INDEX.
Abdominal vein in Anure Amphibian, [158]
in Reptilia, [167]
in Iguana, [160]
in Urodele Amphibian, [157]
viscera of Macacus rhesus, [77]
Abnormal positions of appendix, [277]
Abomasum, [49]
Accipenser sturio, biliary ducts in, [145]
pyloric appendices in, [120]
ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Ailuroidea, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Alimentary canal of Ammocœtes, [42]
of Amphioxus, [42]
of Belone, [40]
of Chelydra, [58]
of Cyclostomata, [40], [42]
derivation of epithelium, [30]
of muscular and connective tissue, [30]
differentiation from body-cavity, [21], [29]
divisions of, [38]
early developmental stages, [21], [29]
mammalian embryonal stages, [40]
of Esox, [40]
of Echelus conger, [54]
of Necturus, [40]
of Petromyzon, [200]
of Proteus, [40]
primitive type, [40], [42]
of Pseudemys elegans, [55]
of Rana, [55]
separation from yolk-sac, [22]
tract of Necturus maculatus, [52]
of Tamandua, [56]
Allantois in Amniota, [36]
arteries of, [63], [146]
derivation from alimentary canal, [35]
function of, [36]
relation to placenta, [36]
to primitive intestine, [24]
to urinary bladder, [24]
Alligator mississippiensis, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
stomach of, [51]
Ammocœtes, alimentary canal of, [42]
pancreas in, [117]
Ammodytes, pyloric appendix in, [120]
Amnion, definition of, [36]
Amniota, development of liver in, [143]
Amphibia, development of pancreas, [115]
folds of intestine in, [196]
ileo-colic junction of, [201]
Amphibians, biliary ducts in, [145]
intestinal canal of, [191]
Amphioxus, alimentary canal of, [42]
hepatic diverticulum of, [43]
intestinal canal of, [191]
Anthropoid apes, ileo-cæcal folds of, [274]
Anthropoidea, ileo-colic junction of, [213]
Anthropomorpha, ileo-colic junction of, [216]
Anguilla anguilla, stomach of, [47]
Anure Amphibian, abdominal vein of, [158]
cardiac vein in, [158]
musculo-cutaneous vein in, [158]
pelvic vein in, [158]
post-cava in, [158]
pre-cava in, [158]
venous system in, [158]
Aorta, early condition of intestinal branches, [32]
Aortal arterial system, development of, [63]
Aplacentalia, definition of, [36]
Appendix, abnormal positions of, [277]
absence of, [249]
influence of dorsal vascular fold on shape of, [271]
origin of, and shape of cæcum, [245]
position and peritoneal relations of, [250]
variations of peritoneal relations, [258]
Arctoidea, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Arctopithecus marmoratus, ileo-colic junction of, [208]
Arctopithecini, ileo-colic junction of, [214]
Arrest of development before intestinal rotation, [60]
Arteries, of allantois, [64], [146]
Artery, caudal, [64]
ileo-colica, [66]
colica dextra, [66]
media, [66]
coronary, [181]
external iliac, [64]
gastro-epiploica sinistra, [108]
hepatic, [65], [179]
ileo-colic, [262]
inferior mesenteric, [67]
internal iliac, [64]
pancreatico-duodenalis inferior, [66]
omphalo-mesenteric, [64], [146]
sacralis media, [64]
splenic, [65], [108]
superior mesenteric, [64], [65]
umbilical, [64]
vitelline, [64], [146]
Artiodactyla, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Arvicola pennsylvanicus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [211]
Asymmetrical type of ileo-colic junction, [223]
Ateles, ileo-cæcal folds of, [261]
ater, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Axial mesoderm, connection with splanchnic and somatic mesoderm, [22]
Bassaris astuta, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Batrachians, stomach of, [44], [46]
Belone, alimentary canal of, [40]
Biliary ducts in Accipenser, [145]
in Amphibians, [145]
arrangement of, [145]
in birds, [145]
in Buceros, [145]
in calf, [145]
in dog, [145]
in Galeopithecus, [145]
in Lophius, [145]
in Lutra, [145]
in Monotremes, [145]
in Phoca, [145]
in Reptilia, [145]
in sheep, [145]
in Tarsius, [145]
in Trigla, [145]
in Xiphias, [145]
Birds, folds of intestine in, [196]
glandular stomach of, [50]
biliary ducts in, [145]
ileo-colic junction of, [203]
muscular stomach of, [50]
venous system of, [161]
Blastoderm, [20]
layers of, [21]
primitive, [20]
Blastodermic vesicle, [20]
Blastomeres, [20]
Blastula, [20]
Blastosphere, [20]
Body-cavity, development of, [21]
primitive condition of, [29]
Body-wall, [22]
Boselaphus tragocamelus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
Bos indicus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
spiral colon of, [233]
Bradypus marmoratus, ileo-colic junction of, [208]
stomach of, [51]
Brunner’s glands, [194]
Buceros, biliary ducts in, [145]
Bursa epiploica in lower forms, [187]
Cæca of the anthropoidea, compared with the human, [247]
Cæcal gastric appendices of Dicotyles, [48]
Cæcum and appendix, changes in position during development, [239]
development of, [237]
morphology of, [237]
variations of, [244]
descent of, [76], [243]
of embryo, shape of, [245]
first appearance in human embryo of, [53]
function of, [219]
non-descent in adult, [75]
persistent subhepatic position in adult, [75]
in the Rodentia, [229]
shape of, and origin of appendix, [245]
types of, [245]
in the Ungulata, [229]
Calf, biliary ducts in, [145]
Camel, gastric water-cells, [49]
Canal, medullary, [21], [28]
