magon at Agyrium, xi. 7;
  • plans of against the Greek cities in southern Italy, xi. 8;
  • alliance of, with the Lucanians against the Italiot Greeks, xi. 11;
  • attack of, upon Rhegium, B. C. 390, xi. 11;
  • expedition of, against the Italian Greeks, B. C. 389, xi. 14 seq.;
  • his capture and generous treatment of Italiot Greeks, xi. 15;
  • besieges and grants peace to Rhegium, xi. 16;
  • capture of Kaulonia and Hipponium by, xi. 7;
  • capture of Rhegium by, xi. 7, 18, 21;
  • cruelty of, to Phyton, xi. 19;
  • and Sparta, ascendancy of, B. C. 387, xi. 22;
  • capture of Kroton, by xi. 23;
  • schemes of for conquests in Epirus and Illyria, xi. 23;
  • plunders Latium, Etruria, and the temple of Agylla, xi. 25;
  • poetical compositions of, xi. 26;
  • dislike and dread of, in Greece, xi. 25, 30;
  • harshness of, to Plato, xi. 39;
  • new constructions and improvements by, at Syracuse, B. C. 387-383, xi. 39;
  • renews the war wish Carthage, B. C. 383, xi. 41 seq.;
  • disadvantageous peace of, with Carthage, B. C. 383, xi. 42;
  • projected wall of, across the Calabrian peninsula, xi. 43;
  • relations of, with Central Greece, B. C. 382-369, xi. 44;
  • war of, with Carthage, B. C. 368, xi. 44;
  • gains the tragedy prize at the Lenæan festival at Athens, xi. 46;
  • death and character of, xi. 46 seq., 62;
  • family left by, xi. 54, 62;
  • the good opinion of, enjoyed by Dion to the last, xi. 61;
  • drunken habits of his descendants, xi. 132.
• Dionysius the Younger, age of, at his father’s death, xi. 55 n. 1;
  • accession and character of, xi. 63;
  • Dion’s efforts to improve, xi. 67 seq.;
  • Plato’s visits to, xi. 69 seq., 80 seq.;
  • Plato’s injudicious treatment of, xi. 73 seq.;
  • his hatred and injuries to Dion, xi. 77, 78, 81 seq.;
  • detention of Plato by, xi. 79;
  • Dion’s expedition against, xi. 85 seq.;
  • weakness and drunken habits of, xi. 87;
  • absence of, from Syracuse, B. C. 357, xi. 89;
  • negotiations of, with Dion and the Syracusans, xi. 96, 104;
  • defeat of, by Dion, xi. 97 seq.;
  • blockaded in Ortygia by Dion, xi. 98;
  • intrigues of, against Dion, xi. 101, 103;
  • his flight in Lokri, xi. 104;
  • return of, to Syracuse, xi. 133;
  • at Lokri, xi. 133;
  • his surrender of Ortygia to Timoleon, xi. 150;
  • at Corinth, xi. 151 seq.
• Dionysius of the Pontic Herakleia, [xii. 465] seq.
• Dionysus, worship of, i. 23, 24, 30, 33;
  • legend of, in the Homeric hymn to, i. 34;
  • alteration of the primitive Grecian idea of, i. 36 seq.
• Diopeithes, xi. 450.
• Dioskuri, i. 172.
• Diphilus at Naupaktus, B. C. 413, vii. 358.
• Diphridas, in Asia, ix. 363.
• Dirkê, i. 263.
• Discussion, growth of, among the Greeks, iv. 96.
• Dithyramb, iv. 88.
• Dôdôna, i. 396.
• Doloneia, ii. 178, 189.
• Dolonkians and Miltiadês the first, iv. 117.
• Dorian cities in Peloponnesus about 450 B. C., ii. 298;
  • islands in the Ægean and the Dorians in Argolis, ii. 323;
  • immigration to Peloponnesus, ii. 303;
  • settlers at Argos and Corinth, ii. 308 seq., 311;
  • settlement in Sparta, ii. 328;
  • allotment of land at Sparta, ii. 416;
  • mode, the, ii. 433, iii. 212;
  • states, inhabitants of, iii. 31;
  • tribes at Sikyôn, names of, iii. 32, 35.
• Dorians, early accounts of, 103 seq.; ii. 2;
  • mythical title of, to the Peloponnesus, ii. 6;
  • their occupation of Argos, Sparta, Messenia, and Corinth, ii. 8, 9;
  • early Krêtan, ii. 310;
  • in Argolis and the Dorian islands in the Ægean, ii. 323;
  • of Sparta and Stenyklêrus, ii. 326 seq.;
  • divided into three tribes, ii. 361;
  • Messenian, ii. 438;
  • Asiatic, iii. 201, 202;
  • of Ægina, iv. 172.
• Doric dialect, ii. 337 seq., iv. 87;
  • emigrations, ii. 25 seq.
• Dorieus the Spartan Prince, aid of, to Kinyps, iv. 39;
  • and the Krotoniates, iv. 415, 416;
  • Sicily, v. 207.
• Dorieus the Rhodian, vii. 394, viii. 116, 117;
  • capture and liberation of, viii. 159;
  • treatment of, by the Athenians and Lacedæmonians, ix. 273 seq.;
  • and Hermokrates in the Ægean, x. 385.
• Doris, i. 102, ii. 289.
• Doris, wife of Dionysius, x. 476, 480.
• Doriskus, Xerxes at, v. 31 seq.
• Dorkis, v. 256, 257.
• Dôrus, i. 99 seq.
• Drako and his laws, iii. 73 seq.
• Dramatic genius, development of, at Athens, viii. 317 seq.
• Drangiana, Alexander in, [xii. 190] seq., [191].
• Drepanê, i. 239.
• Dryopians, settlements of, formed by sea, ii. 310.
• Dryopis, ii. 289.
• Duketius, the Sikel prince, iii. 374, vii. 122 seq.
• Dymanes, Hylleis, and Pamphyli, ii. 360.
• Dyrrachium, iii. 407 seq.

• E.
• Earliest Greeks, residences of, ii. 108 seq.
• Early poets, historical value of, ii. 45.
• Echemus, i. 95, 177.
• Echidna, i. 7.
• Eclipse of the sun in a battle between Medes and Lydians, iii. 231;
  • of the moon, B. C. 413, vii. 315;
  • of the moon, B. C. 333, [xii. 151].
• Edda, the, i. 479.
• Edessa, the dynasty of, iv. 13, 17.
• Eetioneia, fort at, viii. 57, 63; viii. 67.
• Egesta, application of, to Athens, vii. 145 seq.;
  • application of, to Carthage, x. 401 seq.;
  • Syracusan attack upon, x. 489;
  • barbarities of Agathokles at, [xii. 445].
• Egypt, influence of, upon the religion of Greece, i. 24, 29, 31;
  • the opening of, to Grecian commerce, i. 365;
  • ante-Hellenic colonies from, to Greece not probable, ii. 267;
  • Solon’s visit to, iii. 148;
  • Herodotus’s account of, iii. 308 seq.;
  • antiquity of, iii. 311;
  • peculiar physical and moral features of, iii. 311;
  • large town-population in, iii. 319;
  • profound submission of the people in, iii. 320, 321;
  • worship of animals in, iii. 322;
  • relations of, with Assyria, iii. 324;
  • archæology and chronology of, iii. 339 seq.;
  • and Kyrênê, iv. 42;
  • Persian expedition from, against Barka, iv. 49;
  • Kambyses’s invasion and conquest of, iv. 219;
  • revolt and reconquest of, under Xerxes, v. 3;
  • defeat and losses of the Athenians in, v. 333;
  • unavailing efforts of Persia to reconquer, x. 13;
  • Agesilaus and Chabrias in, x. 362 seq.;
  • reconquest of, by Ochus, xi. 439;
  • march of Alexander towards, [xii. 141], [142], [145];
  • Alexander in, [xii. 146] seq.
• Egyptians, ethnography of, iii. 264;
  • contrasted with Greeks, Phenicians, and Assyrians, iii. 304;
  • and Ethiopians, iii. 313;
  • effect of, on the Greek mind, iii. 343.
• Eileithyia, i. 10.
• Eion, capture of, by Kimon, v. 295 seq.;
  • defended by Thucydidês against Brasidas, vi. 411;
  • Kleon at, vi. 471.
• Ekbatana, foundation of, iii. 228;
  • Darius at, [xii. 180];
  • Alexander at, [xii. 181] seq., [246] seq.;
  • Parmenio at, [xii. 181], [196] seq.
• Ekdikus, expedition of, to Rhodes, ix. 363.
• Ekklesia, Athenian, iv. 139.
• Elæa, iii. 191.
• Elæus, escape of the Athenian squadron from Sestos to, viii. 106;
  • Mindarus and Thrasyllus at, viii. 109, 113.
• Elateia, re-fortification of, by Philip, xi. 483.
• Elatus, i. 178.
• Elea, Phôkæan colony at, iv. 206; vii. 127.
• Eleatic school, viii. 343 seq., 369.
• Elegiac verse of Kallinus, Tyrtæus, and Mimnermus, iv. 78.
• Eleian genealogy, i. 138, 141.
• Eleians excluded from the Isthmian games, i. 140;
  • and the Olympic games, ii. 10, 321;
  • and Pisatans, ii. 434, 439;
  • their exclusion of the Lacedæmonians from the Olympic festival, vii. 57 seq.;
  • desert the Argeian allies, vii. 76;
  • and Arcadians, X. 314 seq., 324;
  • exclusion of, from the Olympic festival, B. C. 364, x. 318 seq.
• Elektra and Thaumas, progeny of, i. 7.
• Elektryôn, death of, i. 92.
• Eleusinian mysteries, i. 38, 41, 43;
  • alleged profanation of, by Alkibiadês and others, vii. 175 seq., 211 seq.;
  • celebration of, protected by Alkibiades, viii. 150.
• Eleusinians, seizure and execution of by the Thirty at Athens, viii. 267.
• Eleusis, temple of, i. 40;
  • importance of mysteries to, i. 43;
  • early independence of, iii. 71;
  • retirement of the Thirty to, viii. 266;
  • capture of, viii. 274.
• Eleutheria, institution of, at Platæa, v. 189.
• Elis, genealogy of, i. 137, 139;
  • Oxylus and the Ætolians at, ii. 9;
  • Pisa, Triphylia, and Lepreum, ii. 39, 440;
  • formation of the city of, v. 315;
  • revolt of, from Sparta to Argos, vii. 18 seq.;
  • and Lepreum, vii. 18;
  • and Sparta, war between, ix. 224 seq.;
  • claim of, to Triphylia and the Pisatid, x. 260 seq., 313;
  • alienation of, from the Arcadians, x. 260;
  • alliance of, with Sparta and Achaia, x. 313.
• Elymi, iii. 349.
• Emigrants to Iônia, the, ii. 21 seq.
• Emigration, early, from Greece, iii. 349.
• Emigrations consequent on the Dorian occupation of the Peloponnesus, ii. 12;
  • Æolic, Ionic, and Doric, ii. 19 seq.
• Empedoklês, i. 424 seq., vii. 127, viii. 340.
• Emporiæ, [xii. 455].
• Endius, viii. 122 seq.
• Endymiôn, stories of, i. 137.
• Eneti, the, i. 319.
• England, her government of her dependencies compared with the Athenian empire, vi. 48 n.
• Eniênes, ii. 286.
• Enna, Dionysius at, x. 468.
• Ennea Hodoi, v. 310, vi. 12.
• Enômoties, ii. 456 seq.
• Entella, Syracusan attack upon, x. 490, 497.
• Eos, i. 6.
• Epaminondas, and the conspiracy against the philo-Laconian oligarchy at Thebes, x. 81, 87, 124 seq.;
  • training and character of, x. 121 seq.;
  • and Pelopidas, x. 121;
  • and Kallistratus, x. 164, 288;
  • and Agesilaus at the congress at Sparta, x. 167 seq., 173;
  • at Leuktra, x. 179;
  • and Orchomenus, x. 194;
  • proceedings and views of, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 213 seq.;
  • expeditions of, into Peloponnesus, x. 215 seq., x. 254 seq., 266 seq., 343 seq.;
  • foundation of Megalopolis and Messênê by, x. 224 seq.;
  • his retirement from Peloponnesus, x. 233;
  • his trial of accountability, x. 239 seq.;
  • mildness of, x. 259;
  • and the Theban expedition to Thessaly, to rescue Pelopidas, x. 283, 285;
  • mission of, to Arcadia, x. 288;
  • Theban fleet and naval expedition under, x. 303 seq.;
  • and Menekleidas, x. 268, 304 seq.;
  • and the destruction of Orchomenus, x. 312;
  • and the arrest of Arcadians by the Theban harmost at Tegea, x. 326 seq.;
  • attempted surprise of Mantinea by the cavalry of, x. 332 seq.;
  • at the battle of Mantinea, x. 335 seq.;
  • death of, x. 346 seq., character of, x. 351 seq.
• Epeians, i. 138, 141 seq., ii. 12.
• Epeius of Panopeus, i. 302, 312.
• Epeunaktæ, iii. 387.
• Ephesus, iii. 180 seq.;
  • capture of, by Crœsus, iii. 260;
  • defeat of Thrasyllus at, viii. 129;
  • Lysander at, viii. 152, 215;
  • capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 90].
• Ephetæ, iii. 77, 79 seq.
• Ephialtês, the Alôid, i. 136.
• Ephialtês, the general, [xii. 46], [95], [97].
• Ephialtês, the statesman, v. 366, 372;
  • and Periklês, constitution of dikasteries by, v. 357 seq.;
  • judicial reform of, v. 368.
• Ephors, Spartan, ii. 350, 352 seq., 358, vii. 24;
  • appointment of, at Athens, viii. 236.
• Ephorus, i. 409, ii. 369.
• Epic cycle, ii. 122 seq.
• Epic poems, lost, ii. 121;
  • recited in public, not read in private, ii. 135;
  • variations in the mode of reciting, ii. 141 seq.;
  • long, besides the Iliad and Odyssey, ii. 156.
• Epic poetry in early Greece, ii. 118 seq.
• Epic poets and their dates, ii. 122.
• Epic of the middle ages, i. 481.
• Epical localities, transposition of, i. 245;
  • age preceding the lyrical, iv. 74.
• Epicharmus, i. 376 n.
• Epidamnus, iii. 407 seq.;
  • and the Illyrians, iv. 6 seq.;
  • foundation of, vi. 51;
  • application of the democracy at, to Korkyra and Corinth, vi. 52;
  • attacked by the Korkyræans, vi. 53;
  • expeditions from Corinth to, vi. 53.
• Epidaurus, attack of Argos and Athens upon, vii. 64, 68;
  • ravaged by the Argeians, vii. 69;
  • Lacedæmonian movements in support of, vii. 69;
  • attempts of the Argeians to storm, vii. 70;
  • operations of the Argeian allies near, vii. 90;
  • evacuation of the fort at, vii. 97.
• Epigoni, the, i. 278, ii. 130 n. 2.
• Epimenides, visit of, to Athens, i. 28.
• Epimenides of Krete, iii. 87 seq.
• Epimêtheus, i. 6, 74.
• Epipolæ, vii. 245;
  • intended occupation of, by the Syracusans, vii. 247;
  • occupation of, by the Athenians, vii. 247;
  • defeat of the Athenians at, vii. 272;
  • Demosthenês’s night-attack upon, vii. 305 seq.;
  • capture of by Dion, xi. 95;
  • capture of, by Timoleon, xi. 160.
• Epirots, ii. 233, iii. 351, 413 seq.;
  • attack of, upon Akarnania, vi. 193 seq.
• Epirus, discouraging to Grecian colonization, iii. 417;
  • Dionysius’s schemes of conquest in, xi. 23;
  • government of Olympias in, [xii. 394], [395 n. 2].
• Epistatês, iv. 138.
• Epitadas, vi. 334, 345 seq., 342.
• Epitadeus, the Ephor, ii. 406.
• Epôdus, introduction of, iv. 89.
• Epyaxa, and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 18.
• Eræ, revolt of, from Athens, vii. 375.
• Erasinides, trial and imprisonment of, viii. 180.
• Eratosthenês, viii. 248, 272, 292.
• Erechtheion, restoration of, vi. 21.
• Erechtheus, i. 191 seq., 198, 204.
• Eresus, Thrasyllus at, viii. 101.
• Eretria, iii. 164 seq., 170 seq.;
  • assistance of, to the Milesians, iv. 290;
  • siege and capture of, by Datis, iv. 331 seq.;
  • fate of captives taken by Datis at, iv. 362;
  • naval defeat of the Athenians near viii. 71 seq.;
  • Phokion at, xi. 339 seq.;
  • Philippizing faction at, xi. 449;
  • liberation of, xi. 452.
• Ergoklês, ix. 368 n. 1.
• Ergophilus, x. 369 seq.
• Erichthonius, i. 192, 196, 285.
• Eriphylê, i. 272 seq.
• Erôs, i. 4;
  • and Aphrodite, function of, i. 5.
• Erytheia, i. 249.
• Erythræ, iii. 187, vii. 371.
• Eryx, defeat of Dionysius at, xi. 46.
• Eryxô and Learchus, iv. 43.
• Eteokles, i. 128, 267, 280.
• Eteonikus, expulsion of, from Thasos, viii. 127;
  • at Mitylênê, viii. 170;
  • escape of, from Mitylênê to Chios, viii. 174, 190;
  • at Chios, viii. 211;
  • removal of, from Chios to Ephesus, viii. 213;
  • in Ægina, ix. 372, 375.
• Ethiopians and Egyptians, iii. 313.
• Etruria, plunder of, by Dionysius, xi. 25.
• Euæphnus and Polycharês, ii. 426.
• Eubœa, iii. 163 seq.;
  • resolution of Greeks to oppose Xerxes at the strait on the north of, v. 71;
  • advance of the Persian fleet to, v. 102;
  • revolt and reconquest of, by Periklês, v. 349;
  • application from, to Agis, vii. 364;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 411, viii. 73;
  • Peloponnesian fleet summoned from, by Mindarus, viii. 111;
  • bridge joining Bœotia and, viii. 112, 118;
  • rescued from Thebes by Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 216 seq.;
  • revolt of, from Athens, B. C. 350-349, xi. 339 seq.;
  • intrigues of Philip in, xi. 339;
  • expedition of Phokion to, B. C. 342, xi. 340 seq.;
  • hostilities in, B. C. 349-348, xi. 345;
  • Philippizing factions in, B. C. 342, xi. 449;
  • expedition of Phokion to, B. C. 341, xi. 452.
• Eubœa in Sicily, v. 215.
• Euboic scale, ii. 319, 324, iii. 171.
• Euboic synod, xi. 453.
• Eubulus, xi. 277, 308, 366, 368, 394.
• Eudamidas, x. 58, 65.
• Euemerus’s treatment of mythes, i. 411.
• Euenus, i. 112.
• Eukleides, archonship of, viii. 280, 309.
• Eukles, vi. 407, 409, 413 seq.
• Eumachus, [xii. 438], [439].
• Eumelus of Bosporus, [xii. 481] seq.
• Eumelus the poet, i. 120 seq.
• Eumenes, [xii. 74];
  • and Hephæstion, [xii. 246];
  • and Perdikkas, [xii. 320];
  • victory of, over Kraterus and Neoptolemus, [xii. 336] seq.;
  • attempts of, to uphold Alexander’s dynasty in Asia, [xii. 340] seq.;
  • and Antigonus, [xii. 337].
• Eumenides, Æschylus’s, and the Areopagus, iii. 80 n.
• Eumolpus, i. 202 seq.
• Eunomus, ix. 374.
• Eupatridæ, iii. 72 seq.
• Euphaes, ii. 426.
• Euphemus, speech of, at Kamarina, vii. 231.
• Euphiletus and Melêtus, vii. 204.
• Euphræus, xi. 206, 448.
• Euphrates, Cyrus the Younger at, ix. 31;
  • the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 103;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 150], [250].
• Euphron, x. 269 seq.
• Euripides, faults imputed to, i. 389 seq.;
  • story about the dramas of, and the Athenian prisoners in Sicily, vii. 346;
  • number of tragedies by, viii. 319 n.;
  • Æschylus and Sophokles, viii. 322 seq.;
  • and Dekamnichus, x. 47.
• Euripides, financial proposal of, ix. 380 n.
• Euripus, bridge across, viii. 112, 118.
• Eurôpa, i. 218 seq., 527.
• Eurotas, crossed by Epaminondas, x. 218.
• Euryalus, Hamilkar’s attempt on, [xii. 423].
• Eurybatês, v. 49.
• Eurybiades, v. 75, 120 seq.
• Eurydike, widow of Amyntas, x. 250.
• Eurydike, granddaughter of Philip, [xii. 333], [334], [337].
• Euryleon, v. 207.
• Eurylochus, vi. 301, 302, 304, 305.
• Eurymedon, victories of the, v. 308.
• Eurymedon at Korkyra, vi. 274 seq.;
  • and Sophokles, expedition of, to Korkyra and Sicily, vi. 316 seq., 360 seq.;
  • at Pylus, vi. 322 seq., 333;
  • expeditions of, to Sicily, vii. 133, 136, 287;
  • return of, from Sicily to Athens, vii. 139.
• Eurynomê and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.
• Euryptolemus, viii. 177 n., 184, 197, 200 seq.
• Eurypylus, i. 301.
• Eurystheus, i. 91, 92, 93, 94.
• Eurytos, i. 139, 151.
• Eurytus, v. 94.
• Eutæa, Agesilaus at, B. C. 370, x. 211.
• Euthydemus, Plato’s, viii. 392 n.
• Euthykrates and Lasthenes, xi. 351, 352.
• Euxine, Greek settlements on, iii. 236; iv. 27, ix. 121;
  • first sight of, by the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 111;
  • indigenous tribes on, ix. 122;
  • the Greeks on, and the Ten Thousand, ix. 123 seq.;
  • Xenophon’s idea of founding a new city on the, ix. 132 seq.
• Evadnê, i. 278.
• Evagoras, ix. 364, 374, x. 14 seq.

• F.
• Family tie, in legendary Greece, ii. 83;
  • rites in Greece, iii. 51.
• Fates, i. 7;
  • and Crœsus, iv. 195 seq.
• Ferdousi, Persian epic of, i. 641.
• Festivals, Grecian, i. 51, ii. 228, iv. 53, 67 seq., 71 seq.;
  • at Athens, viii. 324.
• Fiction, plausible, i. 435; ii. 51.
• Fictitious matter in Greek tradition, i. 433.
• Financial changes, Kleisthenean, iv. 137.
• Five Thousand, the, at Athens, viii. 31, 54 n., 61, 75 n. 1, 78 seq.
• Flaying alive by Persians and Turks, iv. 293 n. 2.
• Fleece, Golden, legend of, i. 123.
• Flute, use of, in Sparta, iv. 87.
• Fortification of towns in early Greece, ii. 108 seq.;
  • of the Grecian camp in the Iliad, ii. 186.
• Four Hundred, the oligarchy of, viii. 30 seq.
• Frenzy, religious, of women, i. 30 seq.
• Funeral ceremony at Athens over slain warriors, vi. 31;
  • orations, besides that of Periklês, vi. 142 n.;
  • obsequies of Hephæstion, [xii. 252], [254].
• Funerals, Solon’s regulations about iii. 140.
• G.
• Gadês, iii. 271 seq.;
  • voyage from Corinth to, in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., iii. 277.
• Gæa, i. 4, 6, 9.
• Gæsylus, xi. 116.
• Games, Olympic, i. 100, ii. 241 seq., 317 seq., iv. 55 seq.;
  • Isthmian, i. 124, ii. 306 n. 1, iv. 65;
  • the four great Grecian, ii. 240, iv. 67, 80 seq.;
  • Solon’s rewards to victors at, iii. 141;
  • Pythian, iv. 58, 64 seq.;
  • Nemean, iv. 65.
• Gamori, iii. 30;
  • at Syracuse, v. 206.
• Gargaphia, fountain of, v. 165 n. 3.
• Gaugamela, battle of, [xii. 155] seq.
• Gauls, embassy of, to Alexander, [xii. 28];
  • invasion of Greece by, [xii. 390].
• Gaza, capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 142] seq.
• Gedrosia, Alexander in, [xii. 200], [236].
• Gela, v. 208; and Syracuse, before B. C. 500, v. 204;
  • Kleander of, v. 208;
  • Gelo, despot of, v. 213 seq.;
  • congress of Sicilian cities at, vii. 137;
  • and Hannibal’s capture of Selinus, x. 408;
  • expeditions of Dionysius to, x. 438, 439, 447 seq.;
  • capture of, by Imilkon, x. 447 seq.;
  • Timoleon and the fresh colonization of, xi. 187;
  • Agathokles at, [xii. 408].
• Geleontes, iii. 51.
• Gelo, v. 67, 204-239.
• Gelôni, iii. 244.
• Gelonian dynasty, fall of, v. 233;
  • citizens of Syracuse, v. 234 seq.
• Genealogies, Grecian, i. 80 seq., 448;
  • Argeian, i. 81, mythical, i. 191, 445 seq.;
  • Egyptian, i. 448;
  • Clinton’s vindication of, ii. 37 seq.
• Genealogy, Corinthian, of Eumelus, i. 120 seq.;
  • of Orchomenos, i. 127 seq.;
  • Eleian, i. 139;
  • Ætolian, i. 143;
  • Laconian, i. 168;
  • Messênian i. 171;
  • Arcadian, i. 173.
• Generals, Kleisthenean, iv. 136.
• Gentes, Attic, iii. 53 seq., 66 seq.;
  • analogy between those of Greece and other nations, iii. 58 seq.;
  • Grecian, patronymic names of, iii. 63;
  • difference between Grecian and Roman, iii. 65;
  • non-members of, under Solon, iii. 133.
• Geographical knowledge, Hesiodic and Homeric, ii. 114;
  • views of Alexander, [xii. 232 n. 1].
• Geography, fabulous, i. 245 seq.;
  • Homeric, iii. 204;
  • of the retreat of the Ten Thousand, ix. 115 seq.
• Geological features of Greece, ii. 215.
• Geomori, iii. 30, 72.
• Gergis, iii. 197;
  • Derkyllidas at, ix. 212.
• Gergithes, iii. 197.
• German progress brought about by violent external influences, i. 463;
  • mythes, i. 464.
• Gerontes, ii. 66.
• Geronthræ, conquest of, ii. 419.
• Geryôn, i. 7, 249.
• Getæ, Alexander’s defeat of, [xii. 24].
• Gigantes, birth of, i. 5, 9 n.
• Gillus, iv. 258.
• Giskon, x. 401, 403 n., xi. 180.
• Glaukæ, [xii. 230].
• Glauke, i. 117.
• Glaukon, discourse of, in Plato’s Republic, viii. 391.
• Glaukus, i. 224.
• Gnomic, Greek poets, iv. 90 seq.
• Gnomon, whence obtained by the Greeks, iii. 345.
• Goddesses, and gods, twelve great, i. 10.
• Gods, Grecian, how conceived by the Greeks, i. 3 seq., 347 seq.;
  • and dæmons, i. 425 seq.;
  • and men, i. 449.
• Golden Fleece, legend of, i. 123.
• Golden race, the, i. 65.
• Gongylus, the Corinthian, vii. 265, 271.
• Good, etc., meaning of, in early Greek writers, ii. 64;
  • double sense of the Greek and Latin equivalents of, iii. 45 n. 4.
• Gordian knot, Alexander cuts the, [xii. 104].
• Gordium, Alexander’s march from, [xii. 111].
• Gordius, legend of, iii. 217.
• Gorgias of Leontini, vii. 128, 132, viii. 369, 382.
• Gorgons, i. 90.
• Gorgôpas at Ægina, ix. 373 seq.
• Government of historical and legendary Greece, ii. 60 seq.;
  • heroic, ii. 75;
  • earliest changes of, in Greece, iii. 4 seq.;
  • kingly, iii. 5 seq.;
  • change from monarchical to oligarchical in Greece, iii. 15 seq.
• Governments, Grecian, weakness of, iv. 152.
• Graces, the, i. 10.
• Grææ, i. 7.
• Græci, ii. 269.
• Græcia Magna, iii. 399.
• Græco-Asiatic cities, [xii. 271].
• Granikus, battle of the, [xii. 80] seq.;
  • Athenians captured at the, [xii. 105].
• Graphê Paranomôn, v. 375 seq.;
  • abolition of, B. C. 411, viii. 36.
• Grecian mythes, i. 51, 426 seq.;
  • genealogies, i. 80 seq.;
  • mythology, sources of our information on, i. 106;
  • intellect, expansive force of, i. 362;
  • progress between B. C. 700 and 500, i. 365 seq.;
  • antiquity, i. 445, 448; genealogies, i. 447;
  • townsman, intellectual acquisitions of a, i. 458;
  • poetry, matchless, i. 463;
  • progress self-operated, i. 463;
  • mythology, how it would have been affected by the introduction of Christianity, B. C. 500, i. 467;
  • mythes, proper treatment of, i. 487 seq.;
  • computation of time, ii. 115 n. 2;
  • festivals, intellectual influence of, ii. 228;
  • history, first and second periods of, ii. 270 seq., iv. 52;
  • opinion, change in, on the decision of disputes by champions, ii. 451;
  • states, growing communion of, between B. C. 600 and 547, ii. 461;
  • “faith”, iii. 115;
  • settlements on the Euxine, iii. 236;
  • marine and commerce, growth of, iii. 336;
  • colonies in Southern Italy, iii. 374 seq.;
  • world about 560 B. C., iii. 398;
  • history, want of unity in, iv. 51, 52;
  • games, influence of, upon the Greek mind, iv. 70 seq.;
  • art, beginnings and importance of, iv. 98 seq.;
  • architecture, iv. 99;
  • governments, weakness of, iv. 152;
  • world, in the Thirty years’ truce, vi. 47;
  • and barbarian military feeling, contrast between, vi. 446;
  • youth, society and conversation of, vii. 33 n.;
  • states, complicated relations among, B. C. 420, vii. 52, and B. C. 366, x. 292;
  • philosophy, negative side of, viii. 345;
  • dialectics, their many-sided handling of subjects, viii. 454 seq.;
  • states embassies from, at Pella, B. C. 346, xi. 404 seq.;
  • captives, mutilated, at Persepolis, [xii. 173];
  • history, bearing of Alexander’s Asiatic campaigns on, [xii. 179] seq.;
  • mercenaries under Darius, [xii. 183], [184], [188], [189];
  • envoys with Darius, [xii. 189];
  • world, state of, B. C. 334, [xii. 275];
  • exiles, Alexander’s rescript directing the recall of, [xii. 310] seq.
• Greece, legends of, originally isolated, afterwards thrown into series, i. 105;
  • legendary and historical, state of society and manners in, ii. 57-118;
  • subterranean course of rivers in, ii. 218;
  • difficulty of land communication in, ii. 220;
  • accessibility of, by sea, ii. 222;
  • islands and colonies of, ii. 224;
  • difference between the land-states and sea-states in, ii. 225;
  • effects of the configuration of, ii. 226 seq.;
  • mineral and other productions of, ii. 229 seq.;
  • climate of, ii. 232;
  • difference between the inhabitants of different parts of, ii. 233;
  • ante-Hellenic inhabitants of, ii. 261;;
  • discontinuance of kingship in, iii. 7;
  • anti-monarchical sentiment of, iii. 11 seq., iv. 176;
  • the voyage from, to Italy or Sicily, iii. 361;
  • seven wise men of, iv. 94 seq.;
  • first advance of, towards systematic conjunction, iv. 174;
  • probable consequences of a Persian expedition against, before that against Scythia, iv. 261 seq.;
  • on the eve of Xerxes’s invasion, v. 57, 60;
  • first separation of, into two distinct parties, v. 262 seq., 290;
  • proceedings in central, between B. C. 470-464, v. 312;
  • state of feeling in, between B. C. 445-431, vi. 76;
  • bad morality of the rich and great in, vi. 284;
  • atmospherical disturbances in, B. C. 427, vi. 293;
  • warlike preparations in, during the winter of B. C. 414-413, vii. 287;
  • alteration of feeling in, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275;
  • disgust in, at the Thirty at Athens, viii. 262;
  • degradation of, by the peace of Antalkidas, x. 2 seq., 10;
  • effect of the battle of Leuktra on, x. 184, 185, 193;
  • relations of Dionysius with, B. C. 382-369, xi. 44;
  • state of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 197;
  • decline of citizen-soldiership and increase of mercenaries in, after the Peloponnesian war, xi. 280 seq.;
  • effect of the peace and alliance between Philip and Athens upon, xi. 430;
  • movements and intrigues of Philip throughout, after B. C. 346, xi. 443 seq.;
  • state of, on Alexander’s accession, [xii. 1], 9 seq.;
  • march of Alexander into, B. C. 336, [xii. 11];
  • Macedonian interventions in, B. C. 336-335, [xii. 16] seq.;
  • terror in, on the destruction of Thebes by Alexander, [xii. 43];
  • connection of Alexander with, history of, [xii. 50] seq., 179 seq.;
  • an appendage to Macedonia under Alexander, [xii. 52];
  • military changes in, during the sixty years before Alexander’s accession, [xii. 53] seq.;
  • possibility of emancipating, during Alexander’s earlier Asiatic campaigns, [xii. 276];
  • hopes raised in, by the Persian fleet and armies, B. C. 334-331, [xii. 276];
  • submission of, to Antipater, [xii. 285];
  • effect of Alexander’s death on, [xii. 311];
  • confederacy for liberating, after Alexander’s death, [xii. 311] seq.;
  • Ptolemy of Egypt in, [xii. 373];
  • success of Demetrius Poliorketes in, against Kassander, [xii. 382];
  • under Demetrius Poliorketes and Antigonus Gonatas, [xii. 390];
  • invasion of, by the Gauls, [xii. 390];
  • of Polybius, [xii. 391].
• Greece, Proper, geography of, ii. 211 seq.
• Greek forces against Troy, i. 289 seq.;
  • language and the mythes, i. 351;
  • tradition, matter of, uncertified, i. 433;
  • language, various dialects of, ii. 238;
  • alphabet, origin of, iii. 344 n.;
  • Latin and Oscan languages, iii. 354;
  • settlements, east of the Strymôn in Thrace, iv. 20;
  • settlements on the Euxine south of the Danube, iv. 27;
  • settlements in Libya, and the nomads, iv. 38;
  • cities, local festivals in, iv. 51, 67 seq.;
  • lyric poetry, iv. 73, 90;
  • poetry about the middle of the seventh century B. C., iv. 74;
  • music, about the middle of the seventh century B. C., iv. 75;
  • poetry, after Terpander, iv. 77;
  • hexameter, new metres superadded to, iv. 79;
  • chorus, iv. 83, 87;
  • dancing, iv. 85;
  • mind, positive tendencies of, in the time of Herodotus, iv. 105 n.;
  • philosophy, in the sixth century B. C., 380 seq.;
  • fleet at Artemisium, v. 79 seq., 83 seq.;
  • fleet at Salamis, v. 111;
  • fleet at Mykalê, v. 193 seq.;
  • fleet after the battle of Mykalê, v. 200 seq.;
  • fleet, expedition of, against Asia, B. C. 478, v. 253;
  • generals and captains, slaughter of Cyreian, ix. 72 seq.;
  • heroes, analogy of Alexander to the, [xii. 71].
• Greeks, return of, from Troy, i. 309 seq.;
  • their love of antiquities, i. 353;
  • their distaste for a real history of the past, i. 359;
  • Homeric, ii. 92, 114;
  • in Asia Minor, ii. 235, iii. 212;
  • extra-Peloponnesian north of Attica in the first two centuries, ii. 273 seq.;
  • advance of, in government in the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., iii. 20;
  • musical modes of, iii. 212;
  • and Phenicians in Sicily and Cyprus, iii. 276;
  • contrasted with Egyptians, Assyrians, and Phenicians, iii. 304;
  • influence of Phenicians, Assyrians, and Egyptians on, iii. 343 seq.;
  • and Carthaginians, first known collision between, iii. 348;
  • Sicilian and Italian, monetary and statical scale of, iii. 369;
  • in Sicily, prosperity of, between B. C. 735-485, iii. 368 seq.;
  • in Sicily and in Greece Proper, difference between, iii. 372;
  • Italian, between B. C. 700-500, iii. 392, 394, 398;
  • their talent for command over barbarians, iv. 17;
  • first voyage of, to Libya, iv. 29;
  • and Libyans at Kyrene, iv. 39;
  • political isolation of, iv. 51;
  • tendencies to political union among, after B. C. 560, iv. 52;
  • growth of union among, between B. C. 776-560, iv. 53;
  • rise of philosophy and dialectic among, iv. 96;
  • writing among, iv. 97;
  • Asiatic, after Cyrus’s conquest of Lydia, iv. 198;
  • Asiatic, application of, to Sparta, 546 B. C., iv. 199;
  • and Darius, before the battle of Marathon, iv. 315;
  • eminent, liable to be corrupted by success, iv. 375 seq.;
  • and Persians, religious conception of history common to, v. 11;
  • northern, and Xerxes, v. 64, 69;
  • confederate, engagement of, against such as joined Xerxes, v. 70;
  • effect of the battle of Thermopylæ on, v. 105 seq.;
  • and the battle of Salamis, v. 121 seq.;
  • Medising, and Mardonius, v. 148;
  • Medising, at Platæa, v. 161;
  • at Platæa, v. 163 seq.;
  • at Mykalê, v. 194 seq.;
  • Asiatic, first step to the ascendancy of Athens over, v. 200;
  • Sicilian, early governments of, v. 206;
  • Sicilian, progress of, between the battle of Salamis and Alexander, v. 241;
  • allied, oppose the fortification of Athens, v. 243 seq., 246;
  • allied, transfer the headship from Sparta to Athens, B. C. 477, v. 260 seq.;
  • allied, Aristeides assessment of, v. 263;
  • allied, under Athens, substitute money-payment for personal service, v. 298 seq.;
  • effect of the Athenian disaster in Sicily upon, vii. 363;
  • and Tissaphernes, Alkibiades acts as interpreter between, viii. 4 seq.;
  • Asiatic, surrender of, by Sparta to Persia, ix. 205;
  • Asiatic, and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 206;
  • Asiatic, and Tissaphernes, ix. 207;
  • the Ten Thousand, their position and circumstances, ix. 11;
  • Ten Thousand, at Kunaxa, ix. 42 seq.;
  • Ten Thousand, after the battle of Kunaxa, ix. 52 seq.;
  • Ten Thousand, retreat of, ix. 56-121, 181 seq.;
  • Ten Thousand, after their return to Trapezus, ix. 121-180;
  • Asiatic, their application to Sparta for aid against Tissaphernes, ix. 207;
  • in the service of Alexander in Asia, [xii. 74];
  • unpropitious circumstances for, in the Lamian war, [xii. 334];
  • Italian, pressed upon by enemies from the interior, [xii. 394].
• Gurylls, death of, x. 335.
• Guilds, Grecian deities of, i. 344;
  • German and early English, iii. 60 n. 2;
  • compared with ancient political associations, viii. 16 n. 2.
• Gyges, i. 5, iii. 219 seq.
• Gylippus, expedition of, to Syracuse, vii. 242, 265 seq., 275 seq., 298 seq., 323, 330 seq.
• Gylon, father of Kleobulê, the mother of Demosthenes, xi. 261 n. 1.
• Gymnêsii, iii. 35.
• Gyndês, distribution of, into channels by Cyrus, iv. 212.

