| PAGE |
| CHAPTER I. |
| FROM TUNIS TO TRIPOLI | [1] |
| The First Start—The Passage of the Syrtis—Little Progress—Trials of Temper—Our Companions—An Old Friend—Reach Tripoli. | |
| CHAPTER II. |
| TRIPOLI—THE PLAIN AND THE MOUNTAIN-SLOPE; THE ARAB AND THE BERBER | [8] |
| An Excursion—Arab Encampments—Commencement of the Hilly Region—The Plateau—Turkish Stronghold—Berber Settlements—The Picturesque Fountain—Wady Welád ʿAli—Khalaifa—Beautiful Ravine—Um eʾ Zerzán—Enshéd eʾ Sufét—Roman Sepulchre—Kikla—Wady Kerdemín—Rabda—Kasr Ghurián—Mount Tekút—Kasr Teghrínna—Hanshír—Wady Rummána. | |
| CHAPTER III. |
| FERTILE MOUNTAIN REGION RICH IN ANCIENT REMAINS | [23] |
| Wady Rán—Jebel Msíd—Singular Monuments—Structure Described—Conjectural Character—Other Ancient Ruins—Approach to Tarhóna—The Governor’s Encampment—Ruins near ʿAín Shershára—Kasr Dóga—Kasr Dawán—Jebel Msíd—Meselláta—Kasr Kerker—The Cinyps—Leptis—Khoms. | |
| CHAPTER IV. |
| DEPARTURE FOR THE INTERIOR—ARRIVAL AT MIZDA—REMAINS OF A CHRISTIAN CHURCH | [38] |
| The Departure—ʿAín Zára—Mejenín—Wady Haera—The Boat crosses the Defile—Ghurián—Kuléba—Roman Milestones—Mizda—The Eastern Village—Jebel Durmán—Wady Sófejín—Ruined Castle—Christian Remains. | |
| CHAPTER V. |
| SCULPTURES AND ROMAN REMAINS IN THE DESERT—GHARÍYA | [51] |
| Roman Sepulchre in Wady Talha—Wady Tagíje—Remarkable Monument—Description of Monument—Wady Zemzem—Roman Sepulchres at Taboníye—Gharíya—Roman Gateway—Arab Tower—Roman Inscription—Gharíya eʾ sherkíya—The Hammáda—Storms in the Desert—End of the Hammáda—El Hasi, “the Well.” | |
| CHAPTER VI. |
| WADY SHÁTI—OLD JERMA—ARRIVAL IN MÚRZUK | [65] |
| Wady Sháti, or Shiyáti—Éderí and its Gardens—Wady Shiúkh—Sandy Region—Reach the Wady—Ugréfe—Jerma Kadím—The Last Roman Monument—The Groves of the Wady—End of the Wady—Arrival at Múrzuk. | |
| CHAPTER VII. |
| RESIDENCE IN MÚRZUK | [75] |
| Delay—Character of Múrzuk—Ground-plan of Múrzuk. | |
| CHAPTER VIII. |
| THE DESERT—TASÁWA—EXACTIONS OF THE ESCORT—DELAY AT ELÁWEN | [78] |
| Setting out from Múrzuk—Tiggerurtín, the Village of the Tinýlkum—Gathering of the Caravan—Tasáwa—Arrival of the Tuarek Chiefs—Reformation of Islám—Return to Múrzuk—Move on finally—Sháraba—Wady Aberjúsh—Rate of Travelling—Join the Caravan—Tesémmak—Wady Eláwen—Hatíta’s Intrigues. | |
| CHAPTER IX. |
| SINGULAR SCULPTURES IN THE DESERT—THE MOUNTAIN PASS | [88] |
| Hatíta—Sculptures in Telísaghé—Subject of Sculptures, Two Deities Fighting about a Bull—Herd of Bulls—Cattle formerly Beasts of Burden in the Desert—Fine Valleys—Breaking up of the Plateau—The Narrow Gutter-like Pass of Ralle—Téliya—Sérdales—Valley Tánesof—Mount Ídinen—The Traveller’s Mishap—Astray in the Desert—The Wanderer found—Arrival at Ghát. | |
| CHAPTER X. |
| THE INDIGENOUS BERBER POPULATION | [102] |
| Fezzán, a Berber Country—The Berbers—Their Real Name Mázigh; the Name Tuarek of Arab Origin—The Azkár—History of the Azkár—The Hadánarang—Degraded Tribes—The Imghád—The Kél—View of the Valley of Ghát. | |
| CHAPTER XI. |
| CROSSING A LARGE MOUNTAIN-RIDGE, AND ENTERING ON THE OPEN GRAVELLY DESERT | [108] |