neuro-enteric, [23]
Canis familiaris, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Capra ægagrus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [209]
Cardiac vein in Anure Amphibian, [158]
Cardinal veins, anterior, [147]
posterior, [147]
Carnivora, gastric diverticula of, [48]
ileo-colic junction of, [212]
stomach of, [46], [47]
Carnivorous birds, stomach of, [50]
Casuarius, duodenum, biliary and pancreatic ducts of, [115]
intestinal villi of, [195]
Castor fiber, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [211]
stomach of, [46]
Cat, development of pancreas, [115]
dorsal mesogastrium, spleen and pancreas, [126]
lesser peritoneal sac, [128]
spleen, pancreas and great omentum, [127]
Caudal artery, [64]
vein in Selachian, [154]
in Urodele Amphibian, [156]
Caudate lobe, [170]
Cebidæ, ileo-colic junction of, [214]
Cebus leucophæus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [216]
monachus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [216]
Cell-body, [19]
Cellulæ coli, [199]
Ceratodus, spiral intestinal valve in, [119]
Cercoleptes caudivolvulus, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Cercopithecus campbellii, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
pogonias, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
sabæus, ileo-cæcal folds of, [264]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Cervicapra, intestinal folds of, [196]
Cervus sika, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
spiral colon of, [233]
Cetacea, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Cetaceans, stomach of, [49]
Changes in position during development of cæcum and appendix, [239]
Cheek pouches, [48]
of Macacus nemestrinus, [48]
Cheiroptera, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Chelonians, liver of, [144]
stomach of, [45], [46]
Chelydra, alimentary canal of, [58]
pancreas of, [117]
serpentaria, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
Chick, development of liver in, [143]
development of pancreas in, [115]
Chlamydophorus, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Cholœpus didactylus, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Chrysothrix sciureus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Cleft, uro-genital, [27]
Cloaca, development of, [24]
division of, in higher vertebrates, [27]
in human embryos, [26]
in Platypus anatinus, [26]
structure of, in lower vertebrates, [25]
in Iguana tuberculata, [25]
Cloacal membrane, [24]
anal segment, [28]
uro-genital segment, [28]
Cœliac axis, [65]
Cœlom, composition and derivation of walls, [29]
development of, [21]
primitive condition of, [29]
Colic bend of the Manidæ, [234]
loop in Phascolarctos, [234]
Colico-phrenic ligament, [109]
Colon, ascending, adhesions of, [81]
position of, in fœtus, [84]
and cæcum of Lagomys pusillus, [232]
descending, adhesion of, [81]
relation of, to left kidney, [83]
position as influenced by fœtal liver, [77]
spiral coil of, [233]
structural modifications of, [230]
Coluber natrix, stomach of, [44]
Common bile duct, [145]
Comparative anatomy of hepatic venous circulation, [154]
of liver, [144]
Comparison of human and anthropoid cæca, [247]
Connective tissue and muscular fibers, derivation of, [30]
Coprodæum, [25]
Coronary artery, [181]
ligaments of liver, [173]
Corvus, cæca of, [203]
Costo-colic ligament, [109]
Crocodiles, stomach of, [46], [51]
Crop, [48]
Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
Cyclostomata, divisions of alimentary canal of, [40], [42]
intestinal canal of, [191]
spiral intestinal valve of, [119]
Cyclothurus didactylus, ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [207]
Cyclura teres, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [202]
Cynocephalus anubis, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
babuin, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
porcarius, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
sphinx, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Cynoidea, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Cynomorpha, ileo-colic junction of, [213]
Cyprini, stomach of, [44]
Cystic duct, [146]
development of, [142]
Cysto-enteric duct, [145]
Dasyprocta agouti, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [211]
spiral colon of, [234]
Dasypus sexcinctus, ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [207]
Dasyurus viverinus, ileo-colic junction of, [206]
Descent of cæcum, [243]
Derivatives of entodermal intestinal tube, [34]
Deuteroplasm, [19]
Development of cæcum and appendix, [237]
of cystic duct, [142]
of gall-bladder, [142]
of liver, [141]
in amniota, [143]
in chick, [143]
in Elasmobranchs, [143]
in Teleosts, [143]
of portal circulation, [147]
of spiral colon, [233]
of transverse colon, [244]
of vascular system of liver, [145]
Dicotyles, cæcal gastric appendices of, [48]
torquatus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [209]
Didelphis, ileo-cæcal folds of, [263]
virginiana, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [205]
Digitiform gland of Selachians, [201]
Dipnœans, intestinal canal of, [191]
spiral intestinal valve in, [119]
Diverticulum cæcum vitelli in birds, [35]
in Urinator imber, [35]
