INDEX.
A
Abstraction. See [Ideas]
Addison, Mrs. K., on sign-making by a jackdaw, [97]
Adjectives, appropriately used by parrots, [129], [130], [152];
early use of, by children, [219];
not differentiated in early forms of speech, [295] et seq.;
origin of Aryan, [306];
and in language generally, [385-86].
Adverbs not differentiated in early forms of speech, [306]
African Bushmen. See [Hottentots]
African languages. See [Languages]
Agglomerative. See [Languages]
Agglutinating. See [Languages]
American languages. See [Languages]
Analytic. See [Languages]
Anatomy, evidence of man’s descent supplied by, [19]
Animals. See [Brutes]
Animism of primitive man, [275]
Ants, intelligence of, [52], [53];
sign-making by, [91-95]
[Apes], brain-weight of, [16];
bodily structure of, [19];
understanding of words by, [125], [126];
unable to imitate articulate sounds, [153-157];
psychological characters of anthropoid, in relation to the descent of man, [364-370];
other vocal sounds made by, [374];
erect attitude assumed by, [381], [382]
Appleyard on language of savages, [349]
Apposition. See Predication
Aristotle, on intelligence of brutes, [12],
and of man, [20];
his classification of the animal kingdom, [79];
his logic based on grammar of the Greek language, [314], [320]
Articulation, chap. vii.;
classification of different kinds of, [121];
understanding of, [122-129];
by dogs, [128];
use of, with intelligent signification by talking birds, [129-139];
arbitrary use of, by young children, [138-144];
relation of, to tone and gesture, [145-162];
importance of sense of sight to development of, [366], [367];
probable period and mode of genesis of in the race, [370-373]
Aryan languages. See [Languages]
Aryan race, civilization of, [272];
antiquity of, [273]
Audouin on a monkey recognizing pictorial representations, [188]
Axe, discovery of, by neolithic man, [214]
B
Barter only used by man, [19]
Basque language. See [Language]
Bateman, Dr. F., on speech-centre of brain, [134], [135]
Bates, on intelligence of ants, [92], [93];
on a monkey recognizing pictorial representations, [188].
Bats the only mammals capable of flight, [156]
Bear, intelligence of, [51];
understanding tones of human voice, [124]
Beattie, Dr., on intelligence of a dog, [100]
Bees, sign-making by, [90]
Bell, Professor A. Graham, on teaching a dog to articulate, [128];
on the ideation of deaf-mutes, [150]
Belt on intelligence of ants, [52], [92]
Benfry on roots of Sanskrit, [267]
Binet on analogies between perception and reason, [32]
Bingley on bees understanding tones of human voice, [124]
Bleek, on origin of pronouns, [302];
on the sentence-words of African Bushmen, [316], [337], [338];
on onomatopœia, [339];
on the clicks of Hottentots and African Bushmen, [373]
Bonaparte, Prince Lucien, on possible number of articulate sounds, [373]
Bopp on the origin of speech, [240]
Bowen, Professor F., on psychology of judgment, [167]
Boyd Dawkins, Professor, on discovery of axe by neolithic man, [214]
Bramston, Miss, on intelligence of a dog, [56]
Brazil, climate and native languages of, [262], [263]
Brown, Thomas, on generalization, [44]
Browning, A. H., on intelligence of a dog, [99], [100]
[Brutes], mind of, compared with human, [6-39];
emotions of, [7];
instincts of, [8];
volition of, [8];
intellect of, [9];
Mr. Mivart on psychology of, [10], [177];
as machines, [11];
soul of, [12];
Bishop Butler on immortality of, [12];
instances of intelligence of, [51-63];
ideas of causality in, [58-60];
appreciation of principles by, [60], [61];
sign-making by, [88-102];
understanding of words by, [123-127];
articulation by, [128-138], [152];
reasons why none have become intellectual rivals of man, [154-157];
self-consciousness in relation to, [175-178];
recognizing pictorial representations, [188], [189];
conditions to genesis of self-consciousness manifested by, [195-199];
counting by, [56-58], [214], [215];
psychology of, in relation to the descent of man, [364-384]
Buffon, on intelligence of brutes, [12], [117];
his parrot, [201]
Bunsen, on onomatopœia, [282];
