INDEX

A
Accelerate while clutch is being engaged, [168]
Accelerator, lubrication of, [41]
Accelerator pedal, [20];
what it does, where placed, [160]
Accessories, electric, cause trouble, [282]
Air in tires, plenty of, before leaving garage, [308]
Alcohol, in freeze-proof solution, how much to use, [192]
Alignment, why wheels are not set in perfect, [101], [102], [103]
Ammeter, [20], [109];
needle erratic, cause of, [283]
Anti-freezing solution, [164], [165];
necessary in winter, [191];
best to use, [193];
home-made, cheapest and just as efficient, [193];
composition of, depends on temperature, [193];
sometimes wise to replace with hot water to start engine, [194]
Armature, increasing speed of, [117]
Armature winding, trouble in, [277]
Asphalt, dried, how to remove from car, [241]
Asphyxiation from gasoline fumes, [225];
how to avoid, [226]
Automobile, value of, what it depends on, [4];
schools, [7];
half knowledge of, an obstacle, [8];
description and essentials of, [12];
how to pull out when stuck, [86];
steering compared with steering of boats of different types, [102];
setting of wheels compared with bicycle, [105];
will steer with broken tie rod, [106];
how to start with engine running, [166];
how to stop, [168];
how to reverse, [169];
cleaning of, [175], [236];
may be kept in commission in many cold places the year round, [191];
any modern make, if kept in good condition will climb worst hill, [229];
to prepare for a tour, [244];
trouble hunting must be systematic, [272];
trouble, best way to find, [273];
not a fad, [301]
Automobile body, how to care for gloss of, [242]
Automobile fires, causes of, [214]
Auxiliary air valve, adjust for high speeds, [309]
Axle, rear, description, [13];
forward, description and location, [14]
Axle shaft, rear, wind felt around, to keep oil away from brake lining, [96]
B
Back-firing, cause of fires, [214];
how to prevent, [220]
Bands, brake, how arranged, [97]
Batteries, two should be carried, [157]
Battery, [15];
source of current, [10];
necessity of first testing, [109], [114];
ignition, [120];
be sure it is sufficiently charged before leaving garage, [157];
must be filled oftener in hot weather, [206];
packed around with waste, sometimes causes fire, [217];
test before touring, [248];
inspect, in case of trouble, [276];
rules for care of, [312];
indications and causes of a discharged, [313]
Battery and coil ignition system, [15]
Battery to magneto, switch from, [309]
Battery trouble, [123];
more difficult to keep charged in winter, [123];
instance of starving battery, [124], [125];
must not be overcharged, [125];
less efficiency in cold weather, [126];
now furnishes all current used, [126];
sediment in, [126];
can be charged overnight, [127];
former battery “don’ts,” [127];
average life of battery, [128]
Bearings, crank, [17];
lubrication of wheel, [43];
definition, different types, [149];
of engine, form and construction, how oiled, [150];
of ignition system, form and lubrication, [152];
carburetor and throttle, [152], [153];
spark-control, starter, [153];
steering-gear, transmission propeller shaft, [154];
other, [155];
need additional care in summer, [208];
loose, cause knocking, [258];
tight, cause knocking, [259];
grit in, due to loss of hub cap, [270]
Belts fan, troubles, how to care for, [200]
Bicycle, setting of wheel compared with automobile, [105]
Boats of different types, steering of, compared with steering of automobile, [102]
Bolts, dropped from cars, [268];
absence of, cause squeaks, [269];
examination of, [269];
brake-linkage, [271];
dust-pan, [271];
must know location of, [271];
tighten, once a month, [271]
Bottle, rubber hot-water, for heating carburetor, [194]
Brake, use of engine as a, [95], [234], [247];
running, when needed, how operated, [158];
emergency, its use, how operated, [159], [308]
Brake bands, how arranged, [97]
Brake drums, description and location, [14], [15];
how injured, [98];
keep free from oil, [247]
Brake-lever, emergency, [20], [159];
lubrication of, [41]
Brake lining, can be ruined, [95];
oil on, its cause, the results, how to prevent, [96];
wears thin, [98];
when necessary to replace, [98];
rivets of, [98];
how to save, [247]
Brake linkage, [15], [97];
bolts, [271]
Brake mechanism, oiling of, important, [97]
Brake pedal, [20]
Brake rods, worn, cause clattering, [264]
Brakes, affect tires, [72];
badly or unevenly adjusted, cause skidding, [80], [88];
more important than the engine, manufacturers constantly improving, [93];
must be continually watched, [94];
other means of braking, [95];
use of, on hills, [95], [172], [173];
oil in lining, what causes it, how to prevent it, [96], [97];
lubrication necessary, [97];
failure of lining, [98];
hand and foot, [98], [99];
adjustment of both, for best effect, [99];
inspect both sets before touring, [246];
use two sets alternately, [247]
Brass, remove corrosion from, with cleaning compound, [239];
how to keep from corrosion, [239]
Breaker points cause trouble, [292]
Bulbs, electric light, extra set, [31]
Bursting of radiator, pipes, and water-jacket prevented by proper freeze-proof solution, [193]
C
Cam, loose, causes knocking, [259];
follower guide causes knocking, [259];
shafts to adjust, [309]
Cams, worm, cause knocking, [259]
Carbon, on valves, [67];
secondary current absorbed by, [119];
acts as a condenser, [119];
short circuits spark plug, [120];
in engine causes over-heating, [202];
remove, before touring, [247];
causes knocking, [251];
reduces size of combustion chamber, [252];