| The Town of Bárakat—The Date-groves of Bárakat and their Inhabitants—Alpine Lake—The Tawáti—High Mountain Pass—Deep Ravine of Égeri—Threatened Attack—Region of Granite Commences—Desert Plain of Mariaw—Afalésselez—Approach to Tropical Climes—Wild Oxen (“bagr el wahsh”) in the Desert—Nghákeli, New Vegetation (Balanites Ægyptiaca). | |
| CHAPTER XII. |
| DANGEROUS APPROACH TO ÁSBEN | [120] |
| Picturesque Peak—Valley of Arókam—Caravan of Merábetín—Aséttere—The Guinea Worm—The Caravan (at Aísala)—Berber Inscription—Ikadémmelrang—Peculiar Mounts—Marárraba, the Halfway—Bóro’s Threats—First View of Ásben—Asïu—Approach of the Enemy—Valley Fénorang—The Freebooters’—Timázkaren—Máket-n-Íkelán, the Slaves’ Dance—Continued Alarms—The Valley of Jínninau—Pleasant Valley of Gébi—The Capparis sodata. | |
| CHAPTER XIII. |
| INHABITED BUT DANGEROUS FRONTIER REGION | [134] |
| Tághajít—Character of the Borderers—New Alarms—Order of Battle—Mohammed Bóro—A Tardy Acknowledgment—Formidable Threats—The Compromise—Mountains of Ásben—Valley of Tídik—Sad Disappointment—Definitive Attack—The Pillage—Cucifera Thebaïca—Selúfiet—Tintagh-odé, the Settlement of the Merábetín—Short State of Supplies—A Desert Torrent—Arrival of the Escort—Valley of Fódet—Camel-Races—Parting of Friends—Valley of Afís—New Troubles—Arrival at Tin-téllust—The English Hill. | |
| CHAPTER XIV. |
| ETHNOGRAPHICAL RELATIONS OF AÏR | [151] |
| The Name Aïr or Ahír—Country of the Goberáwa—The Kél-owí—Recent Conquest—Descent in the Female Line—Mixed Population—Language-Sections of the Kél-owí—The Irólangh—Tribe of the Sheikh Ánnur—The Ikázkezan—The Kél-n-Néggaru—The Éfadaye—League of the Kél-owí with the Kél-gerés and Itísan—The Kél-fadaye—The Word “Mehárebí”—The Kél-ferwán—The Itísan and Kél-gerés—Population of Ásben—The Salt Trade. | |
| CHAPTER XV. |
| RESIDENCE IN TIN-TÉLLUST | [158] |
| The Sheikh Ánnur’s Character—Rainy Season—Nocturnal Attack—Want of Proper Food—Preparations for Advance. | |
| CHAPTER XVI. |
| JOURNEY TO ÁGADES | [162] |
| Attempt at Bullock-riding—Tuarek Blacksmiths—The Double Horn of Mount Cheréka—Ásodi and its Ruins—Mounts Eghellál, Bághzen, and Ágata—Mounts Belásega and Abíla—The Valley Tíggeda—The Picturesque Valley of Ásada—The Valley of Tághist with the Ancient Place of Prayer—Picturesque Valley of Aúderas with the Forest of Dúm-palms—Barbarity—Valley Búdde—The Natron—The Feathered Bur—Imghád of the Valleys—Fertile Valley Bóghel—The Large Báure-tree—Arrival near Ágades—The Troopers—Entrance into the Town. | |
| CHAPTER XVII. |
| ÁGADES | [175] |
| The Retail Traders from Tawát—The Learned ʿAbdallah—Aspect of the Town—The Sultan’s Quarter—Interview with the Chief—Mohammed Bóro’s House and Family—Markets of Ágades—Manufactures—Native Cavalry—View of the Town—The Kádhi—Interior of Ágades—Various Visitors—The “Fúra,” a Favourite Drink—Manners and Customs—A Misadventure—Language of Ágades the same as that of Timbúktu—My Friend Hamma—The Fatal Dungeon—Ceremony of Investiture—The Procession—Visitors—Rumours of War—On Rock-Inscriptions—Visitors again—Episode—Parting with Bóro—Tailelt (Guinea-fowl) Tobes—Áshu’s Garden—Letters from the Sultan—Military Expedition—Results of the Expedition—Interior of a House—The Emgedesi Lady—Ruinous Quarter—Wanton Manners—The Mosque and Tower—Interior of the Mosque—Hostile Disposition of the Kádhi—Other Mosques in Ágades—Enlightened Views—Preparations for Departure. | |
