REFERENCES
(The numbers of volumes are given throughout in thick type; the dates are between brackets, and the page-references follow in ordinary figures.)
[1] Cordier, "Mémoire sur les substances dites en masse, qui entrent dans la composition des Roches Volcaniques," Journ. de Physique, 83 (1816), 135, 285, and 352.
[2] On specific gravity of mineral grains see especially W. J. Sollas, Nature, 43 (1891), 404.
[3] Sorby, Q. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, 14 (1858), 453.
[4] Katzer, "Geologischer Führer durch Bosnien," IX internat. Geologencongress (1903), 190.
[5] A. W. Rogers, "Geology of Cape Colony," ed. 2 (1909), 401.
[6] Linck, "Die Bildung der Oolithe u. Rogensteine," Neues Jahrb. für Min., 16 (1903), 495.
[7] Daly, "The Limeless Ocean," Amer. Journ. Sci., Ser. 4, 23 (1907), 104, and "Evolution of the Limestones," Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. 20 (1909), 153.
[8] A. R. Horwood, Geol. Mag. (1910), 173; and Cole and Little, ibid. (1911), 49, with references to literature.
[9] "The Atoll of Funafuti," Roy. Soc. London (1904).
[10] M. Ogilvie (Gordon), "Coral in the Dolomites," Geol. Mag. (1894), 1 and 49, and later papers.
[11] Gardiner and Reynolds, "The Portraine Inlier (Co. Dublin)," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 53 (1897), 532.
[911] Walther, "Einleitung in die Geologie als historische Wissenschaft"; 3ter. Theil, "Lithogenesis der Gegenwart" (1894), 707.
[12] See Nichols, Field Columbian Museum, Geology, 3 (1906).
[13] Skeats, "Limestones from upraised coral islands," Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, 42 (1903), No. 2.
[14] See generally W. Meigen, "Neuere Arbeiten über die Entstehung des Dolomits," Geol. Rundschau, 1 (1910), 49.
[15] Skeats, "Origin of the Dolomites of southern Tyrol," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 61 (1905), 97.
[16] Pfaff, "Beiträge über die Entstehung des Magnesits u. Dolomits," Neues Jahrb. für Min., Beilage Bd. 9 (1894), 485.
[17] Garwood, "On the origin of the concretions in the Magnesian Limestone of Durham," Geol. Mag. (1891), 433.
[18] Skeats, op. cit., [ref. 15], p. 135.
[19] J. J. H. Teall, "On dedolomitisation," Geol. Mag. (1891). 513, and Rep. Brit. Assoc. (1903).
[20] J. S. Howe, "Geology of Building Stones" (1910), 353.
[21] Hinde, "On Beds of Sponge remains in the south of England," Phil. Trans. (1885), Pt. 2, 427.
[22] Sollas, "On the structure of the genus Catagma," Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, 2 (1878), 361. Also ibid., 6 (1880), 447.
[23] Cayeux, "Étude micrographique des Terrains sédimentaires," Mém. Soc. Géol. du Nord., 4 (1897), 443.
[24] Jukes-Browne, "The amount of disseminated silica in the Chalk in relation to flints," Geol. Mag. (1893), 545.
[25] Guppy, "Observations of a Naturalist in the Pacific: Vanua Levu" (1903), chap. xxv.
[26] Rogers, op. cit., [ref. 5], p. 403.
[27] Judd, "On the unmaking of Flints," Proc. Geol. Assoc., 10 (1887), 217. Also Hintze, "Handbuch der Mineralogie," 1 (1906), 1473.
[28] Grund, in Stille's "Geologische Charakterbilder," Heft 3 (1910).
[29] Rullmann, "Handbuch der technischen Mykologie," 3 (1904-6), and refs. in Centralblatt für Bakteriologie (1904 and onwards).
[30] Hinde, "Catalogue of Fossil Sponges," Brit. Mus. (1883), 28.
[31] Rogers, "Geology of Cape Colony," ed. 1 (1905), 373.
[32] Ibid., 357.
[33] Lyons, "Libyan Desert," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 50 (1894), 534 and 545.
[34] Victorian Naturalist, 27 (1910), 90.
[35] Sorby, "Structure and origin of non-calcareous stratified rocks," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 36 (1880), Proc., 63.
[36] Phillips, "Constitution and history of Grits and Sandstones," ibid., 37 (1881), 6.
[37] A. Daubrée, "Geologie expérimentale" (1879), 256.
[38] Phillips, op. cit., [ref. 36], p. 26.