bits of, in unusual places, cause trouble, [272];
on valve seats, [274]
Carbon dioxide, in gasoline fumes, [224];
monoxide, in gasoline fumes, [224]
Carbonic acid gas, in gasoline fumes, [224]
Carburetor, location, [15];
what it does, [23];
float, [23];
adjustment to limit gasoline supply, [47];
affected by weather, [53];
varieties of, [55];
test for, [56];
adjustment of, [56], [57];
poor adjustment of, [68];
bearings, [152];
priming, [166];
works worst in cold weather, [185];
manufacturers constantly improving efficiency of, [185], [186];
desired which will vaporize heavy gasoline in cold weather, [186];
stove and water-jacket both needed for cold weather, [186];
will work better if hot air is first introduced, [187];
“stove” put out by many manufacturers, [187];
with water-jacketed mixing chamber, [187];
devices for heating, [194];
hot weather treatment, [206];
inspect in case of trouble, [275];
how to adjust a, [309];
learn construction before attempting to adjust, [309]
Caster effect of inclined knuckle pins, [105]
Castor oil for harsh-gripping clutch, [310]
Cautions, miscellaneous important, [176]
Chains, cross, [82];
non-skid, how to adjust, [81], [82];
often drop links, [270]
Chain tool, convenience of, [29]
Chamber, combustion, [17]
Chamois skin, [52], [241]
Charge, of gasoline and air, [17];
in combustion chamber, how fired and when, [22]
Chart, Y. M. C. A., general trouble, [279]
Chassis, construction of, [13];
position of, [13];
how to clean, [239]
“Chauffeur,” real meaning “stoker,” [320]
Chauffeurs, faults of, [6];
must now have technical electrical knowledge, [282], [283], [284];
show generally an increase
in neatness and cleanliness and improvement in manners, [321]
Choke, or priming device, [162]
Circuit, breaker, [16];
complete necessary, [108];
secondary, gap in, [112];
secondary, heavy insulation absorbs current, [119]
Clattering caused by worn brake rods, [264]
Cleaning car, [175], [236];
cleaner it is kept, longer it will run satisfactorily, [236];
oil and grease should be removed from outside of engine, [237], [238];
from wire terminals and spark plugs, [238];
from cylinders, remove corrosion from brass, [239];
keep iron parts from rusting, [239];
fan, fan belt, pulleys, and casings, [239];
chassis and parts under car, [239];
how to make a “creeper” to lie on while working under car, [240];
cleaning the body with hose and water, [240];
drying with chamois and cloth, [241];
how to remove dried mud and asphalt, [241];
do not use soap, [241];
use running water if possible, [242];
preparations for renewing varnished surface, [242];
cleaning and treatment of the top, [242];
keep car covered in garage, [242];
slip covers, [243];
fumes from stable or barnyard will dull varnish, [243];
barn used for garage should be renovated, [243]
Clearance between valve stems, and push rods causes trouble, [290]
Click caused by rear driving shaft, instance of, [262]
Climbing hills, [171]
Clogging of muffler, [145], [146]
Cloth, use of, in cleaning car, [241]
Clutch, cone, [18];
multiple disc, [18];
location of, [18];
pedal, [20];
lever lubrication of, [41];
affects tires, [71];
where placed, its purpose, how it works, [158];
how to use with accelerator pedal, [168];
use in hill-climbing, [172];
engage gradually, [177];
expanding, instance connected with, [289];
rules for care of, [310]
Clutch pedal, where placed, [158]
Cold weather, starting, in, [184]
Combustion, [67]
Combustion chamber, [17];
charge in, how fired and when, [22];
oil in, [48], [49];
reduced in size by carbon, [252]
Commutators, driver must know how to sandpaper, [282];
and to undercut the insulation of, [283];
sparking at the, [283]
Complications on car, increase comfort, but add to worries, [284]
Compression, how maintained, [24];
absence of, [53];
test before touring, [248];
too high, causes knocking, [251], [260];
necessary to start engine, [273];
tests in case of trouble, [273];
when it occurs, [274]
Compression chamber, instance of stopping knocking by increasing size, [252]
Compression stroke, [17]
Condenser, may need examination, [121]
Cone clutch, [18]
Congested streets, driving in, [173]
Connecting rod, [17], [68];
bearing, causes knock, [256], [258]
Connection, loose, results of, [283]
Connector, battery, [276]
Conveniences, added, have made more trouble, [280], [281]
Cooling, principle of, [15];
different system, [15]
Corners, how to turn, [170]
Cotter pins, supply to all nuts before touring, [248];
lost in street, [268];
absence of, causes squeaks, [269]
Courtesy in motoring, [317];
more noticeable in the West than in the East, [318];
absence of, in ill-bred drivers, [319];
speech by Hon. Francis M. Hugo, general requirements and desirable qualities of men who are trusted to run automobiles on the public roads, [319]
Covers for radiator, [195]
Crank, [17];
where placed and carried, [157];
missing, instance of, [287]
Crank bearings, [17]
Crank case, [16];
water in, [68];
to be drained, cleaned, and refilled before touring, [245]
Crank-pin bearings cause knocking, [258]
Crank shaft, revolutions in complete cycle, [17];
bearing causes knocking, [258];
bent, causes knocking, [259]
Crank the engine, how to, [166]
Cranking engine, no use when switch is off, [285];
five things to do before, [308];
three things to do after, [309]
Creeper, to lie on in working under car, how to make, [240]
Crossings, railway, extra care necessary, [180]
Crown of the road causes slipping, [90]
Current, electric, course of, [108];
break in, order of tests to find, [109];