| CHAPTER XVIII. |
| HISTORY OF ÁGADES | [203] |
| Ágades not identical with Aúdaghost—Meaning of the Name—The Songhay Conqueror Háj Mohammed Askiá (Leo’s Ischia)—The Associated Tribes—Leo’s Account of Ágades—The Ighedálen—Tegídda or Tekádda—Gógó and the Ancient Gold Trade—Position of the Ruler of Ágades—The Sultan and his Minister—Meaning of the word “Turáwa”—The Town, its Population—Period of Decline—Ground-Plan and Quarters of the Town—Decline of Commerce—Market Prices. | |
| CHAPTER XIX. |
| DEPARTURE FROM ÁGADES.—STAY IN TIN-TÉGGANA | [211] |
| Abortive Commencement of Journey—The Valley Tíggeda full of Life—Tin-téllust deserted—Arrival in Tin-téggana—Stay in Tin-téggana—Mohammed el Gatróni—Turbulent State of the Country—Conversation on Religion—Poor Diet—Prolonged Delay—Preparations for Starting. | |
| CHAPTER XX. |
| FINAL DEPARTURE FOR SUDÁN | [220] |
| Taking Leave of Tin-téggana—Trachytic Peak of Teléshera—Valley of Tánegat—The Salt Caravan—Wild Manners of the Tuarek—Mount Mári—Richer Vegetation—Well Álbes—Tebu Merchants—Chémia—Mount Bághzen—Camels lost—Rich Valley Unán—Stone Dwellings of Kél-gerés—Christmas Day—Taking Leave of Hamma. | |
| CHAPTER XXI. |
| THE BORDER REGION OF THE DESERT—THE TAGÁMA | [229] |
| Travelling in Earnest—Home of the Giraffe and Antilope leucoryx—The Mágariá—The Cornus nabeca and the Feathery Bristle—Princely Present—Animals (Orycteropus Æthiopicus)—The Tagáma; their Peculiar Character—The Tarki Beauty—New Plants—Steep Descent—Ponds of Stagnant Water—Cornfields of Damerghú—The Warlike Chief Dan Íbra—Ungwa Sámmit—Negro Architecture—Name of the Hut in Various Languages—Animal and Vegetable Kingdoms—Horses grazing—Arrival in Tágelel—The Ikázkezan Freebooter—Niggardliness of the Chief—Towns and Villages of Damerghú—The Haunts of the Freebooters—Market of Tágelel—The “Devil’s Dance.” | |
| CHAPTER XXII. |
| SEPARATION OF THE TRAVELLERS—THE BORDER DISTRICTS OF THE INDEPENDENT PAGAN CONFEDERATION—TASÁWA | [243] |
| Dissembling of the Chief—His steadfast Character—Mr. Richardson’s Health—Separation—Different Roads to Kanó—Animated Intercourse—Native Warfare—The First Large Tamarind-tree—Villages and Wells—Separation from Mr. Overweg—Improved Scenery—Encampment at Gozenákko—Lively Camp Scene—Native Delicacies—Revenues of Tasáwa—Astounding Message—Visit to Tasáwa—The Market in Tasáwa—Náchirá, Ánnur’s Estate—Character of the People and their Dwellings—Intrigue defeated—Counting Shells—A Petty Sultan—Dyeing-Pits. | |
| CHAPTER XXIII. |
| GAZÁWA—RESIDENCE IN KÁTSENA | [257] |
| An African Dandy—My Protector Elaiji—Camp Life—Fortifications and Market of Gazáwa—March resumed—Desolate Wilderness—Site of Dánkama—Struggle between Islámism and Paganism—Encampment near Kátsena—Estimate of Salt Caravan—Negro Horsemen—Equestrian Musicians—The Governor of Kátsena—Detained by him—The Governor’s Wiles—Disputes—Who is the “Káfer”?—Clapperton’s Companion—The Tawáti Bel-Ghét conciliated—Extortionate Demands—Subject about the Káfer resumed—The Presents—Promenade through the Town—The Governor’s Wishes—Taking Leave of him. | |