• H.
• Hadês, i. 6 seq., 7, 9.
• Hæmôn and Antigonê, i. 276.
• Haliartus, Lysander at, ix. 294.
• Halikarnassus, ii. 31, iii. 201;
  • capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 94] seq.
• Halonnesus, dispute between Philip and the Athenians about, xi. 449 seq.
• Halys, the, 207.
• Hamilkar, defeat and death of, at Himera, v. 222 seq.
• Hamilkar, collusion of, with Agathokles, [xii. 401];
  • superseded in Sicily by another general of the same name, [xii. 403].
• Hamilkar, victory of, at the Himera, [xii. 408] seq.;
  • attempt of, upon Syracuse, [xii. 422];
  • defeat and death of, [xii. 424].
• Hannibal, expeditions of, to Sicily, x. 402-415, 421 seq.
• Hanno, silly fabrication of, xi. 158.
• Harmodius and Aristogeitôn, iv. 111 seq.
• Harmosts, Spartan, ix. 189 seq., 197, 201.
• Harpagus, iv. 202, 207.
• Harpalus, [xii. 240], [294] seq.
• Harpies, the, i. 1, 266.
• Hêbê, i. 10.
• Hectôr, i. 286, 297.
• Hegemony, Athenian, v. 291 seq.
• Hegesippus, xi. 446.
• Hegesistratus, iv. 118, v. 191, [xii. 90], [91].
• Hekabê, i. 286.
• Hekatæus on Geryôn, i. 249;
  • on the Argonauts, i. 253;
  • and the mythes, i. 391;
  • and the Ionic revolt, iv. 284, 296.
• Hekatompylus, Alexander at, [xii. 188].
• Hekatoncheires, the, i. 4, 5.
• Hekatonymus and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 129 seq.
• Helen, i. 161, 168, 169;
  • necklace of, i. 282;
  • and Paris, i. 287;
  • and Achilles, i. 294;
  • various legends of, i. 305 seq.
• Helenus and Andromachê, i. 305.
• Heliæa, iii. 128 n., iv. 137, 141 seq.
• Heliasts, iv. 141.
• Helikê, destruction of, x. 157.
• Helios, i. 6, 344.
• Helixus, viii. 133.
• Hellanikus, his treatment of mythes, i. 390;
  • contrasted with Saxo Grammaticus and Snorro Sturleson, i. 468.
• Hellas, division of, i. 100;
  • proper, ii. 212;
  • mountain systems of, ii. 212 seq.;
  • islands and colonies of, ii. 224;
  • most ancient, ii. 268;
  • first historical manifestation of, as an aggregate body, iv. 318.
• Hellê and Phryxus, i. 123.
• Hellên and his sons, i. 99 seq.
• Hellênes, i. 99, ii. 236 seq., 255 seq.
• Hellenic religion and customs in the Trôad, i. 337;
  • cities, ii. 257.
• Hellênion at Naukratis, iii. 336.
• Hellenism, definition of, [xii. 270].
• Hellenotamiæ, v. 265, viii. 310.
• Hellespont, bridges of Xerxes over, v. 15 seq., 19 n.;
  • crossed by Xerxes, v. 31;
  • retreating march of Xerxes to, v. 144 seq.;
  • Grecian fleet at, B. C. 479, v. 200;
  • Strombichidês at, viii. 96;
  • Peloponnesian reinforcement to, B. C. 411, viii. 97;
  • Mindarus and Thrasyllus at, viii. 102, 109, 117;
  • Athenians and Peloponnesians at, after the battle of Kynossêma, viii. 117;
  • Thrasyllus and Alkibiadês at, viii. 131;
  • Thrasybulus at, ix. 366;
  • Iphikrates at, ix. 369 seq.;
  • Antalkidas at, ix. 384;
  • Epaminondas at, x. 301, 306;
  • Timotheus at, x. 301, 306, 368;
  • Autoklês at, x. 371 seq.;
  • operations of the Athenians at, B. C. 357, xi. 224;
  • disputes between Athens and Philip about, xi. 450;
  • imprudence of the Persians in letting Alexander cross the, [xii. 78].
• Helôris, unsuccessful expedition of, xi. 5, 7, 15.
• Helots, ii. 373 seq.;
  • Pausanias and, v. 270;
  • revolt of, v. 315 seq.;
  • at Ithômê, capitulation of, v. 333;
  • assassination of, vi. 368 seq.;
  • Brasidean, vii. 21;
  • brought back to Pylus, vii. 71;
  • and the invasion of, Laconia by Epaminondas, x. 219;
  • establishment of, with the Messenians, x. 229 seq.
• Helus, conquered by Alkamenês, ii. 420.
• Hephæstion, [xii. 246], [247], [252], [254].
• Hephæstos, i. 10, 58.
• Hêræon near Mykênæ, i. 165.
• Hêræon Teichos, siege of, by Philip, xi. 307.
• Hêrakleia Pontica, i. 241; [xii. 460] seq.;
  • the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 146.
• Hêrakleia in Italy, iii. 384, vi. 14.
• Hêrakleia in Sicily, v. 207;
  • Dion at, xi. 89, 90 seq.
• Hêrakleia Trachinea, vi. 90 seq.; vii. 60, ix. 284, 302, xi. 90 seq.
• Hêrakleid kings of Corinth, ii. 307.
• Hêrakleides the Syracusan, exile of, xi. 86;
  • victory of, over Philistus, xi. 100;
  • and Dion, xi. 101, 105, 110, 112 seq., 121;
  • victory of, over Nypsius, xi. 107;
  • death of, xi. 122.
• Hêrakleides, governor of the Pontic Herakleia, [xii. 469], [470].
• Hêrakleids, i. 94, 95, ii. 1 seq.;
  • Lydian dynasty of, iii. 222.
• Hêraklês, i. 92 seq.;
  • attack of, on Pylos, i. 110;
  • and Alkêstis, i. 113;
  • overthrows Orchomenos, i. 133;
  • death of, i. 151;
  • and Hylas, i. 234;
  • and Laomedôn, i. 286;
  • Tyrian temple of, iii. 269.
• Hêraklês, son of Alexander, [xii. 372].
• Hêrê, i. 6, 7, 10, 58;
  • and Mykênæ, i. 165;
  • temple of, near Argos, burnt, vi. 451;
  • Lakinian, robe of, xi. 52.
• Herippidas, ix. 285, 326, 339.
• Hermæ, mutilation of, at Athens, vii. 167 seq., 199 seq.
• Hermeias of Atarneus, xi. 441.
• Hermes, i. 10, 58 seq.
• Hermionê, i. 163.
• Hermokratês, at the congress at Gela, vii. 137;
  • and the Athenian armament, vii. 182;
  • recommendations of, after the battle near Olympieion, vii. 227;
  • speech of at Kamarina, vii. 229;
  • urges the Syracusans to attack the Athenians at sea, vii. 290;
  • postpones the Athenians’ retreat from Syracuse, vii. 330;
  • and Tissaphernês, vii. 390; viii. 98;
  • in the Ægean, x. 385 seq.;
  • banishment of, x. 387 seq.;
  • his return to Sicily, and death, x. 415 seq.
• Hermokratean party, x. 432;
  • exiles, x. 438.
• Hermolaus, [xii. 221].
• Hermotybii and Kalasiries, iii. 316.
• Herodotus, on Minôs, i. 228, 229;
  • on Helen and the Trojans, i. 308;
  • treatment of mythes by, i. 393 seq.;
  • his view of Lykurgus, ii. 343;
  • his story of Solon and Crœsus, iii. 151 seq.;
  • chronological mistakes of, iii. 154 n., 198 n. 3;
  • chronological discrepancies of, respecting Kyaxarês, iii. 232 n.;
  • his description of Scythia, iii. 236 seq.;
  • his account of Babylon, iii. 295 seq., 297 n. 2;
  • distinction between what he professes to have seen and heard, iii. 309;
  • on the effects of despotism and democracy upon the Athenians, iv. 178;
  • and Ktêsias, on Cyrus, iv. 185;
  • chronology of his life and authorship, iv. 277 n., v. 49 n.;
  • his narrative of Darius’s march into Scythia, iv. 265 seq.;
  • does not mention Pythagoras in connection with the war between Sybaris and Kroton, iv. 416;
  • historical manner and conception of, v. 5, 11, n. 3;
  • his estimate of the number of Xerxes’s army, v. 36 seq.;
  • doubts about the motives ascribed to Xerxes at Thermopylæ by, v. 87;
  • a proof of the accuracy of, v. 89 n.;
  • on the movements of the Persian fleet before the battle of Salamis, v. 132 nn.
• Heroes appear with gods and men on mythes, i. 64;
  • Greek, at Aulis, i. 293 seq., 289;
  • Greek, analogy of Alexander to, [xii. 70].
• Heroic race, i. 66, legends, i. 424.
• Hesiod, theogony of, i. 3, 16, 20, 74;
  • family affairs of, i. 72;
  • Iapetids in, i. 73;
  • complaints of, against kings, ii. 73;
  • dark picture of Greece by, ii. 91.
• Hesiodic mythes traceable to Krête and Delphi, i. 15;
  • “Works and Days”, i. 66 seq.;
  • philosophy, i. 367;
  • Greeks, ii. 114 seq.;
  • epic, ii. 119.
• Hesionê, i. 286.
• Hesperides, dragon of, i. 7.
• Hesperides, town of, iv. 32 n. 2, 42.
• Hestia, i. 6, 7, 58.
• Hestiæa on Ilium, i. 329.
• Hetæræ, vi. 100.
• Hetæries, at Athens, vi. 290, viii. 15.
• Hexameter, the ancient, i. 73;
  • new metres superadded to, iv. 75.
• Hierax, ix. 373.
• Hiero of Syracuse, v. 227 seq.
• Hieromnêmôn, ii. 246.
• Hiketas, xi. 128;
  • and the Syracusans, xi. 134;
  • message of, to Corinth and to Timoleon, xi. 143, 144;
  • defeat of, at Adranum, xi. 148;
  • and Magon, xi. 156 seq., 159;
  • flight of, from Syracuse to Leontini, xi. 161;
  • capitulation of, with Timoleon, xi. 170;
  • invites the Carthaginians to invade Sicily, xi. 171;
  • defeat, surrender, and death of, xi. 181, 182.
• Himera, iii. 367;
  • battle of, v. 221 seq.;
  • treatment of, by Thêro, v. 228;
  • capture of, by Hannibal, x. 410 seq.;
  • defeat of Agathokles at the, [xii. 408] seq.
• Hindoos, rivers personified by, i. 342 n. 2;
  • their belief with regard to the small pox, i. 360 n.;
  • belief of, in fabulous stories, i. 430 n.;
  • expensiveness of marriage among, iii. 141 n. 2;
  • sentiment of, with regard to the discontinuance of sacrifices, [xii. 43 n. 1].
• Hindoo Koosh, Alexander at, [xii. 200];
  • Alexander reduces the country between the Indus and, [xii. 224] seq.
• Hindostan, hoarding in, [xii. 175 n. 3].
• Hipparchus, ii. 153 n., iv. 111 seq.
• Hipparinus, son of Dionysius, xi. 130.
• Hippeis, Solonian, iii. 118.
• Hippias, of Elis, viii. 380 seq.
• Hippias, Peisistratid, iv. 111 seq., 120 seq., 281, 356 n. 2.
• Hippo, iv. 385.
• Hippodameia, i. 159.
• Hippodamus, vi. 20.
• Hippokleidês, iii. 39.
• Hippokratês the physician, i. 373; viii. 426 n. 2.
• Hippokratês of Gela, v. 213 seq.
• Hippokratês, the Athenian general, vi. 370 seq., 379, 382 seq., 388.
• Hippon, xi. 184.
• Hipponikus, iii. 102.
• Hipponium, capture of, xi. 17;
  • re-establishment of, xi. 43.
• Hipponoidas, vii. 85, 89.
• Histiæus and the bridge over the Danube, iv. 272;
  • and Myrkinus, iv. 273, 277;
  • detention of, at Susa, iv. 277;
  • and the Ionic revolt, iv. 284, 299 seq., 309.
• Historians, treatment of mythes by, i. 391 seq.
• Historical proof, positive evidence indispensable to, i. 430;
  • sense of modern times not to be applied to an unrecording age, i. 432;
  • evidence, the standard of, raised with regard to England, but not with regard to Greece, i. 485;
  • and legendary Greece compared, ii. 60 seq.
• Historicizing innovations in the tale of Troy, i. 333;
  • of ancient mythes, i. 409 seq.;
  • applicable to all mythes, or none, i. 422.
• History, uninteresting to early Greeks, i. 359;
  • of England, how conceived down to the seventeenth century, i. 482 seq.;
  • and legend, Grecian, blank between, ii. 33 seq.;
  • Grecian first period of, from B. C. 776 to 560, ii. 270, 273;
  • Grecian, second period of, from B. C. 560 to 300, ii. 270 seq.;
  • religious conception of, common to Greeks and Persians, v. 10.
• Homer and Hesiod, mythology of, i. 12;
  • personality and poems of, ii. 127 seq.
• Homeric Zeus, i. 12;
  • hymns, i. 34, 37 seq., 45, 59, 60, iii. 168 seq.;
  • legend of the birth of Hêraklês, i. 93 seq.;
  • Pelops, i. 159;
  • gods, types of, i. 350;
  • age, mythical faith of, i. 359;
  • philosophy, i. 368;
  • account of the inhabitants of Peloponnesus, ii. 12;
  • Boulê and Agora, ii. 65 seq.;
  • Greeks, social condition of, ii. 97 seq., 107;
  • Greeks, unity, idea of, partially revived, ii. 162 seq.;
  • epoch, right conception of, ii. 174;
  • mode of fighting, ii. 457;
  • geography, iii. 204.
• Homêrids, the poetical gens of, ii. 132.
• Homicide, purification for, i. 25, 26;
  • mode of dealing with, in legendary and historical Greece, ii. 93 seq.;
  • tribunals for, at Athens, iii. 77;
  • Drake’s laws of, retained by Solon, iii. 134;
  • trial for and the senate of Areopagus, v. 368 n.
• Homoioi, Spartan, ii. 363, 418.
• Hoplêtes, iii. 51.
• Hôræ, the, i. 10.
• Horkos, i. 7, 8.
• Horse, the wooden, of Troy, i. 302, 309.
• Horsemen at Athens, after the restoration of the democracy, B. C. 403, viii. 305.
• Hospitality in legendary Greece, ii. 84.
• Human sacrifices in Greece, i. 126 seq.
• Hyakinthia and the Lacedæmonians, v. 153.
• Hyakinthus, i. 168.
• Hyblæan Megara, iii. 365.
• Hydarnês, v. 88.
• Hydaspes, Alexander at the, [xii. 227] seq.;
  • Alexander sails down the, [xii. 333].
• Hydra, the Lernæan, i. 7.
• Hydra, sailors of, v. 51 n. 2.
• Hykkara, capture of, vii. 216.
• Hylas and Hêraklês, i. 234.
• Hylleis, ii. 360.
• Hyllus, i. 94, 177.
• Hymns, Homeric, i. 34, 37 seq., 45, 59, 60, iii. 168 seq.;
  • at festival in honor of gods, i. 49.
• Hypaspistæ, [xii. 61].
• Hyperbolus, iv. 151, vii. 108 seq., viii. 27.
• Hyperides, xi. 509, [xii. 298 n. 1], [305 n.], [326], [327].
• Hyperiôn, i. 5, 6.
• Hypermênes, x. 146.
• Hypermnêstra, i. 88.
• Hyphasis, Alexander at, [xii. 231].
• Hypomeiones, Spartan, ii. 363, 418.
• Hyrkania, Alexander in, [xii. 166].

• I.
• Ialmenos and Askalaphos, i. 130.
• Iapetids in Hesiod, i. 74.
• Iapetos, i. 5, 6.
• Iapygians, iii. 392.
• Iasus, capture of, vii. 389.
• Iberia in Spain, iii. 275.
• Iberians and Dionysius, x. 510.
• Ida in Asia, iii. 195, 197.
• Ida in Crête, Zeus at, i. 6.
• Idanthyrsus, iv. 267.
• Idas, i. 169, 171.
• Idomenê, Demosthenês at, vi. 306 seq.
• Idrieus, xi. 437.
• Ikarus, i. 225.
• Iliad and the Trojan war, i. 297;
  • and Odyssey, date, structure, and authorship of, ii. 118-209.
• Ilium, i. 286, 334 seq.
• Illyria, Dionysius’s schemes of conquest in, xi. 24.
• Illyrians, different tribes of, iv. 1 seq.;
  • retreat of Perdikkas and Brasidas before, vi. 447 seq.;
  • victory of Philip over, xi. 214 seq.;
  • defeat of, by Alexander, [xii. 28] seq.
• Ilus, i. 285, 286.
• Imbros, iv. 28, 278 seq.
• Imilkon and Hannibal, invasion of Sicily by, x. 421 seq.;
  • at Agrigentum, x. 425 seq.;
  • at Gela, x. 447 seq.;
  • and Dionysius, x. 454 seq.;
  • at Motyê, x. 479, 490;
  • capture of Messênê by, 491 seq.;
  • and the Campanians of Ætna, x. 497;
  • before Syracuse, x. 498 seq.;
  • flight of, from Syracuse, x. 510;
  • miserable end of, x. 511.
• Inachus, i. 82.
• Indus, Alexander at, [xii. 225] seq., 233 seq.;
  • voyage of Nearchus from the mouth of, to that of the Tigris, [xii. 235], [237].
• Industry, manufacturing, at Athens, iii. 136 seq.
• Infantry and oligarchy, iii. 31.
• Inland and maritime cities contrasted, ii. 225.
• Inô, i. 123 seq.
• Inscriptions, ii. 41.
• Interest on loans, iii. 107 seq., 159.
• Interpreters, Egyptian, iii. 327.
• Io, legend of, i. 84 seq.
• Iôn, i. 198, 204.
• Iônia, emigrants to, ii. 24 seq.;
  • conquest of, by Harpagus, iv. 202;
  • Mardonius’s deposition of despots in, iv. 312;
  • expedition of Astyochus to, vii. 382;
  • expedition of Thrasyllus to, viii. 129.
• Ionian, the name a reproach, iii. 169.
• Ionians, ii. 12, 13;
  • and Darius’s bridge over the Danube, iv. 271 seq.;
  • abandonment of, by the Athenians, iv. 297;
  • at Ladê, iv. 301 seq.;
  • at Mykalê, v. 192 seq., 197;
  • after the battle of Mykalê, v. 199.
• Ionic emigration, ii. 21, 24 seq., iii. 172;
  • tribes in Attica, iii. 50, 52 seq.;
  • cities in Asia, iii. 172 seq., 260;
  • and Italic Greeks, iii. 398;
  • revolt, iv. 285 seq., 306 n. 2;
  • philosophers, iv. 378;
  • Sicilians and Athens, vii. 132;
  • alphabet and the Athenian laws, viii. 308.
• Iphigeneia, i. 293.
• Iphiklos, i. 110.
• Iphikrates, destruction of a Lacedæmonian mora by, ix. 327 n., 341 n., 348 seq.;
  • military improvements and successes of, ix. 335 seq., 353;
  • defeat of Anaxibius by, ix. 370 seq.;
  • proceedings of, between B. C. 387-378, x. 105 seq.;
  • and Kotys, x. 106, 299, 369, 374;
  • expedition of, to Korkyra, x. 149 seq., 154 n.;
  • and Timotheus, x. 149, 299, xi. 231 seq.;
  • expedition of, to aid Sparta against Thebes, x. 237 seq.;
  • in Thrace and Macedonia, x. 250 seq., 299;
  • in the Hellespont, xi. 224;
  • and Chares, xi. 224 seq.
• Iphikrates the Younger, [xii. 129].
• Ipsus, battle of, [xii. 387].
• Iran, territory of, iv. 184.
• Irasa, iv. 31.
• Iris, i. 7.
• Iron race, the, i. 66.
• Isagoras, iv. 126, 164 seq.
• Ischagoras, vi. 449.
• Ischolaus, x. 217.
• Ischys, i. 178.
• Isidas, x. 332.
• Islands in the Ægean, ii. 234.
• Ismenias in the north of Bœotia, ix. 301;
  • and Leontiades, x. 59;
  • trial and execution of, x. 63.
• Ismenias and Pelopidas, x. 277 seq., 283, 285.
• Isokratês, his treatment of mythes, i. 407 n. 2;
  • on the origin of Periœki, ii. 367;
  • panegyrical oration of, x. 44, 77;
  • the Plataic oration of, x. 163;
  • the Archidamus of, x. 228 n. 2, 229 n. 1, 291 n. 2;
  • his letter to Philip, xi. 282, 436.
• Issêdones, iii. 245.
• Issus, Alexander at, before the battle, [xii. 114];
  • Darius at, before the battle, [xii. 117];
  • battle of, [xii. 118] seq.;
  • inaction of Darius after the battle of, [xii. 152];
  • and its neighborhood, as connected with the battle, [xii. 491] seq.
• Isthmian games, i. 124, ii. 242, iv. 65 seq.;
  • Eleians excluded from, i. 140, ii. 306 n.;
  • B. C. 412, vii. 368;
  • and Agesilaus, ix. 344.
• Istônê, Korkyræan fugitives at, vi. 278, 313, 357 seq.
• Italia, iii. 350.
• Italian Greeks, iii. 369, 392, 394 seq., xi. 7 seq., 133, [xii. 394].
• Italians, iii. 369.
• Italy and Sicily, early languages and history of, iii. 354 n.
• Italy, the voyage from Greece to, iii. 361;
  • Grecian colonies in, iii. 354, 360, 374 seq.;
  • decline of Greek power in, after the fall of Sybaris, iv. 415;
  • Southern, affairs of, B. C. 382-369, xi. 43.
• Ithômê, ii. 422, v. 316.

• J.
• Jason, i. 114 seq., 237 seq.
• Jason of Pheræ, x. 137 seq., 147 n., 153, 189 seq., 195 seq.
• Jaxartes, Alexander at the, [xii. 204] seq.
• Jocasta, i. 266 seq.
• Jurkæ, iii. 245.
• Jury-trial, characteristics of, exhibited in the Athenian dikasteries, v. 385 seq.
• K.
• Kabala, victory of Dionysius at, xi. 41.
• Kabeirichus, x. 85.
• Kadmeia, at Thebes, seizure of, by Phœbidas, x. 58 seq.;
  • surrender of, by the Lacedæmonians, x. 88 seq.
• Kadmus, i. 257 seq.
• Kalais and Zêtês, i. 199.
• Kalasiries and Hermotybii, iii. 316.
• Kalauria, i. 56;
  • Amphiktyony at, i. 133;
  • the Athenian allied armament at, x. 148;
  • death of Demosthenes at, [xii. 327] seq.
• Kalchas, wanderings and death of, i. 313.
• Kalê Aktê, foundation of, vii. 125.
• Kallias, treaty of, v. 336 seq.
• Kallias, son of Kalliades, vi. 70, 72.
• Kallias at the congress at Sparta, B. C. 371, x. 165.
• Kallias of Chalkis, xi. 341 seq., 452.
• Kallibius, the Lacedæmonian, viii. 242; ix. 188.
• Kallibius of Tegea, x. 209.
• Kalliklês, in Plato, viii. 382 seq.
• Kallikratidas, viii. 160 seq., 263.
• Kallimachus, the polemarch, iv. 341, 348.
• Kallinus, iv. 73, 77.
• Kallipidæ, iii. 239.
• Kallippus, xi. 123 seq., 128 seq.
• Kallirrhoe, i. 7, 282.
• Kallisthenês, the historian, i. 410.
• Kallisthenes, the general, failure and condemnation of, x. 370, xi. 423.
• Kallisthenes of Olynthus, [xii. 213], 216 seq., [222] seq.
• Kallistô, i. 175.
• Kallistratus, x. 110, 164, seq., 172, 288, xi. 266.
• Kallixenus, viii. 194 seq., 203, 205.
• Kalpê, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 148 seq.
• Kalydônian boar, i. 143, 146 seq.
• Kamarina, iii. 366;
  • restoration of, to independence, v. 237;
  • and the Athenians, vii. 194;
  • Athenian and Syracusan envoys at, vii. 229 seq.;
  • neutral policy of, B. C. 415, vii. 233;
  • evacuation of, x. 450;
  • and Timoleon, xi. 187.
• Kambyses, iv. 47, 218 seq.
• Kandaulês, iii. 220.
• Kannônus, psephism of, viii. 197 n.
• Kanôpic branch of the Nile., opening of, to Greek traffic, iii. 327.
• Kapaneus. i. 273, 278.
• Kappadokia subdued by Alexander, [xii. 111].
• Kardia, Athenian fleet at, viii. 120;
  • alliance of, with Philip, xi. 451;
  • Eumenes of, [xii. 74].
• Karduchians, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 95 seq.
• Karia, resistance of, to Daurisês, iv. 294.
• Karmania, Alexander’s bacchanalian procession through, [xii. 237].
• Karneian festival, ii. 306 n., v. 78.
• Karneius Apollo, i. 49.
• Karnus, ii. 3.
• Karpathus, ii. 31.
• Karystus, iv. 331, v. 303.
• Kassander, Alexander’s treatment of, [xii. 254];
  • schemes of, on Antipater’s death, [xii. 339];
  • and Polysperchon, war between, [xii. 360];
  • gets possession of Athens, [xii. 361];
  • in Peloponnesus, [xii. 365];
  • defeat of Olympias by, [xii. 366];
  • confederacy of, with Lysimachus, Ptolemy, and Seleukus against Antigonus, [xii. 367], [372], [382], [387];
  • founds Kassandreia and restores Thebes, [xii. 368];
  • and Alexander, son of Polysperchon, [xii. 368], [369];
  • and the Ætolians, [xii. 370];
  • measures of Antigonus against, [xii. 369], [370];
  • great power of, in Greece, [xii. 371];
  • Ptolemy, and Lysimachus, pacification of, with Antigonus, [xii. 371];
  • compact of Polysperchon with, [xii. 372], [381];
  • Ptolemy makes a truce with, [xii. 373];
  • success of Demetrius Poliorketes in Greece against, [xii. 382];
  • truce of, with Demetrius Poliorketes, [xii. 387];
  • death of, [xii. 389].
• Kassandra. i. 287.
• Kastôr and Pollux, i. 169 seq.
• Katabothra, ii. 218.
• Katana, iii. 364;
  • and Ætna, v. 236;
  • Alkibiadês at, vii. 194;
  • Nikias at, vii. 234;
  • conquest of, by Dionysius, x. 468;
  • Carthaginian naval victory near, x. 495;
  • Hiketas and Magon at, xi. 156.
• Katônakophori, iii. 35.
• Katreus and Althæmenês, i. 224.
• Kaulonia, iii. 384, xi. 14, 17;
  • Dikon of, xi. 28.
• Kaunus, Antisthenês at, vii. 397.
• Käystru-Pedion, march of Cyrus from Keramôn-Agora to, ix. 17 n. 2.
• Kebalinus, [xii. 191], [194].
• Kekrops, i. 195 seq.;
  • the second, i. 204.
• Kelænæ, Alexander at, [xii. 101].
• Keleos, i. 38 seq., 196.
• Keleustes, vi. 200 n.
• Kenchreæ, Peloponnesian fleet at, vii. 382.
• Kentrites, the Ten Thousand Greeks at the, ix. 99 seq.
• Kephallênia, iii. 410, vi. 135, 141.
• Kephalus, i. 195 n. 4, 198;
  • and Dionysius at Syracuse, xi. 167.
• Kephisodotus, x. 374, 377.
• Kerasus, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 127.
• Kersobleptes, x. 366;
  • and Charidemus, x. 366, 378, 379;
  • intrigue of, against Athens, xi. 258;
  • and the peace and alliance between Athens and Philip, xi. 396 seq.;
  • defeat of, by Philip, xi. 443.
• Kertch, tumuli near, [xii. 487] seq.
• Ketô, i. 7.
• Keyx and Alcyone, i. 135.
• Kilikia, Alexander in, [xii. 113], [114];
  • Darius in, [xii. 116].
• Kimon and Themistoklês, v. 278, 280;
  • capture of Skyros by, v. 304, 304 n. 2.;
  • victories of, at the Eurymedon, v. 308;
  • trial and acquittal of, v. 312, 365;
  • and the Spartan application for aid against the Helots, v. 318, 365;
  • recall of, from ostracism, v. 329;
  • death of, v. 335, 340;
  • political party of, v. 361;
  • and Periklês, v. 329, 362 seq., 371;
  • character of, v. 364;
  • ostracism of, v. 366.
• Kimonian treaty, the so-called, v. 337 seq.
• Kinadon, conspiracy and character of, ix. 251 seq.
• King, the, in legendary Greece, ii. 61 seq., 74 seq.;
  • the, in historical Greece, ii. 76;
  • English theory of a, iii. 13.
• Kings, Egyptian, iii. 321, 330 n. 2.
• Kingship, discontinuance of, in Greece generally, ii. 76, iii. 8;
  • in mediæval and modern Europe, iii. 8 seq.
• Kinyps and Dorieus, iv. 36.
• Kirrha, iv. 60 n., 61 seq., xi. 468 seq., 474.
• Kirrhæans, punishment of, iv. 62 seq.
• Kissidas, x. 265.
• Klarus, temple of Apollo at, iii. 185.
• Klazomenæ, iii. 188, vii. 372, 384, 391.
• Kleander of Gela, v. 207.
• Kleander the Lacedæmonian, ix. 149 seq., 152, 154, 165, [xii. 197].
• Kleandridas, vi. 14.
• Kleandridês, v. 349.
• Klearchus the Lacedæmonian, at the Hellespont, viii. 96;
  • at Byzantium, viii. 128;
  • and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 8, 22 seq.;
  • and Menon’s soldiers, ix. 35;
  • and Ariæus, ix. 52;
  • and Tissaphernes, ix. 63, 70 seq.
• Klearchus of the Pontic Herakleia, [xii. 461] seq.
• Klearidas, vi. 450, 470, 472, vii. 3.
• Kleinas, iii. 102.
• Kleisthenês of Sikyôn, i. 279, ii. 129, iii. 32 seq.
• Kleisthenês the Athenian, revolution in Attic tribes by, iii. 63, 67;
  • and the oracle at Delphi, iv. 121;
  • retirement and recall of, iv. 164, 165;
  • development of Athenian energy after, iv. 176;
  • changes in the constitution of, after the Persian war, v. 275.
• Kleïppidês, vi. 224 seq.
• Kleitarchus, xi. 450, 452.
• Kleitus the Illyrian, [xii. 28] seq.
• Kleitus, Alexander’s general, [xii. 85], [208] seq.
• Kleobulê, mother of Demosthenes, xi. 263.
• Kleobûlus and Xenarês, vii. 24 seq.
• Kleokritus, viii. 270.
• Kleombrotus, x. 94 seq., 129, 136, 176 seq., 180 seq.
• Kleomenês I., his expeditions to Athens, iv. 122, 164 seq.;
  • and Aristagoras, iv. 287;
  • defeat of Argeians by, iv. 320 seq.;
  • return of, without attacking Argos, iv. 321;
  • trial of, iv. 323;
  • and the Æginetans, iv. 325, 328;
  • and Demaratus, iv. 325 seq.;
  • violent proceedings and death of, v. 45.
• Kleomenês III., ii. 349, 350.
• Kleomenês, Alexander’s satrap, [xii. 241], [253], [253 n. 1].
• Kleon the Athenian, first mention of, by Thucydidês, vi. 244;
  • policy and character of, vi. 246, 480 seq.;
  • and Mitylênê, vi. 249 seq.;
  • political function of, vi. 290, 292;
  • and the prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 329 seq.;
  • expedition of, to Pylus, vi. 336 seq.;
  • warlike influence of, vi. 355, 457 seq.;
  • at Amphipolis, vi. 462 seq., 467 seq.;
  • capture of Torônê by, vi. 463;
  • at Eion, vi. 463;
  • Thucydidês’s treatment of, vi. 479, 483 seq.;
  • and Aristophanês, vi. 481 seq., 485.
• Kleon, of Halikarnassus, ix. 237, 300.
• Kleônæ and Argos, ii. 464, iv. 65 n. 2.
• Kleonikê and Pausanias, v. 255.
• Kleonymus, [xii. 448], [449].
• Kleopatra, wife of Philip, xi. 513 seq., 518 n. 2, [xii. 4] seq., [8].
• Kleopatra, daughter of Philip, xi. 514, [xii. 321], [372].
• Kleophon, viii. 123.
• Kleopus, iii. 228.
• Kleruchies, Athenian, revival of B. C. 365, vi. 31 n., x. 296 seq.
• Kleruchs, Athenian, in Chalkis, iv. 170;
  • in Lesbos, vi. 257;
  • after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 223.
• Klonas, musical improvements of, iv. 75.
• Klothô, i. 7.
• Klymenê, i. 6.
• Klytæmnêstra, i. 162, 168.
• Knêmus, vi. 193 seq., 202, 213.
• Knidus, settlement of, ii. 31;
  • maritime contests near, B. C. 412 vii. 394;
  • Antisthenês and Astyochus at, vii. 397;
  • the battle of, ix. 283;
  • and Agesilaus, ix. 312;
  • reverses of Sparta after the battle of, 317.
• Knights at Athens, viii. 305, ix. 183.
• Knôpus, iii. 187.
• Kodrids, i. 112.
• Kodrus, ii. 24;
  • archons after, iii. 48.
• Kœnus, [xii. 194], [195], [232].
• Kœos, i. 5, 7.
• Kœratadus, viii. 134, iv. 160, 163.
• Kôês, iv. 270, 273, 285.
• Kokalus, i. 225 seq.
• Kôlæus, his voyage to Tartêssus, iii. 279.
• Kôlakretæ, iv. 137.
• Kolchians and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 112, 126.
• Kolchis, and the Argonautic expedition, i. 241, 255.
• Kolônus, Athenian assembly at, viii. 35.
• Kolophôn, iii. 184 seq.
• Konipodes, iii. 35.
• Konon at Naupaktus, vii. 358;
  • at Andros, viii. 151;
  • appointment of, to succeed Alkibiadês, viii. 159;
  • at Samos, 160;
  • at Mitylênê, viii. 166 seq.;
  • escape of, from Ægospotami, viii. 219;
  • renewed activity of, ix. 255, 269;
  • at Rhodes, ix. 270;
  • visit of, to the Persian court, ix. 280 seq.;
  • and Pharnabazus, ix. 281, 318, 321 seq.;
  • rebuilds the Long Walls of Athens, ix. 322;
  • large plans of, ix. 325;
  • sent as envoy to Tiribazus, ix. 359;
  • arrest of, ix. 361;
  • long absence of, from Athens, x. 108 n. 2.
• Kopaïs, lake of, i. 132.
• Korkyra and the Argonauts, i. 243;
  • early inhabitants of, iii. 402;
  • relations of, with Corinth, iii. 403 seq.;
  • relations of, with Epirus, iii. 405;
  • and Corinth, joint settlements of, iii. 405 seq.;
  • commerce of, iii. 409;
  • and Corinth, disputes between, vi. 51 seq.;
  • application of the Epidamnian democracy to, vi. 52;
  • and Corinth, hostilities between, vi. 55, 63 seq.;
  • and Corinth, decision of the Athenians between, vi. 62;
  • oligarchical violence at, vi. 270 seq.;
  • vengeance of the victorious Demos at, B. C. 427, vi. 275 seq.;
  • Nikostratus and Alkidas at, vi. 282;
  • revolutions at, contrasted with those at Athens, vi. 283;
  • distress at, B. C. 425, vi. 313;
  • expedition of Eurymedon and Sophoklês to, vi. 313 seq., 357 seq.;
  • muster of the Athenian armament at, vii. 180;
  • Demosthenês’s voyage from, to Sicily, vii. 301;
  • renewed troubles at, viii. 118;
  • Lacedæmonian expedition against, x. 142 seq.;
  • expedition of Iphikrates to, x. 149 seq.;
  • Kleonymus and Agathokles in, [xii. 449].
• Korkyræan envoys, speech of, to the Athenian assembly, vi. 58 seq.;
  • captives return home from Corinth, vi. 266 seq.;
  • oligarchical fugitives at Istônê, vi. 278, 313, 357.
• Korkyræans, and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 66;
  • attack Epidamnus, vi. 53;
  • remonstrate with the Corinthians and Peloponnesians, vi. 54;
  • seek the alliance of Athens, vi. 56 seq.
• Korôbius and the foundation of Kyrênê, iv. 30.
• Korôneia, Athenian defeat at, v. 348;
  • Theban victory at, ix. 312 seq., 317.
• Korônis and Asklêpius, i. 178.
• Korynephori, iii. 35.
• Kôs, settlement of, ii. 30;
  • capture of, by Astyochus, vii. 397;
  • revolt of, from Athens, xi. 220 seq., 231.
• Kossæi, [xii. 248].
• Kottas, i. 5.
• Kottyphus, xi. 475, 479, 480.
• Kotyôra, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 126 seq.
• Kotys and Iphikrates, x. 106, 299, 369, 373;
  • and Athens, x. 228 seq., 372, 373;
  • and Timotheus, x. 301, 368;
  • and Miltokythes, x. 372;
  • capture of Sestos by, x. 373;
  • assassination of, x. 375.
• Kranaus, i. 196.
• Krannon, battle of, [xii. 321].
• Kraterus and Philôtas, [xii. 192] seq.;
  • and Antipater, [xii. 320] seq., [335];
  • death of, [xii. 336].
• Kratês, comedy of, viii. 328.
• Kratesippidas, viii. 128, 138.
• Kratinus, viii. 327, 332 n.
• Kreôn, king of Thêbes, i. 117, 276.
• Kreôn, archon at Athens, iii. 48.
• Kresphontês, ii. 2 seq., 331 n.
• Krêtan settlements on the Gulf of Tarentum, i. 330;
  • and Phrygian worship, iii. 215.
• Krêtans and Minôs, i. 229;
  • in the time of Homer, ii. 102;
  • and Xerxes, v. 66.
• Krête, migrations of Dorians to, ii. 30;
  • early Dorians in, ii. 310;
  • Periœki in, ii. 364 n. 3;
  • Phalækus in, xi. 433.
• Krêthêis and Pêleus, i. 114.
• Krêtheus, descendants of, i. 113.
• Kreüsa, i. 198, 204.
• Krimêsus, Timoleon’s victory over the Carthaginians at the, xi. 174 seq.
• Krios, i. 5, 6.
• Krissa, iv. 59 seq.
• Kritias and Sokratês, vii. 36 seq.;
  • return of, to Athens, viii. 233 seq.;
  • and Theramenês, viii. 237 seq., 245 seq.;
  • death of, viii. 290.
• Krius, iv. 325, 328.
• Krommyon, capture of, ix. 335;
  • recovery of, ix. 353.
• Kromnus, capture of Lacedæmonians at, x. 316 seq.
• Kronium, Dionysius at, xi. 41.
• Kronos, i. 5 seq., 8.
• Krotôn, foundation, territory, and colonies of, iii. 376 seq.;
  • fall of, iii. 392;
  • maximum power of, iii. 394;
  • citizens and government of, iii. 399;
  • and Pythagoras, iv. 401 seq.;
  • and Sybaris, iv. 413 seq.;
  • capture of, by Dionysius, xi. 22;
  • expedition from Syracuse to, [xii. 397].
• Krypteia, ii. 378.
• Kteatos and Eurytos, i. 141.
• Ktêsias and Herodotus on Cyrus, iv. 185;
  • on Darius, iv. 264.
• Ktesiphon, xi. 371, [xii. 286] seq.
• Kunaxa, battle of, ix. 42 seq.
• Kurêtes, ceremonies of, i. 31.
• Kyaxarês, iii. 231, 254.
• Kydonta, vi. 203.
• Kyknus, i. 294.
• Kylôn the Athenian, attempted usurpation of, iii. 81 seq.
• Kylôn of Krotôn, iv. 409.
• Kyllyrii at Syracuse, v. 206.
• Kymæans and Pactyas, iv. 201.
• Kymê, iii. 190;
  • Alkibiadês at, viii. 153.
• Kynegeirus, iv. 350.
• Kynossêma, battle of, viii. 109 seq.
• Kynurians, ii. 303;
  • in Argolis, ii. 451.
• Kypselus, iii. 40;
  • fall of the dynasty of, iii. 43.
• Kyrênê, foundation of, iv. 29 seq.;
  • situation, fertility and prosperity of, iv. 31 seq.;
  • and the Libyans, iv. 35 seq., 42 seq.;
  • second migration of Greeks to, iv. 41;
  • and Egypt, iv. 42;
  • reform of, by Demônax, iv. 43;
  • Periœki at, iv. 45;
  • third immigration to, iv. 46;
  • submission of, to Kambysês, iv. 220;
  • history of, from about B. C. 450 to 306, [xii. 428] seq.;
  • Ophellas, viceroy of, [xii. 431] seq.
• Kythera, capture of, by the Athenians, vi. 365 seq.
• Kytinium, occupation of, by Philip, xi. 498.
• Kyzikus and the Argonauts, i. 234;
  • revolt of, from Athens, viii. 112;
  • siege of, by Mindarus, viii. 120;
  • battle of, viii. 121.