more used in starting in winter, [126]
Cut-out, object, [144];
now prohibited and unnecessary, [145];
sometimes causes fires when opened in garage, [216]
Cut-out, reverse current, [283]
Cuts in tires, [70]
Cycle of the engine, number of strokes, [17]
Cylinders, [16];
importance of testing, [24];
size of, in relation to air taken in, [47];
proper power from each, [61];
worn oval, [67];
water in, [68];
outside kept free from oil and grease, [238];
raised by fiber gasket, [252];
loose on base, causes knock, [256];
worn causes knocking, [259];
loose due to lost washers or pins, [270];
test for compression, [274]
D
Dashboard, wires and pipes, dials and gauges and switches on, [284]
Death from gasoline fumes, [224];
how to avoid, [226]
Descending hills, use of engine as a brake, [172]
Differential, location and purpose of, [13];
housing, [13];
rules for care of, [311]
Disc clutch, multiple, [18]
Distance between cars, necessary to keep enough, [87]
Distributor, [16];
dirty, causes knocking, [260];
examine in case of trouble, [276]
Doors of garage left open when engine is running, [227]
Drivers must look out for pedestrians, [296]
Drive shaft, [19]
Driving, [156];
in congested streets, [173]
Drums, brake, description and location, [14], [15];
how injured, [98];
keep free from oil, [247]
Dry cells may be carried while touring, [248]
Dust pan, parts drop into, [269]
E
Electric, bulbs, extra set needed while touring, [249];
lights and accessories cause trouble, [282]
Electrical, equipment, [108];
trouble, tests for, [109];
systems, knowledge of, necessary to operate and care for a modern car, [282], [283], [284]
Electricity, static, causes fires, [217]
Electrolite, replenish with water, [312]
Electrolitic action set up by salt in freeze-proof solution, [192]
Emergencies, be prepared for, with proper tools, [27]
Emergency brake, lever, [20], [159];
to be set, [308]
Engine, three things necessary to start, [10], [273];
three things necessary to keep running, [10], [21];
location of, [15];
description of, [16];
cycle, number of strokes in, [17];
power in, how secured, [22];
use of, as a brake, [95], [172], [234];
gap in secondary circuit helps to start, [112];
skips at low speeds, [116];
missing at high and low speeds, how to overcome, [116], [117];
bearings, [150];
how to start, [165];
to prevent stalling, [167];
speed of, learn to judge by sound, [167];
stalls on a hill, what to do if, [172];
missing due to cold weather, [184];
higher temperature to the boiling point of water, best for efficiency, [189], [197];
efficiency of, improved by covering radiator when running against the wind, [190];
two things necessary to operate in winter, [191];
freeze-proof solution, what to use, [191];
priming in cold weather, [194];
to start, sometimes necessary to substitute hot water for anti-freezing solution, [194];
runs better in winter when fan is disconnected, [195];
radiator cover necessary in cold weather, [195];
overheating in summer causes trouble, [197];
knocking at high speed, [198];
overheats when driven at high speed with spark retarded, [198];
overheating caused by sediment in radiator, [199];
overheating caused by careless stretching of hose, [201];
overheating rarely caused by pump, [201];
keep free from carbon to prevent overheating, [202];
will climb worst hills, if kept in good condition, [229];
remove oil and grease from outside, [237], [238];
remove carbon before touring, [247];
knocks from too high compression caused by carbon, [251];
knocking stopped by raising cylinder, [252];
loose on frame, causes knocking, [259];
loose, due to lost washers or pins, [270];
oil and water necessary to keep running, [273];
conditions existing in case of trouble, [273];
stalled on crossing, instance of, [287];
five things to do before cranking, [308]
Engine oil, for multiple disc clutch, [311]
Equipment, which may be purchased separately, [24];
electrical, [108];
extra, to be carried on car, [157]
Exhaust, steam from, in cold weather, [50]
Exhaust pipe, [15];
may set fire to car, [215], [216];
fumes from, cause death, [224];
how to prevent, [226];
composition of fumes, [226]
Exhaust stroke, [17]
Exhaust valves, sticking, cause knock, [257];
carbon in, [274]
Expansion of charge, [17]
Expense of upkeep, [73]
Explosion, none, from gasoline, [222]
Extinguisher, fire, necessary, [218];
dry and liquid, [223];
carry while touring, [249]
F
Fan, disconnect in cold weather, [195];
formed by spokes of fly-wheel, [200];
collects dust, [239];
causes knocking, [260]
Fan belts, troubles of, how to care for, [200];
collects dust, [239];
coupling, causes knocking, [259]
Fan blades cause knocking, [259]
Feed systems, gravity, pressure, and vacuum, [163]
Felt, use of, to prevent oil on brake linings, [96]
Fence rail as jack, [30]
File, interrupter point, [28]
Fire, causes of, [214], [215], [216], [217], [218], [221];
extinguisher necessary, [218];
don’t run away from, stay and fight hard, [220];
to put out, use sand, salt, or patent extinguisher, [222];
carry extinguisher while touring, [249]
First-aid kit, [32]
Five things to do before cranking engine, [308]
Float in carburetor, [23]
Fly wheel, [17];
spokes of, forming fan, [200];
loose, causes knocking, [259];
out of balance, causes knocking, [259]
Force, how produced in a gasoline engine, [17]
Force-feed lubrication, [16]
Four things to do before leaving garage, [308]
Freeze-proof solution, for engine, [191];
composition of, depends on temperature, [192];
best to use, [193];
home-made, cheapest and just as efficient, [193];
