BOOKS ON IRON AND STEEL
Chosen and annotated by Professor Bradley Stoughton, School of Mines, Columbia University, New York. (Graduated Yale University, 1893, as Ph.B. In 1896 Assistant in Mining and Metallurgy at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, where he received the degree of B.S. In 1898-99, metallurgist of South Works. Illinois Steel Co., South Chicago. Superintendent in 1900 of steel foundry, Briggs-Seabury Gun and Ammunition Co., Derby, Conn. Manager of Bessemer plant, Benjamin Atha & Co., Newark, N. J., in 1901. Instructor in metallurgy, Columbia University, 1902-03. Next year became Adjunct Professor of Metallurgy, Columbia University and, as consulting metallurgist, entered the firm of Howe & Stoughton, New York.)
Bale, George R. Modern Foundry Practice. Part I, 1902. Part II, 1906. London, Technical Publishing Co. 3s. 6d. each.
An admirable work, the only one covering the whole field. The author thoroughly understands his subject, and writes most intelligibly. The principles underlying every detail of practice are clearly explained.
Part I deals with foundry equipment, materials used, furnaces and processes, describes blowers, ladles, cranes, hoists, cupola, air furnaces, drying ovens, dry and green sand, the manufacture of chilled castings and malleable iron castings.
Part II takes up machine molding, physical properties, the effects produced by various ingredients, the principles of mixing irons, cleaning castings. Costs are considered in conclusion.
Bell, Sir Isaac Lowthian. Principles of the Manufacture of Iron and Steel. London, George Routledge & Sons, 1884. 722 pp. 21s.
A classic. Like “Chemical Phenomena of Iron Smelting,” by the same author, now out of print and rare, it will never be replaced by a new book in the metallurgist’s library, although somewhat out of date. Deals with principles ever important, while our knowledge of them increases constantly. Begins with a brief history, then passes to the direct processes for the production of iron and steel. Then follow sections on the fundamental principles of blast furnace operation, and a study of the refining of pig-iron, or, in other words, the principles of the conversion of pig-iron into wrought iron and steel. For recent metallurgical practice, some later book is to be preferred.
Campbell, Harry Huse. Manufacture and Properties of Iron and Steel. 2d edition. New York, Engineering and Mining Journal, 1903. 839 pp. $5.00.
Mr. Campbell is a careful and deep thinker. He is well known as the successful manager of a large and important steel works. Out of abundant knowledge, gathered in long experience and study, he gives in this book much valuable information. Details of the various furnaces and their operations are frequently lacking, but as a comparative study of leading methods of steel-making, and of the commercial conditions involved, this work has no equal.
Harford, F. W. Metallurgy of Steel. With a section on the Mechanical treatment of Steel, by F. W. Hall. Revised edition. London, Charles Griffin & Co., 1905. 792 pp. 25s.
This exhaustive treatise is the best of its kind. Abounds with valuable information on furnaces and their working, on the effects of different impurities in steel. On the shaping of steel mechanically it is the only complete treatise. This work deals, however, chiefly with English practice, while American practice is larger and more progressive.
Howe, Henry M. Iron, Steel and Other Alloys. 2d edition, slightly revised. Boston, A. Sauveur, 1906. 18+495 pp. $5.00.
The best and most complete work on the modern theory of the constitution of steel by the highest living authority. Can be readily understood by any one having a slight knowledge of chemistry. In addition to the study of iron and steel as metals, brief but satisfactory chapters in manufacture are included.
Howe, Henry M. Metallurgy of Steel. Vol. I. 4th edition. New York, Engineering and Mining Journal, 1890. 385 pp. $10.00.
Still recognized the world over as the standard authority; every book written on its theme since 1890 builds upon this work as the source of highest reference. Devoted chiefly to the effects of different impurities, and of treatment, on steel. The crucible and Bessemer processes are described at some length. Not a work for general readers.
Mellor, J. W. Crystallization of Iron and Steel: an Introduction to the Study of Metallography. London and New York, Longmans, Green & Co., 1905. 154 pp. 5s. $1.60.
Reprinted lectures giving an excellent popular account of the constitution and nature of cast iron and steel. Includes right and wrong methods of annealing, hardening and tempering steel, and their microscopic examination. The information is presented in a terse and attractive style. Any reader of a scientific turn will find profit in this book.