on Egyptian language, [297], [298];
on the substantive verb, [309]
Burton on sign-making by Indians, [105]
Bushmen, clicks in the language of, [291]
Butler, Bishop, on immortality of brutes, [12]
C
California, climate and native languages of, [261], [262]
Caldwell on language of savages, [349]
Carlyle on fundamental metaphor, [344]
Carpenter, Commander Alfred, on monkeys using stones to open oysters, [382]
Casalis on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [351]
Cat, intelligence of, [59], [98], [99];
use of signs by, [158]
Caterpillars, sign-making by, [95], [96]
Causation, ideas of, in brutes, [58-60];
origin of idea of, in man, [210]
Cebus, intelligence of, [60], [61];
different tones uttered by, [96]
Champollion on Egyptian hieroglyphics, [311]
Charlevoix on language of savages, [349]
Cheyenne language. See [Languages]
[Child], psychogenesis of, [4], [5];
emotions and instincts of, [7], [8];
intelligence of, as regards classification, [26], [27], [41], [66], [67];
instinctive and imitative articulation by, [121], [122];
understanding of words by infantile, [123];
spontaneous invention of words by, [138-143];
indicative stage of language in, [158], [218-222], [324];
denotation and connotation of, [179], [191], [218-231], [283-285];
recognizing portraits, &c., [188], [189];
rise of self-consciousness in, [200-212];
use of personal pronoun by, [201], [232], [408], [409];
hypothesis of languages having been originated by, [259-263];
undifferentiated language of, [296], [297], [317];
stages of language in, [157-193], [328];
differences between infantile and primitive man, as regards development of speech, [329-334];
order of development of articulate sounds in, [372], [373]
Cicero on the origin of speech, [240]
Chimpanzee. See [Apes]
Chinese language. See [Language]
Classification, in relation to abstraction, [31], [32];
powers of, exhibited by a young child, [26], [66], [67];
by lower animals generally, [27-30] (see also under Precepts);
of the animal kingdom by the early Jews and by Aristotle, [78], [79];
of language, [85-89];
of mental faculties artificial, [234];
of languages, [245-251]
Clicks of Hottentots, [291]
Clothes only worn by man, [19]
Communication. See [Language]
Complex ideas. See [Ideas]
Compound ideas. See [Ideas]
Comte, Auguste, on the logic of feelings and of signs, [42], [46], [47]
Conception. See [Concepts]
[Concepts], defined, [34];
logic of, [47], and [chap. iv.];
as higher and lower, [76], [185];
in relation to particular and generic ideas, [76-78];
in relation to judgment and self-consciousness, [168-191];
Max Müller’s alleged, [221];
in relation to non-conceptual faculties, [234-237];
attainment of, by the individual, [230-232];
original, [269-281];
philological proof of derivation of, from recepts, [343-349]
Concrete ideas. See [Ideas]
Connotation, [88], [89], [136], [137], [157], [159-162], [169], [170], [179-184], [218], [219], [283], [284], [294] et seq., [368], [383], [384]
Conscience. See [Morality]
Coptic language. See [Language]
Copula, the, [172], [173], [230], [309], [314], [387]
Counting, by rooks, [56], [57], [214], [215];
by sensuous computation and by separate notation, [57], [215];
by savages, [215]
Crawford on Malay language, [351]
Cronise on the climate of California, [261]
Crows, intelligence of, [56], [57]
Cuvier on speech as the most distinctive characteristic of man, [371]
D
Dammaras, counting by, [215]
Darwin, Charles, on intelligence of savage man in relation to his cerebral development, [16], [17];
on intelligence of animals, [51], [52], [54];
on pointing of sporting dogs, [97];
on expression of emotions, [103];
on psychogenesis of child, [123], [158];
on self-consciousness, [199];
on descent of man, [369], [370], [374-376], [380]
Dayak language. See [Language]
Deaf-mutes, sign-making by, [105-120];
ideation of, [149], [150], [339-341];
invention of articulate signs by, [122], [263], [367]
De Fravière on sign-making by bees, [90]
Demonstrative elements. See [Pronouns]
Denomination, [88], [89], [161], [162], [168-170], [294], et seq.