sometimes wise to replace, with hot water to start engine, [194]
Fresh-air problem, solution of, [301]
Fuel supply systems, [16];
tank, [16]
Fuller’s earth for slipping clutch, [310]
Fumes of gasoline cause death, [224];
chemical changes, composition of, [224], [226];
heavier than air, [225];
how to avoid, [226];
intoxication from, [227], [228]
Fumes from stable or barnyard affect polished auto bodies, [243]
“Furnace,” hot-air for warming air before it enters carburetor, [187]
Fuse, [109];
substitute for, in horn, [113]
G
Gap in secondary circuit, [112]
Garage doors, leave open while engine is running, [227]
Garage, what to do before leaving, [157], [308];
opening near floor for escape of gasoline fumes, [227]
Gaskets, intake manifold, [53];
dented or jammed, [64];
under cylinders increase size of compression chamber, and stop knocking, [253], [254]
Gas knock, [257]
Gasoline, and air, charge of, [17];
under what conditions it explodes, [21];
proportion of vapor to air to produce good combustion, [21];
causes of excessive use of, [46];
adjustment of carburetor to limit supply of, [47];
needs oxygen for complete consumption, [47];
water in, [52];
strainer for, [52];
different qualities of, [55];
cost of, [58];
economy of, [61], [62], [63];
loss through leaking, [65];
excess of, indicated by black smoke, [68];
affects tires, [72];
examine supply before leaving garage, [157];
feed systems, [163];
teakettle and dishrag method of vaporizing, [184], [188], [194];
volatility of, decreasing, [185];
present supply has higher heat-producing quality when vaporized, but heavier, harder to vaporize in cold weather, [186];
heat necessary to change from liquid to vapor, [186], [187];
stove makes vaporization easier, [187];
when vaporized, sometimes condenses again in cold engine, [187];
stove and water jacket both needed in cold weather, [188];
vaporizes properly in a warm garage, some condenses in cold air, [188];
unnecessary amount used by retarded spark, [198];
less required in hot weather than in cold, [206];
in drip-pan, cause of fire, [215];
burns, does not explode under normal conditions, [221];
will not explode unless vaporized, [222];
fire, how to put out, [222];
fumes, of, cause death, [224];
chemical changes, composition of fumes of, [224-226];
fumes of, heavier than air, [225];
how to avoid fumes of, [226];
intoxication from fumes of, [227], [228];
loosens up grease and oil in cleaning car, [238];
carry extra supply when touring, [246];
necessary to start engine, [273];
inspect, in case of trouble, [275];
used for slipping clutch, [310]
Gasoline tank, where placed, how gasoline supply is maintained, [162];
examine in case of trouble, [275]
Gas-pipe, carbon in, [272]
Gear, low-speed, as a brake, [95];
high-speed, run on as much as possible, [168];
always turn corners on second speed, [171]
Gear casings, collect dust, [239];
refill before touring, [245]
Gear shifting, [137];
necessary for proper adjustment of load to speed, [138];
noiseless shifting desirable, [138];
how best to shift from first to second, and second to third, [139];
how best to shift from third to second, and second to first, [139], [140];
when to go back to second, to first, [140];
don’t shift too soon, [140];
in hill climbing, [140];
how to make a silent shift on a hill, [141];
what makes gears grind, [141];
how to avoid a noisy shift to first on starting, [141];
on hills, [229];
on an up grade, [231];
starting up hill, [231];
which gear is best to use, [232];
avoid straining car by careful choice of gears, [232], [233];
gears to use descending hills, [233], [234];
no speeding on hills, perfect control of car necessary, [234]
Gear-shifting lever, where placed, how operated, [159];
how to move, when stuck in neutral, [168];
place in neutral, [308]
Gear-shifting pedals, [20]
Gears, purpose of, [18], [131];
trouble comes in the shifting gears, not in the transmission, [130];
grinding or clashing detrimental, [131], [141];
diagram and explanation of three-speed gears, [131];
to start, [133];
to increase speed, [133], [134];
to decrease speed, [135];
to reverse, [136];
care necessary, [136];
use of, in hill-climbing, [171];
examine before touring, [245]
Generator, [16];
must not overcharge battery, [125];
adjustable for summer and winter, [127]
Glycerin in freeze-proof solution, [192]
Gravity fuel supply, [16], [163]
Grease, [61];
affects tires, [72];
heavier quality needed in summer, [207];
carry extra supply when touring, [246]
Grease cups, turn down, before leaving garage, [157], [311], [312]
Greasing car, rules for, [311], [312]
Grinding and clashing of gears, [131], [141]
Ground connections, [110]
Ground wire, loose, [114]
Guides, valve push-rod, enclosed in housings, [44];
lubrication of, [44]
H
Headlight trouble, [114]
Heat, much, necessary for vaporization of gasoline, [186], [189]
High-speed gear, run on, as much as possible, [168]
High-tension magneto system, [15]
Hill-climbing, how to shift gears, [140], [141];
use of throttle, spark, and gears, [171];
what to do if engine stalls, [172];
use of clutch, [172];
blowing horn when, [297]
Hills, descending, use of engine as a brake, [172];
use of brakes on, [173];
the steepest can be made by any modern car which is in good condition, [229]
Horn blowing, [292];
how it has arisen, [295];
much of it unnecessary, [296];
blowing not necessary after others have seen you, [297];
while passing and turning, [297];
on hills, [297];
when others are passing, [298]
Horn trouble, [113], [284]
