INDEX

Abandoned farms,[52].
Acacia tree, gum arabic made from,[95].
Adobe soil,[58].
Æolian soil,[66].
Africa, need for protection of animals in,[180].
Agassiz Associations, work of,[207].
Air, importance of pure,[10.]
Alaska, protection of fish in waters about,[170].
Alkali soil,[59].
Alluvial soil,[64].
Animals, the first domestic,[5];
careless destruction of,[12], [49];
court of birds and,[188]-[194];
predatory,[203].
Antelope, disappearance of,[179];
in Yellowstone Park,[205].
Appalachian Forest, the,[133]-[134].
Arabs, life of the,[25].
Arbor Day, celebration of,[210].
Argentine ant, a plague,[153].
Australia, rabbits as pests in,[152].
Aztec Indians,[20].
Bacteria in soil,[59]-[60].
Balance of nature,[151];
effects of upsetting,[151]-[154].
Barren Lands,[101].
Bears, in early times,[21];
in Yellowstone Park,[205].
Beaver, trapping of,[179];
protection of,[205].
Big trees of California,[49], [99].
Bird Day, observance of,[210].
Bird of paradise, nearly extinct,[187].
Bird refuges,[187], [208]-[209];
patrols for,[209]-[210].
Birds,[21];
extinct species of,[22];
destruction of,[49], [176]-[182];
hunting of, for millinery purposes,[183]-[187];
court of the,[188]-[194];
our good friends and pleasant companions,[195]-[202];
predatory,[203];
national protection of,[205]-[206].
Black bears, case of the,[192]-[193].
Blue jays,[189].
Bobolink, friends and enemies of,[189].
Bone, implements of,[3].
Boy Scouts, love of, for wild creatures,[207].
Broad-leaved and narrow-leaved trees,[98].
Bronze, making of,[5].
Browntail moth,[152].
Buffaloes,[21];
slaughter of,[177];
in Yellowstone Park,[205].
California, forests of,[49], [98];
"big trees" of,[99].
California condor, disappearance of,[180].
Camp Fire Girls, love of, for wild creatures,[207].
Camping parties, forest fires started by,[122].
Canada, beaver in,[179].
Canada balsam,[93].
Canals, use of water for,[87].
Cats, killing of birds by,[210].
Chesapeake Bay, fisheries of,[167].
Chestnut-tree blight,[107].
China, results of destruction of vegetation in,[79]-[80].
Christmas decorations,[149].
Cigarettes, forest fires caused by,[122].
Citrus canker,[109].
"City on the Plain, The,"[14].
Clay, a part of soil,[58].
Clay loam,[58].
Closed season for hunting,[205].
Coal, care necessary in use of,[12];
unequal distribution of,[27];
deposits and mining of,[155]-[156];
waste connected with,[156]-[157].
Cod fisheries,[170].
Codling moth,[153].
Colorado River, mud carried by,[73];
use of water of, for irrigation,[87].
Cone-bearing trees,[98];
enemies of,[110].
Conservation, meaning of,[8].
Conservation commissions,[138].
Coon, arguments for and against the,[193].
Cotton-boll weevil,[153].
Cougar, a predatory beast,[203].
Coyotes, killing of,[152];
defense of,[193].
Crater Lake National Park,[140].
Deer, killed by cougars,[203].
Deltas of rivers,[43], [55];
alluvial soil in,[64].
Desert, results of lack of vegetation in the,[70]-[71].
Digger pines,[99].
Ducks, complaints of oyster farmers against, disproved,[194].
Egrets, killing of,[185], [187].
Electricity, harnessing of,[8];
use of water for making,[88].
Elephant, urgent need of protection of,[181].
Elk,[21];
hunting of,[179];
feeding grounds of,[204].
feeding grounds of,[204].
English sparrow,[153];
should be driven out,[188].
Erie Canal,[87].
Eskimos, the,[25];
wood lacking among,[89].
Farmers, great value of work of,[51].
Feldspar, rock grains called,[63].
Fertilizers,[11];
use of herring for,[167].
Field mice, plagues of,[151].
Fire, ignorance of early people concerning,[3];
discovery of,[3].
See Forest fires.
Fish, caring for,[14];
protection needed by,[162]-[165].
Fish preserves,[169]-[170].
Fish traps,[22], [165]-[169].
Flamingos, killing of,[187].
Flowers, destruction of,[144]-[149].
Fool's gold,[63].
Forest fires,[110]-[111], [119]-[124];
steps taken by national government to prevent,[131]-[138].
Forest rangers, work of,[134]-[137].
Forests, effect of cutting down of, on birds,[22];
unequal distribution of,[26]-[27];
destruction of,[34];
effect of destruction of, on soil,[37]-[38], [40]-[42];
possible restoration of,[47]-[49];
importance of, to man,[89]-[95];
location of,[96]-[103];
special sources of damage to,[104]-[111];
various methods by which wasted,[112]-[118];
government protection of,[131]-[138];
National Parks and Forests as playgrounds,[139]-[143].
France, cutting of forests and careless pasturing in,[79.]
Fruit trees, enemies of,[107], [109].
Fuel, use of wood for,[90];
use of peat for,[155].
Fur seals, destruction of,[165].
Game preserves,[204]-[205].
Gas, waste connected with,[157]-[161].
Glacial soil,[65].
Goats, forests injured by,[111].
Grand Cañon National Park,[140].
Grasshoppers, plagues of,[109], [151].
Great plains,[96].
Grizzly bears, destruction of,[179], [192];
in Yellowstone Park,[205].
Gusher in California oil field,[158], [159].
Gypsy moth,[106]-[107], [151].
Hardwood trees,[98].
Hawks, arguments for and against,[189]-[190].
"Heart of the Tree, The,"[139].
Hens, early ancestors of,[5].
Herons, hunting of, for their plumage,[185].
Herring, waste in capture of,[166]-[167].
Hessian fly,[153].
Houses, the first,[3].
Huckleberry shrub, cutting of,[147], [149].
Humming birds, use of skins of, for capes,[186].
Humus, in soil,[57];
destruction of, by forest fires,[123], [125].
Indians, life of,[19]-[23];
uses found by, for wood,[90];
fishing methods of,[163].
Insect enemies of trees,[106], [109], [110], [152]-[154];
warfare waged against, by forest rangers,[136]-[137];
eaten by birds,[197]-[202].
"In the Heart of the Woods,"[24].
Iron, found in quartz sand,[58].
Irrigation, storage of water for,[84], [85], [87].
Italy, results of destruction of forests in,[77], [79];
wild chestnuts valued in,[90];