| CHAPTER XXIV. |
| HÁUSA—HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF KÁTSENA—ENTRY INTO KANÓ | [273] |
| The Name Háusa—Origin of the Háusa Nation—The Seven States—Origin of the Town of Kátsena—The Mohammedan Missionary Ben Maghíli—Kings of Kátsena—The First Moslim—The Oldest Quarter—Magnitude of the Town—Its Decline—Salubrious Site and Favourable Situation of Kátsena—Departure from Kátsena—Wild State of the Country—Shibdáwa—Rich Scenery—Kusáda—The Bentang Tree—Women with Heavy Loads—Beehives—Gúrzo—Approach to Kanó—Straggling Villages—Composition of our Troop—First View of Dalá—Entering Kanó. | |
| CHAPTER XXV. |
| RESIDENCE IN KANÓ—VIEW OF ITS INTERIOR—ITS HISTORY AND PRESENT STATE—COMMERCE | [286] |
| My Situation in Kanó—Debts—Projects—The Commissioner—Difficulties—Sickness—Interior of Kanó; Animated Picture—The Quarters of the Conquered and the Ruling Race—The “Serkí” and the Gháladíma—The Audience—Presents—Plan of Kanó—Street Groups—Industry—View from Mount Dalá—Acquaintances in Kanó—Meditated Departure—Historical Sketch of Kanó—Growth of the Town—The Quarters of the Town—Ground-plan of my House—Population—Commerce—Various Kinds of Zénne—Export of Cloth—Grand Character of Trade—Produce—The Guinea-fowl Shirt—Leather Work—Kola-nut—Slaves—Natron, Salt, Ivory Trade—European Goods in Kanó—The South-American Slave-traders—Small Quantity of Calico—Silk—Woollen Cloth—Beads—Sugar—Firearms—Razors—Arab Dresses—Copper—The Shells and the Dollar—Markets of Kanó—Revenues—Administration—The Conquering Tribe. | |
| CHAPTER XXVI. |
| STARTING FOR KÚKAWA—THE FRONTIER DISTRICT | [310] |
| Leaving Kanó quite by myself—My Trooper—Get off later—Domestic Slavery—Gezáwa—My Runaway Servant ʿAbdallah—The Sheríf and his Attendants—Mules in Negroland—Kúka Mairuwá—Insecurity—Scarcity of Water—Natron Trade—Endurance and Privations of the Traveller—Arrival at Gerki—Take Leave of Háusa—Gúmmel—Housebuilding—Antidote—Market at Gúmmel—Magnitude of Ilóri—Two Spanish Dollars—Depart from Gúmmel—Benzári—The Rebel Chief Bokhári—His Exploits—The Governor of Máshena—Letter-carrier’s Mistake—Curious Talisman—Manga Warriors—Wuëlleri—Scarcity of Water again—Town of Máshena—State of the Country—Cheerful, Out-of-the-way Place—Álamáy—Búndi and the Gháladíma—The Kárda—Route from Kanó to Álamáy by Way of Khadéja. | |
| CHAPTER XXVII. |
| BORNU PROPER | [333] |
| Intercourse—Change of Life in Negroland—Region of the Dúm-palm—The Kúri Ox—The River Wáni—Enter Bórnu Proper—Zurríkuló—News of the Death of Mr. Richardson—Sandy Downs—Déffowa—Industry—The Stray Camel—Town of Wadi—Good Market and no Provisions—Hospitable Treatment—The Banks of the Wáni—Locusts and Hawks—Ngurútuwa; Grave of Mr. Richardson—The Tuarek again—Aláune—The Jungles of the Komádugu—Ruins of Ghámbarú—A Forest Encampment—Nomadic Herdsmen—Abundance of Milk—Ford of the Komádugu—Native Ferry-boats—Khér-Álla, the Border-warfarer—Changing Guides—The Runaway Horse—A Domestic Quarrel. | |
| CHAPTER XXVIII. |