lumme, [35]
vateri, [114]
Dog, biliary ducts in, [145]
Dorsal mesentery, early condition and derivation, [32]
in lower vertebrates, [32]
smooth muscular fiber of, [33]
mesogastrium, area of adhesion to parietal peritoneum, [106]
developmental changes in direction and extent, [103]
definition of, [100], [101]
gastro-splenic segment, [108]
redundant omental growth, [105]
spleen and pancreas in cat, [126]
vertebro-splenic segment, [108]
vascular ileo-cæcal fold, [262]
fold, influence on shape of appendix, [271]
Double cæcal pouches of birds, [203]
Ducts of Cuvier, [147]
in Selachian, [155]
in Urodele amphibian, [156]
omphalo-mesenteric, [22]
of Santorini, [111]
vitello-intestinal, [22]
of Wirsung, [111]
development of, [112]
Ductus venosus, [149]
changes after birth in, [152]
Duodenal antrum, [194]
fold of cat, [92]
of Hapale vulgaris, [93]
inferior, [95]
of Nasua rufa, [92]
superior, [95]
fossæ, [92]
superior, [94]
vascular relations, [95], [96]
loop, [54]
Duodeno-colic neck, [57]
Duodeno-jejunal fossa in the cat, [93]
Duodenum, adhesion of, [67]
development of, [53]
peritoneal relations of infra-colic segment, [81]
of supra-colic segment, [81]
suspensory muscle of, [33]
with biliary and pancreatic ducts, of Casuarius, [115]
Echidna hystrix, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [204]
Echelus conger, alimentary canal of, [54]
ileo-colic junction of, [200]
intestinal mucosa of, [197]
endgut of, [199]
pyloric appendix of, [120]
Ectoderm, [21]
Edentata, ileo-colic junction of, [206]
types of ileo-colic junction and cæcum in, [218]
Egg, development of, [20]
structure of, [19]
Elasmobranchs, development of liver in, [143]
Elephas indicus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
Embryonal intestinal hernia, [52]
Embryonic shield, [20]
Embryo, separation of, [20]
Endgut of Echelus, [199]
extent and contained segments, [38]
function of, [198]
in lower vertebrates, [199]
Enteric canal, primitive condition of, [29]
Entoderm, [21]
derivatives of, [28]
Entodermal intestinal tube, derivatives of, [34]
Epiblast, [21]
Epiploic bursa, [107]
early stages of, [104]
Epithelium of alimentary canal, derivation of, [30]
Erethizon dorsatus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [211]
Esox, alimentary canal of, [40]
Eunectes marinus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [203]
External iliac artery, [63]
perineal folds, [28]
Fœtus at term, venous system of, [162]
Falciform ligament, as part of ventral mesogastrium, [165]
Felis, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
leo, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Fish, development of pancreas, [115]
folds of intestine, [196]
ileo-colic junction of, [200]
Fissipedia, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Fissure, transverse anal, [27]
Folds, ileo-cæcal, [260]
Follicles, solitary, [196]
Foramen of Winslow, [174]
boundaries in adult human subject, [184]
caudal boundary, [178]
in lower mammals, [183]
relation to duodenal adhesion, [184]
in Tamandua bivittata, [183]
Foregut, comparative anatomy of, [42]
divisions of, [191]
extent and contained segments, [38]
Formative yolk, [19]
Fossa duodeno-jejunalis, [96]
ileo-cæcal, [260]
intersigmoidea, [97]
of Treitz, [92], [96]
Function of cæcum, [219]
of pyloric appendices, [221]
of pyloric cæca, [221]
of spiral fold of intestinal mucous membrane, [220]
Furrow, primitive intestinal, [22]
Gadus callarias, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
pyloric appendices in, [120]
Galeopithecus, biliary ducts in, [145]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
Gall-bladder, development of, [142]
occurrence of, [144]
Gastric diverticula of Carnivora, [48]
of Herbivora, [48]
of Omnivora, [48]
Gastro-hepatic omentum, as part of ventral mesogastrium, [165]
Gastro-splenic omentum, [109]
Genito-urinary sinus, [27]
tract, male, in Platypus anatinus, [26]
Germinal area, [20]
membrane, [20]
spot, [19]
vesicle, [19]
Glands of Lieberkühn, [194]
Glandular stomach of birds, [50]
Gobius, stomach of, [45]
Gorilla savagei, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [216]
Graafian follicle, [19]
Greater curvature, first appearance of, [41]
Groove, medullary, [21]
primitive intestinal, [22]
Halicore, ileo-colic junction of, [208]
Halmaturus derbyanus, ileo-cæcal folds of, [263]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [205]
stomach of, [47]
Hapale jacchus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
vulgaris, duodenal fold, [93]
Heloderma suspectum, ileo-colic junction of, [211]
Hepatic antrum of lesser sac, [170]
artery, [65]
development of, [179]
in relation to foramen of Winslow, [180]
relation to duodenal adhesion, [182]
relation to primitive dorsal mesentery, [182]
cylinders, [143]
ducts, [145]
flexure, formation of, [76]
recess of lesser sac, [177]
ridge, [142]
veins, [148]
venous circulation, comparative anatomy of, [154]
direction of current, [152]
summary of development, [153]
Hepatic-portal system in Selachian, [155]
in Urodele Amphibian, [157]
vein in Iguana, [160]
Hepato-cystic duct, [145]
Hepato-enteric duct, [145]
Herbivora, gastric diverticula of, [48]
stomach of, [46], [47]
Herbivorous birds, stomach of, [50]