Denotation, [88], [89], [157], [158], [159], [162], [168], [179-184], [218], [219], [294] et seq., [368-369], [383], [384], [386]
De Quatrefages, on distinctions between animal and human intelligence, [17-19];
on intelligence of a dog, [198];
on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [351]
Dog, seeking water in hollows, [51];
making allowance for driftway, [52];
generic ideas shown by, [54], [352];
chasing imaginary pigs, [56];
idea of causation shown by, [59], [60];
pointing and backing of, [97], [98];
other gesture signs made by, [99], [100], [221];
understanding of written signs by, [101], [102];
understanding of words by, [124], [125];
alleged articulation by, [128];
Indian sign for barking, [146];
recognizing pictorial representations, [188];
practising concealment and hypocrisy, [198];
ejective ideation of, [198];
receptual self-consciousness of, [199];
counting by, [215];
begging before a bitch, [221];
deaf-mute’s articulate name of, [367]
Donaldson on demonstrative elements, [244]
Dublin Review on psychology of judgment, [166], [167]
Dumas, Alex., on sign-making, [111]
Du Ponceau on language of savages, [349], [351]
E
Ecitons. See [Ants]
Egyptian language. See [Language]
Elephant, intelligence of, [98]
Ellis on early English pronunciation, [373]
Emerson on fundamental metaphor, [344]
Emotions of man and brutes compared, [7]
Empty words, [246]
Encyclopædia Britannica (1857), on the origin of speech, [240]
English language. See [Language]
Etruscan language. See [Language]
F
Farrar, Archdeacon, on demonstrative elements, [244];
on invention of languages by children, [263];
on roots of language, [268], [358];
on origin of the verb, [275];
on paucity of words in vocabulary of English labourers, [280];
on onomatopœia, [284-288], [290];
on objective phraseology of young children and early man, [301];
on the substantive verb, [309];
on fundamental metaphor, [344];
on language of savages in respect of abstraction, [350];
on absence of subjective personal pronouns in early forms of speech, [421]
Feejee language. See [Language]
Fire only made by man, [19]
Fitzgerald, P. F., on self-consciousness, [212]
Flight, capability of, in insects, reptiles, birds, and mammals, [156], [157]
Forbes, James, on intelligence of monkeys, [100]
Fox, intelligence of, [55], [56]
Frogs, understanding by, of tones of human voice, [124]
G
Galton, Francis, on ideas as generic images, [23];
on relation of thought to speech, [83];
on intelligence of Dammaras, [215]
Garnett, on nature and analysis of the verb, [275], [307], [309-312];
on sentence-words, [300];
on primitive forms of predication, [318];
on fundamental metaphor, [344], [358];
on absence of subjective cases of pronouns in early forms of speech, [421]
Geiger, on ideas, [45];
on dependence of thought upon language, [83];
on understanding of words by brutes, [127];
on roots of language, [268], [273], [336];
on distinction between ideas as general and generic, [279];
on increasing conceptuality of terms with increase of culture, [280];
on the impossibility of language having ever consisted exclusively of general terms, [282];
on Heyse’s theory of the origin of speech, [289];
on onomatopœia, [292];
on the vanishing point of language, [314], [354];
on fundamental metaphor as illustrated by names of tools, [345], [346],
and words of moral significance, [346], [347];
on the sense of sight in relation to the origin of speech, [366], [367];
on Homo alalus, [380]
General ideas. See [Ideas]
Generalization. See [Ideas]
Generic ideas. See [Recepts]
Genitive case, philology of, [305], [385]
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isid., on a monkey recognizing pictorial representations, [188]
[Geology], imperfect record of, [19]
Gesture. See [Language]
Gibbon. See [Apes]
Goethe on obliteration of original meanings of words, [284]
Goodbehere, S., on sign-making by a pony, [97]
Gorilla. See [Apes]
Greek. See [Language]
Green, Professor, on self-consciousness, [212]
Grimace. See [Language]
Grimm, on the origin of speech, [240];
on names for thunder, [286];
on fundamental metaphor, [344]
H
Haeckel, Professor, on Homo alalus, [370], [380];
on sounds made by apes, [374]
Hague on sign-making by ants, [93], [94]
Hale, Dr. H., on spontaneous invention of words by children, [138-144];
on the origin of languages, [259-263]
Hamilton, Sir William, on ideas as abstract and general, [24], [25], [79], [80]
Harper, F., on Greek tenses, [301]
Haughton, Sir Graves, on roots of languages, [275]
Hebrew. See [Language]