• L.
• Labdalum, vii. 248, 269.
• Lacedæmonian envoys to Persia, B. C. 430, vi. 181;
  • embassy to Athens about the prisoners in Sphakteria, vi. 325 seq.;
  • reinforcement to Brasidas in Chalkidikê, vi. 449;
  • envoys at the congress at Corinth, B. C. 421, vii. 15;
  • envoys at Athens, about Panaktum and Pylus, vii. 29;
  • embassy to Athens, against the alliance of Athens with Argos, vii. 44 seq.;
  • army, vii. 79, 81 n. 2;
  • assembly, speech of Alkibiadês in, vii. 237 seq.;
  • fleet under Agesandridas, viii. 66, 71;
  • fleet victory of, near Eretria, viii. 72 seq.;
  • mora, destruction of a, by Iphikrates, ix. 350 seq.;
  • auxiliaries to the Phokians at Thermopylæ, xi. 419, 421.
• Lacedæmonians and Cyrus the Great, iv. 199;
  • attack of, upon Polykratês, iv. 243;
  • and Themistoklês, v. 149, 278, 280;
  • and Mardonius’s offer of peace to the Athenians, v. 151 seq.;
  • invoke the aid of their allies against the Helots, v. 316;
  • dismiss their Athenian auxiliaries against the Helots, v. 317 seq.;
  • expedition of, into Bœotia, B. C. 458, v. 327 seq.;
  • victory of, at Tanagra, v. 328;
  • proceedings of, on Phormio’s victory over the Peloponnesian fleet near Rhium, vi. 202;
  • proceedings of, for the recovery of Pylus, vi. 319, 320 seq.;
  • occupation of Sphakteria by, vi. 320, 347;
  • blockade of, in Sphakteria, vi. 324 seq., 333 seq., 342 seq.;
  • offers of peace from, after the capture of Sphakteria, vi. 353;
  • assassination of Helots by, vi. 368 seq.;
  • and the Peace of Nikias, vii. 3;
  • liberate the Arcadian subjects of Mantinea, and plant Helots at Lepreum, vii. 21;
  • exclusion of, from the Olympic festival, vii. 57 seq.;
  • detachment of, to reinforce Epidaurus, B. C. 419, vii. 70;
  • and their allies, invasions of Argos by, vii. 71 seq., 102;
  • Gylippus sent to Syracuse by, vii. 242;
  • fortification of Dekeleia by, vii. 288, 354;
  • and the Four Hundred, viii. 65;
  • recapture of Pylus by, viii. 131;
  • defeat of, at Arginusæ, viii. 173 seq.;
  • repayment of, by the Athenians, after the restoration of the democracy, B. C. 403, viii. 305;
  • assassination of Alkibiadês demanded by, viii. 313;
  • the Cyreians under, ix. 170, 174, 208, 217, 318;
  • and Dorieus, ix. 271 seq.;
  • and Corinthians, conflicts between, B. C. 393, ix. 326 seq.;
  • victory of, within the Long Walls of Corinth, ix. 333 seq.;
  • and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 56;
  • seizure of the Kadmeia at Thebes by, x. 60 seq.;
  • trial and execution of Ismenias by, x. 64;
  • their surrender of the Kadmeia at Thebes, x. 88 seq.;
  • defeat of, at Tegyra, x. 134;
  • expulsion of, from Bœotia, B. C. 374, x. 135;
  • at Kromnus, x. 316 seq.;
  • at Mantinea, B. C. 362, x. 329, 335, 338, 340 seq.;
  • and Alexander, [xii. 13].
• Lachês, expedition to Sicily under, vii. 132.
• Lachesis, i. 7.
• Laconia, genealogy of, i. 168;
  • population of, ii. 362;
  • gradual conquest of, ii. 417;
  • modern, ii. 418 n. 3, 454 n.;
  • invasions of, by Epaminondas, x. 215 seq., 330 seq.;
  • western, abstraction of, from Sparta, x. 226 seq.
• Ladê, combined Ionic fleet at, iv. 300 seq.;
  • victory of Persian fleet at, iv. 304.
• Laius and Œdipus, i. 265.
• Lakes and marshes of Greece, ii. 219.
• Lamachus, vii. 148, 190 seq., 256.
• Lamia, Antipater at, [xii. 315] seq.
• Lamian war, [xii. 315] seq., [334].
• Lampsakus, revolt of, viii. 94;
  • recovery of, by Strombichidês, viii. 96.
• Language, Greek, dialects of, ii. 239.
• Lanikê, [xii. 208].
• Laocoôn, i. 303.
• Laomedôn, i. 57, 285.
• Laphystios, Zeus, i. 127.
• Laphystius and Timoleon, xi. 192.
• Larissa, Asiatic, iii. 191 n. 1, 192.
• Lash, use of, by Xerxes, v. 24, 31.
• Lasthenes and Euthykrates, xi. 351, 352.
• Latin, Oscan, and Greek languages, iii. 354.
• Latium, emigration from Arcadia to, iii. 351 n. 3;
  • plunder of, by Dionysius, xi. 25.
• Latins, Œnotrians and Epirots, relationship of, iii. 351.
• Latona and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.
• Laurium, mines of, v. 55 seq.
• Laws, authority of, in historical Athens, ii. 81;
  • of Solon, iii. 131 seq.;
  • of Zaleukus, iii. 382;
  • and psephisms, distinction between, v. 373;
  • enactment and repeal of, at Athens, v. 373 seq.
• Layard’s “Nineveh and its Remains”, iii. 305.
• Learchus and Eryxô, iv. 43.
• Lebedos, revolt of, from Athens, vii. 383.
• Lechæum, capture of, by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 345 n. 1, 348.
• Leda, and Tyndareus, i. 168 seq.
• Legend of Dêmêtêr, i. 39 seq.;
  • of the Delphian oracle, i. 45;
  • of Pandôra, i. 75 n. 4, 76;
  • of Io, i. 84 seq.;
  • of Hêraklês, i. 93 seq.;
  • Argonatic, i. 234 n. 3, 245 seq., 255 seq.;
  • of Troy, i. 289 seq.;
  • of the Minyæ from Lemnos, ii. 27;
  • and history, Grecian, blank between, ii. 31 seq.
• Legendary Greece, social state of, ii. 57-118;
  • poems of Greece, value of, ii. 55 seq.
• Legends, mystic, i. 32 seq.;
  • of Apollo, i. 45 seq.;
  • of Greece, originally isolated, afterwards thrown into series, i. 105;
  • of Mêdea and Jasôn, i. 118 n.;
  • change of feeling with regard to, i. 186;
  • Attic, i. 191;
  • ancient, deeply rooted in the faith of the Greeks, i. 217, 348;
  • of Thebes, i. 256 seq.;
  • divine, allegorized, heroic historicized, i. 424;
  • of saints, i. 469 seq.;
  • of Asia Minor, iii. 227.
• Lekythus, capture of, by Brasidas, vi. 425.
• Leleges, ii. 264.
• Lelex, i. 172.
• Lemnos and the Argonauts, i. 233;
  • early condition of, iv. 28;
  • conquest of, by Otanês, iv. 278;
  • Miltiadês at, iv. 279 seq.
• Lending houses, iii. 162.
• Leokrates, xi. 504.
• Leon and Diomedon, vii. 385 seq.; viii. 28.
• Leon the Spartan, viii. 20, 94.
• Leon, mission of, to Persia, x. 278, 280.
• Leonidas at Thermopylæ, v. 76 seq., 89 seq.
• Leonnatus, [xii. 317], [321].
• Leontiades, the oligarchy under, x. 29 n.;
  • conspiracy of, x. 58 seq.;
  • at Sparta, x. 62;
  • Thebes under, x. 79, 80;
  • conspiracy against, x. 81 seq.;
  • death of, x. 86.
• Leontini, iii. 364;
  • intestine dissention at, vii. 140;
  • Demos at, apply to Athens, vii. 142, 143;
  • Dionysius at, B. C. 396, x. 442, 468, 492;
  • the mercenaries of Dionysius at, xi. 2;
  • Philistus at, xi. 99;
  • Dion at, xi. 106, 108, 109;
  • Hiketas at, xi. 160, 170;
  • surrender of, to Timoleon, xi. 182.
• Leosthenes the admiral, x. 370.
• Leosthenes the general, [xii. 311], [313] seq.
• Leotychides the Prokleid, ii. 430;
  • chosen king of Sparta, iv. 326;
  • and Æginetan hostages, iv. 328, v. 46;
  • at Mykalê, v. 193;
  • banishment of, v. 259.
• Leotychides, son of Agis II., ix. 242, 244.
• Lepreum and Elis, ii. 440, vii. 18;
  • Brasidean Helots at, vii. 21.
• Leptines, brother of Dionysius, x. 489, 491, 495, xi. 13, 33, 42.
• Leptines the Athenian, xi. 272.
• Leptines, general of Agathokles, [xii. 434], [441].
• Lesbians, their application to Sparta, vi. 76.
• Lesbos, early history of, iii. 193 seq.;
  • autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2;
  • Athenian kleruchs in, vi. 257;
  • application from, to Agis, vii. 365;
  • expedition of the Chians against, vii. 382 seq.;
  • Thrasyllus at, viii. 102;
  • Kallikratidas in, viii. 166;
  • Thrasybulus in, ix. 166;
  • Memnon in, [xii. 105];
  • recovery of, by Macedonian admirals, [xii. 141].
• Lethe, i. 7.
• Letô, i. 6, 10.
• Leukas, iii. 404 seq.
• Leukon of Bosporus, [xii. 481].
• Leukothea, the temple of, i. 242.
• Leuktra, the battle of, x. 176 seq.;
  • treatment of Spartans defeated at, x. 192 seq.;
  • extension of Theban power after the battle of, x. 193;
  • proceedings in Peloponnesus after the battle of, x. 198, 242;
  • position of Sparta after the battle of, x. 201;
  • proceedings in Arcadia after the battle of, x. 204 seq.;
  • proceedings and views of Epaminondas after the battle of, x. 213 seq.
• Libya, first voyages of Greeks to, iv. 29;
  • nomads of, iv. 38 seq.;
  • expedition of Kambyses against, iv. 220.
• Libyans and Greeks at Kyrênê, iv. 39 seq.;
  • and Dionysius, x. 510.
• Liby-Phœnicians, x. 332.
• Lichas and bones of Orestes, ii. 447;
  • and the Olympic festival, iv. 72 n. 2, vii. 53 n., 59;
  • mission of to Milêtus, vii. 397, 398, viii. 98.
• Lilybæum, defeat of Dionysius near, xi. 45.
• Limos, i. 7, 10, n. 6.
• Lion, the Nemean, i. 7.
• Lissus, foundation of, xi. 24.
• Livy, his opinion as to the chances of Alexander, if he had attacked the Romans, [xii. 260];
  • on the character of Alexander, [xii. 265 n. 3].
• Lixus and Tingis, iii. 273 n. 1.
• Loans on interest, iii. 109, 159.
• Localities, epical, i. 245.
• Lochages, Spartan, ii. 459.
• Lochus, Spartan, ii. 458 seq.;
  • Macedonian, [xii. 60].
• Logographers and ancient mythes, i. 377, 390 seq.
• Lokri, Epizephrian, early history of, iii. 379 seq.;
  • and Dionysius, x. 476, xi. 17, 21, 23;
  • Dionysius the Younger at, xi. 105, 132 seq.
• Lokrian coast opposite Eubœa, Athenian ravage of, vi. 136.
• Lokrians, ii. 287;
  • Ozolian, ii. 290;
  • Italian, iii. 380 seq., iv. 172 n.;
  • of Opus and Leonidas, v. 76;
  • and Phokians, xi. 251, 253;
  • of Amphissa, xi. 469.
• Lokris and Athens, v. 331.
• Long Walls at Megara, v. 324;
  • at Athens, v. 325 seq., 327, 331, vi. 20, viii. 231, ix. 328 seq.;
  • at Corinth, ix. 340 seq.
• Lucanians, xi. 9 seq., 132.
• Lucretius and ancient mythes, i. 430 n.
• Lydia, early history of, iii. 220 seq.
• Lydian music and instruments, iii. 212, 219;
  • monarchy, iii. 262, iv. 191 seq.
• Lydians, iii. 215 seq., 219, iv. 198.
• Lykæus, Zeus, i. 174.
• Lykambes and Archilochus, iv. 81.
• Lykaôn and his fifty sons, i. 173 seq.
• Lykia, conquest of, by Alexander, [xii. 99].
• Lykidas, the Athenian senator, v. 155.
• Lykomedes, x. 259 seq., 281, 288.
• Lykophrôn, son of Periander, iii. 42.
• Lykophrôn, despot of Pheræ, xi. 261, 292, 294.
• Lykurgus the Spartan, laws and discipline of, ii. 337-349, 381-421.
• Lykurgus the Athenian, [xii. 278], [378].
• Lykus, i. 204; and Dirkê, i. 263.
• Lynkeus and Idas, i. 172.
• Lyre, Hermes the inventor of, i. 59.
• Lyric poetry, Greek, ii. 136, iv. 73, 93.
• Lysander, appointments of, as admiral, viii. 138 n., 212;
  • character and influence of, viii. 139, ix. 309;
  • and Cyrus the Younger, viii. 140 seq., 214, 215;
  • factions organized by, in the Asiatic cities, viii. 143;
  • at Ephesus, viii. 152, 212;
  • victory of, at Notium, viii. 153;
  • superseded by Kallikratidas, viii. 162;
  • revolution at Milêtus by the partisans of, viii. 213;
  • operations of, after the battle of Arginusæ, viii. 215 seq.;
  • victory of, at Ægospotami, viii. 217 seq.;
  • proceedings of, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 222;
  • at Athens, viii. 226 seq., 237;
  • conquest of Samos by, viii. 238;
  • triumphant return of, to Sparta, viii. 238;
  • ascendency and arrogance of, after the capture of Athens, viii. 261, ix. 204, 236 seq.;
  • opposition to, at Sparta, viii. 262, ix. 204;
  • contrasted with Kallikratidas, viii. 263;
  • expedition of, against Thrasybulus, viii. 274;
  • dekarchies established by, ix. 184 seq., 197;
  • contrasted with Brasidas, ix. 195;
  • recall and temporary expatriation of, ix. 205;
  • introduction of gold and silver to Sparta by, ix. 230 seq.;
  • intrigues of, to make himself king, ix. 237, 239 seq., 300;
  • and Agesilaus, ix. 242 seq., 257, 260 seq.;
  • and the Bœotian war, ix. 292, 295;
  • death of, ix. 296.
• Lysias, seizure of, by the Thirty at Athens, viii. 248;
  • speech of, against Phormisius’s disfranchising proposition, viii. 294;
  • proposed citizenship of, viii. 309;
  • oration of, against Ergoklês, ix. 367;
  • oration of, at Olympia, B. C. 384, x. 73 seq.;
  • panegyrical oration of, xi. 29 seq., 35 n.
• Lysikles, vi. 232.
• Lysikles, general at Chæoroneia, xi. 502.
• Lysimachus, confederacy of, with Kassander, Ptolemy, and Seleukus, against Antigonus, [xii. 367], [372], [383];
  • Kassander, Ptolemy, and Seleukus, pacification of, with Antigonus, [xii. 371];
  • and Amastris, [xii. 468];
  • and Arsinoê, [xii. 469] seq.;
  • death of, [xii. 470];
  • and the Pentapolis on the south-west coast of the Euxine, [xii. 472].

• M.
• Macedonia, Mardonius in, iv. 313;
  • Perdikkas and Brasidas in, vi. 449, 453 seq.;
  • increasing power of, from B. C. 414, x. 44;
  • and Athens, contrasted, x. 47;
  • kings of, after Archelaus, x. 48;
  • state of, B. C. 370, x. 248, 249;
  • Iphikrates in, x. 250 seq.;
  • Timotheus in, x. 300;
  • government of, xi. 210 seq.;
  • military condition of, under Philip, xi. 282 seq., [xii. 55] seq.;
  • and conquered Greece, [xii. 1], [52];
  • and the Greeks, on Alexander’s accession, [xii. 9];
  • Antipater, viceroy of, [xii. 67], [68];
  • and Sparta, war between, [xii. 281] seq.;
  • Grecian confederacy against, after Alexander’s death, [xii. 313] seq.;
  • Kassander in, [xii. 366];
  • Demetrius Poliorketes acquires the crown of, [xii. 389].
• Macedonian dynasty, iv. 12, 13;
  • envoys at Athens, xi. 387, 390, 398;
  • phalanx, xi. 501, [xii. 59] seq., [251];
  • interventions in Greece, B. C. 336-335, [xii. 16] seq.;
  • pike, [xii. 57], [101] seq.;
  • troops, [xii. 61] seq.;
  • officers of Alexander’s army in Asia, [xii. 72];
  • fleet, master of the Ægean, [xii. 141];
  • soldiers of Alexander, mutiny of, [xii. 242] seq.
• Macedonians, ii. 233, iv. 1 n., 8 seq.;
  • conquered by Megabazus, iv. 276;
  • poverty and rudeness of, xi. 283;
  • military aptitude of, [xii. 67];
  • small loss of, at the battle of the Granikus, [xii. 86].
• Machaôn and Podaleirius, i. 180.
• Mæandrius, iv. 245 seq.
• Mæonians and Lydians, iii. 219.
• Magians, massacre of, after the assassination of Smerdis, iv. 225.
• Magistrates of early Athens, v. 352 seq.;
  • Athenian, from the time of Periklês, v. 355, 357, 366 seq.
• Magna Græcia, iii. 399.
• Magnesia, iii. 179, 192; Xerxes’s fleet near, v. 84 seq.;
  • on the Pagasæan Gulf, xi. 304 n. 3.
• Magnetes, Thessalian and Asiatic, ii. 285.
• Magon, off Katana, x. 495;
  • near Abakæna, xi. 6;
  • at Agyrium, xi. 7;
  • death of, xi. 41.
• Magon and Hiketas, xi. 156 seq.;
  • death of, xi. 171.
• Maia and Zeus, offspring of, i. 10.
• Makrônes and the Ten Thousand, ix. 112.
• Malians, ii. 282.
• Malli, [xii. 234].
• Mallus, Alexander at, [xii. 114].
• Mamerkus and Timoleon, xi. 180 seq.
• Manetho and the Sothiac period, iii. 339 seq.
• Mania, sub-satrap of Æolis, ix. 214 seq.
• Mantinea and Tegea, ii. 442 seq., vi. 452, vii. 14;
  • and Sparta, ii. 444, vii. 20, 94, x. 35 seq.;
  • and Argos, vii. 19;
  • congress at, vii. 81 seq.;
  • battle of, B. C. 418, vii. 81 seq.;
  • expedition of Agesipolis to, x. 36 seq.;
  • and the river Ophis, x. 36 n. 2;
  • re-establishment of, x. 205 seq.;
  • march of Agesilaus against, x. 211 seq.;
  • muster of Peloponnesian enemies to Thebes at, x. 329;
  • attempted surprise of, by the cavalry of Epaminondas, x. 332 seq.;
  • battle of, B. C. 362, x. 335 seq., 357;
  • peace concluded after the battle of, x. 350.
• Mantineans and the Pan-Arcadian union, x. 322 seq.;
  • opposition of to Theban intervention, x. 326.
• Mantinico-Tegeatic plain, x. 338.
• Mantitheus and Aphepsion, vii. 200 seq.
• Mantô, iii. 184.
• Marakanda, Alexander at, [xii. 204], [207] seq.
• Marathon, battle of, iv. 342-360.
• Marathus surrenders to Alexander, [xii. 130].
• Mardi and Alexander, [xii. 178], [188].
• Mardonius, in Ionia, iv. 313;
  • in Thrace and Macedonia, iv. 315;
  • fleet of, destroyed near Mount Athos, iv. 314;
  • urges Xerxes to invade Greece, v. 3 seq., 7;
  • advice of, to Xerxes after the battle of Salamis, v. 138;
  • forces left with, in Thessaly, v. 141;
  • and Medizing Greeks, after Xerxes’s retreat, v. 148;
  • in Bœotia, v. 149, 158 seq.;
  • offers of peace to Athens by, v. 150 seq., 154;
  • at Athens, v. 154;
  • and his Phokiôn contingent, v. 161;
  • on the Asôpus, v. 167;
  • at Platæa, v. 169 seq.
• Marine, military, unfavorable to oligarchy, iii. 31.
• Maritime and inland cities contrasted, ii. 225.
• Marpessa and Idas, i. 172.
• Marriage in legendary Greece, ii. 83;
  • among the Spartans, ii. 386;
  • among the Hindoos, iii. 141 n. 2.
• Marshes and lakes of Greece, ii. 219.
• Marsyas, iii. 213, 213 n. 1.
• Masistes, v. 199.
• Masistius, v. 164.
• Maskames, v. 295.
• Massagetæ, iii. 245.
• Massalia, iii. 280, 348, 400 seq., [xii. 453] seq.
• Mausôlus and the Social War, xi. 222.
• Mazæus at Thapsakus, [xii. 150];
  • at the battle of Arbela, [xii. 164], [165];
  • surrender of Babylon by, [xii. 168];
  • appointed satrap of Babylon by Alexander, [xii. 169].
• Mazares, iv. 200 seq.
• Medea and the Argonauts, i. 237 seq.
• Medes, early history of, iii. 224 seq.;
  • and Persians, iv. 183, 224 seq.
• Media, the wall of, iii. 304 n. 2, ix. 63, 65 n.;
  • Darius a fugitive in, [xii. 178], [180].
• Medius, [xii. 254].
• Medus, i. 205 n. 4, 242.
• Medusa, i. 7, 90.
• Megabates, iv. 283, 284.
• Megabazus, iv. 275, 276.
• Megabyzus, v. 333.
• Megaklês, iii. 37 n., 38, 82.
• Megalêpolis, capture of, by Agathokles, [xii. 414].
• Megalopolis, foundation of, ii. 448, x. 224 seq., 233 n. 6;
  • the centre of the Pan-Arcadian confederacy, x. 232;
  • disputes at, x. 358;
  • and Sparta, xi. 198, 263, 290, 300 seq.
• Megapenthes and Perseus, i. 90.
• Megara, early history of, iii. 2, 44 seq.;
  • Corinth and Sikyôn, analogy of, iii. 47;
  • and Athens, iii. 90 seq., v. 321, 348, 351 n., 352, vi. 76, 370 seq.;
  • Long Walls at, v. 322;
  • Brasidas at, vi. 375 seq.;
  • revolution at, vi. 378 seq.;
  • Philippizing faction at, xi. 449.
• Megara in Sicily, iii. 365, v. 215.
• Megarian Sicily, iii. 365.
• Megarians under Pausanias, and Persian cavalry under Masistius, v. 164;
  • repudiate the peace of Nikias, vi. 493, vii. 2;
  • refuse to join Argos, vii. 16;
  • recovery of Nisea by, viii. 131.
• Megarid, Athenian ravage of, in the Peloponnesian war, vi. 137.
• Meidias of Skepsis, ix. 213 seq.
• Meidias the Athenian, xi. 343, 343 n. 2.
• Meilaniôn and Atalanta, i. 149.
• Meilichios, meaning of, ix. 171 n.
• Melampus, i. 33, 109, 398, v. 89.
• Melannippus and Tydeus, i. 274, 279.
• Melanthus, ii. 23.
• Meleager, legend of, i. 143 seq.
• Meleagrides, i. 145.
• Melesippus, vi. 126.
• Melian nymphs, i. 5.
• Melissus, vi. 28, viii. 341, 343.
• Melkarth, temple of, iii. 269.
• Melon, x. 81 seq., 88.
• Melos, settlement of, ii. 28;
  • expedition against, under Nikias, vi. 295;
  • capture of, vii. 109 seq.;
  • Antisthenês at, vii. 396.
• Memnôn, son of Tithônus, i. 298.
• Memnôn the Rhodian, operations of, between Alexander’s accession and landing in Asia, [xii. 49], [77];
  • and Mentor, xii., 75;
  • advice of, on Alexander’s landing in Asia, [xii. 78];
  • made commander-in-chief of the Persians, [xii. 92];
  • at Halikarnassus, [xii. 95] seq.;
  • his progress with the Persian fleet, and death, [xii. 105] seq.;
  • change in the plan of Darius after his death, [xii. 107], [109].
• Memphis, Alexander at, [xii. 146].
• Men, races of, in “Works and Days”, i. 64 seq.
• Mende, and Athens, vi. 441 seq.
• Menedæus, and the Ambrakiots, vi. 305 seq.
• Menekleidas and Epaminondas, x. 268, 305 seq.
• Menekles, viii. 203.
• Menelaus, i. 162 seq., iii. 269 n. 4.
• Menestheus, i. 312, ii. 22.
• Menœkeus, i. 274.
• Menœtius, i. 6, 8.
• Menon the Thessalian, ix. 30, 71.
• Menon the Athenian, x. 373.
• Mentor the Rhodian, xi. 439 seq., [xii. 75].
• Mercenary soldiers, multiplication of, in Greece after the Peloponnesian war, xi. 281 seq.
• Mermnads, Lydian dynasty of, iii. 221.
• Meroe, connection of, with Egyptian institutions, iii. 313.
• Messapians, iii. 391;
  • and Tarentines, [xii. 394].
• Messene, foundation of, ii. 422, iii. 366;
  • foundation of, by Epaminondas, x. 225, 233 n. 6, 261;
  • and Sparta, x. 290, 350, xi. 198, 263, 290.
• Messene, in Sicily, chorus sent to Rhegium from, iv. 53 n.;
  • re-colonization of, by Anaxilaus, v. 213;
  • Laches at, vii. 134;
  • Athenian fleet near, vii. 136;
  • Alkibiades at, vii. 193;
  • Nikias at, vii. 223;
  • and Dionysius, x. 474 seq., xi. 3;
  • Imilkon at, x. 492 seq.;
  • and Timoleon, xi. 158.
• Messenia, Dorian settlements in, ii. 8, 311.
• Messenian genealogy, i. 172; wars, ii. 421-438;
  • victor proclaimed at Olympia, B. C. 368, x. 262.
• Messenians and Spartans, early proceedings of, ii. 328;
  • expelled by Sparta, ix. 229, xi. 3;
  • plan of Epaminondas for the restoration of, x. 214.
• Messenians in Sicily, defeated by Naxians and Sikels, vii. 135.
• Metaneira, i. 38.
• Metapontium, iii. 386.
• Methana, Athenian Garrion at, vi. 451.
• Methône, iv. 23;
  • Philip at, xi. 260.
• Methône in Peloponnesus, Athenian assault upon, vi. 134.
• Methymna, vi. 222, 225;
  • Kallikratidas at, viii. 164.
• Metics, and the Thirty at Athens, viii. 247.
• Metis and Zeus, daughter of, i. 9.
• Metrodorus, i. 419, 444 n.
• Metropolis, relation of a Grecian, to its colonies, vi. 60 n.
• Midas, iii. 209, 217.
• Middle ages, monarchy in, iii. 8 seq.
• Mikythus, v. 230, 231, 238.
• Milesian colonies in the Troad, i. 339.
• Milesians and Lichas, viii. 98;
  • and Kallikratidas, viii. 164.
• Miletus, early history of, iii. 176 seq.;
  • and Alyattês, iii. 255 seq.;
  • and Crœsus, iii. 258;
  • sieges of, by the Persians, iv. 290, 305;
  • Histiæus of, iv. 273 seq., 277, 280, 284, 298 seq.;
  • Phrynichus’s tragedy on the capture of, iv. 309;
  • exiles from, at Zanklê, v. 211 seq.;
  • and Samos, dispute between, vi. 26;
  • revolt of, from Athens, vii. 375, 385, 387 seq.;
  • Tissaphernes at, vii. 376, 399;
  • Lichas at, vii. 399;
  • Peloponnesian fleet at, viii. 25, 94, 95 seq., 99;
  • revolution at, by the partisans of Lysander, viii. 213;
  • capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 92] seq.
• Military array of legendary and historical Greece, ii. 106 seq.;
  • divisions not distinct from civil in any Grecian cities but Sparta, ii. 456;
  • force of early oligarchies, iii. 31;
  • order, Egyptian, iii. 316;
  • arrangements, Kleisthenean, iv. 136.
• Miltas, xi. 88.
• Miltiades the First, iv. 117.
• Miltiades the Second, iv. 119;
  • and the bridge over the Danube, iv. 271, 274 n. 2;
  • his retirement from the Chersonese, iv. 274;
  • capture of Lemnos and Imbros by, iv. 278;
  • escape of, from Persian pursuit, iv. 307;
  • adventures and character of, iv. 334 seq.;
  • elected general, 490 B. C., iv. 341;
  • and the battle of Marathon, iv. 343 seq.;
  • expedition of, against Paros, iv. 363;
  • disgrace, punishment, and death of, iv. 365 seq.
• Milto, ix. 47.
• Miltokythes, x. 372, 378.
• Milton on the early series of British kings, i. 484;
  • his treatment of British fabulous history, i. 487.
• Mimnermus, iv. 82.
• Mindarus, supersedes Astyochus, viii. 98;
  • deceived by Tissaphernês, viii. 99;
  • removal of, from Milêtus to Chios, viii. 181;
  • eludes Thrasyllus and reaches the Hellespont, viii. 102, 103 n.;
  • at the Hellespont, viii. 109;
  • Peloponnesian fleet summoned from Eubœa by, viii. 111;
  • siege of Kyzikus by, viii. 121;
  • death of, viii. 121.
• Mineral productions of Greece, ii. 229.
• Minôa, capture of, by Nikias, vi. 285.
• Minôs, i. 219 seq.
• Minôtaur, the, i. 220 seq.
• Minyæ, i. 130, ii. 26 seq.
• Minyas, i. 128 seq.
• Miraculous legends, varied interpretation of, i. 472 n. 2.
• Mistake of ascribing to an unrecording age the historical sense of modern times, i. 432.
• Mitford, his view of the anti-monarchical sentiment of Greece, iii. 12 seq.
• Mithridates the Persian, ix. 87 seq.
• Mithridates of Pontus, [xii. 463].
• Mithrines, [xii. 90], [207].
• Mitylenæan envoys, speech of, to the Peloponnesians at Olympia, vi. 226 seq.;
  • prisoners sent to Athens by Pachês, vi. 243, 255.
• Mityleneans at Sigeium, i. 339.
• Mitylênê, iii. 193; political dissensions and poets of, iii. 198;
  • revolt of, from Athens, vi. 221 seq.;
  • blockade of, by Pachês, vi. 237 seq.;
  • and the Athenian assembly, vi. 244, 246 seq.;
  • loss and recovery of, by Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 383, 384;
  • Kallikratidas at, viii. 167 seq.;
  • removal of Kallikratidas from, viii. 170;
  • Eteonikus at, viii. 170, 174, 189;
  • blockade of, by Memnon, [xii. 105];
  • surrender of, by Chares, [xii. 142].
• Mnassippus, expedition of, to Korkyra, x. 142 seq.
• Mnêmosynê, i. 5, 10.
• Mnesiphilus, v. 122.
• Mœræ, and Crœsus, iv. 194 seq.
• Mœris, lake of, iii. 322 n. 1.
• Molionids, the, i. 140.
• Molossian kingdom of Epirus, [xii. 395].
• Molossians, iii. 413 seq.
• Molossus, i. 189.
• Mômus, i. 7.
• Monarchy, in mediæval and modern Europe, iii. 8 seq.;
  • aversion to, in Greece, after the expulsion of Hippias, iv. 176.
• Money, coined, not known to Homeric or Hesiodic Greeks, ii. 116;
  • coined, first introduction of, into Greece, ii. 320.
• Money-lending at Florence in the middle ages, iii. 109 n.;
  • and the Jewish law, iii. 111 n.;
  • and ancient philosophers, iii. 113.
• Money-standard, Solon’s debasement of, iii. 100;
  • honestly maintained at Athens after Solon, iii. 114.
• Monsters, offspring of the gods, i. 11.
• Monstrous natures associated with the gods, i. 1.
• Monts de Piété, iii. 162.
• Monuments of the Argonautic expedition, i. 241 seq.
• Moon, eclipse of, B. C. 413, vii. 315;
  • eclipse of, B. C. 331, [xii. 151].
• Mopsus, iii. 184.
• Mora, Spartan, ii. 458 seq.;
  • destruction of a Spartan, by Iphikrates, ix. 351 seq.
• Moral and social feeling in legendary Greece, ii. 79.
• Moralizing Greek poets, iv. 91 seq.
• Mosynæki, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 128.
• Mothakes, ii. 418.
• Motyê, capture of, by Dionysius, x. 485 seq.;
  • recapture of, by Imilkon, x. 490.
• Motyum, Duketius at, vii. 123.
• Mountainous systems of Greece, ii. 212 seq.
• Müller on Sparta as the Dorian type, ii. 342.
• Multitude, sentiment of a, compared with that of individuals, ix. 279.
• Munychia and Peiræus, Themistoklês’ wall round, v. 249;
  • Menyllus in, [xii. 326], [339];
  • Nikanor in, [xii. 339], [345].
• Muse, inspiration and authority of the, i. 355.
• Muses, the, i. 10.
• Music, ethical effect of old Grecian, ii. 433;
  • Greek, improvements in, about the middle of the seventh century B. C., iv. 77;
  • comprehensive meaning of, among the ancient Greeks, viii. 349.
• Musical modes of the Greeks, iii. 212.
• Musicians, Greek, in the seventh century B. C., iv. 76 n.
• Μῦθος, i. 356, 432 n., 458.
• Mutilated Grecian captives at Persepolis, [xii. 173].
• Mutilation of dead bodies in legendary and historical Greece, ii. 92;
  • of Bessus, [xii. 206].
• Mutiny at Athens immediately before Solon’s legislation, iii. 93.
• Mygdonia, iii. 210.
• Mykalê, Pan-Ionic festival at, iii. 177;
  • the battle of, v. 191 seq.
• Mykalêssus, massacre at, vii. 357 seq.
• Myknæ, i. 90 seq.
• Myriandrus, Alexander’s march from Kilikia to, [xii. 114];
  • Alexander’s return from, [xii. 117].
• Myrkinus, iv. 273, 296.
• Myrmidons, origin of, i. 184.
• Myrôn, iii. 32.
• Myrônidês, v. 323, 331.
• Myrtilus, i. 159.
• Mysia, the Ten Thousand Greeks in, ix. 172 seq.
• Mysians, iii. 196, 205 seq., 209.
• Mysteries, principal Pan-Hellenic, i. 28, 38, 41, 43, v. 209 n.;
  • and mythes, i. 496.
• Mystic legends, connection of, with Egypt, i. 32;
  • legends, contrast of, with Homeric hymns, i. 34;
  • brotherhoods, iii. 87.
• Mythe of Pandôra and Prometheus, now used in “Works and Days”, i. 71;
  • meaning of the word, i. 356.
• Mythes, how to be told, i. 2;
  • Hesiodic, traceable to Krête and Delphi, i. 15;
  • Grecian, origin of, i. 4, 52, 61 seq., 340 seq.;
  • of the gods, discrepancies in, i. 53 n., 54;
  • contain gods, heroes and men, i. 64;
  • formed the entire mental stock of the early Greeks, i. 340, 359;
  • difficulty of regarding them in the same light as the ancients did, i. 341;
  • Grecian, adapted to the personifying and patriotic tendencies of the Greeks, i. 344 seq.;
  • Grecian, beauty of, i. 351;
  • Grecian, how to understand properly, i. 351 seq.;
  • how regarded by superior men in the age of Thucydides, i. 375;
  • accommodated to a more advanced age, i. 376 seq.;
  • treatment of, by poets and logographers, i. 377 seq.;
  • treatment of, by historians, i. 391 seq.;
  • historicised, i. 409 seq.;
  • treatment of, by philosophers, i. 418 seq.;
  • allegorized, i. 419 seq.;
  • semi-historical interpretation of, i. 433;
  • allegorical theory of, i. 436;
  • connection of, with mysteries, i, 436;
  • supposed ancient meaning of, i. 438;
  • Plato on, i. 441 seq., 420;
  • recapitulation of remarks on, i. 450 seq.;
  • familiarity of the Greeks with, i. 456 seq.;
  • bearing of, on Grecian art, i. 459 seq.;
  • German, i. 363;
  • Grecian, proper treatment of, i. 487 seq.;
  • Asiatic, iii. 221.
• Mythical world, opening of, i. 1;
  • sentiment in “Works and Days”, i. 68 seq.;
  • geography, i. 246 seq.;
  • faith in the Homeric age, i. 357;
  • genealogies, i. 445 seq.;
  • age, gods and men undistinguishable in, i. 449;
  • events, relics of, i. 457;
  • account of the alliance between the Hêrakleids and Dorians, ii. 2;
  • races of Greece, ii. 19.
• Mythology, Grecian, sources of our information on, i. 106;
  • German, Celtic, and Grecian, i. 462, 463;
  • Grecian, how it would have been affected by the introduction of Christianity, B. C. 500, i. 467.
• Mythopæic faculty, stimulus to, i. 351;
  • age, the, i. 361;
  • tendencies, by what causes enfeebled, i. 361 seq.;
  • tendencies in modern Europe, i. 469 seq.
• Myûs, iii. 172.