Hose, careless stretching of, causes overheating, [201];
defective, causes knocking, [260]
Hose and water, how to use in cleaning car, [240]
Hot weather, over-inflation of tire, instance of, [203];
expands air in tires, giving greater pressure, [204]
Housings, differential, [13];
for valve push-rod guides, [44]
Hub of rear wheel needs inspection when keyed to shaft, [43]
Hub caps, loss of, allows grit to get into bearings, [270]
Hugo, Hon. Francis M., speech by, [319]
Hydro-carbon in burning gasoline, [224]
Hydrometer, [109];
rules for readings, [313]
I
Ignition, switch, [20];
magneto, [116];
battery, [120];
prevented by short-circuiting due to carbon, [120];
switch, where placed, its use, how operated [162];
use of, when braking with engine, on hills, [173];
wrongly timed, causes knocking, [260];
inspect in case of trouble, [276]
Ignition system, kinds, [15];
work of, [24];
bearings, [152];
requires many changes of spark lever, [198];
test before touring, [248];
rules for locating trouble in, [314]
Inflation, tire, under, [60];
increased by hot weather, [204];
lower pressure needed in hot weather, [205];
proper degree of, [211], [212]
Inlet valve, [17];
trouble in, [274]
Inspect, don’t expect, [285]
Instruction book, manufacturer’s, importance of fully mastering, [1], [269]
Instructions, importance of following, [8], [9]
Insulation, heavy, on secondary wires absorbs current, [119]
Insurance premium lower when extinguisher is carried, [218]
Intake manifold, [16];
gaskets, [53];
leaky, [63];
loose, [64]
Intake valve, [52]
Interrupter point file, [28]
Interrupter points, adjusting, to overcome engine missing at high or low speed, [116];
cleaning of, [121];
carbon in, [272];
inspect in case of trouble, [276]
Iron, angle, used in chassis, [13]
Iron parts, how to keep from rusting, [239]
J
Jack, importance of handle, [30];
use of fence-rail as a, [30]
Jerking, how to overcome, [167]
Jet, low speed, clogged, [291]
Joints, universal, [19], [40]
K
Kerosene, can be used for cleaning out the sump, [37];
loosens up grease and oil, [238];
for cleaning car, [241];
for multiple disc clutch, [311]
Kit, first-aid, [32]
Knocking, of engine, [198];
prevented by removal of carbon, [247];
too high compression, [251];
caused by cam-shaft gear, sticking exhaust valves, [257];
stopped by increasing size of compression chamber, [252];
many causes for, [255];
some need immediate attention, some do not, [256];
loose connecting rod bearing, loose cylinder,
lack of lubrication, spark advanced too far, short circuit, [256];
not caused by lean mixture, or over-advanced spark, [258];
caused by mechanical looseness due to improper adjustment or wear, [258];
by faulty ignition, [259];
by faulty carburetion, [260];
by faulty lubrication, [260];
by overheating of engine, [260];
by faulty compression, [260]
Knocks in the chassis, [262]
Knuckle-pins, how kept in place and relieved of weight, [104];
inclined fore and aft, [105]
Knuckles, steering, [14], [40]
L
Lamps, [109], [110]
Leaks of oil and gasoline, sources of, [65]
Lever, spark timing, [19];
emergency brake, [20];
throttle,
[19], [20], [161];
clutch, lubrication of, [41];
gear shifting, [159];
emergency brake, [159];
spark control, [161], [198]
Lighting switch, [20], [109]
Lighting system, rules for locating troubles in, [314]
Lights dim, what makes the, [283]
Linings, brake, can be ruined, [95];
oil on, [96];
wear thin, [98];
when necessary to replace, [98]
Linkage, brake, [15], [97]
Links, loose cross, how to fasten, [271]
Linseed oil, use of, in cleaning car, [241]
Lubrication, systems, [16];
why needed, [33];
most common system, [34];
troubles, [35];
necessity of frequent inspection, [36];
needed in many minor places, [39];
steering knuckles, [40];
universal joint, [40];
clutch and brake levers, self-starter and accelerator, [41];
spring shackles, [42];
wheel bearings, [43];
spring leaves, valve push-rod guides, overhead valves, [44];
of brakes important, [97];
system how made and supplied, its care, [164];
in cold weather, [195];
proper oil necessary, [195];
heavier grease needed in summer, [207];
inspect before touring, [246];
time table, [312]
Lubricants, poor, cause knocking, [260]
M
Magnetic field, distortion of, [117]
Magneto, high-tension, systems, [15];
ignition, [116];
manipulation of spark lever when using, [198];
coupling causes knocking, [259];
trouble,
instance of, [291];
rules for timing, [310]
Manifold, intake, [16];
leaky, [63];
loose, [64]
“Mechanicien” French term for driver of a car, [321]
Mechanics, careless, [269]
Misfiring, [63]
Mixing chamber, [23]
Mixture, [17];
rich and lean, [21];
proper, [56];
thin, [63], [66];
weak, [64];
anti-freezing, [164], [165];
warming device, necessary in winter, [186];
too rich or too lean calls attention to other parts which are causing knocking, [258]
Motor, [see] Engine
Motor, starting, [see] Self-starter
Motorist, absent-mindedness in—bad habit, [285], [286], [287]
Motoring, future of, depends upon behavior of motorists toward the public, [320]
“Motorman” best term for driver of an automobile, [321]
Mud, dried, how to remove from car, [241]
Muffler, purpose of, [15];
often neglected or misused, [143];
its uses, and advantages, [143], [144];
original object of the cut-out, [144];
cut-out now prohibited and unnecessary, [145];
needs careful attention, [145];
clogging prevents escape of gases, and brings loss of power, [145], [146];
instance of bad effect of clogging, [146];
usually no provision made for inspection, [147];
kerosene clogs, [147];