Herons, cæcum of, [204]
stomach of, [50]
Hippopotamus, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Human cæca compared with those of the Anthropoidea, [247]
Herpestes griseus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
ichneumon, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Hyæna striata, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Hylobates hoolock, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [216]
Hypoblast, [21]
Hyracoidea, ileo-colic junction of, [210]
Hyrax capensis, ileo-colon, ileo-cæcum and colic cæca of, [210]
large intestine and cæca of, [234]
Iguana, abdominal vein of, [160]
cæcal pouch and valves of, [202]
hepatic-portal vein of, [160]
post-cava of, [159]
renal-portal system of, [159]
sciatic vein of, [160]
segmental veins of, [161]
tuberculata, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [201]
cloaca in, [25]
ventral mesogastrium of, [166]
Ileo-cæcal folds, aberrant types of, [276]
of the anthropoid apes, [274]
of Ateles, [261]
of Cercopithecus sabæus, [264]
of Didelphis, [263]
and fossæ, [260]
of Halmaturus derbyanus, [263]
of Mycetes fuscus, [264]
smooth muscular fibers of, [33]
fossa, anterior, [267]
posterior, [271]
fossæ, aberrant types of, [276]
Ileo-colic artery, [262]
junction of Accipenser sturio, [201]
of Alligator mississippiensis, [201]
of Amphibia, [201]
of the Arctoidea, [212]
of the Ailuroidea, [212]
of Arvicola pennsylvanicus, [211]
of the Anthropoidea, [213]
of the Anthropomorpha, [216]
of the Artiodactyla, [209]
of the Arctopithecini, [214]
of Arctopithecus marmoratus, [208]
of Ateles ater, [214]
of Bassaris astuta, [212]
in birds, [203]
of Boselaphus tragocamelus, [210]
of Bos indicus, [210]
in the Carnivora, [212]
of Canis familiaris, [212]
of Capra ægagrus, [209]
in cases of arrested intestinal rotation, [241]
of Castor fiber, [211]
of the Cebidæ, [214]
of Cebus, [215]
leucophæus, [216]
monachus, [216]
of Cercoleptes caudivolvulus, [212]
of Cercopithecus campbellii, [214]
pogonias, [214]
sabæus, [214]
of Cervus sika, [210]
of the Cetacea, [209]
of Chlamydophorus, [207]
of Cheiroptera, [212]
of Chelydra serpentaria, [201]
of Cholœpus didactylus, [207]
of Chrysothrix sciureus, [214]
of Corvus, [203]
of Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis, [201]
of Cyclothurus didactylus, [207]
of Cyclura teres, [202]
of Cynocephalus, [213]
anubis, [214]
babuin, [214]
porcarius, [214]
sphinx, [214]
of the Cynoidea, [212]
of the Cynomorpha, [213]
of Dasyprocta agouti, [211]
of Dasypus sexcinctus, [207]
of Dasyurus viverinus, [206]
of Dicotyles torquatus, [209]
of Didelphis virginiana, [205]
of Echelus conger, [200]
of Echidna hystrix, [204]
of the Edentata, [206]
effect of rotation on position of, [59]
of Elephas indicus, [210]
of Erethizon dorsatus, [211]
of Eunectes marinus, [203]
of Felis, [212]
leo, [212]
in fish, [200]
of the Fissipedia, [212]
of Gadus callarias, [201]
of Galeopithecus, [213]
of Gorilla savagei, [216]
of Halicore, [208]
of Halmaturus derbyanus, [205]
of Hapale jacchus, [214]
of Heloderma suspectum, [204]
of the herons, [204]
of Herpestes ichneumon, [212]
of Hippopotamus, [209]
of Hyæna striata, [212]
of Hylobates hoolock, [216]
of Hyracoidea, [210]
of Hyrax capensis, [210]
of Iguana tuberculata, [202]
of the Insectivora, [213]
of Lagothrix humboldtii, [215]
of Lamellirostra, [203]
of Lemur macaco, [213]
mongoz, [213]
of the Lemuroidea, [213]
of Lepus cuniculus, [211]
of Macacus, [214]
cynomolgus, [214]
ochreatus, [214]
pileatus, [214]
rhesus, [214]
of mammalia, [204]
of Manatus americanus, [208]
of Manis longicauda, [208]
of Marsupialia, [204]
of Monotremata, [204]
of Midas geoffrei, [214]
ursulus, [214]
of Monodon, [209]
of Mustela, [212]
of Mycetes cabaya, [214]
fuscus, [215]
of Myoxus, [211], [212]
of Myrmecophaga jubata, [207]
of Nasua rufa, [212]
of Necturus maculatus, [201]
non-vascular serous folds, [262]
of Nycticebus tardigradus, [213]
of Nyctipithecus commersonii, [214]
of Ornithorhynchus anatinus, [204]
of Orycteropus, [208]
of Oryx leucoryx, [210]
of Otolicnus crassicaudatus, [273]
of Paradoxurus typus, [212]
of Perameles nasuta, [206]
of the Perissodactyla, [210]
of Phascolarctos cinereus, [205]
of Phascolomys wombat, [206]
of Phocæna, [209]
of Phoca vitulina, [212]
of Physeter, [209]
of the Pinnipedia, [212]
of the piscivorous divers, [203]
of Pithecia satanas, [215]
of Pleuronectes maculatus, [201]
of the Primates, [213]
of the Proboscidea, [210]
of Proteles lalandii, [212]
of Pseudemys elegans, [201]
of Pteropus medius, [212]
of Rana catesbiana, [201]
of the Ratitæ, [203]
of Reptilia, [201]
of the Rodentia, [211]
serial review in Vertebrata, [200]
of the Sirenia, [208]
of Simia satyrus, [216]
of Strix, [203]
of Struthio africanus, [204]
of Sus scrofa, [209]
asymmetrical type, [223]
symmetrical type, [221]
of Tamandua bivittata, [208]
of Tapirus americanus, [210]
of Tarsius spectrum, [213]
of Tatusia novemcincta, [207]
of Taxidea americana, [212]
of Tolypeutes, [207]
of Trichosurus vulpinus, [205]
of Troglodytes niger, [217]
types of, and cæcum, [217]
in Edentata, [218]
in Marsupialia, [218]
of Ursus, [212]
of the Ungulata, [209]
of Vulpes fulvus, [212]