• N.
• Napoleon, analogy between his relation to the confederation of the Rhine, and that of Alexander to the Greeks, [xii. 51].
• Nature, first regarded as impersonal, i. 368.
• Naukraries, iii. 52, 65.
• Naukratis, iii. 327, 335 seq.
• Naupaktus, origin of the name, ii. 3;
  • Pharmio’s victory near, vi. 206 seq.;
  • Eurylochus’s attack upon, vi. 301;
  • Demosthenês at, vi. 301;
  • naval battle at, B. C. 413, vii. 358 seq.
• Nausinikus, census in the archonship of, x. 115 seq.
• Naval attack, Athenian, vi. 63.
• Naxians and Sikels, defeat of Messenians by, vii. 135.
• Naxos, early power of, iii. 165;
  • expedition of Aristagoras against, iv. 282 seq.;
  • Datis at, iv. 330;
  • revolt and reconquest of, v. 307.
• Naxos in Sicily, iii. 363, vii. 193, x. 468.
• Nearchus, voyages of, [xii. 233], [235], [237], [238].
• Nebuchadnezzar, iii. 333.
• Necklaces of Eriphylê and Helen, i. 287 seq.
• Nectanebus, xi. 440.
• Negative side of Grecian philosophy, viii. 345.
• Neileus, or Nêleus, i. 109, ii. 24, iii. 173.
• Nekôs, iii. 329 seq.
• Nektanebis, x. 362, 366.
• Nêleids down to Kodrus, i. 111.
• Nêleus and Pelias, i. 107 seq.
• Nemean lion, the, i. 7;
  • games, ii. 461, iv. 65 seq.
• Nemesis, i. 7.
• Neobulê and Archilochus, iv. 81.
• Neon the Cyreian, ix. 136 seq., 147.
• Neon the Corinthian, xi. 156 seq.
• Neoptolemus, son of Achilles, i. 188, 300, 305.
• Neoptolemus the actor, xi. 373.
• Nephelê, i. 123 seq.
• Nereas, i. 7.
• Nereids, i. 7.
• Nessus, the centaur, i. 150.
• Nestor, i. 110.
• Niebelungen Lied, i. 479.
• Nikæa on the Hydaspes, [xii. 229], [233].
• Nikanor, [xii. 339], [354] seq.
• Nikias, at Minôa, vi. 285;
  • position and character of, vi. 285 seq.;
  • and Kleon, vi. 287 seq., 457 seq.;
  • at Mêlos, vi. 295;
  • in the Corinthian territory, vi. 355 seq.;
  • at Mendê and Skiônê, vi. 441 seq.;
  • peace of, vi. 490 seq. vii. 1 seq.;
  • and the Spartans taken at Sphakteria, vii. 6 seq.;
  • embassy of, to Sparta, vii. 44;
  • and Alkibiadês, vii. 104 seq., viii. 158;
  • appointed commander of the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 148;
  • speeches and influence of, on the Sicilian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 148 seq., 155, 159;
  • his plan of action in Sicily, vii. 191;
  • dilatory proceedings of, in Sicily, vii. 219, 225, 258 seq.;
  • stratagem of, for approaching Syracuse, vii. 221;
  • at the battle near the Olympeion at Syracuse, vii. 220;
  • measures of, after his victory near the Olympeion at Syracuse, vii. 223;
  • at Messênê in Sicily, vii. 223;
  • forbearance of the Athenians towards, vii. 225 seq.;
  • at Katana, vii. 234;
  • in Sicily in the spring of B. C. 414, vii. 243;
  • his neglect in not preventing Gylippus’s approach to Sicily and Syracuse, vii. 263 seq., 266 seq.;
  • fortification of Cape Plenimyrium by, vii. 270;
  • at Epipolæ, vii. 272;
  • despatch of, to Athens for reinforcements, vii. 275 seq., 281 seq.;
  • opposition of, to Demosthenês’s proposals for leaving Syracuse, vii. 308 seq.;
  • consent of, to retreat from Syracuse, vii. 313;
  • exhortations of, before the final defeat of the Athenians in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 321 seq.;
  • and Demosthenês, resolution of, after the final defeat in the harbor of Syracuse, vii. 330;
  • exhortations of, to the Athenians on their retreat from Syracuse, vii. 333 seq.;
  • and his division, surrender of, to Gylippus, vii. 343 seq., 347 n. 2;
  • and Demosthenês, treatment of, by their Syracusan conquerors, vii. 346;
  • disgrace of, at Athens after his death, vii. 348;
  • opinion of Thucydidês about, vii. 349;
  • opinion and mistake of the Athenians about, vii. 351 seq.
• Nikodromus, v. 47.
• Nikoklês, x. 26.
• Nikomachus the Athenian, viii. 307 seq.
• Nikomachus the Macedonian, [xii. 191], [194].
• Nikostratus, vi. 271 seq., 440 seq.
• Nikoteles, x. 466.
• Nile, the, iii. 309.
• Nineveh, or Ninus, siege of, iii. 233;
  • capture of, iii. 255;
  • and Babylon, iii. 290;
  • site of, iii. 294 n. 2;
  • and its remains, iii. 305.
• Nine Ways, nine defeats of the Athenians at the, x. 302 n. 1.
• Ninon and Kylon, iv. 409.
• Niobê, i. 158.
• Nisæa, alleged capture of, by Peisistratus, iii. 154 n.;
  • connected with Megara by “Long Walls”, v. 324;
  • surrender of, to the Athenians, vi. 375 seq.;
  • recovery of, by the Megarians, viii. 131.
• Nisus, i. 205, 221.
• Nobles, Athenian, early violence of, iv. 152.
• Nomads, Libyan, iv. 35 seq.
• Nomios Apollo, i. 61.
• Nomophylakes, v. 371.
• Nomothetæ, iii. 123, 125, v. 372, viii. 296.
• Non-Amphiktyonic races, ii. 270.
• Non-Hellenic practices, ii. 256.
• Non-Olympiads, ii. 435.
• Notium, iii. 183;
  • Pachês at, vi. 242;
  • recolonized from Athens, vi. 243;
  • battle of, viii. 153.
• Notus, i. 6.
• Numidia, Agathokles and the Carthaginians in, [xii. 427].
• Nymphæum, xi. 264, n. 1, [xii. 480].
• Nymphs, i. 5, 7.
• Nypsius, xi. 107, 109, 111.
• Nyx, i. 4, 6.

• O.
• Oarus, fortresses near, iv. 266.
• Oath of mutual harmony at Athens, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 225.
• Obæ ar Obês, ii. 361.
• Ocean, ancient belief about, iii. 286 n.
• Oceanic nymphs, i. 6.
• Oceanus, i. 5, 6, 8.
• Ochus, x. 367, xi. 437 seq., [xii. 75] seq.
• Odeon, building of, vi. 31.
• Odes at festivals in honor of gods, i. 52.
• Odin and other gods degraded into men, i. 466.
• Odrysian kings, vi. 215 seq.
• Odysseus, i. 290;
  • and Palamêdês, i. 294;
  • and Ajax, i. 299;
  • steals away the Palladium, i. 302;
  • return of, from Troy, i. 309;
  • final adventures and death of, i. 314 seq.;
  • at the agora in the second book of the Iliad, ii. 70 seq.
• Odyssey and Iliad, date, structure, authorship and character of, ii. 118-209.
• Œchalia, capture of, i. 151.
• Œdipus, i. 265 seq.
• Œneus and his offspring, i. 143 seq.
• Œnoê, vi. 127, viii. 83, ix. 353.
• Œnomaus and Pelops, i. 158.
• Œnônê, i. 301 n. 3.
• Œnophyta, Athenian victory at, v. 331.
• Œnotria, iii. 350 seq.
• Œnotrians, iii. 351, 375, 393.
• Œta, path over Mount, v. 78.
• Œtæi, ii. 213.
• Office, admissibility of Athenians citizens to, iv. 113.
• Ogygês, i. 194.
• Okypetê, i. 7.
• Olbia, [xii. 474] seq.
• Oligarchical government, change from monarchical to, in Greece, iii. 15 seq.;
  • party at Athens, v. 365, viii. 235 seq., 300 seq.;
  • Greeks, corruption of, vii. 401;
  • conspiracy at Samos, viii. 6 seq., 26 seq.;
  • conspiracy at Athens, viii. 15, 31 seq.;
  • exiles, return of, to Athens, viii. 232.
• Oligarchies in Greece, iii. 17, 29, 30, 31.
• Oligarchy, conflict of, with despotism, iii. 28;
  • vote of the Athenian assembly in favor of, viii. 14;
  • establishment of, in Athenian allied cities, viii. 34;
  • of the Four Hundred, viii. 36 seq., 45 seq., viii. 75, 88 seq.
• Olive trees, sacred, near Athens, iii. 135 n. 2, vi. 267 n. 3.
• Olpæ, Demosthenes’s victory at, vi. 303 seq.
• Olympia, Agesipolis, and the oracle at, ix. 356;
  • Lysias at, x. 73 seq.;
  • panegyrical oration of Isokrates at, x. 77;
  • occupation of, by the Arcadians, x. 315, 322;
  • topography of, x. 319 n. 2;
  • plunder of, by the Arcadians, x. 322 seq.
• Olympias, xi. 262, 512, 516, 519;
  • and Antipater, [xii. 68], [254], [256 n. 2];
  • intrigues of, after Alexander’s death, [xii. 333];
  • return of, from Epirus to Macedonia, [xii. 340] seq., [366];
  • death of, [xii. 366];
  • Epirus governed by, [xii. 395 n. 2].
• Olympic games, and Aëthlius, i. 100;
  • origin of, i. 140;
  • presidency of, ii. 10, 317 seq.;
  • nature and importance of, ii. 241, 242;
  • the early point of union between Spartans, Messenians, and Eleians, ii. 334;
  • and the Delian festival, iv. 54;
  • celebrity, history and duration of, iv. 55 seq.;
  • interference of, with the defence of Thermopylæ, v. 77;
  • and the Karneia, v. 77 n.;
  • conversation of Xerxes on, v. 113;
  • of the 90th Olympiad, vii. 52 seq.;
  • celebration of, by the Arcadians and Pisatans, x. 318 seq.;
  • legation of Dionysius to, xi. 28 seq.
• Olympieion near Syracuse, battle of, vii. 219 seq.
• Olympus, ii. 211.
• Olympus, the Phrygian, iii. 213 n., iv. 75.
• Olynthiac, the earliest, of Demosthenês, xi. 327 seq.;
  • the second, of Demosthenês, xi. 331 seq.;
  • the third, of Demosthenês, xi. 335 seq.
• Olynthiacs of Demosthenês, order of, xi. 358 seq.
• Olynthian confederacy, x. 50 seq., 68, 381, xi. 324;
  • war, xi. 325-363.
• Olynthus, iv. 24;
  • capture and re-population of, by Artabazus, v. 149;
  • increase of, by Perdikkas, vi. 69;
  • expedition of Eudamidas against, x. 58;
  • Teleutias at, x. 65 seq.;
  • Agesipolis at, x. 67;
  • submission of, to Sparta, x. 68;
  • alliance of, rejected by the Athenians, xi. 236;
  • alliance of, with Philip, xi. 236 seq.;
  • secedes from the alliance of Philip, and makes peace with Athens, xi. 319;
  • hostility of Philip to, xi. 320;
  • Philip’s half-brothers flee to, xi. 321;
  • intrigues of Philip in, xi. 321;
  • attack of Philip upon, xi. 325, 381;
  • alliance of, with Athens, xi. 326;
  • renewed application of, to Athens, against Philip, xi. 331;
  • assistance from Athens to, B. C. 350, xi. 334;
  • three expeditions from Athens to, B. C. 349-348, xi. 334 n., 349;
  • expedition of Athenians to, B. C. 349, xi. 346, 347;
  • capture of, by Philip, xi. 350 seq., 364, 365, 372.
• Oneirus, i. 7, ii. 185.
• Oneium, Mount, Epaminondas at, x. 254.
• Onesilus, iv. 292 seq.
• Onomakles, viii. 84 seq.
• Onamakritus, v. 3.
• Onomarchus, and the treasures in the temple at Delphi, xi. 255;
  • successes of, 256, 293;
  • at Chæroneia, xi. 257;
  • power of the Phokians under, xi. 261;
  • aid to Lykophron by, xi. 293;
  • death of, xi. 294.
• Ophellas, [xii. 428], [431] seq.
• Ophis, the, x. 36.
• Opici, iii. 353.
• Opis, Alexander’s voyage to, [xii. 243].
• Oracle at Delphi, legend of, i. 41;
  • and the Krêtans, i. 226 n. 2;
  • and the Battiad dynasty, iv. 43;
  • answers of, on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 60 seq.
• Oracles, consultation and authority of, among the Greeks, ii. 255;
  • in Bœotia consulted by Mardonius, v. 149.
• Orations, funeral, of Periklês, vi. 31, 144 seq.
• Orchomenians, i. 313.
• Orchomenus, ante-historical, i. 130 seq.;
  • and Thêbes, i. 135, v. 159 n. 4, x. 194.
• Orchomenus, early historical, ii. 273;
  • capitulation of, B. C. 418, vii. 75;
  • revolt of, from Thebes to Sparta, ix. 293;
  • and the Pan-Arcadian union, x. 209, 210;
  • destruction of, x. 311.
• Oreithyia, i. 199.
• Orestês, i. 163 seq.;
  • and Agamemnôn transferred to Sparta, i. 165.
• Orestês, bones of, ii. 447.
• Oreus, xi. 449, 452.
• Orgies, post-Homeric, i. 27.
• Orœtês, iv. 226, 245.
• Orontês the Persian nobleman, ix. 36, 40 n. 2.
• Orontês, the Persian satrap, x. 22, 24.
• Orôpus, vi. 383 n. 2, viii. 25, x. 286.
• Orphans in legendary and historical Greece, ii. 91.
• Orpheotelestæ, iii. 87.
• Orpheus, i. 21, 22.
• Orphic Theogony, i. 16 seq.;
  • egg, i. 18;
  • life, the, i. 23;
  • brotherhood, i. 34.
• Orsines, [xii. 237].
• Orthagoridæ, iii. 33 seq.
• Orthros, i. 7.
• Ortygês, iii. 187.
• Ortygia, iii. 363;
  • fortification and occupation of, by Dionysius, x. 458 seq.;
  • Dionysius besieged in, x. 462 seq.;
  • blockade of, by Dion, xi. 95, 98, 114;
  • sallies of Nypsius from, xi. 107, 109, 111;
  • Dion’s entry into, xi. 117;
  • surrender of, to Timoleon, xi. 150 seq.;
  • advantage of, to Timoleon, xi. 155;
  • siege of, by Hiketas and Magon, xi. 156 seq.;
  • Timoleon’s demolition of the Dionysian works in, xi. 165;
  • Timoleon erects courts of justice in, xi. 165.
• Oscan, Latin and Greek languages, iii. 354.
• Oscans, iii. 353.
• Ossa and Pelion, ii. 214.
• Ostracism, similarity of, to Solon’s condemnation of neutrality in sedition, iii. 145, 147 seq., vii. 108 seq.;
  • of Hyperbolus, iv. 151, vii. 101 seq.;
  • of Kimon, v. 366;
  • of Thucydidês, son of Melêsias, vi. 19;
  • projected contention of, between Nikias and Alkibiadês, vii. 106 seq.;
  • at Syracuse, vii. 122.
• Otanês, iv. 223, 249 seq., 277.
• Othryadês, ii. 449.
• Othrys, ii. 213 seq.
• Otos and Ephialtês, i. 136.
• Ovid at Tomi, [xii. 474 n.]
• Oxus crossed by Alexander, [xii. 201].
• Oxylus, i. 153, ii. 4, 9.
• Oxythemis Korônæus, ii. 332 n. 2.