special information sometimes necessary, [148]
Multiple disc clutch, [18]
N
Neatsfoot oil for harsh gripping clutch, [310], [311], [312]
Needle valve, [52], [63], [276];
adjust at low speed, [309]
Nitrogen in gasoline fumes, [224]
Noise, in the chassis, [262];
from torque rod, from worn brake rods, from worn spring-shackle bolts, [264];
from worn steering knuckle-pins, [265];
from tools and accessories, [265];
from broken gear teeth and other parts, [265]
Non-skid, tires, [81], [84], [85];
chains, [81], [82];
devices, which to use under various conditions, [85];
chains often drop links, [270]
Nuts, tighten before touring, [248];
absence of, cause squeaks, [269];
examination of, [269];
must know location of, [271]
O
Oil, effect of absence of, in lubrication, [36];
things which wear it out and make necessary to replace, [36], [37];
how often to drain out, [37];
things which affect its lubricating value, [37];
in the combustion chamber, [48];
how to prevent, [49];
waste of, through leakage, [65];
affects tires, [72], [165];
on the brake lining, cause, results, how to prevent, [96];
examine supply of, before leaving garage, [157], [308];
proper, necessary for cold weather, [195];
take car maker’s advice, [196];
on fan belts, [200];
remove from exterior of engine, [238];
carry reserve supply when touring, [246];
lack of, causes knocking, [260];
excess of, causes knocking, [260];
necessary to keep engine running, [273]
Oil feed sight, [20]
Oil level, how to correct when too high, [49]
Oil pump, [34], [35]
Oil the car, when to, [311], [312]
Oiled roads dangerous, [90];
necessary to take at low speed, [92];
during summer season, [207]
Outlet valves, [22]
Overheating, caused by sediment in radiator, [199];
rarely caused by pump, [201];
caused by careless stretching of hose, [201];
caused by carbon in engine, [202]
Over-inflation of tire, in hot weather, instance of, [203];
makes riding uncomfortable, [211]
Owner, originality, initiative, and ingenuity of, important, [9];
should learn how to do many things himself, [202]
P
Pail, folding, [29]
Parts dropped in streets, [268], [269];
lost, puncture tires, [270]
Passengers, drive for the comfort of, [169]
Passing others, blowing horn while, [297], [298]
Pedals, gear-shifting, [20];
starting, [20], [158], [288];
brake, [20], [158];
clutch, [20], [158];
accelerator, [20], [160], [168];
reverse, [95]
Pedestrians have right of way everywhere, [296]
“Pep,” [56]
Petcocks, [274]
Pin, tie rod, [270]
Pipe, exhaust, [15];
exhaust, may set fire to car, [215], [216];
attach to exhaust in garage, to lead fumes to outer air, [227]
Pipe lines, clogged, cause knocking, [260]
Pipes, leaky supply, [65];
to prevent bursting of, [193]
Piston head, hole punched in, by valve head, [274]
Piston rings, [16];
grooving and drilling to release surplus oil, [49];
leaky, [53], [54];
to prevent working around, [67];
loose, cause knocking, [259];
carbon in, [272]
Pistons, [16];
too small, cause knocking, [259]
Pliers, carry while touring, [249]
Plug, spark, [17];
cracks or porosity in, [119];
carry extra set while touring, [249];
to test in case of trouble, [277]
Policemen, don’t run away from, [10]
Power, stroke, [17];
how connected to wheels, [18];
how secured in engine, [22];
necessity of pressure to get, [22];
proper, from each cylinder, [61]
Pre-ignition, caused by increase of pressure in combustion chamber, [252];
causes knocking, [260]
Premium on fire insurance lower when extinguishers carried, [218]
Pressure, necessity of, for power, [22];
on tires increases in hot weather, [204];
on tires test for increase in, in hot weather, [210];
proper for tires, [211], [212];
in combustion chamber, [251]
Pressure fuel system, [16], [163]
Priming, how done, [163];
in cold weather, [194]
Propeller-shaft bearings, [154]
Pump, oil, [34], [35];
overheating rarely caused by, [200];
parts of, cause knocking, [260]
Pump type of cooling system, [15]
Puncture caused by lost parts, [270]
Push-rod adjustment causes knocking, [259]
Push-rods, clearance between valve stems and, causes trouble, [290]
R
Radiator, location of, [15];
examine, before leaving garage, [157];
sediment in, [164], [199];
to remedy discharge of steam from, [165];
adjustable device to regulate admittance of air, [189];
covers, [189], [195];
cover partly or wholly in cold weather, [188], [189];
if covered, improved efficiency of engine, [190];
bursting of, to prevent, [193];
water boiling in, [198];
clogged, causes knocking, [260]
Radius rods, [13]
Railway crossings, extra care necessary, [180]
Rattles, causes of, [269]
Reverse the car, how to, [169]
Reverse pedal, use of, as a brake, [95]
Reversing, shifting of gears in, [136]
Rings, piston, [16], [49], [53], [54], [67]
Rivets of brake lining, [98]
Road rules, of Y. M. C. A., [156];
local, must be obeyed, [173]
Roads, oiled, dangerous, [90];
necessary to take at low speed, [92];
generally sprinkled or oiled during summer season, [207]
Roads, signs along, importance of, [90];
parts found along, [269]
Roadway, crown of the, causes slipping, [87], [90]
Rod, radius, [13];
torque, [13], [264];
tie, [14], [101], [106], [107];
connecting, [17], [68]
Rotary motion, how obtained, [17]
Rubber hose decomposed by glycerin in freeze-proof solution, [192]
Rules, importance of following, [8], [9], [10];
miscellaneous, [308]
Running brake, [158]
S
Safety devices, best necessary, [89]
Salt in freeze-proof solution, [192]
Schools, automobile, manufacturers’ for purchasers, [3], [7];
danger of being taught at inefficient or fraudulent institutions, [324]