vascular mesenteric folds of, [262]
of Xenurus, [207]
of Zalophus gillespiei, [212]
Iliac vein in Urodele Amphibian, [157]
Inferior mesenteric artery, [67]
Infra-colic compartment, secondary parietal peritoneum of, [85], [86]
Insectivora, ileo-colic junction of, [213]
Intermediate duodenal fold, [96]
non-vascular ileo-cæcal fold, [262]
Internal iliac artery, [63]
perineal folds, [27]
Intestinal blood vessels, effect of intestinal rotation on, [59]
canal of Amphioxus, [191]
of Amphibians, [191]
of Cyclostomata, [191]
diverticula, [193]
of Dipnœans, [191]
of Teleosts, [191]
folds of mucosa, [193]
non-differentiated, of lower vertebrates, [191]
folds in Amphibia, [196]
in birds, [195]
in fish, [196]
furrow, primitive, [22]
glandular apparatus in lower vertebrates, [195]
groove, primitive, [22]
juice, function of, [194]
mucous membrane of Cervicapra, [196]
of Echelus conger, [197]
Lophius, [197]
lymphoid tissue, [196]
of Phocæna, [196]
of Thalassochelys, [197]
rotation, [58]
arrest of development, [60]
demonstration in cat, [67]
spiral fold, function of, [193]
vascular supply, [63]
in cases of non-rotation, [67]
villi of Carnivora, [195]
of Casuarius, [195]
of Ophidia, [195]
of Ursus maritimus, [195]
Intestine in early human embryo, [52]
general consideration of, [51]
large, and cæca of Hyrax, [234]
functions of, [198]
length of, [199]
of monkeys, [199]
of rodents, [199]
width of, [199]
small, [192]
absorbing apparatus, [195]
divisions of, [194]
length of, [192]
secretory apparatus, [194]
structure of, [194]
villi, [195]
Isthmus, duodeno-colic, [57]
Jejuno-ileum, development of, [54]
Labrus, stomach of, [44]
Lagomys pusillus, colon and cæcum of, [232]
Lagothrix humboldtii, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [215]
Lamellirostra, ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [203]
Lateral vein in Selachian, [155]
Lemur macaco, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
mongoz, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
Lemuroidea, ileo-colic junction of, [213]
Lepus cuniculus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [211]
saccus lymphaticus of, [211]
Lesser curvature, first appearance of, [41]
Ligament, colico-lienale, [109]
of ductus venosus, [152]
gastro-lienale, [110]
lieno-renale, [109]
phrenico-lienale, [109]
Ligamenta coli, [199]
Liver in Chelonians, [144]
comparative anatomy of, [144]
derivation of, [34]
development of, [141]
function of, [195]
lobation of, [144]
in Ophidia, [144]
peritoneal lines of reflection in embryo, [167]
in fœtus at term, [171]
peritoneal relations of, [167]
of Petromyzon, [141]
unilobar type, [144]
Lophius, biliary ducts in, [145]
piscatorius, mucosa of midgut, [197]
pyloric appendices in, [120]
stomach of, [46]
Lungs, derivation of, [34]
Lutra, biliary ducts in, [145]
stomach of, [48]
Lymphoid tissue of intestinal mucosa, [196]
Macacus cynomolgus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
descending mesocolon of, [140]
lesser omentum of, [176]
mesosigmoidea in, [140]
nemestrinus, cheek-pouches of, [48]
ochreatus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
peritoneum of infra-colic compartment, [136]
pileatus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
relations of spleen and great omentum, [139]
rhesus, abdominal viscera, [77]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Mammalia, ileo-colic junction of, [204]
pancreatic ducts in, [117]
Manatus americanus, ileo-colic junction and bifid cæcum of, [208]
stomach of, [48]
Manis longicauda, ileo-colic junction of, [208]
Manidæ, colic bend of, [234]
Marsupalia, ileo-colic junction of, [204]
types of ileo-colic junction and cæcum in, [218]
Meckel’s diverticulum, [35]
serous folds connected with, [262], [263]
Medullary canal, [21]
groove, [21]
plates, [21]
Membrane, cloacal, [24]
Mesenchyma, [30]
Mesenteric peritoneum, definition of, [32]
Mesentery, absorption of, [33]
definition of, [101]
jejuno-ileal, line of attachment, [86]
of umbilical loop, development of, [56]
relation to adult mesocolon and mesentery, [72]
Mesoblast, [21]
Mesocola in cat, [86]
Mesocolic fossa, [97]
Mesocolon, ascending, adhesion of, [82]
in monkeys, [83]
relation of, to right kidney, [83]
definition of, [101]
descending, adhesion of, [82]
in fœtus, [83]
line of attachment of, [83]
in lower mammals, [83]
in Macacus, [140]
in monkeys, [83]
transverse, root of, [85]
Mesoderm, [21]
derivatives of, [28]
Mesoduodenum, adhesion of, [67]
definition of, [101]
Mesorectum, definition of, [101]
Mesosigmoidea, definition of, [101]
in Macacus, [140]
Mesothelium, [21]
Metanephros, [24]
Midas geoffrei, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
ursulus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Monodon, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Monotremata, ileo-colic junction of, [204]
Monotreme, structure of penis, [26]
Monotremes, biliary ducts in, [145]
Morphology, general, of vertebrate intestine, [190]
of human cæcum and appendix, [237]
Morula, [20]
Moschus, stomach of, [49]
Muscular stomach of birds, [50]
Musculo-cutaneous vein in Anure Amphibian, [158]
Mustela, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Mycetes cobaya, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