• P.
• Pachês, at Mitylênê, vi. 226, 237 seq.;
  • at Notium, vi. 242;
  • pursues the fleet of Alkidas to Patmos, vi. 241;
  • sends Mitylenæan prisoners to Athens, vi. 243;
  • crimes and death of, vi. 258.
• Pæonians, iv. 15;
  • conquest of, by Megabazus, iv. 276;
  • victory of Philip over, xi. 214.
• Pagasæ, conquest of, by Philip, xi. 295;
  • importance of the Gulf of, to Philip, xi. 303.
• Pagondas, vi. 384 seq.
• Paktyas, the Lydian, iv. 200 seq.
• Palæmon and Inô, i. 124.
• Palæphatus, his treatment of mythes, i. 415 seq.
• Palamêdês, i. 294.
• Palikê, foundation of, vii. 123.
• Palladium, capture of, i. 302.
• Pallakopas, [xii. 250].
• Pallas, i. 6, 8.
• Pallas, son of Pandiôn, i. 205.
• Pallênê, i. 318, iv. 24.
• Palus Mæotis, tribes east of, iii. 242.
• Pammenes, expedition of, to Megalopolis, x. 359, xi. 257, 299.
• Pamphyli, Hylleis, and Dymanes, ii. 360.
• Pamphylia, conquest of, by Alexander, [xii. 99].
• Panaktum, vii. 24, 29.
• Pan-Arcadian Ten Thousand, x. 232, 322.
• Pan-Arcadian union, x. 208 seq., 321 seq.
• Pandiôn, i. 196.
• Pandiôn, son of Phineus, i. 199.
• Pandiôn II., i. 204.
• Pandôra, i. 71, 76 seq.
• Pan-Hellenic proceeding, the earliest approach to, iv. 50;
  • feeling, growth of, between B. C. 776-560, iv. 51;
  • character of the four great games, iv. 67;
  • congress at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 57 seq.;
  • patriotism of the Athenians on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 62;
  • union under Sparta after the repulse of Xerxes, v. 260;
  • schemes and sentiment of Periklês, vi. 18;
  • pretences of Alexander, [xii. 51].
• Pan-Ionic festival and Amphiktyony in Asia, iii. 177.
• Panoptês, Argos, i. 84.
• Pantaleôn, ii. 434.
• Pantikapæum, [xii. 479] seq., [487].
• Pantitês, story of, v. 94 n. 1.
• Paphlagonia, submission of, to Alexander, [xii. 111].
• Paphlagonians, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 144.
• Paragraphê, viii. 299.
• Parali, at Samos, viii. 29.
• Paralus, arrival of, at Athens from Samos, viii. 30.
• Paranomôn, Graphê, v. 375 seq., viii. 36.
• Parasang, length of, ix. 14 n. 3.
• Paris, i. 286 seq., 301.
• Parisades I., [xii. 482].
• Parmenidês, viii. 343, 344 n.
• Parmenio, embassy of, from Philip to Athens, xi. 386, 388, 389, 398, 401;
  • operations of, in Asia Minor against Memnon, [xii. 49];
  • debate of, with Alexander at Milêtus, [xii. 92];
  • captures Damascus, [xii. 128];
  • at the battle of Arbela, [xii. 158], [159], [164], [165];
  • invested with the chief command at Ekbatana, [xii. 181];
  • family of, [xii. 190];
  • alleged conspiracy and assassination of, [xii. 196] seq.
• Paropamisadæ, subjugation of, by Alexander, [xii. 200].
• Paros, Theramenês at, viii. 118.
• Partheniæ, iii. 387.
• Parthenon, vi. 21, 22;
  • records of offerings in, xi. 249 n., 252 n. 3.
• Parthia, Darius pursued by Alexander into, [xii. 182] seq.
• Partition of lands ascribed to Lykurgus, ii. 380, 393 seq., 401 seq.;
  • proposed by Agis, iii. 399, 401.
• Parysatis, wife of Darius Nothus, ix. 61, 72.
• Parysatis, daughter of Darius Nothus, [xii. 241].
• Pasimêlus, ix. 331 seq.
• Pasion, and Xenias, ix. 28.
• Pasiphaë and the Minôtaur, i. 220.
• Pasippidas, banishment of, viii. 128.
• Patizeithês, conspiracy of, iv. 223.
• Patrokleidês, amnesty proposed by, viii. 224.
• Patroklus, treatment of, in the Iliad, ii. 177.
• Patronymic names of demes, iii. 63 n. 2.
• Patrôus Apollo, i. 50.
• Pattala, [xii. 235 n. 4].
• Pausanias, the historian, on the Achæans, i. 104;
  • his view of mythes, i. 414;
  • his history of the Bœotians between the siege of Troy and the Return of the Hêrakleids, ii. 16;
  • his account of the Messenian wars, ii. 425 seq., 428 seq.;
  • on Iphikrates at Corinth, B. C. 369, x. 238 n.
• Pausanias, the Spartan regent, at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 165;
  • at Platæa, v. 168 seq., 177 seq.;
  • misconduct of, after the battle of Platæa, v. 178 seq., 181;
  • conduct of, after losing the command of the Greeks, v. 269;
  • detection and death of, v. 272 seq.;
  • and Themistoklês, v. 273, 282.
• Pausanias the Spartan king, and Lysander, viii. 262;
  • his expedition to Attica, viii. 275 seq.;
  • his attack upon Peiræus, viii. 276;
  • his pacification between the Ten at Athens and the exiles at Peiræus, viii. 277 seq.;
  • in Bœotia, ix. 295 seq.;
  • condemnation of, ix. 297 seq.;
  • and the democratical leaders of Mantinea, x. 37.
• Pausanias the Macedonian, x. 249, xi. 515 seq.
• Pedaritus, vii. 399, 391, viii. 19.
• Pedieis, iii. 93.
• Pedigrees, mythical, connect gentes, i. 193.
• Pegasus, i. 4, 122.
• Peiræum, Athenian victory near, vii. 369;
  • defeat of the Athenian fleet near, vii. 381;
  • capture of, by Agesilaus, ix. 343, 345 seq.;
  • recovery of, by Iphikrates, ix. 353.
• Peiræus, fortification of, by Themistoklês, v. 249 seq.;
  • and Athens, Long Walls between, v. 324 seq., viii. 229, ix. 333 seq.;
  • improvements at, under Periklês, vi. 20;
  • departure of the armament for Sicily from, vii. 181;
  • walls built at, by the Four Hundred, viii. 63;
  • approach of the Lacedæmonian fleet under Agesandridas to, viii. 66, 71;
  • Thrasybulus at, viii. 272 seq.;
  • king Pausanias’s attack upon, viii. 276;
  • attack of Teleutias on, ix. 377 seq.;
  • attempt of Sphodrias to surprise, x. 98 seq.;
  • seizure of, by Nikanor, [xii. 346].
• Peisander, and the mutilation of the Hermæ, vii. 200;
  • and the conspiracy of the Four Hundred, viii. 8, 12, 13 seq., 21, 26, 33 seq.;
  • statements respecting, viii. 32 n.;
  • punishment of, viii. 88.
• Peisander, the Lacedæmonian admiral, ix. 274, 283.
• Peisistratids, and Thucydidês iv. 112 n. 2;
  • fall of the dynasty of, iv. 122;
  • with Xerxes in Athens, v. 115 seq.
• Peisistratus, iii. 153 seq., iv. 102 seq., 117.
• Peithias, the Korkyræan, vi. 268 seq.
• Pelasgi, ii. 261 seq.;
  • in Italy, iii. 351;
  • of Lemnos and Imbros, iv. 277.
• Pelasgikon, oracle about the, vi. 129 n. 2.
• Pelasgus, i. 173.
• Pêleus, i. 114, 187 seq.
• Pelias, i. 108 seq., 114 seq.
• Pelion and Ossa, ii. 214.
• Pella, embassies from Grecian states at, B. C. 346, xi. 404 seq.;
  • under Philip, [xii. 66].
• Pellênê, i. 318;
  • and Phlius, x. 271.
• Pelopidas, escape of, to Athens, x. 61;
  • conspiracy of, against the philo-Laconian rulers at Thebes, x. 81 seq.;
  • slaughter of Leontiades by, x. 86;
  • and Epaminondas, x. 121;
  • victory of, at Tegyra, x. 134;
  • in Thessaly, x. 249, 263, 283 seq., 303, 307 seq.;
  • and Philip, x. 249 n. 2, 264;
  • and Alexander of Pheræ, x. 282 seq.;
  • death of, x. 308.
• Pelopidas, i. 153 seq., 160.
• Peloponnesian war, its injurious effects upon the Athenian empire, vi. 46;
  • war, commencement of, vi. 103-153;
  • fleet, Phormio’s victories over, vi. 196 seq., 203 seq.;
  • war, agreement of the Peloponnesian confederacy at the commencement of, vii. 19 n.;
  • allies, synod of, at Corinth, B. C. 412, vii. 368;
  • fleet of under Theramenês, vii. 387 seq.;
  • fleet at Rhodes, vii. 400 seq., viii. 94;
  • fleet, return of, from Rhodes to Milêtus, viii. 25;
  • fleet discontent in, Milêtus, viii. 95, 97 seq.;
  • fleet, capture of, at Kyzikus, viii. 121;
  • fleet, pay of, by Cyrus, viii. 143;
  • confederacy, assembly of, at Sparta, B. C. 404, viii. 228;
  • confederacy, Athens at the head of, B. C. 371, x. 201;
  • allies of Sparta after the Peloponnesian war, xi. 280.
• Peloponnesians, immigrant, ii. 303;
  • conduct of, after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 106;
  • and Mardonius’s approach, v. 154 seq.;
  • and the fortification of Athens, v. 243 seq., 247;
  • five years’ truce of, with Athens, v. 334;
  • position and views of, in commencing the Peloponnesian war, vi. 94 seq., 113, 124 seq.;
  • invasions of Attica, by, under Archidamus, vi. 126 seq., 154;
  • slaughter of neutral prisoners by, vi. 182;
  • and Ambrakiots attack Akarnania, vi. 194 seq.;
  • application of revolted Mitylenæans to, vi. 226 seq.;
  • and Ætolians attack Naupaktus, vi. 301;
  • and Tissaphernês, vii. 387, 395 seq., viii. 4, 21 seq., 113 seq.;
  • defeat of, at Kynossêma, viii. 109 seq.;
  • at Abydos, viii. 117;
  • aid of Pharnabazus to, viii. 126;
  • letters of Philip to, xi. 492.
• Peloponnesus, eponym of, i. 154;
  • invasion and division of, by the Hêrakleids, ii. 4;
  • mythical tide of the Dorians to, ii. 6;
  • extension of Pindus through, ii. 212;
  • distribution of, about B. C. 450, ii. 299 seq.;
  • difference between the distribution, B. C. 450 and 776, ii. 302;
  • population of, which was believed to be indigenous, ii. 303;
  • southern inhabitants of, before the Dorian invasion, ii. 337;
  • events in, during the first twenty years of the Athenian hegemony, v. 315 seq.;
  • voyage of Tolmidês round, v. 331;
  • ravages of, by the Athenians, vi. 135, 164;
  • political relations in, B. C. 421, vii. 23;
  • expedition of Alkibiadês into the interior of, vii. 63;
  • expedition of Konon and Pharnabazus to, ix. 322;
  • circumnavigation of, by Timotheus, x. 132;
  • proceedings in, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 198, 242;
  • expedition of Epaminondas to, x. 215 seq., 254 seq., 266 seq., 328 seq.;
  • state of, B. C. 362, x. 313 seq.;
  • visits of Dion to, xi. 61;
  • disunion of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 199;
  • affairs of, B. C. 354-352, xi. 290 seq.;
  • war in, B. C. 352-351, xi. 299;
  • intervention of Philip in, after B. C. 346, xi. 443;
  • expedition of Philip to, xi. 511;
  • Kassander and Polysperchon in, [xii. 360], [365];
  • Kassander and Alexander, son of Polysperchon, in, [xii. 368], [369].
• Pelops, i. 154 seq.
• Pelusium, Alexander at, [xii. 146].
• Penal procedure at Athens, iv. 366 n.
• Penestæ, Thessalian, ii. 279 seq.
• Pentakosiomedimni, iii. 117.
• Pentapolis on the south-west coast of the Euxine, [xii. 458], [472].
• Pentekontêrs, Spartan, ii. 459.
• Pentekostys, i. 458.
• Penthesileia, ii. 209, 298.
• Pentheus and Agavê, i. 262 seq.
• Perdikkas I., iv. 17.
• Perdikkas II., relations and proceedings of, towards Athens, vi. 67 seq., 71, 141, 370, 448 seq., vii. 96, 104;
  • and Sitalkês, xi. 217, 220;
  • application of, to Sparta, vi. 398;
  • and Brasidas, relations between, vi. 369, 448, 450 seq.;
  • joins Sparta and Argos, vii. 96;
  • death of, x. 46.
• Perdikkas, brother of Philip, x. 300, 301, 370, 382, xi. 205 seq.
• Perdikkas, Alexander’s general, [xii. 256], [319], [333] seq., [337].
• Pergamum, i. 286 n. 5, 324.
• Pergamus, custom in the temple of Asklêpius at, i. 301 n. 4.
• Pergamus in Mysia, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 172 seq.
• Periander, the Corinthian despot, power and character of, iii. 41 seq.
• Perikles, difference between the democracy after, and the constitution of Kleisthenês, iv. 148;
  • effect of, on constitutional morality, iv. 163;
  • at the battle of Tanagra, v. 328;
  • expeditions of, to Sikyon and Akarnania, v. 332;
  • policy of, B. C. 450, v. 342;
  • reconquest of Eubœa by, v. 349;
  • and Ephialtês, constitution of dikasteries by, v. 355 seq.;
  • and Kimon, v. 362 seq.;
  • public life and character of, v. 362 seq.;
  • and Ephialtês, judicial reform of, v. 355 seq., 366 seq.;
  • real nature of the constitutional changes effected by, v. 367 seq.;
  • commencement of the ascendancy of, v. 370;
  • and Kimon, compromise between, v. 329, 371;
  • his conception of the relation between Athens and her allies, vi. 4;
  • and Athenian kleruchs by, vi. 10;
  • and Thucydidês, son of Melêsias, vi. 15 seq.;
  • Pan-Hellenic schemes and sentiment of, vi. 18;
  • city-improvements at Athens under, vi. 20 seq., 23 seq.;
  • sculpture at Athens under, vi. 22;
  • attempt of, to convene a Grecian congress at Athens, vi. 25;
  • Sophoklês, etc., Athenian armament under, vi. 27 seq.;
  • funeral orations of, vi. 31, 143 seq.;
  • demand of the Spartans for his banishment, vi. 97, 105;
  • indirect attacks of his political opponents upon, vi. 98 seq.;
  • his family relations, and connection with Aspasia, vi. 101, 102;
  • charge of peculation against, vi. 103 seq.;
  • stories of his having caused the Peloponnesian war, vi. 104 n.;
  • speech of, before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 107 seq.;
  • and the ravages of Attica by Archidamus, vi. 128 seq.;
  • last speech of, [xii. 165] seq.;
  • accusation and punishment of, vi. 168 seq.;
  • old age and death of, vi. 170 seq.;
  • life and character of, vi. 172 seq.;
  • new class of politicians at Athens after, vi. 171 seq.;
  • and Nikias compared, vi. 287.
• Perriklymenos, i. 112 seq.
• Perinthus, iv. 27;
  • and Athens, viii. 126, xi. 461;
  • siege of, by Philip, xi. 454, 458.
• Periœki, ii. 364 seq., 369, 371 n. 2;
  • Libyan, iv. 40, 42, 45.
• Pêrô, Bias and Melampus, i. 110 seq.
• Perseid dynasty, i. 91.
• Persephonê, i. 10;
  • mysteries of, v. 208 n. 2.
• Persepolis, Alexander’s march from Susa to, [xii. 170] seq.;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 172] seq., [237];
  • Alexander’s return from India to, [xii. 237].
• Persês, i. 6.
• Perseus, exploits of, i. 89 seq.
• Persia, application of Athens for alliance with, iv. 165;
  • state of, on the formation of the confederacy of Delos, v. 267;
  • treatment of Themistoklês in, v. 284 seq.;
  • operations of Athens and the Delian confederacy against, v. 303 seq.;
  • and Athens, treaty between, B. C. 450, v. 335 seq.;
  • Asiatic Greeks not tributary to, between B. C. 477-412, v. 337 n. 2;
  • surrender of the Asiatic Greeks by Sparta to, ix. 205;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 385 seq., x. 2 seq., 158;
  • applications of Sparta and Athens to, x. 5 seq.;
  • hostility of, to Sparta after the battle of Ægospotami, x. 8;
  • unavailing efforts of, to reconquer Egypt, x. 13;
  • and Evagoras, x. 20 seq.;
  • Spartan project against, for the rescue of the Asiatic Greeks, x. 44;
  • application of Thebes to, x. 277 seq.;
  • embassy from Athens to, B. C. 366, x. 293;
  • state of, B. C. 362, x. 360, 366;
  • alarm at Athens about, B. C. 354, xi. 285;
  • projected invasion of, by Philip, xi. 511 seq.;
  • correspondence of Demosthenes with, [xii. 20] seq.;
  • accumulation of royal treasures in, [xii. 175 n. 3];
  • roads in, [xii. 180 n.]
• Persian version of the legend of Io, i. 86;
  • noblemen, conspiracy of, against the false Smerdis, iv. 223 seq.;
  • empire, organization of, by Darius Hystaspês, iv. 233 seq.;
  • envoys to Macedonia, iv. 276;
  • armament against Cyprus, iv. 292;
  • force against Milêtus, iv. 299;
  • fleet at Ladê, iv. 304;
  • fleet and Asiatic Greeks, iv. 307;
  • armament under Datis, iv. 329 seq., 345;
  • fleet before the battle of Salamis, v. 85 seq., 99 seq., 113, 119, 125, 127 nn.;
  • army, march of, from Thermopylæ to Attica, v. 114 seq.;
  • fleet at Salamis, v. 130 seq.;
  • fleet after the battle of Salamis, v. 137, 147;
  • army under Mardonius, v. 154 seq.;
  • fleet at Mykalê, v. 191;
  • army at Mykalê, v. 193;
  • army, after the defeat at Mykalê, v. 198;
  • war effect of, upon Athenian political sentiment, v. 274;
  • kings, from Xerxes to Artaxerxes Mnemon, vi. 362 seq.;
  • cavalry, and the retreating Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 89 seq.;
  • empire, distribution of, into satrapies and subsatrapies, ix. 209;
  • preparations for maritime war against Sparta, B. C. 397, ix. 255, 268;
  • king, Thebans obtain money from, xi. 302;
  • forces in Phrygia on Alexander’s landing, [xii. 75], [78];
  • Gates, Alexander at, [xii. 171];
  • fleet and armies, hopes raised in Greece by, B. C. 334-331, [xii. 276].
• Persians, condition of, at the rise of Cyrus the Great, iv. 187;
  • conquests of, under Cyrus the Great, iv. 209, 216 seq.;
  • the first who visited Greece, iv. 257 seq.;
  • conquest of Thrace by, under Darius Hystaspês, iv. 273;
  • successes of, against the revolted coast of Asia Minor, iv. 289;
  • attempts of, to disunite the Ionians at Ladê, iv. 300;
  • narrow escape of Miltiadês from, iv. 307;
  • cruelties of, at Milêtus, iv. 308;
  • attempted revolt of Thasos from, iv. 314;
  • at Marathon, iv. 333, 345 seq.;
  • after the battle of Marathon, iv. 351, 352;
  • change of Grecian feeling towards, after the battle of Marathon, iv. 355;
  • their religious conception of history, v. 10;
  • at Thermopylæ, v. 83, 85 seq.;
  • in Psyttaleia, v. 128, 136;
  • at Salamis, v. 131 seq.;
  • at Platæa, v. 163 seq.;
  • at Mykalê, v. 197;
  • between Xerxes and Darius Codomannus, v. 241;
  • necessity of Grecian activity against, after the battles of Platæa and Mykalê, v. 296;
  • mutilation inflicted by, ix. 9;
  • heralds from, to the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 52;
  • impotence and timidity of, ix. 75;
  • imprudence of, in letting Alexander cross the Hellespont, [xii. 78];
  • defeat of, at the Granikus, [xii. 80] seq.;
  • defeat of, at Issus, [xii. 118] seq.;
  • incorporation of, in the Macedonian phalanx, [xii. 251].
• Persis, subjugation of, by Alexander, [xii. 177];
  • Alexander’s return from India to, [xii. 237].
• Personages, quasi-human, in Grecian mythology, i. 342 seq.
• Personal ascendency of the king in legendary Greece, ii. 61;
  • feeling towards the gods, the king, or individuals in legendary Greece, ii. 80 seq.;
  • sympathies the earliest form of social existence, ii. 84.
• Personalities, great predominance of, in Grecian legend, ii. 74.
• Personality of divine agents in mythes, i. 2.
• Personification, tendency of the ancient Greeks to, i. 342 seq.;
  • of the heavenly bodies by Boiocalus, the German chief, i. 345 n.
• Pestilence and suffering at Athens after the Kylonian massacre, iii. 84.
• Petalism at Syracuse, iv. 163, vii. 122.
• Peuke, [xii. 23], [25 n. 2].
• Peukestes, [xii. 234], [238].
• Pezetæri, [xii. 59].
• Phæax, expedition of, to Sicily, vii. 143.
• Phalækus succeeds to the command of the Phokians, xi. 301;
  • decline of the Phokians under, xi. 374, 418;
  • opposition to, in Phokis, xi. 375;
  • opposition of, to aid from Athens to Thermopylæ, xi. 376;
  • position of, at Thermopylæ, xi. 375, 418 seq.;
  • death of, xi. 434.
• Phalanthus, œkist of Tarentum, iii. 387 seq.
• Phalanx, Macedonian, xi. 501, [xii. 57] seq., [251].
• Phalaris, iv. 378, v. 204.
• Phalerium, Xerxes at, v. 118.
• Phalinus, ix. 52.
• Phanes, and Zeus, i. 18.
• Phanosthenes, viii. 159.
• Pharakidas, x. 504 seq.
• Pharax, ix. 270, 271 n. 3.
• Pharax the officer of Dionysius, xi. 115, 116, 133.
• Pharis, conquest of, ii. 420.
• Pharnabazus and Tissaphernês, embassy from, to Sparta, vii. 366;
  • and Derkyllidas, viii. 94;
  • and Athens, viii. 114, 125;
  • Athenian victory over, viii. 130;
  • convention of, about Chalkêdon, viii. 132;
  • and Alkibiades, viii. 133, 311 seq.;
  • and Greek envoys, viii. 135, 137;
  • after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 311;
  • and Anaxibius, ix. 154, 166;
  • and Lysander, ix. 204;
  • and the subsatrapy of Æolis, ix. 210 seq.;
  • and Agesilaus, ix. 269, 279 seq.;
  • and Konon, ix. 283, 322, 325 seq.;
  • and Abydos, ix. 324;
  • and the anti-Spartan allies at Corinth, ix. 327;
  • and the Syracusans, x. 386;
  • anti-Macedonian efforts of, [xii. 127];
  • capture of, with his force, at Chios, [xii. 142].
• Pharsalus, Polydamas of, x. 137 seq.;
  • and Halus, xi. 411.
• Phaselis, Alexander at, [xii. 100].
• Phayllus, xi. 293, 297 seq., 301.
• Pheidias, vi. 23, 102.
• Pheidôn the Temenid, ii. 314;
  • claims and projects of, as representative of Hêraklês, ii. 316;
  • and the Olympic games, ii. 316 seq.;
  • coinage and scale of, ii. 318 seq., 323 seq.;
  • various descriptions of, ii. 320.
• Pheidôn, one of the Thirty, viii. 271, 293.
• Phenicia, ante-Hellenic colonies from, to Greece not probable, ii. 262 seq.;
  • situation and cities of, iii. 267;
  • reconquest of, by Darius Nothus, xi. 438, 440 n. 3;
  • Alexander in, [xii. 130] seq., [150].
• Phenician version of the legend of Io, i. 86;
  • colonies, iii. 271 seq.;
  • fleet at Aspendus, viii. 99, 100, 114;
  • towns, surrender of, to Alexander, [xii. 130], [132].
• Phenicians in Homeric times, ii. 103 seq.;
  • historical, iii. 204, 289, 303, 308, 342 seq.;
  • and Persians, subjugation of Cyprus by, iv. 293;
  • and Persians at Milêtus, iv. 300 seq.;
  • and Persians, reconquest of Asiatic Greeks by, iv. 307;
  • and the cutting through Athos, v. 24;
  • and Greeks in Sicily, v. 207;
  • in Cyprus, x. 14 seq.
• Pheræ, Jason of, x. 138 seq., x. 147 n., 153, 189 seq., 195 seq.
• Pheræ, Alexander of, x. 248, xi. 202 seq.;
  • despots of, xi. 202 seq.;
  • Philip and the despots of, xi. 261, 292, 294 seq.;
  • Philip takes the oath of alliance with Athens at, xi. 417;
  • Alexander of, and Pelopidas, 256, 277 seq., 297, 301 seq.;
  • Alexander of, subdued by the Thebans, x. 309 seq.;
  • hostilities of Alexander of, against Athens, x. 369.
• Pherekydes, i. 390, iv. 390.
• Phretime, iv. 45 seq.
• Philæus, eponym of an Attic dême, i. 189.
• Philaidæ, origin of, i. 189.
• Philip of Macedon, detained as a hostage at Thebes, x. 249 n. 1, 263, xi. 207 seq.;
  • accession of, x. 382, xi. 212 seq.;
  • as subordinate governor in Macedonia, xi. 207, 208;
  • position of, on the death of Perdikkas, xi. 209;
  • capture of Amphipolis by, xi. 232 seq.;
  • his alliance with Olynthus and hostilities against Athens, xi. 236 seq.;
  • capture of Pydna and Potidæa by, xi. 237 seq.;
  • increased power of, B. C. 358-356, xi. 239;
  • marriage of, with Olympias, xi. 240;
  • intrigue of, with Kersobleptes against Athens, xi. 158;
  • his activity, and conquest of Methônê, xi. 259 seq.;
  • and the despots of Pheræ, xi. 261, 292 seq.;
  • development of Macedonian military force under, xi. 282 seq.;
  • and Onomarchus, xi. 293;
  • conquest of Pheræ and Pagasæ by, xi. 295;
  • checked at Thermopylæ by the Athenians, xi. 296;
  • power and attitude of, B. C. 352-351, xi. 322;
  • naval power and operations of, B. C. 351, xi. 297 seq.;
  • in Thrace, B. C. 351, xi. 301;
  • hostility of, to Olynthus, B. C. 351-350, xi. 320;
  • flight of his half-brothers to Olynthus, xi. 321;
  • intrigues of, in Olynthus, xi. 322;
  • destruction of the Olynthian confederacy by, xi. 324, 325, 331, 350 seq., 364;
  • Athenian expedition to Olynthus against, xi. 334;
  • intrigues of, in Eubœa, xi. 339;
  • and Athens, overtures for peace between, B. C. 348, xi. 369 seq.;
  • Thebans invoke the aid of, against the Phokians, xi. 375;
  • and Thermopylæ, xi. 377, 407, 410, 416, 421, 424;
  • embassies from Athens to, xi. 375 seq., 401 seq., 422;
  • envoys to Athens from, xi. 386, 387, 390, 398, 401;
  • synod of allies at Athens about, xi. 388;
  • peace and alliance between Athens, and, xi. 390 seq., 409, 429 seq., 442, 446 seq.;
  • fabrications of Æschines and Philokrates about, xi. 398, 408, 409, 412 seq.;
  • in Thrace, xi. 402, 404, 450 seq.;
  • letter of, taken by Æschines to Athens, xi. 410, 416;
  • surrender of Phokis to, xi. 421;
  • declared sympathy of, with the Thebans, B. C. 346, xi. 421;
  • visit of Æschines to, in Phokis, xi. 423;
  • admitted into the Amphiktyonic assembly, xi. 425;
  • ascendancy of, B. C. 346, xi. 428 seq.;
  • named president of the Pythian festival, xi. 428;
  • position of, after the Sacred War, xi. 434;
  • letter of Isokrates to, xi. 436;
  • movements of, after B. C. 346, xi. 443 seq.;
  • warnings of Demosthenês against, after B. C. 346, xi. 444;
  • mission of Python from, to Athens, xi. 446;
  • and Athens, dispute between about Halonnesus, xi. 448 seq.;
  • and Kardia, xi. 450;
  • and Athens, disputes between, about the Bosporus and Hellespont, xi. 450;
  • at Perinthus and the Chersonese, xi. 454, 458 seq.;
  • and Athens, declaration of war between, xi. 454 seq.;
  • makes peace with Byzantium, Chios, and other islands, attacks the Scythians, and is defeated by the Triballi, xi. 461;
  • and the Amphissians, xi. 480 seq., 497;
  • re-fortification of Elateia by, xi. 482, 484 seq.;
  • application of, to Thebes for aid in attacking the Athenians, xi. 483 seq., 489;
  • alliance of Athens and Thebes against, xi. 490 seq., 593 seq.;
  • letters of, to the Peloponnesians for aid, xi. 492;
  • victory of, at Chæroneia, xi. 497 seq., 505;
  • military organization of, xi. 501, [xii. 56] seq.;
  • and the Athenians, peace of Demades between, xi. 507 seq.;
  • honorary votes at Athens in favor of, xi. 509;
  • expedition of, into Peloponnesus, xi. 510;
  • at the congress at Corinth, xi. 511;
  • preparations of, for the invasion of Persia, xi. 512;
  • repudiates Olympias, and marries Kleopatra, xi. 512;
  • and Alexander, dissensions between, xi. 513;
  • assassination of, xi. 514 seq., [xii. 6] seq.;
  • character of, xi. 519 seq.;
  • discord in the family of, [xii. 4];
  • military condition of Macedonia before, [xii. 55].
• Philip Aridæus, [xii. 319], [334].
• Philippi, foundation of, xi. 241.
• Philippics of Demosthenes, xi. 309 seq., 445, 451.
• Philippizing factions in Megara and Eubœa, xi. 448.
• Philippus, the Theban polemarch, x. 82, 85.
• Philippus, Alexander’s physician, [xii. 113].
• Philiskus, x. 261.
• Philistides, xi. 449, 452.
• Philistus, his treatment of mythes, i. 410;
  • banishment of, xi. 33;
  • recall of, xi. 67;
  • intrigues of, against Plato and Dion, xi. 76;
  • tries to intercept Dion in the Gulf of Tarentum, xi. 89;
  • at Leontini, xi. 99;
  • defeat and death of, xi. 100.
• Philokrates, motion of, to allow Philip to send envoys to Athens, xi. 371;
  • motion of, to send envoys to Philip, xi. 379;
  • motion of, for peace and alliance with Philip, xi. 390 seq., 416;
  • fabrications of, about Philip, xi. 398, 408, 409, 412;
  • impeachment and condemnation of, xi. 433.
• Philoktetes, i. 301, 310.
• Philolaus and Dioklês, ii. 297.
• Philomela, i. 196 seq.
• Philomelus, xi. 245;
  • seizes the temple at Delphi, xi. 248;
  • and Archidamus, xi. 247;
  • and the Pythia at Delphi, xi. 250;
  • successful battles of, with the Lokrians, xi. 251;
  • defeat and death of, xi. 255;
  • takes part of the treasures in the temple at Delphi, xi. 252.
• Philonomus and the Spartan Dorians, ii. 327.
• Philosophers, mythes allegorized by, i. 418 seq.
• Philosophy, Homeric and Hesiodic, i. 368;
  • Ionic, i. 372 n. 2;
  • ethical and social among the Greeks, iv. 76.
• Philotas, alleged conspiracy, and execution of, [xii. 190] seq., [197 n. 2].
• Philoxenus and Dionysius, xi. 26.
• Phineus, i. 199, 235.
• Phlegyæ, the, i. 128.
• Phlius, return of philo-Laconian exiles to, x. 42;
  • intervention of Sparta with, x. 70;
  • surrender of, to Agesilaus, x. 70 seq.;
  • application of, to Athens, x. 234 seq.;
  • fidelity of, to Sparta, x. 257, 270;
  • invasion of, by Euphron, x. 270;
  • and Pellênê, x. 271;
  • assistance of Chares to, x. 272;
  • and Thebes, x. 290 seq.
• Phœbe, i. 5, 6.
• Phœbidas, at Thebes, x. 58 seq., 62, 63, 128.
• Phœnissæ of Phrynichus, v. 138 n. 1.
• Phœnix, i. 257.
• Phôkæa, foundation of, iii. 188;
  • surrender of, to Harpagus, iv. 203;
  • Alkibiadês at, viii. 152.
• Phôkæan colonies at Atalia and Elea, iv. 206.
• Phôkæans, exploring voyages of, iii. 281;
  • effects of their exploring voyages upon Grecian knowledge and fancy, iii. 282;
  • emigration of, iv. 205 seq.
• Phokian defensive wall at Thermopylæ, ii. 283;
  • townships, ravage of, by Xerxes’s army, v. 114.
• Phokians, ii. 288;
  • application of Leonidas to, v. 76;
  • at Leuktra, x. 181, 182;
  • and the presidency of the temple at Delphi, xi. 245 seq.;
  • Thebans strive to form a confederacy against, xi. 251;
  • take the treasures of the temple at Delphi, xi. 252, 255, 297, 374;
  • war of, with the Lokrians, Thebans, and Thessalians, xi. 254;
  • under Onomarchus, xi. 261, 293;
  • under Phayllus, xi. 297 seq.;
  • under Phalækus, xi. 374, 418;
  • Thebans invoke the aid of Philip against, xi. 375;
  • application of, to Athens, xi. 376;
  • exclusion of, from the peace and alliance between Philip and Athens, xi. 396 seq., 411;
  • envoys from, to Philip, xi. 404, 406;
  • motion of Philokrates about, xi. 416;
  • at Thermopylæ, xi. 418 seq.;
  • treatment of, after their surrender to Philip, xi. 425 seq.;
  • restoration of, by the Thebans and Athenians, xi. 493.
• Phokion, first exploits of, x. 131;
  • character and policy of, xi. 273 seq., 308, [xii. 278], [311], [357] seq.;
  • in Eubœa, xi. 340 seq., 452;
  • at Megara, xi. 449;
  • in the Propontis, xi. 460;
  • and Alexander’s demand that the anti-Macedonian leaders at Athens should be surrendered, [xii. 46], [47];
  • and Demades, embassy of, to Antipater, [xii. 322];
  • at Athens under Antipater, [xii. 324];
  • and Nikanor, [xii. 339], 346 seq.;
  • and Alexander, son of Polysperchon, [xii. 348];
  • condemnation and death of, [xii. 349] seq.;
  • altered sentiment of the Athenians towards, after his death, [xii. 357].
• Phokis, acquisition of, by Athens, v. 331;
  • loss of, by Athens, v. 348;
  • invasion of, by the Thebans, B. C. 374, x. 136;
  • accusation of Thebes against, before the Amphiktyonic assembly, xi. 243;
  • resistance of, to the Amphiktyonic assembly, xi. 246 seq.;
  • Philip in, xi. 421, 482, 492 seq.
• Phôkus, i. 185.
• Phokylidês, iv. 92.
• Phorkys and Kêtô, progeny of, i. 7.
• Phormio at Potidæa, vi. 74;
  • at Amphilochian Argos, vi. 121;
  • at Naupaktus, vi. 180;
  • his victories over the Peloponnesian fleet, vi. 199 seq., 206 seq.;
  • in Akarnania, vi. 213;
  • his later history, vi. 277 n.
• Phormisius, disfranchising proposition of, viii. 294.
• Phorôneus, i. 82, 83.
• Phraortês, iii. 228.
• Phratries, iii. 52 seq., 63;
  • and gentes, non-members of, iii. 133.
• Phrikônis, iii. 192.
• Phrygia, Persian forces in, on Alexander’s landing, [xii. 75], [78];
  • submission of, to Alexander, [xii. 89].
• Phrygian influence on the religion of the Greeks, i. 26, 28;
  • music and worship, iii. 213 seq.
• Phrygians and Trojans, i. 335;
  • and Thracians, iii. 210, 213;
  • ethnical affinities and early distribution of, iii. 209 seq.
• Phrynichus the tragedian, his capture of Milêtus, iv. 309;
  • his Phœnissæ, v. 138, n. 1.
• Phrynichus the commander, at Milêtus, vii. 388;
  • and Amorgês, vii. 389 n. 1;
  • and Alkibiadês, viii. 10 seq.;
  • deposition of, viii. 15;
  • and the Four Hundred, viii. 11, 58 seq.;
  • assassination of, viii. 66, 85, n.;
  • decree respecting the memory of, viii. 85.
• Phrynon, xi. 370.
• Phryxus and Hellê, i. 123 seq.
• Phthiôtis and Deukalion, i. 96.
• Φύσις, first use of, in the sense of nature, i. 368.
• Phyê-Athênê, iv. 104.
• Phylarch, Athenian, ii. 461.
• Phylê, occupation of, by Thrasybulus, viii. 265.
• Phyllidas and the conspiracy against the philo-Laconian oligarchy at Thebes, x. 81 seq.
• Physical astronomy thought impious by ancient Greeks, i. 346 n.;
  • science, commencement of, among the Greeks, i. 368.
• Phytalids, their tale of Dêmêtêr, i. 44.
• Phyton, xi. 18 seq.
• Pierians, original seat of, iv. 14.
• Piété, Monts de, iii. 162.
• Πῖλοι of the Lacedæmonians in Sphakteria, vi. 344 n.
• Pinarus, Alexander and Darius on the, [xii. 118] seq.
• Pindar, his treatment of mythes, i. 378 seq.
• Pindus, ii. 211 seq.
• Piracy in early Greece, ii. 90, 113.
• Pisa and Ellis, relations of, ii. 439.
• Pisatans and the Olympic games, ii. 318, 434, ix. 228, x. 318 seq.;
  • and Eloians, ii. 434, 439.
• Pisatic sovereignty of Pelops, i. 157.
• Pisidia, conquest of, by Alexander, [xii. 99].
• Pissuthnes, vi. 26, 28, ix. 8.
• Pitane, iii. 190.
• Pittakus, power and merit of, iii. 198 seq.
• Plague at Athens, vi. 154 seq.;
  • revival of, vi. 293.
• Platæa, and Thebes, disputes between, iv. 166;
  • and Athens, first connection of, iv. 165;
  • battle of, v. 164 seq.;
  • revelation of the victory of, at Mykalê the same day, v. 194;
  • night-surprise of, by the Thebans, vi. 114 seq.;
  • siege of, by Archidamus, vi. 188 seq.;
  • surrender of, to the Lacedæmonians, vi. 264 seq.;
  • restoration of, by Sparta, x. 30 seq.;
  • capture of, by the Thebans, x. 159 seq.
• Platæans at Marathon, iv. 248.
• Plato, his treatment of mythes, i. 441;
  • on the return of the Hêrakleids, ii. 6;
  • on homicide, ii. 96 n.;
  • his Republic and the Lykurgean institutions, ii. 390;
  • and the Sophists, viii. 345-399;
  • and Xenophon, evidence of, about Sokratês, viii. 403 seq., 444 n., 450 n.;
  • his extension and improvement of the formal logic founded by Sokratês, viii. 429;
  • purpose of his dialogues, viii. 453;
  • incorrect assertions in the Menexenus of, ix. 360 n.;
  • the letters of, x. 435 n. 1;
  • and Dionysius the Elder, xi. 38, 60;
  • and Dion, xi. 39, 57 seq., 69, 84;
  • and Dionysius the Younger, xi. 52, 69-80;
  • Dion, and the Pythagoreans, xi. 56 seq.;
  • statements and advice of, on the condition of Syracuse, xi. 130 seq.;
  • and the kings of Macedonia, xi. 206.
• Plausible fiction, i. 435, ii. 51.
• Pleistoanax, v. 349, 429 seq.
• Plemmyrium, vii. 270, 290 seq.
• Plutarch and Lykurgus, ii. 337, 343, 403 seq.;
  • on the ephor Epitadeus, ii. 405;
  • and Herodotus, iv. 202 n., v. 6 n. 2;
  • on Periklês, vi. 172.
• Plutarch of Eretria, xi. 340 seq.
• Plyntêria, viii. 144.
• Podaleirus and Machaôn, i. 180.
• Podarkês, birth of, i. 110.
• Poems, lost epic, ii. 120;
  • epic, recited in public, not read in private, ii. 135.
• Poetry, Greek, transition of, from the mythical past to the positive present, i. 349;
  • epic, ii. 117 seq.;
  • epic, Homeric and Hesiodic, ii. 118;
  • didactic and mystic hexameter, ii. 119;
  • lyric and choric, intended for the ear, ii. 137;
  • Greek, advances of, within a century and a half after Terpander, iv. 77.
• Poets inspired by the Muse, i. 355;
  • iambic, elegiac, and lyric, predominance of the present in, i. 363;
  • and logographers, their treatment of mythes, i. 377 seq.;
  • early, chronological evidence of, ii. 45 seq.;
  • epic, and their probable dates, ii. 122;
  • cyclic, ii. 123 seq.;
  • gnomic or moralizing, iv. 91 seq.
• Polemarch, Athenian, iii. 74.
• Polemarchs, Spartan, ii. 459.
• Polemarchus, viii. 248.
• Political clubs at Athens, viii. 15.
• Politicians, new class of, at Athens, after Periklês, vi. 245 seq.
• Pollis, defeat of, by Chabrias, x. 130.
• Pollux and Castor, i. 171 seq.
• Polyarchus, xi. 154.
• Polybiades, x. 68.
• Polybius, his transformation of mythes to history, i. 412;
  • perplexing statement of, respecting the war between Sybaris and Kroton, iv. 416;
  • the Greece of, [xii. 318].
• Polychares, and Euæphnus, ii. 426.
• Polydamas of Pharsalus, x. 137 seq.
• Polydamas the Macedonian, [xii. 197].
• Polydamidas, at Mendê, vi. 440 seq.
• Polykrates of Samos, iv. 241 seq.
• Polykrates the Sophist, harangue of, on the accusation against Sokratês, viii. 478 n.
• Polynikes, i. 267, 269 seq., 273, 280.
• Polyphron, x. 248.
• Polysperchon, appointed by Antipater as his successor, [xii. 339];
  • plans of, [xii. 340];
  • edict of, at Pella, [xii. 343] seq.;
  • Phokion and Agnonides heard before, [xii. 351] seq.;
  • and Kassander, [xii. 360], [372], [382];
  • flight of, Ætalia, [xii. 367].
• Polystratus, one of the Four Hundred, viii. 68 n. 1, 69 n., 78, 88.
• Polyxena, death of, i. 305.
• Polyzelus and Hiero, v. 228.
• Pompey in Colchis, i. 243.
• Pontic Greeks, [xii. 458] seq.
• Pontic Herakleia, [xii. 460]-471.
• Pontus and Gæa, children of, i. 7.
• Popular belief in ancient mythes, i. 424, 427.
• Porus, [xii. 227] seq.
• Poseidôn, i. 6, 9, 56;
  • prominence of, in Æolid legends, i. 110;
  • Erechtheus, i. 192, 193;
  • and Athênê, i. 195;
  • and Laomedôn, i. 285.
• Positive evidence indispensable to historical proof, i. 429.
• Positive tendencies of the Greek mind in the time of Herodotus, iv. 105 n.
• Post-Homeric poems on the Trojan war, i. 297.
• Potidæa and Artabazus, v. 149;
  • relations of, with Corinth and Athens, vi. 67;
  • designs of Perdikkas and the Corinthians upon, vi. 68;
  • revolt of, from Athens, vi. 69 seq.;
  • Athenian victory near, vi. 73;
  • blockade of, by the Athenians, vi. 74, 140, 164, 182;
  • Brasidas’s attempt upon, vi. 150;
  • capture of, by Philip and the Olynthians, xi. 238.
• Prasiæ, expedition of Pythodôrus to, vii. 285.
• Praxitas, ix. 327 n. 1, 333 seq.
• Priam, i. 285, 292 n. 5, 304.
• Priene, iii. 172, 178, vi. 26.
• Priests, Egyptian, iii. 314.
• Primitive and historical Greece, ii. 57-118.
• Private property, rights of, at Athens, viii. 304.
• Probability alone not sufficient for historical proof, i. 429.
• Pro-Bouleutic Senate, Solon’s, iii. 121.
• Probûli, board of, vii. 362.
• Prodikus, viii. 370, 380 seq.
• Prœtos and his daughters, i. 88 seq.
• Proknê, i. 197 seq.
• Prokris, i. 198.
• Promêtheus, i. 6;
  • and Zeus, i. 63, 76, 79 seq.;
  • and Pandora, i. 75;
  • and Epimêtheus, i. 75;
  • Æschylus’s, i. 382 n. 3.
• Property, rights of, at Athens, iii. 106, 114 seq.
• Prophecies, Sibylline, i. 338.
• Propontis, Phokion in, xi. 460.
• Propylæa, building of, vi. 21, 23 n. 4.
• Prose writing among the Greeks, iv. 97.
• Protagoras, viii. 376, 379 seq., 389 seq., 392 n.
• Protesilaus, i. 290, v. 201.
• Prothoüs, x. 176.
• Proxenus of Tegea, x. 209.
• Prytaneium, Solon’s regulations about, iii. 143.
• Prytanes, iv. 138.
• Prytanies, iv. 138.
• Prytanis, [xii. 485].
• Psammenitus, iv. 219.
• Psammetichus I., iii. 325 seq.
• Psammetichus and Tamos, x. 13.
• Psammis, iii. 333.
• Psephism, Demophantus’s democratical, viii. 81.
• Psephisms and laws, distinction between, v. 373.
• Psyttaleia, Persian troops in, v. 128, 136.
• Ptolemy of Alôrus, x. 249, 250;
  • and Pelopidas, x. 263;
  • assassination of, x. 300.
• Ptolemy of Egypt, attack of Perdikkas on, [xii. 335];
  • alliance of, with Kassander, Lysimachus and Seleukus against Antigonus, [xii. 367], [372], [383], [387];
  • proclamations of, to the Greeks, [xii. 369];
  • Lysimachus and Kassander, pacification of, with Antigonus, [xii. 371];
  • in Greece, [xii. 373].
• Ptolemy, nephew of Antigonus, [xii. 370].
• Public speaking, its early origin and intellectual effects, ii. 77 seq.
• Punjab, Alexander’s conquests in the, [xii. 227] seq.
• Purification for homicide, i. 25, 26.
• Pydna, siege of, by Archestratus, vi. 70;
  • siege of, by Archelaus, viii. 118;
  • and Philip, xi. 236, 237.
• Pylæ, in Babylonia, ix. 36 n. 2., 43 n.
• Pylagoræ, ii. 247.
• Pylians, ii. 12, 335.
• Pylus, attack of Hêraklês on, i. 110;
  • long independence of, ii. 331 n. 2;
  • occupation and fortification of, by the Athenians, vi. 317 seq.;
  • armistice concluded at, vi. 324, 332;
  • Kleon’s expedition to, vi. 365 seq.;
  • cession of, demanded by the Lacedæmonians, vii. 29;
  • helots brought back to, by the Athenians, vii. 70;
  • recapture of, by the Lacedæmonians, viii. 131.
• Pyramids, Egyptian, iii. 321.
• Pyrrha and Deukaliôn, i. 96.
• Pyrrho and Sokratês, viii. 489 n.
• Pyrrhus, son of Achilles, i. 188.
• Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, and Antipater, son of Kassander, [xii. 389].
• Pythagoras, the philosopher, i. 367 seq., iv. 390-411, 416.
• Pythagoras, the Ephesian despot, iii. 182.
• Pythagorean order, iv. 395, 403 seq., 416.
• Pythagoreans, logical distinction of genera and species unknown to, viii. 427 n. 2;
  • Plato, and Dion, xi. 57 seq.
• Pytheas, [xii. 457].
• Pythia, the, at Delphi, and Philomelus, xi. 250.
• Pythian Apollo, i. 47.
• Pythian games, ii. 240, 243, iv. 58, 63 seq., iv. 65, x. 137 n. 1, 195, xi. 428.
• Pythius, the Phrygian, v. 27.
• Pythodôrus, vii. 133, 139, 285.
• Python, mission of, to Athens, xi. 446.
• Pythonikus, vii. 175, 197.