[938] J. Barrell shows how wind-borne sand may form a covering to the dry and sun-cracked surface of a lake-deposit; "Relation between climate and terrestrial deposits," Journ. Geol., 16 (1908), 280.
[39] Lake and Rastall, "Text-book of Geology" (1910), 297. Compare C. Lapworth, "Intermediate Text-book of Geology" (1899), 176, and "Geological Structure of N. W. Highlands," Geol. Surv. Scotland (1907).
[939] See A. B. Searle, "The Natural History of Clay" (1912).
[40] Hall, "The Soil," ed. 2 (1908), 34, and E. J. Russell, "Clay," Standard Cyclopedia of Modern Agriculture (1908).
[41] Reade and Holland, "Sands and Sediments," Proc. Liv. Geol. Soc. (1903-6).
[42] Andrussow, "La Mer Noire," Guide des Excursions, viime Congrès géol. internat. (1897).
[43] B. Smith, "Upper Keuper Sandstone," Geol. Mag. (1910), 302. Compare F. Cresswell, Trans. Leicester Lit. and Phil. Soc. (1910).
[44] J. Murray and A. Renard, "Deep Sea Deposits," Challenger Rep. (1891), 231.
[45] Ibid., 234.
[46] Ibid., 229.
[47] Harker, "Slaty Cleavage and allied rock-structures," Rep. Brit. Assoc. (1885).
[48] Leith, "Rock Cleavage," Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 239 (1905).
[49] Lamplugh, "Geology of Isle of Man," Mem. Geol. Surv. Gt. Brit. (1903), 72-86.
[50] Darwin, "Geological Observations on S. America" (1846), chap. vi.
[51] Reade and Holland, "Green Slates of the Lake District, with a Theory of Slaty Cleavage," Proc. Liv. Geol. Soc. (1900-1), 124.
[52] A. Harker, "On 'eyes' of Pyrites &c.," Geol. Mag. (1889), 396.
[53] T. N. Dale illustrates an extreme case, "Slate Deposits of U.S.," Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv., No. 275 (1906), 31.
[54] Harker, op. cit., [ref. 47], p. 19.
[55] Leith, op. cit., [ref. 48], p. 152.
[56] I. Russell, "Glaciers of N. America" (1897), 25.
[57] See, for instance, T. W. Edgeworth David, "Evidences of glacial action in Australia," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 52 (1896), 289.
[58] For general discussions of Igneous Rocks, see J. J. H. Teall, "British Petrography" (1888); H. Rosenbusch, "Mikroskopische Physiographie," ed. 4 (1905-7); F. Zirkel, "Lehrbuch der Petrographie," ed. 2 (1894); A. Harker, "Natural History of Igneous Rocks" (1909); J. P. Iddings, "Igneous Rocks," 1 (1909).
[59] Cross, Iddings, Pirsson, and Washington, "Quantitative Classification of Igneous Rocks" (1903).
[60] Harker, op. cit., [ref. 58], p. 186.
[61] Iddings, op. cit., [ref. 58], p. 130 &c.
[62] Ibid., pp. 228-241.
[63] Scrope, "Considerations on Volcanos" (1825), 141.
[64] G. A. J. Cole and J. W. Gregory, "Variolitic Rocks of Mt Genèvre," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 46 (1890), 311.
[65] A. Geikie, "Ancient Volcanoes of Gt Britain," 1 (1897), 25. Also C. Reid and H. Dewey, "Pillow lava of Cornwall," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 64 (1908), 264.
[66] Anderson, "Volcano of Matavanu," ibid., 66 (1910), 632.
[67] Dewey and Flett, "British Pillow lavas," Geol. Mag. (1911), 202 and 241.
[68] Steinmann, "Die Schardtsche Ueberfaltungstheorie &c.," Ber. nat. Gesell. Freiburg i. B., 16 (1905), 44.
[69] Doelter, "Petrogenesis" (1906), 33 and 109-123.
[70] Harker, op. cit., [ref. 58], p. 82.
[71] Iddings, op. cit., [ref. 58], p. 280.
[72] Brögger, "Die Eruptionsfolge bei Predazzo," Vidensskab. Skrifter (1895), No. 7, p. 152.
[73] Daly, "Secondary origin of certain Granites," Am. Journ. Sci., Ser. 4, 20 (1905), 185, with useful references to Bayley and others.
[74] Hawes, "The Albany granite and its contact phenomena," ibid., Ser. 3, 21 (1881), 31.
[75] G. A. J. Cole, "Geology of Slieve Gallion," Sci. Trans. R. Dublin Soc., 6 (1897), 242.