scarcity of birds in,[196].
Jays, arguments for and against,[189].
Jungle fowls, wild,[5].
Junior Audubon Societies, work of,[207].
Klamath Lake, bird refuge about,[187].
Korea, results of destruction of vegetation in,[79]-[80];
dikes built along rivers in,[80].
Lightning, an enemy of the forest,[110]-[111];
fires started by,[121].
Limestone soils,[59].
Loam, clay and sandy,[58].
Lobsters, protection of,[167].
Los Angeles, water supply of,[29]-[30].
Lumber, an important use of trees,[90].
Lumbering, waste of trees in,[114]-[118].
Malheur Lake, bird refuge about,[187].
Maple sugar,[93].
Martins, insects eaten by,[199].
Meadow larks,[191]-[192].
Medicinal products from trees,[93], [95].
Metals, discovery of,[4]-[5].
Mica, in quartz sand,[58].
Migrations of birds,[205]-[206].
Migratory Bird Law,[200], [208].
Mills, the first,[7].
Mineral resources, destruction and new supply of,[49]-[50].
Mink, points against and in favor of,[193].
Mississippi Valley, rich prairies of,[53]-[54].
Mistletoe, an enemy of trees,[107].
Mocking bird, song of,[195].
Mongoose, as a pest,[153], [154].
Montenegro, results of destruction of soil in,[79].
National Forests,[133]-[139].
National Parks,[19], [139]-[143];
are game preserves,[204]-[205].
Nets, catching of fish in,[167], [169].
New England, soil of,[51]-[53];
gypsy and browntail moths in,[152];
beaver in,[179].
Newfoundland banks, fisheries of,[170.]
Nitrogen, in soil,[57];
stored in soil by plants,[77].
Norway rat,[153].
Oil, waste connected with,[157]-[161].
Open season for hunting,[205].
Orange orchards, citrus canker in,[109].
Oregon, protection of beaver in,[179];
bird refuges in,[187].
Owens River aqueduct,[29].
Owls, good and bad points of,[190]-[191].
Oysters, raised on oyster farms,[167].
Palestine, destruction of vegetation in,[79].
Panama Canal,[87].
Passenger pigeon, extermination of,[22], [180].
"Passing of the Forest, The,"[130].
Pear blight,[109].
Peat, crumbling vegetation called,[57];
use of, for fuel,[155].
Peat soils,[58], [59], [66].
Phosphorus in soil,[59].
Pine beetles,[110].
Piñon pines,[99].
Plant food,[45], [60].
Plants, enemies of,[104]-[111].
Plumage, hunting of birds for,[183]-[187], [207]-[208].
Polar bear, protection needed by,[181].
Potash in soil,[59].
Powder, discovery of,[8].
Prairie chicken, disappearance of,[180].
"Preceptor's Plea for the Birds, The,"[211]-[212].
Pueblo Indians,[19]-[20].
Quail, need for protection of, to preserve from extinction,[180];
cheery call of,[195];
value and attractiveness of,[201];
insects eaten by,[202].
Quartz, in sand grains,[58].
Quinine, made from cinchona tree,[95].
Rabbits, as pests,[152].
Rainier National Park,[140].
Rats, plagues of,[151].
Redwood trees,[99].
Refuges for birds,[22].
Residual soil,[64].
Rocks, soil made from,[58], [61]-[66].
Rocky Mountain sheep, in Yellowstone Park,[205].
Rubber trees,[93].
Sage grouse, need for protection of,[180].
Salmon fisheries,[169]-[170].
San Joaquin Valley,[101].
San José scale,[109], [151], [153].
Santa Catalina Island, fish preserve about,[169].
Sea lions,[194].
Sea otter, destruction of,[22], [165];
protection of, by law,[179].
Seals, fur,[22];
hunting of,[165].
Sequoias,[99], [115].
Shad, decrease in numbers of,[169].
Sheep, damage done to forests by,[111].
Shingle makers, waste of trees by,[115].
Shore birds, value of,[200].
Sierra Nevadas, "big trees" on,[49];
changes in climate in ascent of,[101], [103];
usefulness of woodpeckers in,[199].
Silt,[75].
Skunks, friends and enemies of,[193].
Soda in soil,[59].
Soil, care of the,[11]-[12];
effect of destruction of forests upon,[37]-[38], [40]-[42];
renewal of, by nature,[45];
story of formation of,[51]-[56];
real wealth of world formed by,[56];
things of which made,[57]-[60];
plant food in,[60];
how made,[61]-[66];
how vegetation holds,[67]-[72];
our most valuable possession,[74];
evil effects upon, of no protecting carpet of vegetation,[74]-[80];
effect of, on growth of trees,[101].
Songbirds, hunting of, for their plumage,[185].
Southern states, destruction of soil in,[77];
turpentine from pine forests of,[93].
Spain, waste of resources of,[25]-[26];
results in, of loss of soil,[79];
treatment of birds in,[196].
Spruce forest, destruction of, by forest fires,[126].
Squirrels, nuts of trees eaten by,[109];
ground, as pests,[152].
Stone, implements of,[3].
Sturgeon, destructive fishing of,[167].
Subsoil,[64].
Sugar pines,[99];
nuts of, eaten by squirrels,[109];
careless cutting of,[115].
Swallows, insects eaten by,[199].
Switzerland, care of wood in,[93], [114].
Syria, destruction of vegetation in,[79].
Tamarack forests, use of,[126].
Trees, destruction of,[12];
importance of, to man,[89]-[95];
distribution of, in United States,[96]-[103];
enemies of,[104]-[111];
the careless wasting of,[111]-[118].
Tundras of far North,[101].
Turpentine obtained from yellow pines,[93].
Valley lands,[40], [42];
fertility of,[53];
alluvial soil in,[64].
Vegetation, holding of soil by,[67]-[72];
results of lack of,[73]-[80].
Walrus, nearly extinct,[165].
Water, obtaining of pure,[10]-[11];
home of, the ocean,[81];
use and care of,[81]-[88].
Water creatures, need for protection of,[162]-[170].
Water power, use of,[157].
Water supply, effect upon, of cutting of forests,[127]-[129].
Weasels, defense of,[193].
White Mountain Forest, the,[134].
White-pine blister,[107].
Wild flowers, necessity for care of,[144]-[149].
Wind, effect of, on soil,[65]-[66];
an enemy of the forests,[110].
Wood alcohol,[117].
Woodpeckers, usefulness of,[198].
Yangtse-kiang, soil carried away by,[80].
Yellow Sea, reason for name,[80].
Yellowstone National Park,[140];
a game preserve,[204]-[205];
animal life in,[205].
Yosemite National Park,[140].