Hegel, on absence in brutes of the idea of causality, [58];
on self-consciousness, [212]
Heinieke on words spontaneously invented by deaf-mutes, [367]
Hen, different tones used by, as signs to chickens, &c., [96]
Herder, on the origin of speech, [240];
on the original concretism of language, [359]
Herzen on self-consciousness, [212]
Heyse, on onomatopœia, [285], [287];
on the origin of speech, [289];
on fundamental metaphor, [344];
on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [351]
Hobbes on the copula, [172], [173]
Hogg on a dog understanding words, [125]
Holden on the vocabularies of children, [372], [373]
Homo. See [Man]
Horace on the origin of speech, [240]
Horse, sign-making by, [97]
Hoste, Sir W., on intelligence of monkeys, [101]
[Hottentots], language of, [291], [373], [374]
Houzeau, on dogs seeking water in hollows, [51];
on tones used by the common hen as signs, [96];
on talking birds, [129], [130];
on danger signals of birds, [369]
Hovelacque, on demonstrative elements, [244];
on auxiliary words, [247];
on formulæ of language-structure, [248];
on affinities of languages, [250], [255];
on limitations of consonantal sounds in various languages, [373]
Huber on sign-making by insects, [88-90]
Human. See [Man]
Humboldt on the origin of speech, [240]
Hun, Dr. E. R., on spontaneous invention of words by young children, [140-143]
Hungarian language. See [Language]
Huxley, Professor, on importance of the evolution theory in relation to anthropology, [2], [3];
on animal automatism, [11];
on the brain-weight of man as compared with that of anthropoid apes, [16];
on importance of language to development of human thought, [134];
on smallness of anatomical difference which determines or prevents power of articulation, [153], [370], [371];
on psychology of judgment, [164];
on erect attitude assumed by gibbon and gorilla, [381], [382]
I
Icelandic language. See [Language]
[Ideas], definition and classification of, [20-39];
as recepts, chap. iii.;
as concepts, chap. iv.;
as general and generic, [38], [39], [68], [69], [276-281], [336], [337];
as abstract, [20-39], [70-80];
of causation in brutes, [58-60],
and in man, [210];
of uneducated deaf-mutes, [149-151];
psychological classification of artificial, [234-237];
of savages, [337], [338], [349-353]
Idiots, psychology of, [104], [105];
meaningless and imitative articulation by, [121];
ideation of, [152]
Incorporating. See [Languages]
Indians, sign-making by, [105-113];
languages of, [249], [255], [259], [260]
Indicative phase of language. See [Language]
Indicative signs, or stage of language. See [Language]
Indo-European languages. See [Languages]
Infant. See [Child]
Inflectional. See [Languages]
Instinct, defined, [7];
of man and brutes compared, [7], [8]
Intellect of man and brutes compared, [9]
Introspection. See [Self-consciousness]
Isolating. See [Languages]
J
Jackdaw, sign-making by, [97]
James on language of savages, [349]
Javanese language. See [Language]
Johnson, Capt., on intelligence of monkeys, [100], [101]
Jones, Sir W., on the origin of speech, [240]
Judgment, unconscious or intuitive, [48], [49], [189];
J. S. Mill upon, [48];
psychology of, [163-237];
G. H. Lewes upon, [164];
Professor Huxley upon, [164];
St. G. Mivart upon, [165], [166];
Professor Max Müller upon, [165];
in relation to recepts, concepts, and thought, [163-193];
Professor Sayce upon, [170];
pre-conceptual, [227-230], [278], [384], [386];
blank form of, [166], [167], [319], [320]
K
Khetshua language. See [Language]
Kleinpaul on gesture language, [120]
L
Landois on sign-making by bees, [90]
Langley, S. P., on intelligence of a spider, [62], [63]
Language, in relation to brain-weight, [16];
abstraction dependent on, [25], [30-39];
not always necessary to thought, [81-83];
etymology and different signification of the word, [85];
categories of, [85-89];
as sign-making exhibited by brutes, [88-102];
of tone and gesture, [104-120];
articulate, spontaneously imitated by children, [138-143];
of tone and gesture in relation to words, [145-162];
stages of, as indicative, denotative, connotative, denominative, and predicative, [157-193];
in relation to self-consciousness, [212];
growth of, in child, [218-237];
theories concerning origin of, in race, [238-242], [361-384];
evolution of, [240-245], [264], [265];
roots of, [241-245], [248], [249];
differentiation of, into parts of speech, [294-320], [339-342];
demonstrative elements of, [243-245];
of savages deficient in abstract terms, [349-353];