fuscus, ileo-cæcal folds of, [264]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [215]
Myoxus, alimentary canal of, [211], [212]
stomach of, [46]
Myrmecophaga jubata, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Myxinoids, pancreas in, [117]
Nasua rufa, duodenal fold of, [92]
ileo-colic junction of, [212]
pancreatico-gastric folds of, [181]
Necturus, alimentary canal of, [40]
maculatus, alimentary tract of, [52]
ileo-colic junction of, [201]
stomach of, [43]
venous system of, [158]
Neuro-enteric canal, [23]
Non-vascular ileo-cæcal folds, [262]
Nucleolus, [19]
Nucleus, [19]
Nutritive yolk, [19]
Nycticebus tardigradus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
spiral colon of, [234]
Nyctipithecus commersonii, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [214]
Œsophageal gutter of ruminants, [49]
Œsophageo-gastric junction, [45]
Omega loop, development of, [77]
Omental bursa, [107]
early stages of, [104]
Omentum, great, [107]
layers of, [107]
peritoneal adhesions in adult, [131]
relation of, to transverse colon, transverse colon and duodenum, [129]
lesser, as part of ventral mesogastrium, [165]
divisions of, [172]
in Macacus, [176]
Omnivora, gastric diverticula of, [48]
Omphalo-mesenteric arteries, [64], [146]
artery, persistence of rudiments of, [65]
duct, [22]
veins, [146]
Ophidia, intestinal villi of, [195]
liver in, [144]
stomach of, [44], [46]
Oral pouches, [48]
Ornithorhynchus anatinus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [204]
Orycteropus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [208]
Oryx leucoryx, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
spiral colon of, [233]
Otolicnus crassicaudatus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
Ovis aries, spiral colon of, [233]
Ovum, structure of, [19]
Owl, stomach of, [50]
Pancreas, adhesion of, [67]
adhesion of mesoduodenal segment, [123]
in Ammocœtes, [117]
in Chelydra, [117]
comparative anatomy of, [116]
concealed, of Teleosts, [117]
derivation of, [34]
development of, in Amphibia, [115]
of, in cat, [115]
of, in chick, [115]
of, in fish, [115]
of, in lower vertebrates, [115]
of, in man, [111], [115]
of, in sheep, [115]
in fœtal pig, [123]
function of, [195]
in Myxinoids, [117]
peritoneal relations, [122]
vascular and visceral relations of adult, [125]
in Protopterus, [117]
relation to dorsal mesogastrium, [123]
to mesoduodenum, [122]
to omental bursa, [123]
in Selachians, [116]
Pancreatic ducts in Mammalia, [117]
normal arrangement, [113]
secondary, [111]
variations, [114]
Pancreatico-gastric folds in man, [187]
in Nasua rufa, [181]
Papilla Vateri, [114]
Paradoxurus typus, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Paralichthys, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Parietal mesoderm, [21]
peritoneum, definition of, [32]
Pelamys, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Pelvic vein in Anure Amphibian, [158]
Perameles nasuta, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [206]
Perca, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Perennibranchiates, stomach of, [44], [46]
Perissodactyla, ileo-colic junction of, [210]
Peritoneal cavity, lesser, summary and development of structure, [180]
relations and position of appendix, [250]
of appendix, variations of, [258]
sac, lesser, of cat, [128]
Peritoneum, arrangement in infra-colic compartment, [78]
of cat, compared with human arrangement, [73]
of infra-colic compartment in adult human subject, [88]
lesser cavity of, in relation to liver, [174]
of liver, in relation to lesser sac, [174]
secondary lines of reflection, [73]
of supra-colic compartment, general considerations, [99]
Petromyzon, alimentary canal of, [200]
liver of, [141]
spiral intestinal valve of, [119]
Peyer’s patches, [196]
Phascolarctos cinereus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [205]
colic loop in, [234]
Phascolomys wombat, ileo-colic junction, cæcum and appendix of, [206]
Pteropus medius, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Phoca, biliary ducts in, [145]
vitulina, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
stomach of, [45]
Phocæna communis, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
intestinal folds, [196]
Phylogeny of types of ileo-colic junction and cæcum, [217]
Physeter, ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Physiology of vertebrate intestine, [190]
Pickerel, pyloric valve of, [45]
stomach of, [44]
Pinnipedia, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Pipa, stomach of, [46]
Piscivorous divers, cæca of, [203]
Pithecia satanas, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [215]
Placental circulation, [146]
Placentalia, definition of, [36]
Platypus anatinus, male genito-urinary tract and cloaca, [26]
Pleuronectes maculatus, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
pyloric appendices in, [120]
Pleuro-peritoneal cavity, [28]
Plicæ coli, [199]
Polypterus, pyloric appendix in, [120]
Portal circulation, development of, [147]
vein, development of, [148]
Position and peritoneal relations of appendix, [250]
Post-anal gut, [23]
Post-cardinal veins in Urodele Amphibian, [157]