| ARRIVAL IN KÚKAWA | [352] |
| Peculiar Character of the Alluvial Plains of Bórnu—The Attentive Woman—Entrance into Kúkawa—Servants of the Mission—Debts of the Mission—Interview with the Vizier—Sheikh ʿOmár—Mr. Richardson’s Property—Amicable Arrangements. | |
| CHAPTER XXIX. |
| AUTHENTICITY AND GENERAL CHARACTER OF THE HISTORY OF BÓRNU | [357] |
| Documents—Beginning of written History—Pedigree of the Bórnu Kings—Chronology—Harmony of Facts—The Séfuwa Dynasty—Ébn Khaldún—Makrízí and Ébn Batúta—Surprising Accuracy of the Chronicle of Bórnu—Statement of Leo Africanus—Berber Origin of the Séfuwa—Form of Government—The Berber Race—The Queen Mother—Indigenous Tribes—The Tedá or Tebu—The Soy—Epochs of Bórnu History—Greatest Power—Decline of the Bórnu Empire—The Kánemíyín. | |
| CHAPTER XXX. |
| THE CAPITAL OF BÓRNU | [369] |
| My Friends—The Arab Áhmed bel Mejúb—The Púllo Íbrahím from the Senegal—Dangerous Medical Practice—Áhmed the Traveller—My Bórnu Friends—The Vizier el Háj Beshír; his Career; his Domestic Establishment; his Leniency—Debts of the Mission paid—The English House—Plague of Insects—Preparations for a Journey—Character of Kúkawa—The Two Towns—The Great Market—Business and Concourse—Defective Currency—Prices of Provisions—Fruits—Camels—Horses—Want of Native Industry—Bórnu Women—Promenade. | |
| CHAPTER XXXI. |
| THE TSÁD | [386] |
| Character of the Road to Ngórnu—Ngórnu—Searching the Tsád—Longer Excursion—Character of the Shores of the Tsád—The Búdduma and their Boats—Fresh Water—Swampy Plains—Boats of the Búdduma again—Maduwári—Dress of the Sugúrti—Account of the Lake—Shores of the Creek—Sóyorum—Káwa—Return to Kúkawa—Servants Dismissed—Mohammed Titíwi the Auspicious Messenger—Slave Caravan—Announcement of Rainy Season—Ride to Gawánge—Mr. Overweg’s Arrival—Meeting—Property restored—Mercantile Intrigues—The Sheikh’s Relatives—Messengers from Ádamáwa—Anticipated Importance of the Eastern Branch of the Niger—Proposed Journey to Ádamáwa. | |
| CHAPTER XXXII. |
| SETTING OUT ON MY JOURNEY TO ÁDAMÁWA—THE FLAT, SWAMPY GROUNDS OF BÓRNU | [401] |
| Leaving Kúkawa—The Road Southwards—Inhospitality near the Capital—Buying with a Shirt—The Winter Corn—The Shúwa Arabs—Múngholo Gezáwa—Fair Arabs—Magá District—The Gámerghú District—District of Ujé—Fine Country—Mábaní—Pilgrim Traders, Banks of the Yáloë—First View of the Mountains—Fúgo Mozári—Market of Ujé—Aláwo—Approach to Mándará. | |
| CHAPTER XXXIII. |
| THE BORDER COUNTRY OF THE MARGHÍ | [410] |
| Question about Snowy Mountains—The Blacksmith—Shámo District—A Storm—Molghoy—The Southern Molghoy—Large Kúrna-trees—Structure of the Huts—Deviations from Negro Type—The Marghí, their Attire and Language—Edible Wild Fruits—The Baobab—Beautiful Scenery—Íssege—Spirit of the Natives—Degenerate Fúlbe—The Lake—View of Mount Míndif—Wándalá Mountains—Route to Sugúr—The Marghí Tribe—Scientific Dispute—Unsafe Wilderness—Unwholesome Water—The Return of the Slave Girl—The Bábir Tribe—Laháula—The Idol—Alarm—Abundance of Vegetable Butter—Serious March—The Báza Tribe—The Dividing Range—Úba—The New Colony. | |
| CHAPTER XXXIV. |
| ÁDAMÁWA—MOHAMMEDAN SETTLEMENTS IN THE HEART OF CENTRAL AFRICA | [428] |