Chinese, [246], [253], [256], [257], [265], [266], [298], [300], [317], [338], [373];
Magyar, [253];
Turkish, [253];
Etruscan, [258];
Hungarian, [259];
Malay, [259], [301], [305], [311], [351];
Latin, [267];
Egyptian, [297], [298], [310], [311];
English, [247], [259], [266], [338], [348], [373];
Khetshua, [263];
Taic, [305];
Sanskrit, [266-277], [301], [309], [354];
Zend, [309];
Lithuanic, [309];
Icelandic, [309];
Coptic, [310];
Javanese, [311];
Malagassy, [311];
Philippine, [311];
Syriac, [311];
Dayak, [317];
Feejee, [318];
Cheyenne, [348];
Australian, [351];
Eskimo, [351];
Zulu, [351];
Tasmanian, [352];
Kurd, [352];
Japanese, [373];
[Languages], number of, [245];
classification of, [245-251];
isolating, radical, or monosyllabic, [245], [246], [267], [268];
agglutinative or agglomerative, [247];
inflective or transpositive, [247], [248];
polysynthetic or incapsulating, [249];
incorporating, [245-250];
analytic, [250];
affinities of, [250-259];
native American, [249], [255], [259-263], [265], [311], [342], [348], [349], [351];
African, [260], [263], [291], [337], [338], [351], [373], [374];
Aryan and Indo-European, [266-278], [298], [304], [309], [314], [423];
Romance, [308];
Polynesian, [318]
Latham, Dr., on the growth of language, [241];
on language of savages in respect of abstraction, [351], [352]
Latin, roots of, [267].
See also [Language]
Laura Bridgman, her syntax, [116];
her instinctive articulate sounds, [122]
Lazarus, on ideas, [44], [45];
on origin of speech, [361]
Lee, Mrs., on talking birds, [130]
Lefroy, Sir John, on intelligence of a dog, [99]
Leibnitz on teaching a dog to articulate, [128]
Leroy on intelligence of wolf, [53];
Lewes, G. H., on the logic of feelings and of signs, [47];
on judgment, [164];
on pre-perception, [185]
Links between ape and man missing, [19]
Lithuanic language. See [Language]
Locke on ideas, [20-23], [28-30], [65], [342]
Logic, of recepts, [chap. iii.];
of concepts, [47], and [chap. iv].
Long on gesture-language, [120]
Lubbock, Sir John, on communication by ants, [94], [95];
on teaching a dog written signs, [101], [102]
Lucretius on the origin of speech, [240]
Ludwig on demonstrative elements, [244]
M
Magyar language. See [Language]
Malagassy language. See [Language]
Malay language. See [Language]
Malle, Dureau de la, on intelligence of brutes, [12]
Mallery, Lieut.-Col., on sign-making by Indians and deaf-mutes, &c., [105-112], [117-120];
on teaching a dog to articulate, [128];
on sign for a barking dog, [146];
on genetic relation between gestures and words, [342], [348], [349]
[Man], antecedent remarks on psychology of, [4-6];
points of resemblance between his psychology and that of brutes, [6-10];
points of difference, [10-39];
intelligence of savage, [13], [16], [17], [215], [337], [338], [349-353],
and of palæolithic and neolithic, [14], [213], [214];
corporeal structure of, [19];
animism of savage and primitive, [275];
speechless, [277];
differences between infantile, and infantile child as regards development of speech, [329-334];
use of personal pronoun by early, [300], [301], [387-389];
hypotheses as to mode of origin of, from brute, [361-389];
superior use by, of the sense of sight, [366], [367];
possibly speechless condition of early, [370-379]
Mansel, Dean, on ideas as general and abstract, [42]
Maudsley, Dr., on self-consciousness, [212]
Maury on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [351]
M’Cook, Rev. Dr., on sign-making by ants, [95]
Metaphor, importance of, in evolution of speech, [343-349]
Meunier, on the understanding of words by brutes, [125];
on talking birds, [130]
Midas, a, recognizing pictorial representations, [188]
Mill, James, on the copula, [173]
Mill, John Stuart, on ideas as abstract and concrete, [25];
on the logic of feelings and of signs, [41], [42];
on judgment, [48];
on connotation and denomination, [169];
on conception, [172];
on the copula, [173];
on predication, [236]
Milligan on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [352]
[Mind], undergoes evolution, [4-6];
of man and brute compared, [7-39];
classification of faculties of artificial, [234]
Missing links, [19]
Mivart, St. George, on psychology of brutes, [10], [177];
on animal automatism, [11];
on superiority of savage mind to simian, [16];
on absence in brutes of the idea of causality, [58];
on relation of thought to speech, [83];
on categories of language, [85], [86];
on rationality of brutes, [87];
on psychology of judgment, [165-167];
on thought and reflection, [177], [178]
Mixed ideas. See [Ideas]