NEW-WORLD SCIENCE SERIES
Edited by John W. Ritchie

TREES, STARS and BIRDS

A BOOK OF OUTDOOR SCIENCE

By Edwin Lincoln Moseley
Head of the Science Department, State Normal College of Northwestern Ohio

The usefulness of nature study in the schools has been seriously limited by the lack of a suitable textbook. It is to meet this need that Trees, Stars, and Birds is issued. The author is one of the most successful teachers of outdoor science in this country. He believes in field excursions, and his text is designed to help teachers and pupils in the inquiries that they will make for themselves.

The text deals with three phases of outdoor science that have a perennial interest, and it will make the benefit of the author's long and successful experience available to younger teachers.

The first section deals with trees, and the discussion of maples is typical: the student is reminded that he has eaten maple sugar; there is an interesting account of its production; the fact is brought out that the sugar is really made in the leaves. The stars and planets that all should know are told about simply and clearly. The birds commonly met with are considered, and their habits of feeding and nesting are described. Pertinent questions are scattered throughout each section.

The book is illustrated with 167 photographs, 69 drawings, 9 star maps, and with 16 color plates of 58 birds, from paintings by Louis Agassiz Fuertes.

It is well adapted for use in junior high schools, yet the presentation is simple enough for pupils in the sixth grade.

Cloth, viii + 404 + xvi pages. Price $1.60