| The Conquering Tribe—The Granite Hills—Valley and Mountain Chain—Isolated Mountain Groups—Múbi—The Surrounding Country—Origin of the Fúlbe—Bágma and Peculiar Structures—Camels a Novelty—Compliment paid to the Christian—Mbutúdi—Fúlbe Way of Saluting—The Déléb-palm (Borassus flabelliformis?) and its Fruit—The Granite Mount—Simplicity of Manners—Mount Hólma—Legéro—Edible Productions—Ground-nut Diet—Badaníjo—Fertile Vale—Temporary Scarcity—Kurúlu—Red and White Sorghum—Saráwu Beréberé—Comfortable Quarters—Accurate Description—Important Situation of Saráwu—Tebu Traders—Fair Negroes—Market of Saráwu—Saráwu Fulfúlde—The Mansion—The Blind Governor—Principal Men in Yóla—Mount Konkel—Bélem—An Arab Adventurer—Rich Vegetation—The Young Púllo—Old Mallem Dalíli—Arab Colony—A Country for Colonies—Ruined Village (Melágo)—Gastronomic Discussion—Máyo Tíyel—The Bátta Tribe—Sulléri—Inhospitable Reception. | |
| CHAPTER XXXV. |
| THE MEETING OF THE WATERS—THE BENUWÉ AND FÁRO | [451] |
| Approach to the River—Mount Alantíka and the Bénuwé—The Tépe or “Junction”—The great Arm of the Kwára—The Traveller’s Pursuits—Highroad of Commerce—The Frail Canoes—Bathing in the Bénuwé—The Passage—The River Fáro; its Current—Floods and Fall of the River—Chabajáure—Densely inhabited District—Mount Bágelé—The Backwater—Ribágo—Cultivation of Rice—The Bátta Language—Inundation—Yebbórewó—Mount Bágelé and Island—Reach Yóla. | |
| CHAPTER XXXVI. |
| MY RECEPTION IN YÓLA—SHORT STAY—DISMISSAL | [461] |
| Inauspicious Entrance—Curiosity of Natives—Quarters—An Arab Traveller to Lake Nyassa—The Governor Mohammed Láwl—The Audience—The Mission repulsed—The Governor’s Brother Mansúr—Ordered to withdraw—Begin my Return Journey—Character of Yóla—Slavery—Extent of Fúmbiná—Elevation and Climate—Vegetable and Animal Kingdom—Principal Chiefs of the Country—Tribes; the Bátta, the Chámba, and other Tribes. | |
| CHAPTER XXXVII. |
| MY JOURNEY HOME FROM ÁDAMÁWA | [474] |
| Start from Ribágo—Hospitable Treatment in Sulléri—Demsa-Póha—The Memorable Campaign Southward—View of a Native Settlement—Beautiful Country—Bélem again—Mʿallem Dalíli and his Family—Múglebú—Múbi—My Quarters—Household Furniture—Uba—Unsafe Boundary District—Laháula—Íssege—Iron Ornaments of the Marghí—Funeral Dance—Ordeal—Feeling of Love—A Party going to Sacrifice—Arrival at Yerímarí—Villages of the Gámerghú—Ujé Kásukulá—Difference of Climate—Plants—Huts—Plains of Bórnu Proper—Seizing a Hut—African Schoolboys—A wandering Tribe—Town and Country—Guinea Worm—Thunderstorm—People returning from Market—Múnghono—Return to Kúkawa. | |
| CHAPTER XXXVIII. |
| RAINY SEASON IN KÚKAWA | [491] |
| Supplies—The Herbage—Tropical Rains—Mr. Vogel’s Statement—The Winged Ant—Various Kinds of Cultivation—Intended Excursion to Kanem—Mr. Overweg’s Memoranda—Political Situation of Bórnu—The Turks in Central Africa—Sókoto and Wadáÿ—The Festival—Ceremonies of Festivity—Dependent Situation—My Horse. | |
| CHAPTER XXXIX. |
| EXPEDITION TO KÁNEM | [501] |