Moffat, R., on invention of languages by children, [263]
Monboddo on the origin of speech, [240]
[Monkeys], general intelligence of, [60], [61], [100], [101];
discovering mechanical principles, [60], [61], [213], [214];
more intelligent and imitative than parrots, [153];
recognizing pictorial representations, [188];
understanding words, [369];
using stones to open oysters, [382]
Monosyllabic. See [Languages]
[Morality], alleged to distinguish man from brute, [17-19], [346];
terms relating to, derived from ideas morally indifferent, [346], [347]
Morshead, E. J., on comparative psychology, [37]
Moschkan, Dr. A., on talking birds, [130]
Müller, F., on sign-making by bees, [90]
Müller, J., on absence in brutes of the idea of causality, [58]
Müller, Professor Friedrich, on ideas, [45];
on language, as not identical with thought, [83];
on classification of languages, [245];
on sentence-words, [296];
on undifferentiated language of child, [297];
on origin of pronouns, [302];
on the genitive case, [305];
on the origin of speech, [362]
Müller, Professor F. Max, on ideas, [42], [43];
on language as necessary to thought, [81], [83];
on psychology of judgment, [165];
on the copula, [173];
on origin of the personal pronoun, [210];
on evolution of language, [241];
on demonstrative elements, [244], [423];
on roots of Sanskrit, [267-289];
on undifferentiated language of young children, [296], [317];
on sentence-words, [298-300], [317];
on gesture origin of pronouns, [302],
and of language in general, [354];
on origin of adjectives, [306];
on the origin of verbs, [307];
on Chinese sentence-words, [317];
on Aristotle’s logic as based on Greek grammar, [320], [321];
on philology proving that human thought has proceeded from the abstract to the concrete, [334-336];
on names necessarily implying concepts, [336], [337];
on fundamental metaphor, [344], [345];
on imperfection of early names, [356];
on the evolution of parts of speech, [423];
on the general theory of evolution, [432], [433]
N
Names, in relation to abstract and generic ideas, [31], [32], [57], [58], [70-78], [174], [273-281], [336-339];
not always necessary for thoughts, [81-83];
or thoughts for them, [226], [336-339]
Natterer, J., on the languages of Brazil, [263]
Negro, intelligence of, [13];
Mr. Mivart’s use of the term to illustrate the psychology of predication, [166], [235]
Neuter insects, instincts of, [297-299]
Nodier, on onomatopœia, [288];
on metaphor, [344]
Noiré, on ideas, [43];
on the origin of speech, [288], [289], [379-381];
on the origin of pronouns, [302];
on fundamental metaphor, [344], [345]
Nominalism, [145]
[Noun]-substantives, appropriately used by parrots, [129], [152];
early use of, by children, [218];
of earlier linguistic growth than verbs or pronouns, [275];
not differentiated in early forms of speech, [295] et seq.;
oblique cases of, as attribute-words, [306], [385]
O
Onomatopœia, in nursery-language, [136], [244];
in relation to the origin of speech, [282-293], [339]
Orang-outang. See [Apes]
Oregon, climate and native languages of, [262]
P
Palæontology. See [Geology]
Parrots, talking of, [128-138];
use of indicative signs by, [158];
denotative and connotative powers of, [179-191], [222-226];
statements made by, [189], [190]
Particular ideas. See [Ideas]
Parts of speech, differentiation of language into, [294-320], [339-342], [423]
Peckham, Mr. and Mrs., on memory in a spider, [207]
Perception, analogies between reason and, [32];
constituted by fusions of sensations, [37];
in relation to other mental faculties, [48];
illusions of, [49]
Perez on psychogenesis of the child, [26], [41], [158], [210]
Philippine language. See [Language]
Philology. See [Language]
Pickering on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [352]
Pictures recognized as portraits, &c., by infants, dogs, and monkeys, [188], [189]
Pig taught to point game, [97]
Poescher on the Aryan race, [273]
Pointing, game by a pig, [97];
as the first stage of language, [157], [158]
Polynesian languages. See [Languages]
Polysynthetic. See [Languages]
Pony, sign-making by, [97]
Pott, on the origin of speech, [240];
on language-roots, [267];
on names for thunder, [286];
on fundamental metaphor, [344]
Powers on the climate of California, [261]
Pre-concepts, [185-193], [218], [219], [227-230], [278], [384], [386]
Predicate, the, [305], [306], [423]
[Predication], [88], [89], [157], [162-164], [169], [171], [175], [227], [235-237], [294] et seq., [384], [386], [387], [422]
Prepositions not differentiated in early forms of speech, [295] et seq.