[76] Daly, "Mechanism of igneous intrusion," Am. Journ. Sci., Ser. 4, 15 (1903), 269, and later.
[77] For a recent review in favour of this theory, see Loewinson Lessing, "The fundamental problems of Petrogenesis," Geol. Mag. (1911), 248 and 289.
[78] Darwin, "Geological Observations on volcanic islands" (1844), chap. VI.
[79] Brögger, "Die Eruptivgesteine des Kristianiagebietes" (1894 &c.).
[80] Harker, op. cit., [ref. 58], chaps. XIII and XIV.
[81] Daly, "Origin of the alkaline rocks," Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 21 (1910), 108, and "Magmatic differentiation in Hawaii," Journ. Geol., 19 (1911), 309. See, however, H. I. Jensen, as to primitive accumulation of alkalies in the upper layers; "The distribution of Alkaline Rocks," Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 33 (1908), 521.
[82] Schwarz, "Causal Geology" (1910).
[83] Doelter, op. cit., [ref. 69], pp. 71-213.
[84] Judd, "On Tertiary gabbros &c.," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 42 (1886), 54.
[85] Harker, op. cit., [ref. 58], p. 90, and Nature (Sept 1911), 319. See also Jensen, ref. 81, p. 522.
[86] Dewey and Flett, op. cit., [ref. 67], p. 245.
[87] Steinmann, op. cit., [ref. 68], p. 64.
[88] See especially W. J. Sollas, "The volcanic district of Carlingford," Trans. R. I. Acad., 30 (1894), 502.
[89] A. Geikie, op. cit., [ref. 65], 2, 344 and fig. 348.
[90] Branner, "Decomposition of rocks in Brazil," Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 7 (1896), 255.
[91] Macculloch, "Description of the Western Islands of Scotland," 1 (1819), 267.
[92] For general discussions of Metamorphic Rocks, see A. Delesse, "Études sur le Métamorphisme des Roches" (1858); Lehmann, "Untersuchungen über die Entstehung der altkrystallinischen Schiefergesteine" (1884); A. Geikie, "Text-book of Geology" (1903), 764-807 and 728; Van Hise, "A Treatise on Metamorphism," U. S. Geol. Survey, Mon. 47 (1904); U. Grubenmann, "Die krystallinen Schiefer," ed. 2 (1909); A. Geikie and others, "The Geological Structure of the N. W. Highlands of Scotland," Mem. Geol. Surv. Scotland (1907).
[93] D'Aubuisson de Voisins, "Traité de Geognosie" (1819), 1, 298.
[95] Teall, "Metamorphosis of Dolerite into Hornblende-Schist," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 41 (1885), 133.
[96] T. G. Bonney, "The parent rock of the diamond in S. Africa," Geol. Mag. (1899), 309.
[97] R. Lepsius, "Geologie von Deutschland," 2ter. Teil (1903), 146 and 169; H. Credner, "Die Genesis des sächsischen Granulitgebirges," Renuntiations-programm (1906).
[98] Harker, "Igneous Rocks of Skye," Mem. Geol. Surv. Scotland (1904), 115.
[99] Lévy, "Excursion à Aydat," Bull. Soc. géol. France (1883), 916; "Granite de Flamanville," Bull. Carte géol. France 5 (1893), 337.
[100] F. D. Adams, "Haliburton and Bancroft areas," Mem. Geol. Surv. Canada, No. 6 (1910), 120.
[101] G. A. J. Cole, "Metamorphic rocks in E. Tyrone and S. Donegal," Trans. R. I. Acad., 31 (1900), 453.
[102] W. B. Wright and E. B. Bailey, "Geology of Colonsay," Mem. Geol. Surv. Scotland (1911), 28.
[103] Judd, "Statical and dynamical metamorphism," Geol. Mag. (1889), 246.
[104] Scrope, op. cit., [ref. 63], p. 234.
[105] Darwin, op. cit., [ref. 78], chap. VII.
[106] See especially J. Horne and E. Greenly, "Foliated Granites &c. in E. Sutherland," Q. Journ. Geol. Soc., 52 (1896), 633.
[107] Lawson, "Geology of Rainy Lake Region," Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Canada for 1887 (1888).
[108] Compare Chamberlin and Salisbury, "College Text-book of Geology" (1909), 428, and other works by these authors.
[109] Sederholm, "Om granit och gneis i Fennoskandia" (with English summary), Bull. Comm. géol. Finlande, No. 23 (1907), and elsewhere.