Screws, absence of, causes squeaks, [269]
Secondary current absorbed by carbon, [119]
Sediment, in battery causing short-circuit, [126];
in radiator, [164], [199]
Self-starter, pedal, [20];
lubrication of, [41];
types of, [128];
bearings, [153]
Service stations, [7]
Shaft, crank, [17];
drive, [19];
rear, in driving causes click, [262]
Shifting gears, [133];
on hills, [229];
on an up grade, [231];
starting uphill, [231];
choice of gears, [232];
avoid straining car, [232], [233];
descending hills, [233], [234]
Short circuiting, causes fires, [217];
causes knocking, [259]
Shut-off valve, [275]
Sight oil feed, [20]
Signs along the road, importance of, [90]
Skidding, [76];
effects of, on car, [77];
in winter, [77];
turning corners, [78];
rear wheel, how to stop, [79];
street-car tracks, [80];
uneven brakes, [86], [88];
unequal distribution of weight, [81];
best prevented by care, [82], [83];
due mostly to excessive speed, [86];
caused by crown of road, [87];
by turning corners at high speed, by sharp turn of steering-wheel, [87];
stopped by turning steering-wheel, [88]
Skipping sometimes overcome by enriching the mixture, [190]
Smoke, its sources, [46];
remedies, [47], [48], [49];
how to tell from what it comes, [50];
black, [68]
Soap, not to be used on polished surfaces of car, [241]
Spark, [17];
why advanced and retarded and how, [23];
intensity of, increased by gap in secondary circuit, [112];
has more kick, [116];
very weak, perhaps caused by condenser, [121];
use of, in hill-climbing, [171];
retarded, uses unnecessary gasoline, and overheats engine, [198];
greatly retarded indirectly causes fires, [216];
retard to prevent knocking on hills, [231];
over advanced does not cause knocking, [258];
too late causes knocking, [259];
at right time, necessary to start engine, [273];
test for in case of trouble, [276];
fully retarded, [308];
advance two-thirds, [309]
Spark-control bearings, [153]
Spark lever, [19], [161], [198]
Spark plugs, [17];
widening gaps of, to prevent engine missing, [117];
insulating surface inside cylinder, [118];
cracks in, insulation, [119];
testing of, [120];
short-circuited by carbon, [120];
keep free from oil and grease, [238];
carry when touring, [249];
points of, cause knocking, [259], [260];
carbon between points of, [272];
how to test in case of trouble, [277]
Sparking at commutator, [283]
Sparks from commutators cause fires, [221]
Speed, how to shift gears in increasing or decreasing, [133], [134], [135];
of engine, learn to judge by sound, [167];
running at extreme, cause of fires, [215]
Speeds, number of, in gears, [18]
Spindles, [14]
Splash lubrication, [16];
pan, [34]
Sponge, use of, in cleaning car, [240]
Spray nozzle, [275]
Spray valve, [63]
Spring leaves, lubrication of, [44]
Spring repair attachments, [248]
Spring-shackle bolts sometimes make noise, [264]
Spring shackles, lubrication of, [42]
Springs, examine before touring, [248]
Squeaks, causes of, [269]
Stalling engine, how caused, [167];
what to do, on a hill, [172]
Starter, switch, trouble in, [280];
a great convenience, but a source of trouble, [281], [282];
pedal sticking, instance of, [288];
makes automobile available to women, [302]
Starting, motor, [16];
pedal, [20], [158];
systems, types, [128];
crank, [157];
engine, three things necessary, [273]
Steam, from exhaust in cold weather, [50];
to remedy discharge from radiator, [165]
Steering, of automobile compared with steering of different type of boats, [102];
with broken tie rod, [106], [107]
Steering gear, out of true, [71];
bearings, [154]
Steering knuckles, [14];
lubrication in, [40]
Steering-shaft, worm on, [19]
Steering tie rod, [101]
Steering wheel, [19], [162]
Stop, how to, [168]
Storage battery, [15]
Stove, supplied by many manufacturers to heat air before it enters carburetor, [187];
may be dispensed with in hot weather, [206]
Strain, how taken off knuckle pins, [104]
Streets, how to turn in narrow, [169];
driving in congested, [173]
Strokes, suction, compression, power, and exhaust, [17]
Suburbs of any city, the place for automobiling, [303]
Suction stroke of engine, [17]
Sump, [34]
Supply pipes, leaky, [65]
Switch, lighting, [20], [109];
ignition, [20], [162];
self-starter, trouble in, [280];
thrown to battery position, [308]
System, importance of, in locating trouble, [9];
a process of elimination, [273]
Systems, cooling, kinds, [15];
ignition, kinds, [15];
lubrication, kinds, [16];
fuel supply, kinds, [16], [163]
T
Talc French, for slipping clutch, [310]
Tank, fuel supply, [16];
gasoline, [162];
water, [164]
Tape, tire, carry, while touring, [249]
Temperature, high, to the boiling point of water, but for efficiency of engine, [189]
Terminals, electric, testing of, [109]
Tests for electrical troubles, examples of, [109]
Thermo-syphon type of cooling system, [15]
Things to do, four before leaving garage, [308];
five, before cranking engine, [308];
three after cranking, [309]
Throttle, purpose, [23];
use of, in hill-climbing, [171];
open, in starting, [308];
close, till engine idles, [309]
Throttle bearings, [153]
Throttle lever, its use, where placed, how operated, [19], [20], [161]
Tie rod, must not be bent, [14], [101];
broken, [106], [107]
Tie rod pin, [270]
Timing, correct, [24]
Timing gears, to adjust, [309]
Timing gear teeth cause knocking, [259]
Timing, ignition, wrong, causes knocking, [260]
Tire pressure, tests of increase due to running in hot weather, [210]
Tire repair materials, carry, while touring, [249]
Tire-valve tool, [30]