| Money Matters settled—A Repentant Servant—Delights of Open Encampment—Dawerghú—Treatment by Slaves—Variety of Trees—Scarcity of Water—The Town of Yó—Marriage Customs—Character of the Country—Arrival of Mr. Overweg—Banks of the River—Character of our Freebooting Companions—Crossing the River—Town of Báruwa—View of the Tsád—Native Salt—Desolate Country—Ninety-six Elephants—Another Scene of Plunder—Arrival at Berí—Importance of Berí—Fresh-water Lakes and Natron—Submerged in a Bog—A Large Snake—The Valleys and Vales of Kánem—Arrival at the Arab Camp. | |
| CHAPTER XL. |
| THE HORDE OF THE WELÁD SLIMÁN | [518] |
| The Welád Slimán—Their Power—Slaughter of the Welád Slimán—Interview with Sheikh Ghét—Interview with ʿOmár—Specimen of Predatory Life—Runaway Female Slave—Rich Vales—Large Desertion—A Jewish Adventurer—Musical Box—False Alarm. | |
| CHAPTER XLI. |
| SHITÁTI—THE EASTERN, MORE FAVOURED, VALLEYS OF KÁNEM | [526] |
| Bír el Ftáim—The Fugábú—Projects frustrated—Kárká and the Keghámma—Elephant’s Track—Bóro—Bérendé—Towáder—Beautiful Vale—Preparations for Attack—Left behind—Regularly formed Valley—Hénderi Síggesí—Attack by the Natives—Much Anxiety—Join our Friends—Encampment at Áláli Adia—Visited by the Keghámma—Camp taken—Restless Night—Fine Vale Tákulum—Vales of Shitáti—Return to the Principal Camp—Wadáÿ Horsemen—Set out on Return to Kúkawa—Departure from Kánem—Alarms—The Komádugu again—Return to Kúkawa. | |
| CHAPTER XLII. |
| WARLIKE PREPARATIONS AGAINST MÁNDARÁ | [543] |
| Set out on another Expedition—The Camp, or Ngáufate—The Chef de Police Lamíno—Army in Motion—Lamíno again—Major Denham’s Adventure—The Town of Márte—Ála—Encampment at Díkowa—Firearms and Civilization—Slavery and Slave-trade—The Shúwa—The Interior of Díkowa—Industry—Banks of the Yálowe—Cotton Plantations—The Camp Market—Friendly Services—Important Information—Háj Edrís. | |
| CHAPTER XLIII. |
| THE BORDER REGION OF THE SHÚWA | [557] |
| News from Mándará—Áfagé—Thieves forced to fight—The Sweet Sorghum—Variations of Temperature—Shallow Watercourses—Subjection of Mándará—Extensive Rice-fields—Hard Ground—Elephants—The Court of Ádishén—The Army on the March—The Súmmoli—The Army badly off—Entering the Músgu Country—Industry pillaged—Native Architecture—Affinity of the Músgu—Their Chief Places—The Adventurous Chieftain—Ádishén—Christmas Events. | |
| CHAPTER XLIV. |
| THE COUNTRY OF THE SHALLOW RIVERS—WATER-PARTING BETWEEN THE RIVERS BÉNUWÉ AND SHÁRÍ | [573] |
| The Deléb-palm—New Features—Worship of Ancestors—Cut off from the Army—Spoil and Slaughter—Alarm and Cowardice—Músgu Weapons—The Túburi not attacked—Ngáljam of Démmo—Destruction—New Year—Pagan Chiefs and Priests—Fine Landscape—The River of Logón—Singular Water Combat—The Túburi and their Lake—The Swampy Character of the Ngáljam—The River again—Water Communication—Plucky Pagans—Balls and Stones—Consequences of Slave Hunts—Penetrating Southward. | |
| CHAPTER XLV. |
| RETURN TO BÓRNU | [592] |
| Another Alarm—Policy of Negroland—Cattle Indigenous or Imported—Another District Plundered—The Músgu Slave—Narrow Escape—Attack by Bees—African Netherlands—Miseries of Slave Hunts—Barren Country—Residence of Kábishmé—Native Architecture—Ground-plan of a Dwelling—Amount of Booty—Wáza—Encampment at Wáza—Re-arrival at Kúkawa. | |