SCENE THIRTEENTH.
In Cairo. A large courtyard, surrounded by high walls and buildings. Barred windows; iron cages.
Three Keepers in the courtyard. A Fourth comes in.
The Newcomer.
Schafmann, say, where’s the director gone?
A Keeper.
He drove out this morning some time before dawn.
The First.
I think something must have occurred to annoy him;
For last night——
Another.
Hush, be quiet; he’s there at the door!
[Begriffenfeldt leads Peer Gynt in, locks the gate, and puts the key in his pocket.
Peer.
[To himself.]
Indeed an exceedingly gifted man;
Almost all that he says is beyond comprehension.
[Looks around.
So this is the Club of the Savants, eh?
Begriffenfeldt.
Here you will find them, every man jack of them;—
The group of Interpreters threescore and ten;[[101]]
Of late it has grown by a hundred and sixty——
[Shouts to the Keepers.
Mikkel, Schlingelberg, Schafmann, Fuchs,—
Into the cages with you at once!
The Keepers.
We!
Begriffenfeldt.
Who else, pray? Get in, get in!
When the world twirls around, we must twirl with it too.
[Forces them into a cage.
He’s arrived this morning, the mighty Peer;—
The rest you can guess,—I need say no more.
[Locks the cage door, and throws the key into a well.
Peer.
But, my dear Herr Doctor and Director, pray——?
Begriffenfeldt.
Neither one nor the other! I was before——
Herr Peer, are you secret? I must ease my heart——
Peer.
[With increasing uneasiness.]
What is it?
Begriffenfeldt.
Promise you will not tremble.
Peer.
I will do my best, but——
Begriffenfeldt.
[Draws him into a corner, and whispers.]
The Absolute Reason
Departed this life at eleven last night.
Peer.
God help me——!
Begriffenfeldt.
Why, yes, it’s extremely deplorable.
And as I’m placed, you see, it is doubly unpleasant;
For this institution has passed up to now
For what’s called a madhouse.
Peer.
A madhouse, ha!
Begriffenfeldt.
Not now, understand!
Peer.
[Softly, pale with fear.]
Now I see what the place is!
And the man is mad;—and there’s none that knows it!
[Tries to steal away.
Begriffenfeldt.
[Following him.]
However, I hope you don’t misunderstand me?
When I said he was dead, I was talking stuff.
He’s beside himself. Started clean out of his skin,—
Just like my compatriot Münchausen’s fox.
Peer.
Excuse me a moment——
Begriffenfeldt.
[Holding him back.]
I meant like an eel;—
It was not like a fox. A needle through his eye;—
And he writhed on the wall——
Peer.
Where can rescue be found?
Begriffenfeldt.
A snick round his neck, and whip! out of his skin![skin!]
Peer.
He’s raving! He’s utterly out of his wits!
Begriffenfeldt.
Now it’s patent, and can’t be dissimulated,
That this from-himself-going must have for result
A complete revolution by sea and land.
The persons one hitherto reckoned as mad,
You see, became normal last night at eleven,
Accordant with Reason in its newest phase.
And more, if the matter be rightly regarded,
It’s patent that, at the aforementioned hour,
The sane folks, so called, began forthwith to rave.
Peer.
You mentioned the hour, sir; my time is but scant——
Begriffenfeldt.
Your time, did you say? There you jog my remembrance!
[Opens a door and calls out.
Come forth all! The time that shall be is proclaimed!
Reason is dead and gone; long live Peer Gynt!
Peer.
Now, my dear good fellow——!
[The Lunatics come one by one, and at intervals, into the courtyard.
Begriffenfeldt.
Good morning! Come forth,
And hail the dawn of emancipation!
Your Kaiser has come to you!
Peer.
Kaiser?
Begriffenfeldt.
Of course!
Peer.
But the honour’s so great, so entirely excessive——
Begriffenfeldt.
Oh, do not let any false modesty sway you
At an hour such as this.
Peer.
But at least give me time——
No, indeed, I’m not fit; I’m completely dumbfounded!
Begriffenfeldt.
A man who has fathomed the Sphinx’s meaning![meaning!]
A man who’s himself!
Peer.
Ay, but that’s just the rub.