Preyer, on psychogenesis of the child, [26], [219], [221], [222];
on sensuous computation of number, [57], [58]
Primates. See [Apes] and [Monkeys]
Pritchard on Celtic languages, [275]
Progress in successive generations, [12-15]
Pronoun, first personal, [201], [232], [301], [387-389], [408], [409]
[Pronouns] and pronominal elements, [210], [275];
not differentiated in early forms of speech, [295] et seq.;
origin of, in gestures, [301-304], [387], [421], [422]
Proposition. See [Predication]
Psychogenesis. See [Child]
Psychology. See [Mind]
Q
Quadrumana. See [Apes] and [Monkeys]
R
Radical. See [Languages]
Ray on different tones used by the common hen, [96]
Reason in relation to perception, [32];
to sensation, [37];
and to other mental faculties in general, [48]
Recepts, defined, [36-39];
logic of, [40-69];
recognized by previous writers, [40-45];
in relation to the intellectual faculties, [48-50], [234];
examples of, in the animal kingdom, [51-63];
as primitive as percepts, [64-69];
of water-fowl, [74];
in relation to judgment and self-consciousness, [176-193];
as higher and lower, [184-193];
of the framers of Sanskrit, [277-279];
philologically prior to concepts, [343-349]
Reflection in relation to reflex action, [48].
See also [Thought]
Reflex action, [48]
Religion alleged to distinguish man from brute, [17], [19], [346]
Renan on roots of Hebrew, [266]
Rengger on different tones uttered by the cebus, [96]
Reptiles, understanding by, of tones of human voice, [124]
Ribot, Professor, on self-consciousness, [212]
Richter on obliteration of the original meanings of words, [284]
Romance languages. See [Languages]
Romanes, on teaching an ape to count, [58];
on intelligence of cebus, [60], [61];
on sign-making by caterpillars, [95], [96];
on pointing of setter-dogs, [97], [98];
on sign-making by other dogs, [100], [221];
on infant intelligence, [122], [159], [160], [188], [189], [218-220], [232], [283], [324];
on dogs and apes understanding words, [124-126];
on talking birds, [129], [130];
on ideation of deaf-mutes, [149], [150]
Rooks, intelligence of, [56], [57]
Roots of language. See [Language]
S
Sandwith on poverty of savage languages in abstract terms, [352]
Sanskrit. See [Language]
Sayce, Professor, on differences of degree and kind, [3];
on terms as abbreviated judgments, [170];
on the number of languages, [245];
on the affinities between languages, [250-259];
on monosyllabic origin of language, [268];
on civilization of the Aryan race, [272];
on antiquity of the Aryan race, [273];
on rarity of general terms in savage languages, [280];
on onomatopœia, [286];
on the clicks in the language of Hottentots, etc., [291], [373], [374];
on sentence-words, [299], [300], [303];
on the origin of pronouns, [302];
on the genitive case, the predicate, and the attribute, [305], [306], [313], [423];
on the evolution of nouns, adjectives, and verbs, [308];
on Aristotle’s logic as based on Greek grammar, [321];
on deficiency of savage languages in abstract terms, [352];
on Noiré’s theory of the origin of speech, [380]
Schelling on parts of speech, [295], [296]
Schlegel on the origin of speech, [240]
Schleicher, on evolution of language, [241];
on formulæ of language-structure, [248]
Scott, Dr., on psychology of idiots and deaf-mutes, [104], [105], [115], [116], [121]
Scott, Sir Walter, on a dog understanding words, [125]
[Self-consciousness], condition to introspective reflection or thought, [175];
absent in brutes, [175], [176];
genesis of, [194-212];
philosophy and psychology of, [194], [195];
character of, in man and in brutes, [195-212];
as inward and outward, or receptual and conceptual, [199], [200];
growth of, in child, [200-212], [228], [229-234]
Semitic. See [Languages]
Sensation in relation to perception and reason, [37];
and to other mental faculties in general, [48]
Sentence and sentence-words, [296] et seq.
