FOOTNOTES:
[78] Hart, Trans. Int. Med. Cong., London, 1881, 4:491-544.
[79] Freeman, Med. Rec., March 28, 1896.
[80] Busey and Kober, Rept. Health Off. of Dist. of Col., Washington, D. C., 1895, p. 299. These authors present in this report an elaborate article on morbific and infectious milk, giving a very complete bibliography of 180 numbers. They append to Hart's list (which is published in full) additional outbreaks which have occurred since, together with full data as to extent of epidemic, circumstances governing the outbreak, as well as name of original reporter and reference.
[81] Smith, Theo., Journ. of Expt. Med., 1898, 3:451.
[82] Dinwiddie, Bull. 57, Ark. Expt. Stat., June, 1899; Ravenel, Univ. of Penn. Med. Bull., Sept. 1901.
[83] Ravenel, Journ. of Comp. Med. & Vet. Arch., Dec. 1897; Hartzell, Journ. Amer. Med. Ass'n, April 16, 1898.
[84] Stille, Brit. Med. Journ., Aug. 19, 1899.
[85] This test is made by injecting into the animal a small quantity of tuberculin, which is a sterilized glycerin extract of cultures of the tubercle bacillus. In a tuberculous animal, even in the very earliest phases of the disease, tuberculin causes a temporary fever that lasts for a few hours. By taking the temperature a number of times before and after injection it is possible to readily recognize any febrile condition. A positive diagnosis is made where the temperature after inoculation is at least 2.0° F. above the average normal, and where the reaction fever is continued for a period of some hours.
[86] Martin, Brit. Med. Journ. 1895, 1:937; Nocard, Les Tuberculoses animales, 1895.
[87] C. O. Jensen, Milch Kunde und Milch hygiene, p. 69.
[88] Ostertag, Milch Zeit., 22:672.
[89] Obermüller, Hyg. Rund., 1897, p. 712; Petri, Arb. a. d. Kais. Ges. Amte, 1898, 14: 1; Hormann und Morgenroth, Hyg. Rund., 1898, p. 217.
[90] Rabinowitsch, Zeit. f. Hyg., 1897, 26: 90.
[91] Th. Smith. Journ. of Expt. Med., 1899, 4:217.
[92] Russell and Hastings, 18 Rept. Wis. Expt. Stat., 1901.
[93] Hesse, Zeit. f. Hyg., 1900, 34:346.
[94] Practically all of the finest butter made in Denmark is made from cream that has been pasteurized at temperatures varying from 160°-185° F.
[95] Gebhardt, Virch. Arch., 1890, 119:12.
[96] Scheurlen, Arb. a. d. k. Ges. Amte, 1891, 7:269; Bang, Milch Zeit., 1893, p. 672.
[97] Moore, Year Book of U. S. Dept. Agr., 1895, p. 432.
[98] Weigel and Noack, Jahres. d. Ges. Med., 1890, p. 642; Weissenberg, Allg. med. Cent. Zeit., 1890, p. 1; Baum, Arch. f. Thierheilkunde, 1892, 18:16.
[99] Schneider, Münch, med. Wochenschr., 1893, No. 27; Fröhner, Zeit f. Fleisch u. Milchhygiene, 1891, p. 55.
[100] Feser, Deutsche Zeit. f. Thiermed., 1880, 6:166.
[101] Nocard, Bull. Gén., 1885, p. 54.
[102] Deutsche Viertelsjahr. f. offentl. Gesundheitspflege, 1890, 20:444.
[103] Zeit. f. Fleisch und Milch hygiene, 11:114.
[104] E. Roth, Deutsche Vierteljahresschr. f. offentl. Gesundheitspfl., 1890, 22:238
[105] S. W. North, London Practitioner, 1889, 43:393.
[106] Sedgwick and Chapin, Boston Med. & Surg. Journ., 1893, 129:485.
[107] Dabney, Phila. Med. News, 1893, 63:630.
[108] Welphy, London Lancet, 1894, 2:1085.
[109] Brit. Med. Journ., 1894, 1:815.
[110] Mass. Bd. Health Rept., 1894, p. 765.
[111] Turner, London Practitioner, 1892, 49:141; Munro, Brit. Med. Journ., 1894, 2:829.
[112] Hankin, Brit. Med. Journ., 1894, 2:613.
[113] Heim (Arb. a. d. Kais. Gesundheitsamte, 1889, 5:303) finds it capable of living from 20-30 days in milk.
[114] Schüder (Zeit. f. Hyg., 1902, 38:34) examined the statistics of 638 typhoid epidemics. He found 71 per cent. due to infected drinking water, 17 per cent. to infected milk, and 3.5 per cent. caused by other forms of food.
[115] Kitasato. Arb. a. d. Kais. Gesundheitsamte, 1:470.
[116] Simpson, London Practitioner, 1887, 39:144.
[117] Swithinbank and Newman, Bacteriology of Milk, p. 341.
[118] Schottelius and Ellerhorst. Milch Zeit., 1897, pp. 40 and 73.
[119] Baginsky, Hyg. Rund., 1895, p. 176.
[120] Gaffky, Deutsch. med. Wochen., 18:14.
[121] Flügge. Zeit., f. Hyg., 17:272, 1894.
[122] Duval and Bassett, Studies from the Rockefeller Inst. for Med. Research, 2:7, 1904.
[123] Zeit. f. physiol. Chemie, 10:146; 9 Intern. Hyg. Cong. (London), 1891, p. 118.
[124] Vaughan and Perkins, Arch. f. Hyg., 27:308.
[125] Newton and Wallace (Phila. Med. News, 1887, 50:570) report three outbreaks at Long Branch, N. J., two of which occurred in summer hotels.