It’s true that in everything I am myself;
But here the point is, if I follow your meaning,
To be, so to phrase it, outside oneself.
Begriffenfeldt.
Outside? No, there you are strangely mistaken!
It’s here, sir, that one is oneself with a vengeance;
Oneself, and nothing whatever besides.
We go, full sail, as our very selves.
Each one shuts himself up in the barrel of self,
In the self-fermentation he dives to the bottom,—
With the self-bung he seals it hermetically,
And seasons the staves in the well of self.
No one has tears for the other’s woes;
No one has mind for the other’s ideas.
We’re our very selves, both in thought and tone,
Ourselves to the spring-board’s uttermost verge,—
And so, if a Kaiser’s to fill the Throne,
It is clear that you are the very man.
Peer.
O would that the devil——!
Begriffenfeldt.
Come, don’t be cast down;
Almost all things in nature are new at the first.
“Oneself”;—come, here you shall see an example;
I’ll choose you at random the first man that comes——
[To a gloomy figure.
Good-day, Huhu? Well, my boy, wandering round
For ever with misery’s impress upon you?
Huhu.[[102]]
Can I help it, when the people,
Race[[103]] by race, dies untranslated.[[104]]
[To Peer Gynt.
You’re a stranger; will you listen?
Peer.
[Bowing.]
Oh, by all means!
Huhu.
Lend your ear then.—
Eastward far, like brow-borne garlands,
Lie the Malabarish seaboards.
Hollanders and Portugueses
Compass all the land with culture.
There, moreover, swarms are dwelling
Of the pure-bred Malabaris.
These have muddled up the language,
They now lord it in the country.—
But in long-departed ages
There the orang-outang was the ruler.
He, the forest’s lord and master,
Freely fought and snarled in freedom.
As the hand of nature shaped him,
Just so grinned he, just so gaped he.
He could shriek unreprehended;
He was ruler in his kingdom.—
Ah, but then the foreign yoke came,
Marred the forest-tongue primeval.
Twice two hundred years of darkness[[105]]
Brooded o’er the race of monkeys;
And, you know, nights so protracted
Bring a people to a standstill.—
Mute are now the wood-notes primal;
Grunts and growls are heard no longer;—
If we’d utter our ideas,
It must be by means of language.
What constraint on all and sundry!
Hollanders and Portugueses,
Half-caste race and Malabaris,
All alike must suffer by it.—
I have tried to fight the battle
Of our real, primal wood-speech,—
Tried to bring to life its carcass,—
Proved the people’s right of shrieking,—
Shrieked myself, and shown the need of
Shrieks in poems for the people.—
Scantly, though, my work is valued.—
Now I think you grasp my sorrow.
Thanks for lending me a hearing;—
Have you counsel, let me hear it!
Peer.
[Softly.]
It is written: Best be howling
With the wolves that are about you.
[Aloud.
Friend, if I remember rightly,
There are bushes in Morocco,
Where orang-outangs in plenty
Live with neither bard nor spokesman;—
Their speech sounded Malabarish;—
It was classical and pleasing.
Why don’t you, like other worthies,
Emigrate to serve your country?
Huhu.
Thanks for lending me a hearing;—
I will do as you advise me.
[With a large gesture.
East! thou hast disowned thy singer!
West! thou hast orang-outangs still!
[Goes.
Begriffenfeldt.
Well, was he himself? I should rather think so.
He’s filled with his own affairs, simply and solely.
He’s himself in all that comes out of him,—
Himself, just because he’s beside himself.
Come here! Now I’ll show you another one
Who’s no less, since last evening, accordant with Reason.
[To a Fellah, with a mummy on his back.
King Apis, how goes it, my mighty lord?
The Fellah.
[Wildly, to Peer Gynt.]
Am I King Apis?
Peer.
[Getting behind the Doctor.]
I’m sorry to say
I’m not quite at home in the situation;
But I certainly gather, to judge by your tone——
The Fellah.
Now you too are lying.
Begriffenfeldt.
Your Highness should state
How the whole matter stands.
The Fellah.
Yes, I’ll tell him my tale.
[Turns to Peer Gynt.
Do you see whom I bear on my shoulders?