Sicard, Abbé, on syntax of gesture-language, [116]
Sight, superior use of sense of, by man, [366], [367]
Signs and sign-making. See [Language]
Simple ideas. See [Ideas]
Skeat, Professor, on Aryan roots of English, [266]
Skinner, Major, on intelligence of elephants, [98]
Smith, Rev. S., on ideation of deaf-mutes, [150]
Snakes, understanding by, of tones of human voice, [124]
Solomon, quoted, [195]
Somnambulism in animals, [149]
Speech. See [Language]
Spider, intelligence of, [62], [63], [153], [207]
Steinthal, on ideas, [45];
first issue of his Zeitschrift, [240];
on roots of language, [277];
on onomatopœia, [286];
on primitive forms of predication, [318]
Stephen, Leslie, on intelligence of the dog, [54]
Stephen, Sir James, on dependence of thought upon language, [85]
Street, A. E., on vocabulary of a young child, [143], [144]
Substantive. See [Noun] and [Verb]
Sullivan, Sir J., on talking birds, [130]
Sully, J., on ideas, [40], [41];
on illusions of perception, [49];
on rise of self-consciousness in the growing child, [201-203], [207], [210], [212]
Sweet, on animistic thought of primitive man, [275];
on the evolution of grammatical forms, [306], [315], [316]
Syntax, of gesture-language, [107-120];
of different spoken languages, [246], [247];
of gesture-language in relation to that of early speech, [339-342], [385]
Syriac language. See [Language]
T
Taine, on psychogenesis of the child, [26], [66], [67], [180], [181];
on abstract ideas, [31], [32];
on self-consciousness, [212]
[Thought], distinguished from reason, [12];
dependent on language, [30], [31];
simplest element of, [165], [174], [215], [216];
animistic, of primitive and savage man, [275];
not necessary to naming, [226], [336-339]
Toads, understanding by, of tones of human voice, [124]
Tone. See [Language]
Tools, said to be only used by man, [19];
names of, derived from activities requiring only natural organs, [345-347];
used by monkeys, [382]
Threlkeld on language of savages, [349]
Transposition. See [Languages]
Tschudi, Baron von, on the Khetshua language, [262], [263]
Turkish language. See [Language]
Tylor, on sign-making by Indians and deaf-mutes, [105-108], [113-117];
on articulate sounds instinctively made by deaf-mutes, [122];
on ideation of deaf-mutes, [150]
V
Varro on roots of Latin, [267]
[Verbs], appropriately used by parrots, [130], [152];
substantive, [167], [308-312];
early use of, by children, [219];
early origin of, [274];
not differentiated in early forms of speech, [295] et seq.;
development of, [275], [307], [308], [385], [386]
Voice. See [Language]
[Volition] of man and brutes compared, [8]
W
Waitz, Professor, on self-consciousness, [212];
on the sentence as the unit of language, [296]
Wallace, A. R., on intelligence of savage man in relation to his cerebral development, [15], [16]
Ward on the descent of man, [365]
Wasps, sign-making by, [88-90]
Watson on understanding of words by brutes, [125]
Wedgwood, on roots of language, [268];
on onomatopœia, [288]
Westropp, H. M., on intelligence of a bear, [51]
Whitney, Professor, on dependence of thought upon words, [83];
on superiority of voice to gesture in sign-making, [147], [148];
on our ignorance of polysynthetic languages, [255], [256];
on monosyllabic origin of language, [267];
on civilization of the Aryan race, [272];
on the growth of language, [290];
on priority of words to sentences, [333], [334];
on fundamental metaphor, [343];
on the possibly speechless condition of primitive man, [369]
Wildman on bees understanding tones of human voice, [124]
Wilkes, Dr. S., on talking birds, [131], [132], [136]
Will. See [Volition]
Wolf, intelligence of, [53]
Wright, Chauncey, on language in relation to brain-weight, [16];
on self-consciousness, [199], [206], [207], [212]
Wundt, Professor, on latent period in seeing and hearing, [146];
on self-consciousness, [197], [200], [201], [208], [211], [212];
on evolution of language, [265];
on the distinction between ideas as general and generic, [279], [280];
on objective phraseology of primitive speech, [301];
on sentence-words, [304]
Y
Youatt on a pig being taught to point game, [97]
Z
Zend language. See [Language]
Zoological affinity between man and brute, [19]