Tires, purpose and location, [19];
abuse of, [59], [60];
deterioration of, [69];
cuts in, [70];
affected by steering gear, [71];
by clutch, [71];
by brakes, [72];
by oil, grease, gasoline, and wet weather, [72];
general cost of, [73];
storing, in winter, [74];
porosity of, [75];
keep clean, [75];
non-skid, [81], [84], [85], [86];
examine, before leaving garage, [157];
how to care for, [165];
expand in hot weather, [204];
pressure test of, after hot weather running, [205];
under-inflation and over-inflation, [205];
inflated too hard make riding uncomfortable, [211];
weakened from any cause blow-out quicker, [211];
proper pressure for, [211], [212];
extra, carry on car, [249];
puncture caused by lost parts, [270]
Tool for tire valves, [30]
Tools, furnished with car, [26];
for emergencies, [27];
too many better than too few, [27];
additional, desirable, [28];
to be carried on car, [157]
Tops, how to clean and care for, [242]
Torque rod, [13];
causes knocks, [264]
Touring, what to do before, [244];
refill gear case, [245];
examine gears, [245];
drain, clean, and refill crank case, [245];
attend to lubrication, [246];
carry extra oil, grease and gasoline on car, [246];
examine brakes, [246];
keep brake drums free from oil, [247];
have carbon removed, [247];
tighten nuts and inspect all parts, [248];
test compression, grind in valves, inspect ignition system, recharge battery, dry cells should be carried, examine springs, [248];
things which should be carried, [249]
Tow rope, [31];
fastened to post and rear wheel, [86];
carry while touring, [249]
Traffic, driving in, [173];
rules give pedestrian right of way, [296];
rules should be taught by auto schools, [325]
Transmission, [130];
rules for care of, [311]
Transmission gear bearings, [154]
Trolley crossings, extra care necessary, [182]
Trouble, hunting must be systematic, [272];
a process of elimination, [273];
the first thing to do, [273];
indications when engine turns over easily or hard, [273];
compression tests, [273], [274];
exhaust valves, [274];
inlet valve, [274];
inspect gasoline, [275];
inspect carburetor, [275];
inspect ignition system, [276]; [277], [314];
chart, Y. M. C. A., [279];
in the self-starter switch, [280];
caused by added conveniences, [280], [281];
necessary to almost dismantle complex types of engines, [281];
made by starter, [281], [282];
made by electric lights and accessories, [282];
by complicated electric systems and wiring, [282], [283], [284]
Tubes, how to keep, [73];
carry extra while touring, [249]
Turn buckle, [14]
Turn, in narrow streets, how to, [169];
corners, how to, [170]
Turning, blowing horn when, [297]
U
Universal joints, [19], [40]
Upholstery, protect with slip covers, [243]
V
Vacuum fuel supply, [16], [164]
Valve head, punches hole in piston head, [274]
Valve push-rod guides enclosed in housings, [44];
lubrication of, [44]
Valve-stems, clearance between push rods and, causes trouble, [290]
Valve, needle, [52], [63], [276], [309];
spray, [63];
sticking causes knocking, [259];
auxiliary air, [275], [309];
shut off, [275]
Valves inlet, [17], [22];
outlet, [22];
overhead, lubrication of, [44];
leaky, [54], [66];
carbonized, [67], [272], [274];
exhaust, [257];
inlet, [274]
Vaporization of gasoline absorbs much heat, [187];
best in cold weather when stove and water jacket are both used, [188]
Velocipede, setting of wheel compared with automobile, [105]
Vibration, effects of, [65]
Voltmeter, [109]
W
Washers, supply to all nuts before touring, [248];
absence of, causes squeaks, [269];
lock, [270]
Washing automobile, what to use, how to do it, [175]
Waste, carry on car, [30];
packed around battery has caused fires, [217]
Water, in cylinder and crank case, [68];
where placed, its care, [164];
boiling in radiator, [198];
evaporates from battery quicker in hot weather, [206];
of no use in fighting gasoline fires, [222];
running, should be used in cleaning car whenever possible, [242];
needed, [273];
take on before leaving garage, [308]
Water jacket, on mixing chamber of gasoline, [187];
to prevent bursting of, [193]
Wet weather affects tires, [72]
Wheel, fly, [17];
steering, [19], [162]
Wheels, how front are made to converge and undergather, [14];
how power is connected to, [18];
why not parallel, [101], [102], [103];
set to undergather, [104];
setting of, compared with bicycle, [105]
Wheel bearings, lubrication of, [43]
Wind sometimes cools the engine too much when traveling against, [190]
Wire, spool of, [31];
extra wire for additional device, [111];
carry while touring, [249];
to fasten cross link, [271]
Wire gauze, [52]
Wire terminals, keep free from oil and grease, [238]
Wires to plugs, inspect, in case of trouble, [277]
Wiring diagram, knowledge of, important, [115]
Wobbling, tendency to overcome by converging of wheels, [103]
Women as drivers, [300];
Eastern and Western compared, [302];
as apt as men at mastering details, [303];
at Y. M. C. A. Auto School, [303];
all types, pupils, [304];
take cars apart and assemble them, [305];
road instruction for, [306];
have the main qualities needed for drivers, [307];
taking up the auto seriously, [307]
Wood, block of, to put under jack, [30]
Worm on steering shaft, [19]
Wrist pin, out of line or loose, causes knocking, [259]
Y
Yokes, [14]
Y. M. C. A. Automobile School, road rules, [56];
general trouble chart, [279];
women as pupils, [303]

Transcriber’s Notes:

The spelling, hyphenation, punctuation and accentuation are as the original, except for apparent typographical errors which have been corrected.