• Q.
• Quadriremes, x. 479.
• Quinqueremes, v. 47 n. 2, x. 479.
• R.
• Races of men in “Works and Days”, i. 64 seq.
• Religious ceremonies a source of mythes, i. 62, 63, 451 seq.;
  • views paramount in the Homeric age, i. 357;
  • views, opposition of, to scientific, among the Greeks, i. 358, 370 seq.;
  • festivals, Grecian, iv. 53, 67 seq., xi. 353;
  • associations, effect of, on early Grecian art, iv. 99.
• Reply to criticisms on the first two volumes of this history, i. 408 n.
• Rhadamanthus and Minôs, i. 219.
• Rhapsodes, ii. 129, 137 seq.
• Rhea, i. 5, 6.
• Rhegians and Tarentines, expedition of, against the Iapygians, v. 238.
• Rhegium, iii. 383;
  • the chorus sent from Messênê to, iv. 53 n. 1;
  • and Athens, vii. 128 n. 3;
  • the Athenian fleet near, B. C. 425, vii. 134;
  • progress of the Athenian armament for Sicily to, vii. 181;
  • discouragement of the Athenians at, vii. 190;
  • relations of, with Dionysius, B. C. 399, x. 474 seq.;
  • and Dionysius, xi. 5, 71, 11, 16 seq.;
  • and Dionysius the Younger, xi. 133;
  • Timoleon at, xi. 144 seq.
• Rhetoric, v. 402, viii. 335, 339, 346 seq.
• Rhetors and sophists, v. 402 seq.
• Rhetra, the primitive constitutional, ii. 344 n. 2, 345 n. 2.
• Rhetræ, the Three Lykurgean, ii. 355 n. 3.
• Rhienus and the second Messenian war, ii. 430.
• Rhium, Phormio in the Gulf at, vi. 196 seq.
• Rhodes, founder of, ii. 30;
  • dikasteries at, v. 384 n. 2;
  • and the Olympic games, vii. 52 n. 4;
  • the Peloponnesian fleet at, vii. 399, 400 seq., viii. 94, ix. 368, 373;
  • Dorieus at, viii. 116;
  • revolt of, from Sparta, ix. 271;
  • revolt of, from Athens, xi. 220 seq.;
  • siege of, by Demetrius Poliorketes, [xii. 381].
• Rhodians and the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 504.
• Rhodôpis, iii. 337 n. 2.
• Rhœkus of Samos, iv. 100.
• Rhœsakes, [xii. 84].
• Rites, post-Homeric, i. 27, 28;
  • ecstatic, i. 30 seq.
• Rivers, mythical personages identified with, i. 342 n. 2;
  • of Greece, ii. 217.
• Robbery, violent, how regarded in Greece and Europe, ii. 111 n. 2.
• Romances of chivalry, i. 475, ii. 156 n. 2.
• Roman kings, authority of, ii. 68 n. 3.
• Roman law of debtor and creditor, iii. 159 seq.
• Romans, respect of, for Illium, i. 327;
  • belief of, with regard to earthquakesi. 400 n.;
  • dislike of, to paijudicial pleading, viii. 361 n. 2;
  • embassy from, to Alexander, [xii. 248] n. 2;
  • Livy’s opinion as to the chances of Alexander, if he had attacked the, [xii. 260].
• Rome, reduction of the rate of interest at, iii. 112 n. 1;
  • debasement of coin at, iii. 114;
  • new tables at, iii. 115 n. 2;
  • law of debtor and creditor at, iii. 159 seq.;
  • political associations at, viii, 16 n. 2;
  • and Carthage, treaties between, x. 392 n.
• Roxana, [xii. 214], [215], [319], [333], [367], [371].

• S.
• Sacred games, Solon’s rewards to victors at, iii. 141;
  • objects, Greek view of material connection with, iii. 84 n. 1., 260.
• Sacred War, the first, iv. 63 seq., v. 346;
  • the second, xi. 241 seq., 374, 421 seq.;
  • position of Philip after the second, xi. 434;
  • the third, xi. 467.
• Sacrifices, i. 62;
  • human, in Greece, i. 126 seq.
• Sacrilege, French legislation upon, vii. 212 n.
• Sadyattês, iii. 253.
• Saga, the, Ampère on, i. 357 n.
• Sage, a universal manifestation of the human mind, i. 461.
• Sagen-poesie, applied as a standard to the Iliad and Odyssey, ii. 162.
• Sagra, date of the battle at, iv. 411 n. 2.
• Saints, legends of, i. 469 seq.
• Sakadas, iv. 89.
• Salæthus, vi. 237 seq.
• Salamis, the serpent of, i. 186;
  • war between Athens and Megara about, iii. 98 seq.;
  • retreat of the Greek fleet from Artemisium to, v. 102, 107;
  • the battle of, v. 104-147;
  • Persian and Greek fleets after the battle of, v. 147;
  • migration of Athenians to, on Mardonius’s approach, v. 154;
  • seizure of prisoners at, by the Thirty Tyrants at Athens, viii. 267.
• Salamis in Cyprus, i. 189, x. 14 seq.
• Salmoneus, i. 108.
• Samian exiles, application of, to Sparta, iv. 242;
  • attack of, on Siphnos, iv. 244;
  • at Zanklê, v. 211.
• Samians and Athenians, contrast between, iv. 247;
  • slaughter of, by Otanês, iv. 249;
  • at Ladê, iv. 304;
  • migration of, to Sicily, iv. 305;
  • transfer of the fund of the confederacy from Delos to Athens proposed by, v. 343;
  • application of, to Sparta for aid against Athens, vi. 29.
• Samnites, xi. 8.
• Samos, foundation of, iii. 173;
  • condition of, on the accession of Darius Hystaspês, iv. 240;
  • Lacedæmonians and Polykratês at, iv. 243;
  • Persian armament under Datis at, iv. 329;
  • Persian fleet at, after the battle of Salamis, v. 147, 192;
  • Greek fleet moves to the rescue of, from the Persians, v. 192;
  • an autonomous ally of Athens, vi. 2;
  • revolt of, from the Athenians, vi. 25 seq., 29;
  • and Milêtus, dispute between, about Priênê, vi. 26;
  • Athenian armament against, under Periklês, Sophoklês, etc., vi. 27 seq.;
  • blockaded, vi. 28;
  • government of, after its capture by Periklês, vi. 30;
  • democratical revolution at, vii. 377 seq.;
  • powerful Athenian fleet at, B. C. 412, vii. 386;
  • oligarchical conspiracy at, viii. 7 seq., 25 seq.;
  • embassy from the Four Hundred to, viii. 44, 52 seq., 55;
  • Athenian democracy reconstituted at, viii. 46 seq.;
  • the Athenian democracy at, and Alkibiadês, viii. 49 seq.;
  • eagerness of the Athenian democracy at, to sail to Peiræus, viii. 52, 54;
  • envoys from Argosto the Athenian Demos at, viii. 57;
  • Athenian democracy at, contrasted with the oligarchy of the Four Hundred, viii. 92 seq.;
  • Strombichidês’s arrival at, from the Hellespont, viii. 96;
  • Alkibiadês’s return from Aspendus to, viii. 115;
  • Alkibiadês sails from, to the Hellespont, viii. 116;
  • Alkibiadês at, B. C. 407, viii. 155;
  • Alkibiadês leaves Antiochus in command at, viii. 153;
  • dissatisfaction of the armament at, with Alkibiadês, viii. 154;
  • Konon at, viii. 160;
  • Lysander at, viii. 223, 237;
  • conquest of, by Timotheus, x. 294, 297 n. 2.
• Samothracians, exploit of, at Salamis, v. 135.
• Sangala, capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 231].
• Sapphô, i. 363, iv. 90 seq.
• Sardinia, proposition of Bias for a Pan-Ionic emigration to, iv. 207.
• Sardis, iii. 220;
  • capture of, by Cyrus, iv. 192;
  • march of Aristagoras to, and burning of, iv. 290;
  • march of Xerxes to, and collection of his forces at, v. 14;
  • march of Xerxes from, v. 27;
  • retirement of the Persian army to, after their defeat at Mykalê, v. 198;
  • Alkibiadês’s imprisonment at, and escape from, viii. 119, 120;
  • forces of Cyrus the Younger collected at, ix. 8;
  • march of Cyrus the Younger from, to Kunaxa, ix. 11 seq.;
  • victory of Agesilaus near, ix. 267;
  • surrender of, to Alexander, [xii. 89].
• Sarissa, [xii. 57], [101] seq.
• Sarmatians, iii. 243.
• Sarpêdôn, i. 219.
• Sataspes, iii. 285, 288 n.
• Satrapies of Darius Hystaspes, iv. 235 seq.
• Satraps under Darius Hystaspes, discontents of, iv. 226 seq.;
  • of Alexander, [xii. 239] seq.
• Satyrus of Herakleia, [xii. 564].
• Satyrus I. of Bosporus, xi. 264 n. 1, [xii. 481].
• Satyrus the actor, xi. 270, 364.
• Satyrus II. of Bosporus, [xii. 484].
• Saxo Grammaticus and Snorro Sturleson contrasted with Pherekydes and Hellanikus, i. 468.
• Scales Æginæan and Euboic, ii. 319 seq., 325;
  • Æginæan, Euboic and Attic, iii. 171.
• Scandinavian mythical genealogies, i. 465 n. 3;
  • and Teutonic epic, i. 479 seq.
• Scardus, ii. 212.
• Science, physical, commencement of, among the Greeks, i. 367.
• Scientific views, opposition of, to religions, among the Greeks, i. 359-370 seq.
• Scission between the superior men and the multitude among the Greeks, i. 375.
• Sculpture at Athens, under Periklês, vi. 22.
• Scurrility at festivals, iv. 80 n. 2.
• Scylla, i. 1, 221.
• Scythia, iii. 235;
  • Darius’s invasion of, iv. 263 seq.
• Scythians, iii. 233 seq., [xii. 475];
  • invasion of Asia Minor and Upper Asia by, iii. 245 seq.;
  • strong impression produced by, upon Herodotus’s imagination, iv. 268;
  • attack of Philip on, xi. 462;
  • and Alexander, [xii. 206], [214].
• Secession of the mythical races of Greece, ii. 19.
• Seisachtheia, or debtors’ relief-law of Solon, iii. 99 seq.
• Selene, i. 6, 346 n.
• Seleukus, alliance of, with Kassander, Lysimachus, and Ptolemy against Antigonus, [xii. 367], [372], [383], [387];
  • Kassander, Lysimachus, and Ptolemy, pacification of, with Antigonus, [xii. 371];
  • and the Pontic Hêrakleia, [xii. 470];
  • death of, [xii. 470].
• Selinuntines, defeat of, by the Egestæans and Carthaginians, x. 404.
• Selinus, iii. 367;
  • and Egesta, vii. 145, x. 401, 404;
  • application of, to Syracuse, x. 404;
  • capture of, by Hannibal, x. 405 seq.;
  • abandonment of, by the rest of Sicily, x. 408;
  • Hermokrates at, x. 417.
• Selli, ii. 268.
• Selymbria, viii. 126, 133, xi. 455 n. 3.
• Selymbris, iv. 27.
• Semele, i. 259.
• Semi-historical interpretation of ancient mythes, i. 433.
• Senate and Agora subordinate in legendary, paramount in historical Greece, ii. 76;
  • Spartan, ii. 345, 357;
  • of Areopagus, iii. 73;
  • powers of, enlarged by Solon, iii. 122;
  • of Four Hundred, Solon’s, iii. 121;
  • of Five Hundred, iv. 137;
  • at Athens, expulsion of, by the Four Hundred, viii. 39.
• Senators, addition to the oath of Athenian, viii. 298.
• Sentiment, mingled ethical and mythical, in “Works and Days”, i. 69 seq.
• Sepias Akte, Xerxes’s fleet at, v. 83 seq.
• Servitude, temporary, of the gods, i. 57, 113 n. 2.
• Sestos, capture of, B. C. 479, v. 202 seq.;
  • escape of the Athenian squadron from, to Elæus, viii. 105;
  • Derkyllidas at, ix. 320;
  • capture of, by Kotys, x. 373;
  • surrender of, to Athens, B. C. 358, x. 379 n.;
  • conquest of, by Chares, xi. 257.
• Seuthes, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 154, 169 seq.
• Seven chiefs against Thebes, the, i. 274.
• Seven wise men of Greece, iv. 95 seq.
• Sibyl, the Erythræan, i. 28.
• Sibylline prophecies, i. 28, 338.
• Sicilian Greeks, prosperity of, between B. C. 735 and 485, iii. 367 seq.;
  • Greeks, peculiarity of their monetary and statical scale, iii. 369;
  • comedy, iii. 373;
  • Greeks, early governments of, v. 206;
  • Greeks, and Phenicians, v. 207;
  • cities, B. C. 431, vii. 127, 131;
  • and Italian Dorians, aid expected from, by Sparta, vii. 129;
  • cities, general peace between, B. C. 424, vii. 138;
  • aid to Syracuse, B. C. 413, vii. 295.
• Sicily, Phenicians and Greeks in, iii. 276;
  • ante-Hellenic population of, iii. 350, 361, 372;
  • and Italy, early languages and history of, iii. 354 n.;
  • and Italy, date of earliest Grecian colony in, iii. 356;
  • rapid multiplication of Grecian colonies in, after B. C. 735, iii. 360;
  • the voyage from Greece to, iii. 361;
  • spot where the Greeks first landed in, iii. 361;
  • Megarian, iii. 365;
  • subcolonies from, iii. 366;
  • Sikel or Sikan caverns in, iii. 368 n.;
  • mixed population of, iii. 369;
  • difference between Greeks in, and those in Greece Proper, iii. 372;
  • despots in, about B. C. 500, v. 204;
  • Carthaginian invasion of, B. C. 480, v. 220;
  • expulsion of despots from, B. C. 465, v. 233;
  • after the expulsion of the despots, B. C. 465, v. 234, 236 seq., vii. 118;
  • return of Duketius to, vii. 122;
  • intellectual movement in, between B. C. 461-416, vii. 127;
  • relations of, to Athens and Sparta, altered by the quarrel between Corinth and Korkyra, vii. 129;
  • Dorians attack the Ionians in, about B. C. 427, vii. 131;
  • Ionic cities in, solicit aid from Athens, against the Dorians, B. C. 427, vii. 132;
  • Athenian expedition to, B. C. 427, vii. 133;
  • Athenian expedition to, B. C. 425, vii. 133;
  • Athenian expedition to, B. C. 422, vii. 142;
  • Athenian expedition to, B. C. 415, vii. 148-162, 179-191, 217-278;
  • Athenian expedition to, B. C. 413, vii. 279-287, 288-353;
  • effect of the Athenian disaster in, upon all Greeks, vii. 363;
  • intervention of Carthage in, B. C. 410, x. 401 seq.;
  • invasion of, by Hannibal, B. C. 409, x. 405 seq.;
  • abandonment of Selinus by the Hellenic cities of, B. C. 409, x. 408;
  • Hannibal’s return from, B. C. 409, x. 415;
  • return of Hermokrates to, x. 415;
  • invasion of, by Hannibal and Imilkon, x. 422 seq.;
  • southern, depressed condition of, B. C. 405, x. 457;
  • expedition of Dionysius against the Carthaginians in, x. 483 seq.;
  • frequency of pestilence among the Carthaginians in, xi. 1;
  • Dionysius’s conquests in the interior of, B. C. 394, xi. 4;
  • condition of, B. C. 353-344, xi. 130;
  • voyage of Timoleon to, xi. 143 seq.;
  • invasion of, by the Carthaginians, B. C. 340, xi. 170;
  • Timoleon in, xi. 170-195;
  • expedition to, under Giskon, xi. 180;
  • Agathokles in, [xii. 439] seq.;
  • ceases to be under Hellenic agency after Agathokles, [xii. 451].
• Sidon, iii. 265;
  • conquest of, by Darius Nothus, xi. 438;
  • surrender of, to Alexander, [xii. 130].
• Sidus, capture of, by the Lacedæmonians, ix. 335;
  • recovery of, by Iphikrates, ix. 353.
• Siege of Troy, i. 284-306.
• Sigeium, Mitylenæan at, i. 339;
  • and Peisistratus, iv. 117.
• Sikans, iii. 349, 351 n. 3, 369.
• Sikel prince, Duketius, iii. 374.
• Sikels, iii. 349;
  • in Italy, iii. 351, 375;
  • migration of, from Italy to Sicily, iii. 353 n. 2;
  • in Sicily, iii. 367, x. 494, xi. 5, 6.
• Sikinnus, v. 126, 140, 313 n. 2.
• Sikyôn, origin of, i. 120 seq.;
  • early condition of, iii. 4;
  • despots at, iii. 32 seq., 38;
  • classes of people at, iii. 35;
  • names of Dorion and non-Dorion tribes at, iii. 34, 37;
  • Corinth, and Megara, analogy of, iii. 47;
  • Athenian attacks upon, v. 332;
  • Spartan and Argeian expedition against, vii. 97;
  • desertion of, from Sparta to Thebes, x. 257;
  • intestine dissensions at, B. C. 367-366, x. 269 seq.;
  • Euphron at, x. 269 seq., 272, 273.
• Silanus the prophet, ix. 40, 133 seq.
• Silphium, iv. 33.
• Silver race, the, i. 65.
• Simon, i. 304.
• Simonidês of Keôs, epigram of, on the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 104;
  • mediation of, between Hiero and Thero, v. 227.
• Simonidês of Amorgus, poetry of, i. 463, iv. 73, 82.
• Sinôpe and the Amazons, i. 212 n. 3;
  • date of the foundation of, iii. 249 n. 3;
  • Perikles’s expedition to, vi. 10;
  • and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 129 seq., 144;
  • long independence of, [xii. 459];
  • envoys from with Darius, [xii. 459].
• Siphnus, iii. 166;
  • attack of Samian exiles on, iv. 244.
• Sirens, the, i. 1.
• Siris, or Herakleia, iii. 384.
• Sisygambis, [xii. 124], [164], [171].
• Sisyphus, i. 118 seq.
• Sitalkes, vi. 141, 215 seq.
• Sithonia, iv. 24, 25.
• Sittake, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 65.
• Skalds, Icelandic, songs of, ii. 150 n. 2, ii. 157 n.
• Skedasus, x. 178.
• Skepsis, Derkyllidas at, ix. 213.
• Skillus, Xenophon at, ix. 176 seq.
• Skiône, revolt of, from Athens to Brasidas, vi. 435 seq.;
  • dispute about, after the One year’s truce between Athens and Sparta, vi. 437;
  • blockade of, by the Athenians, B. C. 423, vi. 442;
  • capture of, by the Athenians, B. C. 421, vii. 22.
• Skiritæ, vii. 80, 84, x. 233.
• Skylax, iv. 237, 283, x. 227 n. 6.
• Skyllêtium, iii. 384.
• Skyros, conquest of, by Kimon, v. 303.
• Skytalism at Argos, x. 200 seq.
• Skythês of Zanklê, v. 211 seq.
• Skythini, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 110.
• Slavery of debtors in Attica before Solon, iii. 94.
• Slaves in legendary Greece, ii. 97 seq.
• Smerdis, iv. 221 seq.
• Sminthian Apollo, i. 50, 337.
• Smyrna, iii. 182, 189.
• Social War, xi. 220, 231.
• Socratic philosophers, their unjust condemnation of rhapsodes, ii. 139.
• Socratici viri, viii. 403 n.
• Sogdian rock, capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 214].
• Sogdiana, Alexander in, [xii. 202] seq., [207].
• Sôkratês, his treatment of the discrepancy between scientific and religious views, i. 370;
  • treatment of, by the Athenians, i. 374 seq.;
  • alleged impiety of, attacked by Aristophanês, i. 401 n.;
  • and the sophists, v. 404, vii. 35 n. 2; viii. 387 n., 400, 441 n.;
  • at the battle of Delium, vi. 396;
  • and Alkibiadês, vii. 35 seq.;
  • and Kritias, vii. 35 seq.;
  • at the Athenian assembly, on the generals at Arginusæ, vii. 200;
  • and the Thirty, viii. 244, 257;
  • and Parmenidês, viii. 346 n.;
  • dislike of, to teaching for pay, viii. 342;
  • life, character, philosophy, teaching, and death of, viii. 400-496.
• Solemnities and games, i. 106.
• Soli in Cyprus, iii. 148.
• Sollium, Athenian capture of, vi. 135.
• Soloeis, Cape, iii. 272 n. 2.
• Solon and the Iliad, ii. 152 n. 2;
  • civil condition of Attica before, iii. 48;
  • life, character, laws, and constitution of, iii. 88-159.
• Sophokles, his Œdipus, i. 270;
  • his treatment of mythes, i. 379 seq., 385;
  • Periklês, etc., Athenian armament under, against Samos, vi. 27 seq.;
  • number of tragedies by, viii. 319 n.;
  • Æschylus and Euripidês, viii. 332;
  • and Herodotus, viii. 323 n. 2.
• Sophokles and Eurymedon, expeditions of, to Sicily and Korkyra, vi. 313 seq., 357 seq., vii. 133, 136, 139.
• Sôsis, xi. 104.
• Sosistratus, [xii. 394], [388], [405].
• Sothiac period and Manetho, iii. 340 seq.
• Sparta and Mykênæ, i. 165 seq.;
  • occupation of, by the Dorians, ii. 311, 326 seq., 360;
  • and the disunion of Greek towns, ii. 259;
  • not strictly a city, ii. 261;
  • inferior to Argos and neighboring Dorians, B. C. 776, ii. 307, 312;
  • first historical view of, ii. 323;
  • not the perfect Dorian type, ii. 341;
  • pair of kings at, ii. 349;
  • classification of the population at, ii. 348 seq.;
  • syssitia and public training at, ii. 380 seq.;
  • partition of lands at, ascribed to Lykurgus, ii. 393-415;
  • progressive increase of, ii. 417;
  • and Lepreum, ii. 440;
  • Argos, and Arcadia, relations of, ii. 443 n. 2;
  • and Mantinea, ii. 444;
  • and Arcadia, ii. 445 seq.;
  • and Tegea, ii. 446 seq.;
  • bones of Orestês taken to, ii. 447;
  • acquisitions of, towards Argos, ii. 450 seq.;
  • extensive possessions and power of by, B. C. 540, ii. 453 seq.;
  • military institutions of, ii. 456 seq.;
  • recognized superiority of, ii. 461, iv. 242, 318;
  • peculiar government of, iii. 6;
  • alleged intervention of, with the Nemean and Isthmian games, iv. 66 n.;
  • exclusive character of her festivals, iv. 69;
  • musical and poetical tendencies at, iv. 83 seq., 86 n. 1;
  • choric training at, iv. 84 seq.;
  • first appearance of, as head of Peloponnesian allies, iv. 169, 174 seq.;
  • preparations at, for attacking Athens, after the failure of Kleomenês, iv. 173 seq.;
  • and Crœsus, iv. 190;
  • and Asiatic Greeks, iv. 199, iv. 207, 208;
  • and Samian exiles, iv. 242;
  • and Aristagoras, iv. 287 seq.;
  • treatment of Darius’s herald at, iv. 317;
  • appeal of Athenians to, against the Medism of Ægina, iv. 318;
  • war of, against Argos, B. C. 496-5, iv. 320 seq.;
  • no heralds sent from Xerxes to, v. 57;
  • Pan-Hellenic congress convened by, at the Isthmus of Corinth, v. 57 seq.;
  • leaves Athens undefended against Mardonius, v. 153 seq.;
  • headship of the allied Greeks transferred from, to Athens, v. 261 seq.;
  • and Athens, first open separation between, v. 263, 265 seq., 290;
  • secret promise of, to the Thasians, to invade Attica, v. 312;
  • restores the supremacy of Thebes in Bœotia, v. 313, 331;
  • and the rest of Peloponnesus, between B. C. 477-457, v. 314;
  • earthquake and revolt of Helots at, B. C. 464, v. 315 seq.;
  • Athenian auxiliaries to, against the Helots, v. 316 seq.;
  • Athenians renounce the alliance of, B. C. 464, v. 319;
  • and Athens, five years’ truce between, v. 334;
  • and Delphi, B. C. 452-447, v. 346;
  • and Athens, thirty years’ truce between, v. 350;
  • application of Samians to, vi. 29;
  • imperial, compared with imperial Athens, vi. 39, ix. 187 seq.;
  • and her subject-allies, vi. 41;
  • and Athens, confederacies of, vi. 46;
  • promise of, to the Potidæans, to invade Attica, vi. 69;
  • application of the Lesbians to, vi. 76;
  • assembly at, before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 78 seq.;
  • relations of, with her allies, vi. 79;
  • congress of allies at, B. C. 432, vi. 92 seq.;
  • requisitions addressed to Athens by, B. C. 431, vi. 97 seq., 105 seq.;
  • efforts of, to raise a naval force on commencing the Peloponnesian war, vi. 125;
  • and the Mitylenæans, vi. 226 seq.;
  • despatches from Artaxerxes to, vi. 360 seq.;
  • and Athens one year’s truce between, B. C. 423, vi. 437 seq., 453, 457 seq.;
  • and the Peace of Nikias, vii. 2, 9;
  • and Argos, uncertain relations between, B. C. 421, vii. 3;
  • and Athens, alliance between, B. C. 421, vii. 5;
  • revolt of Elis from, vii. 17 seq.;
  • congress at, B. C. 421, vii. 24;
  • and Bœotia, alliance between, B. C. 420, vii. 26;
  • and Argos, fifty years’ peace between, vii. 28 seq.;
  • embassy of Nikias to, vii. 44;
  • and Athens, relations between, B. C. 419, vii. 70;
  • and the battle of Mantinea, B. C. 418, vii. 86;
  • and Argos, peace and alliance between, B. C. 418, vii. 92 seq.;
  • submission of Mantinea to, vii. 95;
  • and Athens, relations between, B. C. 416, vii. 103;
  • and Sicily, relations of, altered by the quarrel between Corinth and Korkyra, vii. 129;
  • aid expected from the Sicilian Dorians by, B. C. 431, vii. 130;
  • embassy from Syracuse and Corinth to, B. C. 415, vii. 235 seq.;
  • Alkibiadês at, vii. 236 seq., viii. 2;
  • and Athens, violation of the peace between, B. C. 414, vii. 285;
  • resolution of, to fortify Dekeleia and send a force to Syracuse, B. C. 414, vii. 286;
  • application from Chios to, vii. 365;
  • embassy from Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus to, vii. 366;
  • embassy from the Four Hundred to, viii. 63, 84;
  • proposals of peace from, to Athens, B. C. 410, viii. 122 seq.;
  • alleged proposals of peace from, to Athens, after the battle of Argenusæ, viii. 210;
  • first proposals of Athens to, after the battle of Ægospotami, viii. 226;
  • embassies of Theramenês to, viii. 227, 228;
  • assembly of the Peloponnesian confederacy at, B. C. 404, viii. 228;
  • terms of peace granted to Athens by, B. C. 404, viii. 229;
  • triumphant return of Lysander to, viii. 238;
  • and her allies, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259;
  • oppressive dominion of after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 260;
  • opposition to Lysander at, viii. 262;
  • pacification by, between the Ten at Athens and the exiles at Peiræus, viii. 278;
  • empire of, contrasted with her promises of liberty, ix. 191 seq.;
  • change in the language and plans of, towards the close of the Peloponnesian war, ix. 194;
  • and the Thirty at Athens, ix. 197;
  • opportunity lost by, for organizing a stable confederacy throughout Greece, ix. 199 seq.;
  • alienation of the allies of, after the battle of Ægospotami, ix. 223 seq.;
  • and Elis, war between, ix. 225 seq.;
  • refuses to restore the Olympic presidency to the Pisatans, ix. 229;
  • expels the Messenians from Peloponnesus, ix. 229;
  • introduction of gold and silver to, by Lysander, ix. 230 seq.;
  • in B. C. 432 and after B. C. 404, contrast between, ix. 232;
  • position of kings at, ix. 238 seq.;
  • conspiracy of Kinadon at, ix. 247 seq.;
  • Persian preparations for maritime war against, B. C. 397, ix. 255, 270;
  • revolt of Rhodes from, ix. 271;
  • relations of, with her neighbors and allies, after the accession of Agesilaus, ix. 284;
  • and Hêrakleia Trachynia, ix. 285, 302;
  • and Timokrates, ix. 286 seq.;
  • and Thebes, war between, B. C. 395, ix. 289 seq.;
  • alliance of Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos against, ix. 301;
  • proceedings of, against Thebes, Athens, Corinth, and Argos, ix. 303, 305 seq.;
  • consequences of the battles of Corinth, Knidus, and Korôneia to, ix. 317 seq.;
  • hostility of, to partial land confederacies in Greece, ix. 361;
  • congress at, on the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 386;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, x. 2 seq., 9 seq., 28;
  • applications of, for Persian aid, x. 5 seq.;
  • and Persia after the battle of Ægospotami, x. 8;
  • and Grecian autonomy, x. 11 seq., 28;
  • miso-Theban proceedings of, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 28 seq.;
  • restores Platæa, x. 30 seq.;
  • oppressive conduct of towards Mantinea, B. C. 386, x. 35 seq.;
  • mischievous influence of, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 40 seq.;
  • naval competition of Athens with, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 42 seq.;
  • and the Olynthian confederacy, x. 52 seq., 57, 65 seq.;
  • and the surprise of Thebes by Phœbidas, x. 61 seq.;
  • and Phlius, x. 70;
  • ascendency and unpopularity of, B. C. 379, x. 72 seq.;
  • Xenophon on the conduct of, between B. C. 387-379, x. 77;
  • effect of the revolution at Thebes, B. C. 379, on, x. 93;
  • trial of Sphodrias at, x. 100 seq.;
  • war declared by Athens against, B. C. 378, x. 102;
  • separate peace of Athens with, B. C. 374, x. 137, 141;
  • and Polydamas, x. 137 seq.;
  • decline of the power of, between B. C. 382-374, x. 140;
  • discouragement of, by her defeat at Korkyra and by earthquakes, B. C. 372, x. 157;
  • disposition of Athens to peace with, B. C. 372, x. 158, 165;
  • general peace settled at, B. C. 371, x. 165 seq., 174, 198;
  • effect of the news of the defeat at Leuktra on, x. 186;
  • and Athens, difference between in passive endurance and active energy, x. 188;
  • reinforcements from, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 188;
  • treatment of defeated citizens on their return from Leuktra, x. 192 seq.;
  • and Thebes, alleged arbitration of the Achæans between, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 199 n.;
  • position of, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 201;
  • and the Amphiktyonic assembly, x. 202 seq., xi. 242;
  • feeling against Agesilaus at, B. C. 371, x. 207;
  • hostile approaches of Epaminondas to, x. 218 seq., 330 seq.;
  • abstraction of Western Laconia from, x. 226 seq.;
  • application of, to Athens for aid against Thebes, B. C. 369, x. 234 seq.;
  • and Athens, alliance between, B. C. 369, x. 253;
  • reinforcement from Syracuse in aid of, x. 258;
  • peace of her allies with Thebes, x. 290 seq.;
  • alliance of Elis and Achaia with, B. C. 365, x. 313;
  • and Dionysius, x. 457, 505, xi. 22;
  • degradation of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 197 seq.;
  • countenance of the Phokians by, B. C. 353, xi. 262;
  • plans of, against Megalopolis and Messênê, B. C. 353, ix. 263, 290;
  • decline in military readiness among the Peloponnesian allies of, after the Peloponnesian war, xi. 280;
  • ineffectual campaign of, against Megalopolis, xi. 299 seq.;
  • envoys from, to Philip, xi. 405, 409;
  • envoys from, with Darius, [xii. 189];
  • anti-Macedonian policy of, after Alexander’s death, [xii. 281] seq.
• Spartan kings, ii. 11, 76, 353 seq.;
  • senate, assembly, and ephors, ii. 349 seq.;
  • popular assembly, ii. 357;
  • constitution, ii. 359 seq.;
  • government, secrecy of, ii. 378;
  • discipline, ii. 381 seq.;
  • women, ii. 383 seq.;
  • law and practice of succession, erroneous suppositions about, ii. 409 seq.;
  • arbitration of the dispute between Athens and Megan about Salamis, iii. 92;
  • expeditions against Hippias, iv. 122;
  • empire, commencement of, ix. 181, 184 seq., 188 seq.;
  • empire, Theopompus on, ix. 195 n.;
  • allies at the battle of Leuktra, x. 182.
• Spartans, and Pheidôn, ii. 318;
  • and Messenians, early proceedings of, ii. 329;
  • local distinctions among, ii. 361;
  • the class of, ii. 361 seq.;
  • and Helots, ii. 373 seq.;
  • marriage among, ii. 385; their ignorance of letters, ii. 390 n. 3;
  • musical susceptibilities of, ii. 433;
  • and the second Messenian war, ii. 434, 437;
  • careful training of, when other states had none, ii. 455;
  • and the battle of Marathon, iv. 342, 358;
  • unwillingness of, to postpone or neglect festivals, v. 77;
  • at Platæa, v. 157, 166 seq.;
  • and the continental Ionians after the battle of Mykalê, v. 193;
  • and the fortification of Athens, v. 243 seq.;
  • favorable answer of the oracle at Delphi to, on war with Athens, B. C. 432, vi. 91;
  • final answer of the Athenians to, before the Peloponnesian war, vi. 106;
  • their desire for peace, to regain the captives from Sphakteria, vi. 428 seq.;
  • and Thebans, at the battle of Korôneia, ix. 317;
  • project of, for the rescue of the Asiatic Greeks, x. 44;
  • miso-Theban impulse of, B. C. 371, x. 175;
  • confidence and defeat of, at Leuktra, x. 179 seq.;
  • retirement of, from Bœotia after the battle of Leuktra, x. 190;
  • refusal of, to acknowledge the independence of Messênê, x. 290, 350;
  • and Dion, xi. 61.
• Sparti, i. 259, 261.
• Spartokidæ, [xii. 479] seq.
• Speaking, public, its early origin and intellectual effects, ii. 77 seq.
• Sperthiês and Bulis, vi. 182 n.
• Speusippus, indictment of, by Leogoras, vii. 206 n. 3.
• Sphakteria, locality of, vi. 314;
  • occupation of, by the Lacedæmonians, vi. 320, 346;
  • blockade of Lacedæmonians in, vi. 324, 332 seq.;
  • Lacedæmonian embassy to Athens for the release of the prisoners in, vi. 324 seq.;
  • Demosthenês’s application for reinforcements to attack, vi. 334 seq.;
  • condition of, on the attack by Demosthenês and Kleon, vi. 340;
  • victory of Demosthenês and Kleon over Lacedæmonians in, vi. 341 seq.;
  • surrender of Lacedæmonians in, vi. 345 seq.;
  • arrival of prisoners from, at Athens, vi. 351;
  • restoration of prisoners taken at, vii. 6 seq.;
  • disfranchisement of restored prisoners from, vii. 22.
• Sphendaleis, Attic deme of, v. 158 n. 2.
• Sphinx, the, i. 7, 266.
• Spodrias, attempt of, to surprise Peiræus, x. 98 seq.
• Spitamenes, [xii. 207], [213], [214].
• Spithridates, and the Lacedæmonians, ix. 260, 274 seq.
• Stables, the Augean, i. 139.
• Stageira, iv. 25.
• Standard of historical evidence raised with regard to England, but not with regard to Greece, i. 484.
• Stasippus, x. 209.
• Statira, [xii. 124], [154], [241].
• Statues, Greek, identified with the beings they represented, i. 460.
• Stenyklêrus, Dorians of, ii. 328.
• Steropês, i. 5.
• Stesichorus, the lyric poet, and Helen, i. 307 seq.;
  • dialect of, iv. 78 seq.
• Stesiklês, x. 144, 147 n.
• Sthenelaïdas, the ephor, vi. 90 seq.
• Story of striking off the overtopping ears of corn, iii. 24 n.
• Strabo on the Amazons, i. 214;
  • his version of the Argonautic expedition, i. 255;
  • on Old and New Ilium, i. 329 seq.;
  • his transformation of mythes to history, i. 413.
• Strangers, supplication of, ii. 79 n.;
  • reception of, in legendary Greece, ii. 85.
• Stratêgi, Kleisthenean, iv. 136;
  • enlarged functions of Athenian, after the Persian war, v. 276.
• Stratolas, x. 320.
• Stratus, attack of Peloponnesians, Ambrakiots and Epirots upon, B. C. 429, vi. 194.
• Strelitzes, suppression of the revolt of, by Peter the Great, iv. 232 n. 3.
• Strombichidês, pursuit of Chalkideus and Alkibiadês by, vii. 371;
  • expedition of, to Chios, vii. 374, 390, 392;
  • removal of, from Chios to the Hellespont, viii. 94;
  • arrival of, at Samos, from the Hellespont, viii. 95;
  • and other Athenian democrats, imprisonment of, viii. 236;
  • trial and execution of, viii. 240 seq.
• Strophê, introduction of, iv. 89.
• Struthas, victory of, over Thimbron, ix. 362.
• Strymôn, Greek settlements east of, in Thrace, iv. 25;
  • Xerxes’s bridges across the, v. 25.
• Styx, i. 7, 8.
• Styx, rocks near, ii. 301 n.
• Subterranean, course of rivers in Greece, ii. 219.
• Succession, Solon’s laws of, iii. 139.
• Suli, iii. 418.
• Suppliants, reception of, in legendary Greece, ii. 85.
• Supplication of strangers, ii. 79 n.
• Susa, sum found in by Alexander the Great, iv. 236 n.;
  • Pharnabazus conveys Greek escorts towards, viii. 135;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 168], [238];
  • Alexander’s march from, to Persepolis, [xii. 246] seq.
• Susia, [xii. 189].
• Susian Gates, Alexander at, [xii. 171].
• Syagrus, reply of, to Gelôn, i. 167.
• Sybaris, foundation, territory and colonies of, iii. 376 seq.;
  • fall of, iii. 392, 399, iv. 413 seq.;
  • maximum power of, iii. 394 seq.;
  • and Krotôn, war between, iv. 412.
• Sybarites, character of, iii. 394 seq.;
  • defeat of, by the Krotoniates, iv. 413;
  • descendants of, at Thurii, vi. 13.
• “Sybaritic tales”, iii. 394.
• Syennesis of Kilikia, and Cyrus the Younger, ix. 18.
• Sylosôn, iv. 248 seq.
• Symmories at Athens, x. 117 seq.;
  • speech of Demosthenês on the, xi. 285 seq.
• Symplêgades, the, i. 235.
• Syntagma, Macedonian, [xii. 60].
• Syracusan assembly, on the approaching Athenian expedition, B. C. 415, vii. 183 seq.;
  • ships, improvements in, to suit the narrow harbor, vii. 297;
  • squadron under Hermokrates against Athens in the Ægean, x. 385 seq.;
  • generals at Agrigentum, complaints against, x. 427, 431;
  • generals at Agrigentum, speech of Dionysius against, x. 433 seq.;
  • horsemen, mutiny of, against Dionysius, x. 451 seq.;
  • soldiers mutiny of, against Dionysius, x. 462 seq.
• Syracusans, confidence and proceedings of, after the capture of Plemmyrium, B. C. 413, vii. 293 seq.;
  • and Athenians, conflicts between, in the Great Harbor, vii. 294, 299 seq., 316 seq., 324 seq.;
  • defeat of the Athenian night attack upon Epipolæ by, vii. 305 seq.;
  • their blockade of the Athenians in the harbor, vii. 318;
  • captured by Thrasyllus, viii. 129;
  • delay of, in aiding Selinus, B. C. 409, x. 404, 408;
  • improvement in Dionysius’s behavior towards, B. C. 399, x. 473;
  • victory of, over the Carthaginians in the great Harbor, x. 501;
  • negotiations of Dionysius the Younger with Dion and the, xi. 96;
  • defeat of Dionysius the Younger, by Dion and the, xi. 97 seq.;
  • application from, to Dion at Leontini, xi. 108;
  • gratitude of, to Dion, xi. 112;
  • opposition of, to Dion as dictator, xi. 121 seq.;
  • application of, to Hiketas and Corinth, B. C. 344, x. 134 seq.;
  • and Timoleon, application of, to Corinth, xi. 167.
• Syracuse, foundation of, iii. 363;
  • petalism or ostracism at, iv. 162;
  • inferior to Agrigentum and Gela, before B. C. 500, v. 204;
  • in B. C. 500, v. 205;
  • increased population and power of, under Gelo, v. 214 seq.;
  • prisoners awarded to, after the battle of Himera, v. 225;
  • topography of, B. C. 465, v. 235 n.;
  • fall of the Gelonian dynasty at, v. 235 seq.;
  • Gelonian citizens of, v. 237 seq.;
  • reaction against despotism at, after the fall of the Gelonian dynasty, v. 240;
  • political dissensions and failure of ostracism at, vii. 122;
  • foreign exploits of, B. C. 452, vii. 123;
  • Duketius at, vii. 124;
  • and Agrigentum, hostilities between, B. C. 446, vii. 125;
  • conquests and ambitious schemes of, B. C. 440, vii. 126;
  • incredulity and contempt at, as to the Athenian armament for Sicily, B. C. 415, vii. 182;
  • quiescence of the democracy at, vii. 183 n.;
  • preparations at, on the approach of the Athenian armament at, B. C. 415, vii. 190;
  • empty display of the Athenian armament at, B. C. 415, vii. 194;
  • increased confidence at, through Nikias’s inaction, B. C. 415, vii. 218;
  • landing of Nikias and his forces in the Great Harbor of, B. C. 415, vii. 219;
  • defensive measures of, after the battle near the Olympieion, vii. 228;
  • embassy from, to Corinth and Sparta, B. C. 415, vii. 235;
  • local condition and fortifications of, in the spring of B. C. 414, vii. 244;
  • localities outside the walls of, vii. 245;
  • possibilities of the siege of, B. C. 415 and 414, vii. 245;
  • siege of, B. C. 414, vii. 248 seq.;
  • battle near, B. C. 414, vii. 255 seq.;
  • entrance of the Athenian fleet into the Great Harbor at, B. C. 414, vii. 256;
  • approach of Gylippus to, vii. 262 seq.;
  • arrival of Gylippus and Gongylus at, vii. 265;
  • expedition to, under Demosthenês B. C. 413, vii. 289;
  • Athenian victory in the harbor of, B. C. 413, vii. 291;
  • defeat of a Sicilian reinforcement to, B. C. 413, vii. 295;
  • disadvantages of the Athenian fleet in the harbor of, vii. 296;
  • arrival of Demosthenês at, vii. 301, 303;
  • philo-Athenians at, during the siege, vii. 311 n.;
  • increase of force and confidence in, after the night attack upon Epipolæ, vii. 314;
  • postponement of the Athenians’ retreat from, by an eclipse of the moon, vii. 315;
  • number and variety of forces engaged at, vii. 318;
  • postponement of the Athenians’ retreat from, by Hermokratês, vii. 330;
  • retreat of the Athenians from, vii. 331 seq.;
  • number and treatment of Athenian prisoners at, vii. 344 seq.;
  • topography of, and the operations during the Athenian siege, vii. 401 seq.;
  • rally of Athens during the year after the disaster at, viii. 1;
  • reinforcement from, in aid of Sparta, B. C. 368, x. 258;
  • after the destruction of the Athenian armament, x. 383, 389 seq.;
  • and the quarrel between Selinus and Egesta, B. C. 410, x. 403 seq.;
  • embassy from, to Hannibal, at Selinus, x. 409;
  • aid from, to Himera, against Hannibal, x. 410, 411;
  • attempts of Hermokrates to enter, x. 416 seq.;
  • first appearance of Dionysius at, x. 420;
  • discord at, B. C. 407, x. 421;
  • reinforcement from, to Agrigentum, x. 426;
  • movement of the Hermokratean party at, to raise Dionysius to power, x. 432;
  • Dionysius one of the generals at, 434 seq.;
  • return of the Hermokratean exiles to, x. 436;
  • return of Dionysius from Gela, to, B. C. 405, x. 429;
  • establishment of Dionysius as despot at, x. 444 seq., 454;
  • re-distribution of property at, by Dionysius, x. 459 seq.;
  • locality of, x. 470;
  • additional fortifications at, by Dionysius, x. 471 seq.;
  • plunder of Carthaginians at, by permission of Dionysius, x. 482;
  • provisions of Dionysius for the defence of, against the Carthaginians, B. C. 396, x. 494;
  • retreat of Dionysius from, to Katana, B. C. 395, x. 497;
  • siege of, by Imilkon, x. 498 seq.;
  • Carthaginians before, x. 498 seq., 506 seq.;
  • exultation at, over the burning of the Carthaginian fleet at Daskon, x. 509;
  • new constructions and improvements by Dionysius at, xi. 39;
  • feeling at, towards Dionysius the Younger and Dion, B. C. 357, xi. 86;
  • Dion’s march from Herakleia to, xi. 90;
  • Timokrates, governor of, xi. 92 seq.;
  • Dion’s entries into, B. C. 357 and B. C. 356, xi. 92 seq., 110;
  • flight of Dionysius the Younger from, to Lokri, xi. 104;
  • rescue of, by Dion, xi. 108 seq.;
  • condition of, B. C. 353-344, xi. 129 seq.;
  • return of Dionysius the Younger to, xi. 132;
  • first arrival of Timoleon at, xi. 149;
  • return of Timoleon from Adranum to, xi. 158;
  • flight of Magon from, xi. 159 seq.;
  • Timoleon’s temptations and conduct on becoming master of, xi. 163 seq.;
  • Timoleon’s recall of exiles to, xi. 166;
  • desolate condition of, on coming into the hands of Timoleon, xi. 166, 167;
  • efforts of Corinth to reconstitute, xi. 167, 168;
  • influx of colonists to, on the invitation of Corinth and Timoleon, xi. 169;
  • Timoleon marches from, against the Carthaginians, xi. 172 seq.;
  • Timoleon lays down his power at, xi. 185;
  • great influence of Timoleon at, after his resignation, xi. 186, 193;
  • residence of Timoleon at, xi. 190;
  • Timoleon in the public assembly of, xi. 190 seq.;
  • the constitution established by Timoleon at, exchanged for a democracy, [xii. 393];
  • expedition from, to Krotôn, about B. C. 320, [xii. 397];
  • revolutions at, about B. C. 320, [xii. 399], 400;
  • massacre at, by Agathokles in collusion with Hamilkar, [xii. 401] seq.;
  • Agathokles constituted despot of, [xii. 402];
  • Hamilkar’s unsuccessful attempt to take, [xii. 422] seq.;
  • barbarities of Agathokles at, after his African expedition, [xii. 446].
• Syrians, not distinguished from Assyrians in Greek authors, iii. 290 n.
• Syrphax, [xii. 90].
• Syssitia, or public mess at Sparta, ii. 381.