Post-cava in Anure Amphibian, [158]
in Iguana, [159]
in Urodele Amphibian, [157]
Post-caval vein, [151]
Pre-cava in Anure Amphibian, [158]
Primates, ileo-colic junction of, [213]
types of ileo-cæcal folds in, [265]
Primitive aortæ, [63]
common dorsal mesentery, [33]
dorsal mesentery after rotation, [79]
mesentery, effect of intestinal rotation on, [59]
mesenteric segment, [72]
mesocolic segment, [72]
jugular veins, [147]
Proboscidea, ileo-colic junction of, [210]
Proctodæum, [24], [26]
in human embryos, [27]
Protoplasm, [19]
Protopterus, pancreas in, [117]
Proteus, alimentary canal of, [40]
anguineus, stomach of, [43]
Proteles lalandii, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Proventriculus, [50]
Psalterium, [49]
Pseudemys elegans, alimentary canal of, [55]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [201]
Pyloric appendices, [119]
function of, [221]
in Accipenser, [120]
in Gadus, [120]
in Lophius, [120]
in Paralichthys, [120]
in Pelamys, [120]
in Perca, [120]
in Pleuronectes, [120]
in Rhombus, [120]
in Scomber, [120]
in Thynnus, [120]
relation to pancreas, [121]
significance of, [120]
appendix in Ammodytes, [120]
in Echelus, [120]
in Polypterus, [120]
cæca, [119]
function of, [221]
stomach, [50]
valve, [44]
in fishes, [45]
of loon, [45]
Rana, alimentary canal of, [55]
catesbiana, ileo-colic junction of, [201]
esculenta, venous system of, [158]
Ratitæ, ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [203]
Rectal gland of Selachians, [201]
Rectangular ileo-colic junction, [225]
Recto-coccygeal muscles, [33]
Recto-uterine muscles, [33]
Rectum, development of, [54]
separation from genito-urinary sinus, [27]
Renal-portal circulation in Urodele Amphibian, [156]
system in Selachian, [154]
in Iguana, [159]
Reptilia, abdominal vein, [167]
biliary ducts in, [145]
ileo-colic junction of, [201]
Retro-gastric peritoneal space, boundaries of, [175]
space, rudimentary form of, [105]
Retro-peritoneal hernia, [92]
Reticulum, [49]
Rhombus, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Rodentia, cæcal pouch of, [229]
compound stomach of, [49]
ileo-colic junction of, [211]
spiral colic valve of, [231]
Rodents, saccus lymphaticus of, [196]
Round ligament of liver, [152]
Rumen, [49]
Ruminantia, structure of stomach in, [49]
Saccus lymphaticus of Lepus cuniculus, [211]
of Rodents, [196]
Salamandra maculosa, venous system of, [158]
Salivary glands, derivation of, [34]
Saurians, stomach of, [44], [46]
Sciatic vein in Iguana, [160]
Scincus ocellatus, stomach of, [45]
Scomber, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Segmental veins in Iguana, [160]
Segmentation, [20]
Segmentation-cavity, [20]
Selachian, caudal vein in, [154]
digitiform gland of, [201]
duct of Cuvier, [155]
hepatic portal system of, [155]
lateral vein of, [155]
pancreas in, [116]
rectal gland of, [201]
renal portal system of, [154]
spiral intestinal valve in, [119]
venous system, [154]
Semnopithecus, stomach of, [47]
Septum urogenitale, [27]
transversum, [142]
Serous folds in cases of Meckel’s diverticulum, [262], [263]
membrane, derivation of, [31]
Shape of cæcum and origin of appendix, [245]
of embryonic cæcum, [245]
Sheep, biliary ducts in, [145]
development of pancreas, [115]
Sigmoid flexure, development of, [54], [77]
Simia satyrus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [216]
Sinus venosus, [146]
Sirenia, ileo-colic junction of, [208]
Soft palate, [42]
Somatic mesoderm, [21]
Spigelian lobe, boundaries of, [170]
development of, [169]
recess of lesser sac, [177]
Spiral coil of colon, [233]
colic valve of Rodentia, [231]
colon of Bos indicus, [233]
of Cervus sika, [233]
of Dasyprocta agouti, [234]
development of, [233]
of Nycticebus tardigradus, [234]
of Oryx leucoryx, [233]
of Ovis aries, [233]
fold of intestinal mucous membrane, function of, [220]
intestinal valve in Ceratodus, [119]
in Cyclostomata, [119]
in Dipnœans, [119]
in Petromyzon, [119]
valve of gastric diverticulum in Sus, [48]
Splanchnic mesoderm, [21]
Spleen, development and relation to dorsal mesogastrium, [108]
and great omentum in Macacus, [139]
pancreas and great omentum in cat, [127]
peritoneal relations, [110]
vascular connections, [108]
Splenic artery, [65], [108]
flexure, development of, [54], [76]
vessels, peritoneal relations, [109]
Stomach of Alligator, [51]
assumption of special functions modifying form of, [48]
of Anguilla anguilla, [47]
of Batrachians, [44], [46]
of Bradypus, [51]
cæcal diverticula of, [47]
of Carnivora, [46], [47]
of carnivore birds, [50]
of Castor, [46]
cellular structures connected with, [47]
of Cetaceans, [49]
changes in position during development, [102]
of Chelonians, [45], [46]
of Coluber natrix, [44]
comparative anatomy of, [42]
of Crocodiles, [46], [51]
of the Cyprini, [44]
definition of, as segment of foregut, [43]
embryonic borders and surfaces, [41]
factors modifying form of, [43]
first differentiation in human embryos, [40]
further development in human embryos, [40]
glandular, of birds, [46]
of Gobius, [45]
of Halmaturus, [47]
of heron, [50]
of Herbivora, [46], [47]
of herbivorous birds, [50]
influence of habitual amount of food on form of, [44]
of size and shape of abdominal cavity on form of, [46]