Sexton, A. Humboldt. Outline of the Metallurgy of Iron and Steel. Manchester, Scientific Publishing Co., 1902. 16s.
The best, because most recent of the good elementary text-books on iron and steel. It is behind the times in regard to American practice, but contains a great deal of important information, clearly expressed. Covers iron ores, their physics and chemistry, construction and working of the blast furnace, foundry practice, puddling, forging, the Bessemer, open hearth and crucible processes, special steels, the testing of steel and protection from corrosion. Its sketch of the structure and heat treatment or iron and steel is very incomplete.
Swank, James M. Short History of the Manufacture of Iron in all ages, particularly in the United States from 1585 to 1885. 2d edition. Philadelphia, American Iron and Steel Association, 1894. 428 pp. $5.00.
The best historical account of iron and steel manufacture, written in an interesting manner. So carefully systematized that the history of any branch of the subject may be studied independently.
Swank, James M. Directory of the Iron and Steel Works in the United States and Canada. Embracing a full description of the blast furnaces, rolling mills, steel works, tin plate and terne plate works, forges and bloomaries in the United States; also classified lists of the wire rod mills, structural mills, plate sheet and skelp mills, Bessemer steel works, open hearth steel works, and crucible steel works. 16th edition. Philadelphia, American Iron and Steel Association, 1904. $10.00.
A Supplement to this directory contains a classified list of leading consumers of iron and steel in the United States, corrected to January, 1903. 196 pp. $5.00.
The Penton Publishing Co., Cleveland, Ohio, publish a list of the iron foundries in the United States and Canada, mentioning plants not listed by Mr. Swank, 1906. $10.00.
Turner, Thomas. Metallurgy of Iron and Steel. Edited by Prof. W. C. Roberts-Austen. Vol. I, Metallurgy of Iron. London, Charles Griffin & Co., 1895. 367 pp. 16s.
If but one book is to be chosen, this is the best on ores, construction and working blast furnaces, the properties of cast iron, the manufacture and properties of wrought iron. It also has valuable chapters on foundry practice, the history of iron, blast furnace fuels, forging and rolling, and the corrosion of iron and steel.
Woodworth, Joseph V. Hardening, Tempering, Annealing and Forging of Steel: a treatise on the practical treatment and working of high and low grade steel. New York, Norman W. Henley & Co., 1903. 288 pp. $2.50.
Treats of the selection and identification of steel, the most modern and approved processes of heating, hardening, tempering, annealing and forging, the use of gas blast forges, heating machines and furnaces, the annealing and manufacture of malleable iron, the treatment and use of self-hardening steel, with special reference to case-hardening processes, the hardening and tempering of milling cutters and press tools, the use of machinery steel for cutting tools, forging and welding high grade steel forgings in America, forging hollow shafts, drop-forging, and grinding processes for tools and machine parts.
It is almost impossible to say which is the best book on the practice treated in this book. It has been chosen because it contains much valuable information which has the rare quality of not only being useful in the shop, but of being accompanied by the reasons involved. Copiously illustrated. Many useful tables. For one looking for general knowledge it will be found serviceable. For the seeker who wishes special data no single book will suffice.
Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute. Edited by Bennett H. Brough. London. Published by the Institute. Semiannual. Each number 16 shillings; mailed by Lemcke & Buechner, 11 E. 17th St., New York. $4.50.
Contains many articles of importance, and abstracts of a large part of the current literature of iron and steel. Thus almost every metallurgist who begins the study of a new subject uses this Journal; he finds it a guide to the latest information which has not yet found its way into reference and text books.
Revue de Metallurgie. Edited by Henri Le Chatelier. Paris. Monthly. Per annum, 40 francs; mailed by Lemcke & Buechner, 11 E. 17th St., New York. $10.00.
Most valuable for recent literature on the constitution of iron and steel and their alloys. Contains bibliographies of works on these subjects.
CHAPTER XIV
PROPERTIES—Continued
Glass of new and most useful qualities . . . Metals plastic under pressure . . . Non-conductors of heat . . . Norwegian cooking box . . . Aladdin oven . . . Matter seems to remember . . . Feeble influences become strong in time.