• T.
• Tachos, x. 361 seq.
• Tagus, Thessalian, ii. 281.
• Talôs, i. 240.
• Tamos, x. 13.
• Tamynæ, Phokion’s victory at, xi. 341;
  • Demosthenes reproached for his absence from the battle of, xi. 344.
• Tanagra, battle of, v. 328;
  • reconciliation of leaders and parties at Athens, after the battle of, v. 329.
• Tantalus, i. 157.
• Taochi, and the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 109 seq.
• Taphians in Homer’s time, ii. 102.
• Taranto, fishery at, iii. 389 n. 2.
• Tarentines and Rhegians, expedition of, against the Iapygians, v. 238;
  • and Mesapians, [xii. 394].
• Tarentum, foundation of cities in the Gulf of, i. 230;
  • Greek settlements on the Gulf of, iii. 384;
  • foundation and position of, iii. 387 seq.
• Tarsus, origin of, i. 85 n., iii. 277;
  • Cyrus the Younger at, ix. 20 seq.;
  • Alexander at, [xii. 112].
• Tartarus, i. 4, 8, 9.
• Tartessus, iii. 274;
  • not visited by Greeks before B. C. 630, iii. 277;
  • Kôlæus’s voyage to, iii. 278.
• Tauri in the Crimea, iii. 245.
• Tauromenium, iii. 362;
  • commencement of, x. 493;
  • repulse of Dionysius at, xi. 5;
  • capture of, by Dionysius, xi. 8;
  • Timoleon at, xi. 146.
• Taurus, [xii. 182] n. 2.
• Taurus, Mount, Alexander at, [xii. 111].
• Taxiarch, ii. 460.
• Taxila, Alexander at, [xii. 227].
• Tearless Battle, the, x. 265 seq.
• Tegea and Mantinea, ii. 443 seq., vi. 452, vii. 13;
  • and Sparta, ii. 447 seq.;
  • bones of Orestês taken from, ii. 448;
  • refusal of, to join Argos, B. C. 421, vii. 19;
  • plans of the Argeian allies against, B. C. 418, vii. 76;
  • march of Agis to the relief of, B. C. 418, vii. 77;
  • revolution at, B. C. 370, x. 209;
  • seizure of Arcadians at, by the Theban harmost, x. 324 seq.;
  • Epaminondas at, B. C. 362, x. 329, 330, 333, 335 seq.;
  • march of Epaminondas from, B. C. 362, x. 333 seq.
• Tegyra, victory of Pelopidas at, x. 134.
• Teian inscriptions, iii. 186 n.
• Telamôn, i. 189 seq.
• Telegonus, i. 315.
• Têlekus, conquests of, ii. 421;
  • death of, ii. 425.
• Teleontes, iii. 51.
• Têlephus, i. 177, 292.
• Teleutius and Agesilaus, capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, and of Lechæum by, ix. 339 seq.;
  • expedition of, to Rhodes, ix. 364, 368;
  • at Ægina, ix. 373, 376;
  • attack of, on the Peiræus, ix. 377 seq.;
  • at Olynthus, x. 65 seq.
• Têlinês, iv. 106 n., v. 208 seq.
• Telys, of Sybaris, iv. 412 seq.
• Temenion and Solygeius, ii. 309.
• Temenus, Kresphontês, and Aristodêmus, ii. 2 seq.;
  • and Kresphontês, family of, lowest in the series of subjects for heroic drama, ii. 10.
• Temnos, situation of, iii. 191 n. 1.
• Tempe, remarks of Herodotus on the legend of, i. 400;
  • Delphian procession to, ii. 275 n. 2;
  • Grecian army sent to defend, against Xerxes, v. 68;
  • abandonment of the defence of, against Xerxes, v. 69 seq.
• Temple of Eleusis built by order of Dêmêtêr, i. 40.
• Tenedos, continental settlements of, iii. 195;
  • recovery of, by Macedonian admiralty, [xii. 141].
• Ten, appointment of the, at Athens, viii. 271;
  • measures of the, at Athens, viii. 272;
  • peace between the, at Athens, and Thrasybulus, viii. 279 seq.;
  • treatment of the, at Athens, B. C. 403, viii. 293.
• Ten generals appointed to succeed Alkibiadês, viii. 159.
• Tennes, the Sidonian prince, xi. 438.
• Ten Thousand Greeks, position and circumstances of, ix. 11;
  • commencement of their retreat, ix. 52;
  • Persian heralds to, on commencing their retreat, ix. 52;
  • negotiations and convention of Tissaphernes with, ix. 59 seq.;
  • quarrel of, with Ariæus, ix. 63;
  • retreating march of, under Tissaphernes, ix. 63 seq.;
  • at the Tigris, ix. 65 seq.;
  • at the Greater Zab, ix. 69;
  • summoned by Ariæus to surrender, ix. 76;
  • distress of, after the seizure of the generals, ix. 76;
  • new generals appointed by, ix. 80;
  • great ascendency of Xenophon over, ix. 83 seq.;
  • crossing of the Great Zab by, ix. 88;
  • harassing attacks of the Persian cavalry on, ix. 88 seq.;
  • retreat of, along the Tigris, ix. 90 seq.;
  • and the Karduchians, ix. 96 seq.;
  • at the Kentritês, ix. 100 seq.;
  • in Armenia, ix. 102 seq.;
  • and the Chalybes, ix. 107 seq.;
  • and the Taochi, ix. 107 seq.;
  • and the Skythine, ix. 110;
  • first sight of the Euxine by, ix. 111;
  • and the Makrônes, ix. 112;
  • and the Kolchians, ix. 112, 127;
  • at Trapezus, ix. 113, 124 seq.;
  • geography of the retreat of, ix. 115 seq.;
  • feelings of the Greeks on the Euxine towards, ix. 123 seq.;
  • leave Trapezus, ix. 127;
  • at Kerasus, ix. 127;
  • march of, to Kotyôra, ix. 128;
  • at Kotyôra, ix. 129 seq.;
  • and the Paphlagonians, ix. 144;
  • sail to Sinopê, ix. 144;
  • at Herakleia, ix. 146;
  • at Kalpê, ix. 147;
  • and Kleander, ix. 149 seq., 164;
  • and Anaxibius, ix. 154 seq., 163;
  • and Seuthes, ix. 154, 165 seq.;
  • after leaving Byzantium, ix. 163 seq.;
  • and Aristarchus, ix. 164 seq.;
  • under the Lacedæmonians, ix. 168, 173, 206, 214;
  • in Mysia, ix. 172 seq.;
  • Xenophon’s farewell of, ix. 175;
  • effects of their retreat on the Greek mind, ix. 179 seq.
• Ten Thousand, the Pan-Arcadian, x. 232.
• Teôs, foundation of, iii. 185;
  • inscriptions of, iii. 186 n.;
  • emigration from, on the conquest of Harpagus, iv. 203;
  • loss of, to Athens, B. C. 412, vii. 383;
  • capture of, by the Lacedæmonians, viii. 154.
• Tereus, i. 196.
• Terpander, ii. 141;
  • musical improvements of, iv. 75.
• Tethys, i. 5, 6.
• Teukrians, the, i. 335;
  • and Mysians, ethnical affinities and migrations of, iii. 208 seq.
• Teukrus, i. 189.
• Teukrus, the metic, vii. 195, 197, 205 n. 1.
• Teuthrania mistaken by the Greeks for Troy, i. 292.
• Teutonic and Scandinavian epic, its analogy with the Grecian, i. 479 seq.;
  • points of distinction between the Grecian and, i. 481.
• Thais and the burning of the palace of Persepolis, [xii. 176 n. 3].
• Thales, Xenophanês, and Pythagoras, i. 367 seq.;
  • predictions ascribed to, ii. 116;
  • alleged prediction of an eclipse of the sun by, iii. 231 n. 3;
  • suggestion of, respecting the twelve Ionic cities in Asia, iii. 259;
  • philosophy and celebrity of, iv. 381 seq.
• Thaletas, iv. 83, 86.
• Thamyris, analogy between the story of, and that of Marsyas, iii. 214.
• Thanatos, i. 7.
• Thapsakus, Cyrus the Younger end his forces at, ix. 29 seq.;
  • Alexander crosses the Euphrates at, [xii. 150].
• Thasos, island of, iv. 25;
  • attempted revolt of, from the Persians, iv. 313;
  • contribution levied by Xerxes on, v. 42;
  • revolt of, from the confederacy of Delos, v. 310;
  • blockade and conquest of, B. C. 464-463, v. 312;
  • application of, to Sparta, for aid against Athens, v. 312;
  • expulsion of the Lacedæmonians from, viii. 127;
  • reduction of, by Thrasyllus, viii. 144;
  • slaughter at, by Lysander, viii. 222.
• Thaumas, i. 7.
• Theagenes of Rhegium, the first to allegorize mythical narratives, v. i. 418.
• Theagenes, despot of Megara, iii. 44.
• Theagenes of Thasus, statue of, 17, v. n. 2.
• Theatre, Athenian, accessibility of, to the poorest citizens, viii. 320.
• Thebaïd of Antimachus, i. 268.
• Thebaïs, the Cyclic, i. 268;
  • ascribed to Homer, ii. 129.
• Theban contingent of Leonidas, doubts about, v. 91, 95;
  • leaders put to death after the battle of Platæa, v. 187;
  • prisoners in the night-surprise at Platæa, slaughter of, vi. 118 seq.;
  • military column, depth of, vi. 386, 390;
  • band of Three Hundred, vi. 387;
  • exiles at Athens, x. 61, 80 seq.
• Thebans and Æginetans, i. 184;
  • against the seven chiefs, i. 273;
  • application of, to Ægina, for assistance against Athens, iv. 172;
  • and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 76;
  • defeated by the Athenians at Platæa, v. 179;
  • night-surprise of Platæa by, B. C. 431, vi. 114 seq.;
  • capture of, in the night-surprise of Platæa, vi. 116 seq.;
  • captured in the night-surprise of Platæa, slaughter of, vi. 118 seq.;
  • opposition of, to peace with Athens, B. C. 404, viii. 229 n.;
  • humiliation of Agesilaus by, ix. 256;
  • application of, to Athens for aid against Sparta, B. C. 395, ix. 291 seq.;
  • at the battle of Corinth, ix. 306 n.;
  • and Spartans at the battle of Korôneia, ix. 315;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 386;
  • expulsion of the Lacedæmonians from Bœotia by, B. C. 374, x. 135;
  • invasion of Phokis by, B. C. 374, x. 136;
  • discouragement and victory of, at Leuktra, x. 177 seq.;
  • and allies, invasion of Laconia by, B. C. 370, x. 215 seq.;
  • displeasure of, with Epaminondas, B. C. 367, x. 268;
  • expeditions of, to Thessaly, to rescue Pelopidas, x. 283, 303 seq.;
  • destruction of Orchomenus by, x. 311;
  • under Pammenes, expedition of, to Megalopolis, x. 359;
  • extinction of free cities in Bœotia by, xi. 201;
  • exertions of, to raise a confederacy against the Phokians, B. C. 356, ix. 251;
  • Lokrians and Thessalians, war of, against the Phokians, B. C. 355, xi. 254;
  • assistance under Pammenes sent by, to Artabazus, xi. 257, 299;
  • assistance of, to Megalopolis against Sparta, B. C. 352-351, xi. 299 seq.;
  • obtain money from the Persian king, B. C. 350-349, xi. 302;
  • invoke the aid of Philip to put down the Phokians, xi. 375;
  • Philip declares his sympathy with, B. C. 346, xi. 421;
  • invited by Philip to assist in an attack upon Attica, B. C. 339, xi. 483 seq.;
  • and Athenians, war of, against Philip in Phokis, xi. 493, 494 seq.;
  • revolt of, against Alexander, [xii. 29] seq.
• Thêbê, xi. 204 seq.
• Thebes and Orchomenos, i. 135;
  • legends of, i. 256 seq.;
  • how founded by Kadmus, i. 258;
  • five principal families at, i. 259;
  • foundation of, by Amphiôn, i. 263;
  • poems on the sieges of, i. 266;
  • sieges of, i. 269 seq.;
  • the seven chiefs against, i. 273 seq.;
  • repulse of the seven chiefs against, i. 274 seq.;
  • the seven chiefs against death of all but Adrastus, i. 276;
  • the seven chiefs against, burial of the fallen, i. 277;
  • second siege of, i. 279, 280;
  • early legislation of, ii. 297;
  • and Platæa, disputes between, iv. 166;
  • summoned to give up its leaders after the battle of Platæa, v. 186;
  • discredit of, for its Medism, v. 314;
  • supremacy of, in Bœotia restored by Sparta, v. 314, 327;
  • mastery of Athens over, B. C. 456, v. 331;
  • reinforcements from, in support of the night-surprise at Platæa, vi. 114 seq.;
  • hard treatment of Thespiæ by, B. C. 423, vi. 452;
  • altered feeling of, after the capture of Athens by Lysander, viii. 259, 264, 275;
  • and Sparta, war between, B. C. 395, ix. 289 seq.;
  • revolt of Orchomenos from, to Sparta, ix. 293;
  • alliance of, with Athens, Corinth, and Argos, against Sparta, ix. 301;
  • increased importance of, B. C. 395, ix. 301;
  • alarm at, and proposals of peace from, on the Lacedæmonian capture of the Long Walls at Corinth, ix. 341;
  • envoys from, to Agesilaus, ix. 347, 352;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, x. 12;
  • proceedings of Sparta against, after the peace of Antalkidas, x. 28 seq.;
  • seizure of the Kadmeia at, by Phœbidas, x. 58 seq.;
  • government of, B. C. 382, x. 59 n. 1;
  • under Leontiades and other philo-Laconian oligarchs, x. 79 seq.;
  • conspiracy against the philo-Laconian oligarchy at, x. 81 seq.;
  • alliance of, with Athens, B. C. 378, x. 102;
  • state of, after the revolution of, B. C. 379, x. 119;
  • the Sacred Band at, x. 120;
  • expeditions of Agesilaus against, B. C. 378 and 377, x. 127 seq.;
  • displeasure of Athens against, B. C. 474, x. 134, 158;
  • dealings of, with Platæa and Thespiæ, B. C. 372, x. 159 seq.;
  • exclusion of, from the peace of B. C. 371, x. 167 seq.;
  • increased power of, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 193;
  • and Sparta, alleged arbitration of the Achæans between, after the battle of Leuktra, x. 199 n.;
  • influence of, in Thessaly, B. C. 369, x. 248;
  • alienation of the Arcadians from, B. C. 368, x. 259 seq.;
  • assassination of Euphron at, x. 273 seq.;
  • application of, to Persia, B. C. 367, x. 277 seq.;
  • Persian rescript in favor of, x. 278 seq.;
  • protest of the Arcadians against the headship of, x. 281;
  • peace of Corinth, Epidaurus an Phlius with, B. C. 366, x. 290 seq.;
  • opposition of the Mantineans and other Arcadians to, B. C. 362, x. 326;
  • power of, B. C. 360-359, xi. 200 seq.;
  • Philip at, xi. 207 seq.;
  • Eubœa rescued from, by Athens, B. C. 358, xi. 217 seq.;
  • accusation of, against Sparta before the Amphiktyonic assembly, xi. 243;
  • accusation of, against Phokis before the Amphiktyonic assembly, xi. 243;
  • the Phokians countenanced by Athens and Sparta as rivals of, xi. 262;
  • envoys to Philip from, B. C. 346, xi. 405, 408;
  • and Athens, unfriendly relations between, B. C. 339, xi. 484;
  • mission of Demosthenês to, B. C. 339, xi. 486 seq.;
  • and Athens, alliance of, against Philip, B. C. 339, xi. 490;
  • severity of Philip towards, after the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 505;
  • march of Alexander from Thrace to, [xii. 36];
  • capture and destruction of, by Alexander, [xii. 37] seq.;
  • restored by Kassander, [xii. 441].
• Thebes in Egypt, iii. 312.
• Theft, laws of, at Athens, iii. 142.
• Theia, i. 5.
• Themis, i. 5, 10.
• Themistoklês, character of, iv. 337 seq.;
  • and Aristeidês, rivalry between, v. 50, 273;
  • change of Athens from a land-power to a sea-power proposed by, v. 52;
  • long-sighted views of, in creating a navy at Athens, v. 53, 293 n. 2;
  • and the Laurian mines, v. 54;
  • his explanation of the answer of the Delphian oracle on Xerxes’s invasion, v. 61;
  • prevails upon the Greeks to stay and fight at Artemisium, v. 97 seq.;
  • inscribed invitations of, to the Ionians under Xerxes, v. 102;
  • activity and resource of, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 110;
  • opposes the removal of the Greek fleet from Salamis to the isthmus of Corinth, v. 121 seq.;
  • and Eurybiadês at Salamis, v. 123 n.;
  • and Adeimantus of Corinth, at Salamis, v. 122, 125;
  • his message to Xerxes before the battle of Salamis, v. 126;
  • his message to Xerxes after the battle of Salamis, v. 139;
  • levies fines on the Cyclades, v. 141;
  • honors rendered to, after the battle of Salamis, v. 146;
  • alleged proposal of, to burn all the Grecian ships except the Athenian, v. 203 n. 2;
  • stratagem of, respecting the fortification of Athens, v. 244 seq.;
  • plans of, for the naval aggrandizement of Athens, v. 248 seq.;
  • persuades the Athenians to build twenty new triremes annually, v. 252;
  • and Pausanias, v. 273, 282;
  • opponents and corruption of, after the Persian war, v. 278 seq.;
  • and Timokreon, v. 278;
  • first accusation of treason against, v. 280;
  • two accusations of treason against, v. 280 n. 1;
  • ostracism of, v. 281, 282 n. 1;
  • second accusation of treason against, v. 382;
  • flight and adventures of, on charge of Medism, v. 283 seq.;
  • and Admêtus, v. 283;
  • and Artaxerxes Longimanus, v. 285 seq.;
  • in Persia, v. 285 seq.;
  • rewards and death of, v. 287 seq.
• Theodôrus of Samos, iv. 98 n.
• Theodôrus the Syracusan, speech of, against Dionysius, x. 501 seq.
• Theognis, iii. 44, iv. 92.
• Theogony of the Greeks not a cosmogony, i. 2;
  • of Hesiod, i. 3;
  • Orphic, i. 17 seq.;
  • Hesiodic and Orphic, compared, i. 20 seq.;
  • Hesiodic legend of Pandôra in, i. 75.
• Theoklês, the founder of Naxos, in Sicily, iii. 361;
  • expels the Sikels from Leontini and Katana, iii. 363.
• Theology, triple, of the pagan world, i. 439.
• Theophrastus, the phytologist, i. 360 n.;
  • his treatment of mythes, i. 412.
• Theopompus, the Spartan king, ii. 424 nn.
• Theopompus, the historian, on the Spartan empire, ix. 195 n.
• Theôric Board at Athens, creation of, ix. 379.
• Theôric Fund, allusions of Demosthenês to, xi. 334, 338;
  • motion of Apollodorus about, xi. 348;
  • not appropriated to war purposes till just before the battle of Chæroneia, xi. 353;
  • true character of, xi. 353 seq.;
  • attempt of the Athenian property-classes to evade direct taxation by recourse to, xi. 357;
  • application of, to military purposes, xi. 492.
• Theôrikon, viii. 321.
• Theôrs, ii. 243.
• Thêra, ii. 27;
  • foundation of Kyrênê from, iv. 29 seq.
• Theramenês, Peloponnesian fleet under, vii. 388;
  • statement of, respecting the Four Hundred, viii. 13 n. 2;
  • expedition of, to the Hellespont, viii. 118;
  • accusation of the generals at Arginusæ by, viii. 181 seq.;
  • probable conduct of, at Arginusæ, viii. 185 seq., 187 n.;
  • first embassy of, to Sparta, viii. 227;
  • second embassy of, to Sparta, viii. 228;
  • and the executions by the Thirty, viii. 241, 242, 245;
  • and Kritias, dissentient views of, viii. 241 seq., 249;
  • exasperation of the majority of the Thirty against, viii. 249;
  • denunciation of, by Kritias in the senate, viii. 249;
  • reply of, to Kritins’s denunciation in the senate, viii. 251;
  • condemnation and death of, vii. 253 seq.
• Theramenês the Athenian, viii. 19;
  • his opposition to the Four Hundred, viii. 58 seq.;
  • his impeachment of the embassy of the Four Hundred to Sparta, viii. 84 seq.
• Therimachus, ix. 366.
• Therma, Xerxes’s movements from, to Thermopylæ, v. 83;
  • capture of, by Archestratus, vi. 70.
• Thermaic Gulf, original occupants on, iv. 13.
• Thermopylæ, Greeks north of, in the first two centuries, ii. 274;
  • Phokian defensive wall at, ii. 283;
  • resolution of Greeks to defend against Xerxes, v. 71;
  • the pass of, v. 73 seq.;
  • path over Mount Œta avoiding, v. 73;
  • movements of Xerxes from Therma to, v. 83;
  • impressions of Xerxes about the defenders at, v. 86;
  • repeated Persian attacks upon, repulsed, v. 87;
  • debate among the defenders of, when the Persians approached their rear, v. 89;
  • manœuvres ascribed to Xerxes respecting the dead at, v. 103;
  • numbers slain at, on both sides, v. 103;
  • inscriptions commemorative of the battle at, v. 104;
  • effect of the battle of, on the Greeks and Xerxes, v. 105 seq.;
  • conduct of the Peloponnesians after the battle of, v. 106;
  • hopeless situation of the Athenians after the battle of, v. 106;
  • Onomarchus at, xi. 256;
  • Philip checked at, by the Athenians, xi. 296;
  • position of Phalækus at, B. C. 347-346, xi. 374, 418;
  • application of the Phokians to Athens for aid against Philip at, B. C. 347, xi. 376;
  • importance of, to Philip and Athens, B. C. 347, xi. 378;
  • march of Philip to, B. C. 346, xi. 407 seq.;
  • plans of Philip against, B. C. 346, xi. 410;
  • letters of Philip inviting the Athenians to join him at, xi. 417;
  • Phokians at, B. C. 347-346, xi. 418 seq.;
  • surrender of, to Philip, xi. 421;
  • professions of Philip after his conquest of, xi. 424;
  • special meeting of the Amphiktyous at, B. C. 339, xi. 479.
• Thermus, ii. 291.
• Thêro of Agrigentum and Gelo, v. 220 seq.;
  • and Hiero, v. 228;
  • severe treatment of Himeræans by, v. 228;
  • death of, v. 230.
• Thersander, the Orchomenian, at the Theban banquet to Mardonius, v. 160.
• Thersitês, i. 298, ii. 70 seq.
• Therseium at Athens, v. 306.
• Thêseus, i. 169, 207 seq.;
  • and the Minôtaur, i. 223;
  • obtains burial for the fallen chiefs against Thêbes, i. 277;
  • the political reforms of, ii. 21;
  • and Menestheus, ii. 22;
  • restoration of the sons of, to his kingdom, ii. 23;
  • consolidation of Attica by, iii. 69;
  • bones of, conveyed to Athens, v. 304.
• Thesmoi, iii. 76.
• Thesmophoria, festival of, i. 44.
• Thesmothetæ, iii. 74.
• Thespiæ, hard treatment of, by Thebes, B. C. 423, vi. 452;
  • severity of Thebes towards, B. C. 372, x. 162.
• Thespian contingent of Leonidas, v. 91.
• Thespians, distress of, caused by Xerxes’s invasion, v. 91 n. 1;
  • at the battle of Leuktra, x. 180;
  • expulsion of, from Bœotia, after the buds of Leuktra, x. 195.
• Thespis and Solon, story of, iii. 146.
• Thesprotians, iii. 414 seq.
• Thessalian cities, disorderly confederacy of, ii. 282;
  • and Athenian cavalry, skirmishes of, with Archidamus, vi. 134;
  • cavalry sent home by Alexander, [xii. 181].
• Thessalians, migration of, from Thesprôtis to Thessaly, ii. 14;
  • non-Hellenic character of, ii. 15;
  • and their dependants in the first two centuries, ii. 274 seq.;
  • character and condition of, ii. 276 seq.;
  • and Xerxes’s invasion, v. 67, 69;
  • alliance of, with Athens and Argos, about B. C. 461, v. 320;
  • Thebans, and Lokrians, war of, with the Phokians, B. C. 355, xi. 254.
• Thessalus, son of Kimon, impeachment of Alkibiadês by, vii. 210.
• Thessaly, affinities of, with Bœotia, ii. 17;
  • quadruple division of, ii. 281;
  • power of, when united, ii. 283;
  • Athenian march against, B. C. 454, v. 382;
  • Brasidas’s march through, to Thrace, vi. 399 seq.;
  • Lacedæmonian reinforcements to Brasidas prevented from passing through, vi. 449;
  • state of, B. C. 370, x. 248;
  • influence of Thebes in, B. C. 369, x. 248;
  • expedition of Pelopidas to, B. C. 369, x. 248;
  • expedition of Pelopidas to, B. C. 368, x. 263;
  • expeditions of Pelopidas to, x. 264 n. 2;
  • mission of Pelopidas to, B. C. 366, x. 282;
  • expedition of Pelopidas to, B. C. 363, x. 303, 307 seq.;
  • despots of, xi. 202 seq.;
  • first expedition of Philip into, against the despots of Pheræ, xi. 261, 292, 295 n. 2;
  • second expedition of Philip into, against the despots of Pheræ, xi. 292;
  • victory of Leosthenes over Antipater in, [xii. 315].
• Thêtes in legendary Greece, ii. 100;
  • in Attica immediately before Solon’s legislation, iii. 94 seq.;
  • mutiny of, iii. 97.
• Thetis and Pêleus, i. 187.
• Thimbron, expedition of, to Asia, ix. 208;
  • defeat and death of, ix. 362, [xii. 429] seq.
• Thirlwall’s opinion on the partition of land ascribed to Lykurgus, ii. 401 seq., 404, 407 seq.
• Thirty at Athens, nomination of, viii. 236;
  • proceedings of, viii. 239 seq.;
  • executions by, viii. 240 seq., 243 seq., 247 seq.;
  • discord among, viii. 243;
  • three thousand hoplites nominated by, viii. 246;
  • disarming of hoplites by, viii. 247;
  • murders and spoliations by, viii. 247, 256;
  • tyranny of, after the death of Theramenês, viii. 256;
  • intellectual teaching forbidden by, viii. 257;
  • and Sokratês, viii. 258;
  • growing insecurity of, viii. 259;
  • disgust in Greece at the enormities of, viii. 262;
  • repulse and defeat of, by Thrasybulus at Phylê, viii. 265;
  • seizure and execution of prisoners at Eleusis and Salamis by, viii. 267;
  • defeat of, by Thrasybulus at Peiræus, viii. 269 seq.;
  • deposition of, viii. 271;
  • reaction against, on the arrival of king Pausanias, viii. 275;
  • flight of the survivors of the, viii. 280;
  • treatment of, B. C. 403, viii. 292;
  • oppression and suffering of Athens under the, ix. 185;
  • Athens rescued from the, ix. 185;
  • the knights or horsemen supporters of the, ix. 186;
  • Athens under the, a specimen of the Spartan empire, ix. 187;
  • compared with the Lysandrian Dekarchies, ix. 188;
  • and Kallibius, ix. 188;
  • put down by the Athenians themselves, ix. 198.
• Thorax and Xenophon, ix. 134 seq.
• Thrace, Chalkidic colonies in, iv. 22 seq.;
  • Greek settlements east of the Strymôn in, iv. 25;
  • conquest of, by the Persians under Darius, iv. 273;
  • and Macedonia, march of Mardonius into, iv. 373;
  • contributions levied by Xerxes on towns in, v. 41;
  • Brasidas’s expedition to, vi. 370, 397 seq.;
  • war continued in, the one year’s truce between Athens and Sparta, vi. 438;
  • Alkibiadês and Thrasybulus in, B. C. 407, viii. 144;
  • Iphikrates in, between B. C. 387-378, x. 106 seq.;
  • Iphikrates in, B. C. 368-365, x. 250 seq.;
  • Philip in, B. C. 351, xi. 306, and B. C. 346, xi. 402, 404, and B. C. 342-341, xi. 450 seq.;
  • Alexander’s expedition into, [xii. 22] seq.;
  • march of Alexander from, to Thebes, [xii. 36].
• Thracian influence upon Greece, i. 31;
  • race in the north of Asia Minor, iii. 207;
  • Chersonesus, iv. 27;
  • subject-allies of Athens not oppressed by her, vi. 404 seq.;
  • mercenaries under Diitrephês, vii. 356 seq.
• Thracians in the time of Herodotus and Thucydides, ii. 88;
  • and Phrygians, affinities between, iii. 208 seq., 212;
  • affinities and migrations of, iii. 208 seq.;
  • numbers and abode of, iv. 15;
  • general character of, iv. 15 seq.;
  • Asiatic characteristics of, iv. 17;
  • venality of, vi. 217 n. 2.
• Thrasius, xi. 173, 180.
• Thrasybulus of Syracuse, v. 232 seq.
• Thrasybulus, the Athenian, speech of, at Samos, viii. 47;
  • efforts of, at Samoa, in favor of Alkibiadês, viii. 50;
  • in Thrace, viii. 144;
  • accusation of the generals at Arginusæ by, viii. 182 seq.;
  • flight of, from Attica, viii. 242;
  • occupation of Phylê, and repulse and defeat of the Thirty by, viii. 265;
  • occupation of Peiræus by, viii. 268;
  • victory of, over the Thirty at Peiræus, viii. 269 seq.;
  • increasing strength of, at Peiræus, vii. 273;
  • straitened condition of, in Peiræus, viii. 274;
  • at Peiræus, king Pausanias’s attack upon, viii. 276;
  • and the Ten at Athens, peace between, viii. 277;
  • and the exiles, restoration of, to Athens, viii. 279;
  • assistance of, to Evander and others, viii. 306 n. 2;
  • honorary reward to, viii. 309;
  • aid to the Thebans by, ix. 295;
  • acquisitions of, in the Hellespont and Bosporus, ix. 366;
  • victory of, in Lesbos, ix. 367;
  • death and character of, ix. 367.
• Thrasydæus, v. 226;
  • cruel government, defeat, and death of, v. 228, ix. 223, 226.
• Thrasyklês and Strombichidês, expedition of, to Chios, vii. 374.
• Thrasyllus, vii. 73, 74;
  • at Samos, B. C. 411, viii. 46, 48;
  • at Lesbos, viii. 101;
  • eluded by Mindarus, viii. 102;
  • at Elæus, viii. 109;
  • repulse of Agis by, viii. 128;
  • expedition of, to Ionia, viii. 129;
  • and Alkibiadês, at the Hellespont, viii. 130.
• Thrasylochus and Demosthenês, xi. 268 n. 2.
• Thrasymachus, rhetorical precepts of, viii. 370;
  • doctrine of, in Plato’s Republic, viii. 390 seq.
• Three thousand, nominated the Thirty at Athens, viii. 246.
• Thucydidês, altered intellectual and ethical standard in the age of, i. 366;
  • his treatment of ancient mythes, i. 391, 405 seq.;
  • his version of the Trojan war, i. 405 seq.;
  • on the dwellings of the earliest Greeks, ii. 109;
  • his date for the return of the Herakleids, ii. 13;
  • silence of, on the treaty between Athens and Persia, v. 336;
  • descent of, vi. 12 n. 2;
  • various persons named, vi. 28 n. 2;
  • his division of the year, vi. 114 n. 2;
  • his judgment respecting Periklês, vi. 173, 176;
  • first mention of Kleon by, vi. 244;
  • reflections of, on the Korkyræan massacre, B. C. 427, vi. 278 seq.;
  • structure of his history, vi. 309 n.;
  • judgment of, on Kleon’s success at Pylus, vi. 347 seq.;
  • on Kythêra, vi. 364 n.;
  • and the capitulation of Amphipolis to Brasidas, vi. 409, 410, 412 seq.;
  • banishment of, vi. 413 seq.;
  • on Kleon’s views and motives in desiring war, B. C. 422, vi. 456 seq., 459;
  • passages of, on the battle of Amphipolis, vi. 405 nn., 466 n., 468 n.;
  • feelings of, towards Brasidas and Kleon, vi. 474;
  • treatment of Kleon by, vi. 474, 477 seq.;
  • dialogue set forth by, between the Athenian envoys and Executive Council of Mêlos, vii. 109 seq., 115 seq.;
  • his favorable judgment of the Athenians at the restoration of the democracy, B. C. 411, viii. 90 seq.;
  • study of, by Demosthenes, xi. 269.
• Thucydides, son of Melesias, v. 342;
  • rivalry of, with Periklês, vi. 15 seq.;
  • ostracised, vi. 19;
  • history of, after his ostracism, vi. 28 n. 2.
• Thurians, defeat of, by the Lucanians, xi. 13.
• Thurii, foundation of, vi. 13 seq.;
  • few Athenian settlers at, vi. 15;
  • revolution at, B. C. 413, x. 384.
• Thyania, surprise of, by the Phliasians and Chares, x. 272.
• Thyestean banquet, the, i. 162.
• Thyestes, i. 161 seq.
• Thymochares, defeat of, near Eretria, viii. 72 seq.
• Thymodes, [xii. 116], [125].
• Thynians, iii. 207.
• Thyrea, conquest of, ii. 449;
  • capture of, by Nikias, B. C. 424, vi. 366;
  • stipulation about, between Sparta and Argos, B. C. 420, vii. 27.
• Thyssagetæ, iii. 244.
• Tigris, the Ten Thousand Greeks at the, ix. 64 seq.;
  • retreat of the Ten Thousand along the, ix. 88 seq.;
  • forded by Alexander, [xii. 151];
  • voyage of Nearchus from the mouth of the Indus to that of the, [xii. 235], [236];
  • Alexander’s voyage up the, to Opis, [xii. 243].
• Tilphusios Apollo, origin of the name, i. 48.
• Timæus’s treatment of mythes, i. 410.
• Timagoras, his mission to Persia, and execution, x. 278, 280, 280 n. 1.
• Timandra, i. 168.
• Timarchus, decree of, xi. 368, 369 n.
• Timasion, and Xenophon, ix. 134 seq.
• Time, Grecian computation of, ii. 115 n. 2.
• Timegenidas, death of, v. 187.
• Timocracy of Solon, iii. 120 seq.
• Timokrates, the Rhodian, ix. 286 seq.
• Timokrates, of Syracuse, xi. 92 seq.
• Timokreon and Themistoklês, v. 279.
• Timolaus, speech of, ix. 304.
• Timoleon, appointment of, to aid Syracuse, xi. 136, 142;
  • life and character of, before B. C. 344, xi. 136 seq.;
  • and Timophanes, xi. 136 seq.;
  • preparations of, for his expedition to Syracuse, xi. 143;
  • voyage of, from Corinth to Sicily, xi. 143 seq.;
  • message from Hiketas to, xi. 144;
  • at Rhegium, xi. 144 seq.;
  • at Tauromenium, xi. 146;
  • at Adranum, xi. 148, 156;
  • first arrival of, at Syracuse, xi. 149;
  • surrender of Ortygia to, xi. 150 seq.;
  • reinforcement from Corinth to, xi. 152, 155, 157;
  • admiration excited by the successes of, xi. 152, 162;
  • advantage of Ortygia to, xi. 155;
  • return of, from Adranum to Syracuse, xi. 158;
  • Messênê declares in favor of, xi. 158;
  • capture of Epipolæ by, xi. 160;
  • favor of the gods towards, xi. 161, 179, 181;
  • ascribes his successes to the gods, xi. 163;
  • temptations and conduct of, on becoming master of Syracuse, xi. 163 seq.;
  • demolition of the Dionysian stronghold in Ortygia by, xi. 165;
  • erection of courts of justice at Syracuse by, xi. 166;
  • recall of exiles to Syracuse, by, xi. 166;
  • capitulation of Hiketas with, at Leontini, xi. 170;
  • puts down the despots in Sicily, xi. 170, 180 seq.;
  • march of, from Syracuse against the Carthaginians, xi. 172 seq.;
  • and Thrasius, xi. 172, 180;
  • victory of, over the Carthaginians at the Krimêsus, xi. 174 seq.;
  • and Mamerkus, xi. 180 seq.;
  • partial defeats of his troops, xi. 180;
  • victory of, over Hiketas at the Damurias, xi. 181;
  • surrender of Leontini and Hiketas to, xi. 182;
  • peace of, with the Carthaginians, xi. 182;
  • capture of Messênê and Hippon by, xi. 184;
  • lays down his power at Syracuse, xi. 185;
  • great influence of, after his resignation at Syracuse, xi. 186, 193;
  • and the immigration of new Greek settlers into Sicily, xi. 188 seq.;
  • residence of, at Syracuse, xi. 190;
  • in the public assembly at Syracuse, xi. 190 seq.;
  • uncorrupted moderation and public spirit of, xi. 192;
  • freedom and prosperity in Sicily, introduced by, xi. 193;
  • death and obsequies of, xi. 194;
  • and Dion, contrast between, xi. 196 seq.;
  • the constitution established at Syracuse by, exchanged for an oligarchy, [xii. 393].
• Timomachus in the Hellespont, x. 373.
• Timophanes and Timoleon, xi. 136 seq.
• Timotheus, son of Konon, x. 110;
  • circumnavigation of Peloponnesus by, x. 132;
  • at Zakynthus, x. 141;
  • appointment of, to aid Korkyra, B. C. 373, x. 144;
  • delay of, in aiding Korkyra, x. 146 seq., 147 n.;
  • and Iphikrates, x. 149, 288, 299 n. 2;
  • trial and acquittal of, x. 153 seq., 154 n.;
  • expedition of, to Asia Minor, B. C. 366, x. 252, 294 seq.;
  • and Charidemus, x. 299, 300;
  • successes of, in Macedonia and Chalkidikê, B. C. 365-364, x. 300;
  • failure of, at Amphipolis, B. C. 364, x. 301;
  • and Kotys, x. 302;
  • in the Chersonese, B. C. 363, x. 302, 306, 368;
  • in the Hellespont, B. C. 357, xi. 224;
  • accusation of, by Chares, xi. 226 seq., 228 n. 4;
  • arrogance and unpopularity of, xi. 227;
  • exile and death of, xi. 229.
• Timotheus, of the Pontic Herakleia, [xii. 465].
• Tiribazus and The Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 99, 102;
  • embassy of Antalkidas, Konon, and others to, ix. 359 seq.;
  • and Antalkidas at, Susa, ix. 383;
  • and the peace of Antalkidas, ix. 385;
  • and Orontes, x. 22, 23.
• Tisamenus, son of Orestes, ii. 4, 7, 8 n. 1.
• Tisamenus, the Athenian, decree of, viii. 295.
• Tisiphonus, despot at Pheræ, xi. 205.
• Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus, embassy from, to Sparta, B. C. 413, vii. 366;
  • and Chalkideus, treaty between, vii. 376;
  • first treaty of, with the Peloponnesians, vii. 376;
  • payment of the Peloponnesian fleet by, vii. 389;
  • and Astyochus, treaty between, vii. 395 seq.;
  • second treaty of, with the Peloponnesians, vii. 395 seq.;
  • and Lichas, at Milêtus, vii. 398;
  • double-dealing and intrigues of, with the Peloponnesian fleet, vii. 398, 400 seq.;
  • escape and advice of Alkibiades, to, viii. 3 seq.;
  • and the Greeks, Alkibiadês acts as interpreter between, viii. 5;
  • reduction of pay to the Peloponnesian fleet by, viii. 5;
  • third treaty of, with the Peloponnesians, viii. 23 seq.;
  • envoy from, to Sparta, B. C. 411, viii. 98;
  • false promises of, to Mindarus, viii. 99;
  • and the Phenician fleet at Aspendus, viii. 99, 100, 111;
  • and the Peloponnesians at the Hellespont, viii. 110 seq.;
  • Alkibiadês arrested by, viii. 120;
  • charge of, against Cyrus the Younger, ix. 7;
  • negotiations and convention of, with the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 59 seq.;
  • retreating march of the Ten Thousand under, ix. 63 seq.;
  • treachery of, towards Klearchus and other Greeks, ix. 70 seq.;
  • plan of, against the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 75;
  • attack of, on the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 90;
  • and the Asiatic Greeks, ix. 206;
  • and Derkyllidas, ix. 209, 219 seq.;
  • and Agesilaus, ix. 261, 267;
  • death of, ix. 268.
• Titanides, the, i. 4.
• Titans, the, i. 4, 5, 8;
  • the Orphic, i. 17.
• Τίθεσθαι τὰ ὅπλα, meaning of, vi. 114 n. 3, 356 n. 2, 373 n., 385 n. 2, 387 n. 2.
• Tithraustes supersedes Tissaphernes, and opens negotiations with Agesilaus, ix. 268;
  • sends an envoy to Greece against Sparta, ix. 286 seq.;
  • victory of Chares and Artabazus over, xi. 231.
• Tolmidês, voyage of, round Peloponnesus, v. 333;
  • defeat and death of, v. 348.
• Tomi, legendary origin of the name, i. 238 n. 3, [xii. 473].
• Topographical impossibilities in the legend of Troy no obstacles to its reception, i. 332;
  • criticisms inapplicable to the legend of Troy, i. 333.
• Torgium, victory of Agathokles over Deinokrates at, [xii. 447].
• Torônê, surprise and capture of, by Brasidas, vi. 422;
  • capture of, by Kleon, vi. 462.
• Torrhêbia, iii. 223.
• Torture, use of, to elicit truth, vii. 201 n.
• Town-occupations, encouragement to, at Athens, iii. 136.
• Towns, fortification of, in early Greece, ii. 108 seq.
• Trades, Grecian deities of, i. 342.
• Tradition, Greek, matter of, uncertified, i. 433;
  • fictitious matter in, does not imply fraud, i. 434.
• Træzen, removal of Athenians to, on Xerxes’s approach, v. 108.
• Tragedies, lost, of Promêtheus, i. 78 n. 2.
• Tragedy, Athenian, growth of, viii. 318;
  • Athenian, abundant production of, viii. 319;
  • Athenians, effect of, on the public mind, viii. 321;
  • Grecian, ethical sentiment in, viii. 336.
• Trapezus, legendary origin of, i. 175;
  • date of the foundation of, iii. 252 n. 2;
  • the Ten Thousand at, xi. 111, 120 seq.;
  • departure of the Ten Thousand from, ix. 127.
• Trench of Artaxerxes from the Euphrates to the wall of Media, ix. 40, 42 n. 1.
• Triballi, defeat of Philip by, xi. 462;
  • victory of Alexander over, [xii. 23].
• Tribes and demes of Kleisthenês, iv. 132 seq.
• Tribute of the subject-allies of Athens, vi. 5 n. 1, 6 n. 1.
• Trierarchic reform of Demosthenês, xi. 462 seq.
• Trinakria, town of, vii. 125.
• Triphylia, Minyæ in, ii. 27;
  • and Elis, ii. 442, x. 260, 313.
• Triphylians, ii. 303.
• Triple theology of the pagan world, i. 439;
  • partition of past time by Varro, i. 488.
• Tripolis, iii. 268.
• Trireme, equipment of a, vi. 200 n.
• Tritantæchmês, exclamation of, on the Greeks and the Olympic games, v. 113.
• Tritôn and the Argonauts, i. 239.
• Tritônis, Lake, iv. 35 n. 1;
  • prophecies about, iv. 39.
• Trittyes, iii. 52, 67 n.
• Trôad, the, i. 334.
• Trôas Alexandreia, i. 328.
• Trôas historical, and the Teukrians, i. 334.
• Trojan war, Thucydidês’s version of, i. 405 seq.;
  • the date of, ii. 38, 54.
• Trojans, allies of, i. 293;
  • new allies of, i. 298;
  • and Phrygians, i. 335.
• Trophonius and Agamêdês, i. 130.
• Trôs, i. 285.
• Troy, legend of, i. 284-340.
• Tunês, capture of, by Agathokles, [xii. 414];
  • mutiny in the army of Agathokles at, [xii. 426];
  • Archagathus blocked up by the Carthaginians at, [xii. 439], [442];
  • the Carthaginians over Agathokles near, [xii. 442];
  • nocturnal panic in the Carthaginian camp near, [xii. 442];
  • Agathokles deserts his army at, and they capitulate, [xii. 443], [444].
• Turpin, chronicle of, i. 475.
• Tychê, near Syracuse, vii. 245.
• Tydeus, i. 152, 271.
• Tyndareus, and Lêda, i. 168 seq.
• Tyndarion, vii. 121.
• Tyndaris, foundation of, xi. 4.
• Types, manifold, of the Homeric gods, i. 349.
• Typhaôn and Echidna, offspring of, i. 7.
• Typhôeus, i. 9.
• Tyre, iii. 266 seq.;
  • siege and subjugation of, by Nebuchadnezzar, iii. 332;
  • and Carthage, amicable relations between, iii. 348;
  • siege and capture of, by Alexander, [xii. 132] seq.
• Tyrô, different accounts of, i. 107.
• Tyrrhenians, O. Müller’s view of the origin of, iii. 180.
• Tyrtæus and the first Messenian war, ii. 422, 424, 427;
  • efficiency of, in the second Messenian war, ii. 431 seq.;
  • poetry of, iv. 82;
  • age and metres of, iv. 78.