of volume and character of food on form of, [46]
of Teleosts, [46], [47]
of Labrus, [44]
of Lophius, [46]
of Lutra, [48]
of Manatus americanus, [48]
of Moschus, [49]
masticating surfaces of, [48]
of Myoxus, [46]
of Necturus maculatus, [43]
of Ophidia, [44], [46]
of owl, [50]
of Perennibranchiates, [44], [46]
of Phoca vitulina, [45]
of the pickerels, [44]
of Pipa, [46]
of Proteus anguineus, [43]
relation to vagus nerve, [43]
ruminant type of, [43]
of Saurians, [44], [46]
of Scincus ocellatus, [45]
of Semnopithecus, [47]
storage compartments of, [48]
structural modifications of, increasing action of gastric juice, [46]
of Tamandua, [51]
transverse position of, [45]
type-form of, [43]
Stomadæum, [24]
in human embryos, [27]
Strix, cæca of, [203]
Structural modifications of colon, [230]
Struthio africanus, ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [204]
Sturgeon, pyloric valve of, [45]
Subintestinal veins, [147]
Submucosa, derivation of, [30]
Superior mesenteric artery, [64], [65]
relation to umbilical loop, [66]
Suspensory ligament of liver, derived from ventral mesogastrium, [165]
Sus scrofa, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [209]
spiral valve of gastric diverticulum in, [48]
Symmetrical type of ileo-colic junction, [221]
Tænia coli-, [199]
Tamandua, alimentary tract of, [56]
bivittata, foramen of Winslow in, [183]
ileo-colic junction and cæca of, [208]
stomach of, [51]
Tapirus americanus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [210]
Tarsius, biliary ducts in, [145]
spectrum, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [213]
Taxidea americana, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
Tatusia novemcincta, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Teleosts, anal and genito-urinary orifices in, [25]
concealed pancreas of, [117]
development of liver in, [143]
gastric diverticula of, [47]
intestinal canal of, [191]
stomach of, [46], [47]
without pyloric appendices, [120]
Thalassochelys, intestinal folds of, [197]
Thymus, derivation of, [34]
Thynnus, pyloric appendices in, [120]
Thyroid, derivation of, [34]
Tolypeutes, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Transverse anal fissure, [27]
colon, development of, [54], [244]
differentiation of, [76]
mesocolon, development of, [80]
Trichosurus vulpinus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [205]
Trigla, biliary ducts in, [145]
Troglodytes niger, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [217]
Types of ileo-cæcal folds in Primates, [265]
ileo-colic junction and cæcum, phylogeny of, [217]
Umbilical arteries, [63]
hernia of embryo, [52]
loop, derivation of adult intestinal segments from, [53]
divisions of, [52]
of embryonic intestine, [52]
relation of vitello-intestinal duct to, [52]
veins, [147]
changes after birth in, [152]
final arrangement, [151]
further changes in, [149]
intra-hepatic distribution, [152]
vesicle, [22]
Umbilicus, [21]
Ungulata, cæcal pouch of, [229]
ileo-colic junction of, [209]
Urinary bladder, in human embryos, [27]
relation to allantois, [24]
Urinator imber, diverticulum cæcum vitelli, [35]
lumme, diverticulum cæcum vitelli, [35]
pyloric valve of, [45]
Urodæum, [25]
Urodele Amphibian, abdominal vein in, [157]
caudal vein in, [156]
ducts of Cuvier in, [156]
hepatic-portal system of, [157]
iliac vein in, [157]
post-cardinal veins in, [157]
post-cava in, [157]
renal-portal system in, [156]
venous system of, [156]
Uro-genital cleft, [27]
Ursus, ileo-colic junction of, [212]
maritimus, intestinal villi, [195]
Uvula, [42]
Vagus, gastric distribution of, [43]
Valves of Kerkring, [196], [197]
Valvulæ conniventes, [196], [197]
Variations of cæcum and appendix, [244]
in the peritoneal relations of the appendix, [258]
Vasa intestini tenuis, [66]
Vascular mesenteric folds of ileo-colic junction, [262]
system of liver, development of, [145]
Vein, portal, development of, [148]
Veins, anterior cardinal, [147]
hepatic, [148]
omphalo-mesenteric, [146]
posterior cardinal, [147]
primitive jugular, [147]
subintestinal, [147]
umbilical, [147]
vitelline, [146]
hepaticæ advehentes, [147]
revehentes, [147]
Venous system in Anure Amphibian, [158]
of bird, [161]
of human fœtus at term, [162]
of Necturus maculatus, [158]
of Rana esculenta, [158]
in Selachian, [154]
of Salamandra maculosa, [158]
of Urodele Amphibian, [156]
Ventral mesentery, early condition and derivation, [31]
mesogastrium, [163]
in Iguana, [166]
and liver, [140]
relation to duodenum, [164]
relation to liver, [105]
to umbilical vein, [165]
vascular ileo-cæcal fold, [262]
Vertebrate intestine, general morphology and physiology, [190]
Visceral mesoderm, [21]
peritoneum, definition of, [32]
Vitelline arteries, [64], [146]
membrane, [19]
sac, [20]
veins, [146]
anastomosis of, [147]
Vitello-intestinal duct, [22]
Vitellus, [19]
Vulpes fulvus, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Water-cells of camel’s stomach, [49]
Wolffian duct, relation to primitive intestine, [24]
Xenurus, ileo-colic junction of, [207]
Xiphias, biliary ducts in, [145]
Yolk, [19]
Yolk-sac, [20]
Zalophus gillespiei, ileo-colic junction and cæcum of, [212]
Zona pellucida, [19]