• U.
• Uranos, i. 4, 5.
• Usury and the Jewish law, iii. 111 n.
• Utica, iii. 271;
  • capture of, by Agathokles, [xii. 437].
• Uxii, conquest of, by Alexander, [xii. 170].
• V.
• Varro’s triple division of pagan theology, i. 439;
  • his triple partition of past time, i. 488.
• Veneti, the, i. 319.
• Villagers regarded as inferiors by Hellens, ii. 259, 263.
• Villages numerous in early Greece, ii. 261.
• Volsunga Saga, i. 479.
• W.
• War, the first sacred, iv. 62 seq., v. 346;
  • the social, xi. 220, 231;
  • the second sacred, xi. 241 seq., 374, 421 seq.;
  • the third sacred. xi. 468.
• Wise men of Greece, seven, iv. 94 seq.
• Wolf’s Prolegomena to Homer, ii. 142;
  • his theory on the composition of the Iliad and Odyssey, ii. 150 seq.
• Women, Solon’s laws respecting, iii. 140.
• Wooden horse of Troy, the, i. 303, 309.
• “Works and Days”, races of men in, i. 64 seq.;
  • differs from the Theogony and Homer, i. 66;
  • mingled ethical and mythical sentiment in, i. 67 seq.;
  • the earliest didactic poem, i. 69;
  • personal feeling pervading, i. 71;
  • probable age of, i. 72;
  • legend of Pandôra in, i. 76;
  • general feeling of the poet in, i. 77;
  • on women, i. 77.
• Writing, unknown to Homeric and Hesiodic Greeks, ii. 116;
  • few traces of, long after the Homeric age, ii. 142;
  • among the Greeks, iv. 97.

• X.
• Xanthippus and Miltiadês, iv. 357, 365.
• Xanthippus son of Periklês, vi. 100.
• Xenarês and Kleobulus, the anti-Athenian ephors, vii. 24 seq.
• Xenias and Pasion, desertion of Cyrus by, ix. 28.
• Xenodokus, [xii. 425], [439], [441].
• Xenokrates, embassy of, to Antipater, [xii. 323], [324], [332].
• Xenophanes, his condemnation of ancient legends, i. 397;
  • Thalês, and Pythagoras, i. 367 seq.;
  • his treatment of ancient mythes, i. 418;
  • philosophy and school of, iv. 387 seq.
• Xenophôn, his treatment of ancient mythes, i. 410;
  • on Spartan women, ii. 388, 389 n. 1;
  • his Cyropædia, iii. 229 n. 2; iv. 183;
  • his version of Cyrus’s capture of Babylon, iv. 213 n.;
  • on the dikasteries, vi. 42, 46 n. 2;
  • and Plato, evidence of, about Sokratês, viii. 409 seq., 448 n. 3;
  • the preceptorial and positive exhortation of Sokrates exhibited by, viii. 450;
  • remarks of, on the accusation against Sokrates, viii. 473;
  • on the condemnation of Sokrates, viii. 482;
  • and his joining of the Cyreian army, ix. 12;
  • length of the parasang in, ix. 14 n. 3;
  • dream of, after the seizure of the generals, ix. 77;
  • address of, to the captains of the Ten Thousand, after the seizure of the generals, ix. 78;
  • chosen a general of the Ten Thousand, ix. 80;
  • first speech of, to the Ten Thousand, after being chosen a general, ix. 81 seq.;
  • great ascendancy acquired by, over the Ten Thousand, ix. 83 seq.;
  • and Cheirisophus, ix. 92, 96, 106, 107;
  • prowess of, against the Persians, ix. 92 seq.;
  • in the mountains of the Karduchians, ix. 95 seq.;
  • at the Kentritês, ix. 100 seq.;
  • propositions of, to the Ten Thousand at Trapezus, ix. 125;
  • his idea of founding a new city on the Euxine, ix. 132 seq.;
  • charges against, and speeches of, at Kotyôra, ix. 139 seq.;
  • offered the sole command of the Ten Thousand, ix. 195;
  • at Herakleia and Kalpê, ix. 146 seq.;
  • and Kleander, ix. 153, 155;
  • at Byzantium, ix. 154;
  • and Anaxibius, ix. 164, 165 seq.;
  • takes leave of the Ten Thousand, ix. 164;
  • rejoins the Ten Thousand, ix. 165;
  • and Aristarchus, ix. 166;
  • and Seuthes, ix. 154, 167 seq.;
  • his poverty and sacrifice to Zeus Meilichios, ix. 171 seq.;
  • at Pergamus in Mysia, ix. 172 seq.;
  • takes his second farewell of the Ten Thousand, ix. 174;
  • and the Cyreian army under the Lacedæmonians, ix. 174, 208, 314, 317;
  • banishment of, by the Athenians, ix. 174, 175 n. 3;
  • at Skillus, ix. 176 seq.;
  • later life of, ix. 177;
  • and Deinarchus, ix. 178 n. 3;
  • on the conduct of Sparta between B. C. 387-379, x. 77;
  • partiality of, to Sparta in his Hellenica, x. 230 n.;
  • on the results of the battle of Mantinea, x. 350.
• Xerxes, chosen as successor to Darius, v. 2;
  • instigated to the invasion of Greece, v. 3;
  • resolves to invade Greece, v. 4;
  • deliberation and dreams of, respecting the invasion of Greece, v. 6 seq.;
  • vast preparations of, for the invasion of Greece, v. 13 seq.;
  • march of, to Sardis, and collection of his forces there, v. 14;
  • throws two bridges across the Hellespont, v. 15;
  • wrath of, on the destruction of his bridges across the Hellespont, v. 16;
  • punishment of the Hellespont by, v. 16 seq.;
  • second bridges of, over the Hellespont, v. 18 seq.;
  • ship-canal of, across the isthmus of Mount Athos, v. 22 seq.;
  • bridges of, across the Strymôn, v. 25;
  • demands of, sent to Greece before his invasion, v. 25, 56;
  • and the mare which brought forth a hare, v. 25 n.;
  • march of, from Sardis, v. 25;
  • and Pythius, the Phrygian, v. 27;
  • march of, to Abydos, v. 28;
  • respect shown to Ilium by, v. 29;
  • crossing of the Hellespont by, v. 29 seq.;
  • march of, to Doriskus, v. 31;
  • review and muster of the forces of, at Doriskus, v. 31, 40;
  • numbering of the army of, at Doriskus, v. 33;
  • number of the army of, v. 33 seq.;
  • conversations of, with Demaratus, v. 40, 86, 96;
  • march of, from Doriskus along Thrace, v. 41 seq.;
  • crosses the Strymôn and marches to Akanthus, v. 43;
  • march of, to Therma, v. 44;
  • favorable prospects of, on reaching the boundary of Hellas, v. 44;
  • preparations of, known beforehand in Greece, v. 56;
  • heralds of, obtain submission from many Grecian cities, v. 57;
  • alarm and mistrust in Greece on the invasion of, v. 59;
  • unwillingness or inability of northern Greeks to resist, v. 64;
  • inability of Gelon to join in resisting the invasion of, v. 67;
  • the Thessalians and the invasion of, v. 67;
  • Grecian army sent to defend Tempê against, v. 68;
  • abandonment of the defence of Tempê against, v. 69 seq.;
  • submission of northern Greeks to, after the retreat from Tempê, v. 69;
  • engagement of confederate Greeks against, such as joined, v. 70;
  • first encounter of the fleet of, with that of the Greeks, v. 79;
  • movements of, from Therma to Thermopylæ, v. 82;
  • movements of the fleet of, from Therma to Thermopylæ, v. 82 n. 3;
  • destruction of the fleet of, by storm at Magnesia, v. 84 seq.;
  • delay of, with his land force near Trachis, v. 86 seq.;
  • impressions of, about the defenders at Thermopylæ, v. 87;
  • at Thermopylæ, doubts about the motives ascribed by Herodotus to, v. 87;
  • the mountain-path avoiding Thermopylæ revealed to, v. 88;
  • impressions of, after the combat with Leonidas, v. 95;
  • Demaratus’s advice to, after the death of Leonidas, v. 96;
  • manœuvres ascribed to, respecting the dead at Thermopylæ, v. 103;
  • losses of, repaired after the battle of Thermopylæ, v. 105;
  • abandonment of Attica on the approach of, v. 107 seq.;
  • occupation of Attica and Athens by, v. 111;
  • conversation of, with Arcadians, on the Olympic games, v. 113;
  • detachment of, against Delphi, v. 114;
  • capture of the Acropolis at Athens by, v. 116 seq.;
  • number of the fleet of, at Salamis, v. 118 n. 3;
  • reviews his fleet at Phalêrum, and calls a council of war, v. 119;
  • resolution of, to fight at Salamis, v. 119;
  • Themistoklês’s message to, before the battle of Salamis, v. 127;
  • surrounds the Greeks at Salamis, v. 128 seq.;
  • and the fleets at Salamis, position of, v. 131;
  • story of three nephews of, at Salamis, v. 132 n.;
  • fears of, after the battle of Salamis, v. 138;
  • resolves to go back to Asia after the battle of Salamis, v. 139 seq.;
  • sends his fleet to Asia after the battle of Salamis, v. 139;
  • Mardonius’s proposal to, after the battle of Salamis, v. 140;
  • Themistoklês’s message to, after the battle of Salamis, v. 141;
  • retreating march of, to the Hellespont, v. 142 seq.;
  • and Artayktês, v. 202;
  • causes of the repulse of, from Greece, v. 240;
  • comparison between the invasion of, and that of Alexander, v. 241;
  • death of, ix. 2.
• Xuthus, i. 99 seq., 103;
  • and Kreüsa, i. 204.
• Z.
• Zab, the Great, the Ten Thousand Greeks at, ix. 69 seq.;
  • crossed by the Ten Thousand Greeks, ix. 88.
• Zagreus, i. 18, 19 n.
• Zakynthus, iii. 410;
  • Timotheus at, x. 141;
  • forces of Dion mustered at, xi. 84, 87;
  • Dion’s voyage from, to Herakleia, xi. 88.
• Zaleukus, iii. 382.
• Zalmoxis, i. 448.
• Zanklê, iii. 365;
  • fate of, v. 211 seq.
• Zariaspa, Alexander at, [xii. 206].
• Zêlos, i. 8.
• Zeno of Elea, viii. 341, 344, 345.
• Zephyrus, i. 6.
• Zêtês and Kalais, i. 199.
• Zethus and Amphiôn, Homeric legend of, i. 257, 263 seq.
• Zeugitæ, iii. 118;
  • Boeckh’s opinion on the pecuniary qualification of, iii. 119 n.
• Zeus, i. 3, 7, 8 seq., 12;
  • Homeric, i. 13;
  • account of, in the Orphic Theogony, i. 18;
  • mythical character, names, and functions, i. 61 seq.;
  • origin of the numerous mythes of, i. 62;
  • and Promêtheus, i. 63, 75;
  • and Danaê, i. 90;
  • and Alkmênê, i. 93;
  • and Ægina, i. 184;
  • and Eurôpa, i. 257;
  • and Ganymêdês, i. 285;
  • in the fourth book of the Iliad different from Zeus in the first and eighth, ii. 190;
  • fluctuation of Greek opinion on the supremacy of, iv. 196 n.
• Zeus Ammon, Alexander’s visit to the oracle of, [xii. 147].
• Zeus Laphystios, i. 127.
• Zeus Lykæus, i. 174.
• Zeus Meilichios, Xenophon’s sacrifice to, ix. 171 seq.
• Zopyrus, iv. 231.

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