His name was King Apis of old.
Now he goes by the title of mummy,
And withal he’s completely dead.
All the pyramids yonder he builded,
And hewed out the mighty Sphinx,
And fought, as the Doctor puts it,
With the Turks, both to rechts and links.
And therefore the whole of Egypt
Exalted him as a god,
And set up his image in temples,
In the outward shape of a bull.—
But I am this very King Apis,
I see that as clear as day;
And if you don’t understand it,
You shall understand it soon.
King Apis, you see, was out hunting,
And got off his horse awhile,
And withdrew himself unattended
To a part of my ancestor’s land.
But the field that King Apis manured
Has nourished me with its corn;
And if further proofs are demanded,
Know, I have invisible horns.
Now, isn’t it most accursëd
That no one will own my might!
By birth I am Apis of Egypt,
But a fellah in other men’s sight.
Can you tell me what course to follow?—
Then counsel me honestly.—
The problem is how to make me
Resemble King Apis the Great.
Peer.
Build pyramids then, your highness,
And carve out a greater Sphinx,
And fight, as the Doctor puts it,
With the Turks, both to rechts and links.
The Fellah.
Ay, that is all mighty fine talking!
A fellah! A hungry louse!
I, who scarcely can keep my hovel
Clear even of rats and mice.
Quick, man,—think of something better,
That’ll make me both great and safe,
And further, exactly like to
King Apis that’s on my back!
Peer.
What if your highness hanged you,
And then, in the lap of earth,
’Twixt the coffin’s natural frontiers,
Kept still and completely dead.
The Fellah.
I’ll do it! My life for a halter!
To the gallows with hide and hair!—
At first there will be some difference,
But that time will smooth away.
[Goes off and prepares to hang himself.
Begriffenfeldt.
There’s a personality for you, Herr Peer,—
A man of method——
Peer.
Yes, yes; I see——;
But he’ll really hang himself! God grant us grace!
I’ll be ill;—I can scarcely command my thoughts!
Begriffenfeldt.
A state of transition; it won’t last long.
Peer.
Transition? To what? With your leave—I must go——
Begriffenfeldt.
[Holding him.]
Are you crazy?
Peer.
Not yet——. Crazy? Heaven forbid!
[A commotion. The Minister Hussein[[106]] forces his way through the crowd.
Hussein.
They tell me a Kaiser has come to-day.
[To Peer Gynt.
It is you?
Peer.
[In desperation.]
Yes, that is a settled thing!
Hussein.
Good.—Then no doubt there are notes to be answered?
Peer.
[Tearing his hair.]
Come on! Right you are, sir;—the madder the better!
Hussein.
Will you do me the honour of taking a dip?
[Bowing deeply.
I am a pen.
Peer.
[Bowing still deeper.]
Why then I am quite clearly
A rubbishy piece of imperial parchment.
Hussein.
My story, my lord, is concisely this:
They take me for a pounce-box,[[107]] and I am a pen.
Peer.
My story, Sir Pen, is, to put it briefly:
I’m a blank sheet of paper that no one will write on.
Hussein.
No man understands in the least what I’m good for;
They all want to use me for scattering sand with!
Peer.
I was in a woman’s keeping a silver-clasped book;—
It’s one and the same misprint to be either mad or sane!
Hussein.
Just fancy, what an exhausting life.
To be a pen and never taste the edge of a knife!
Peer.
[With a high leap.]
Just fancy, for a reindeer to leap from on high—
To fall and fall—and never feel the ground beneath your hoofs!
Hussein.
A knife! I am blunt;—quick, mend me and slit me!
The world will go to ruin if they don’t mend my point for me!
Peer.
A pity for the world which, like other self-made things,
Was reckoned by the Lord to be so excellently good.
Begriffenfeldt.
Here’s a knife!
Hussein.
[Seizing it.]
Ah, how I shall lick up the ink now!
Oh, what rapture to cut oneself!
[Cuts his throat.
Begriffenfeldt.
[Stepping aside.]
Pray do not sputter.[sputter.]
Peer.
[In increasing terror.]
Hold him!
Hussein.
Ay, hold me! That is the word!
Hold! Hold the pen! On the desk with the paper——!
[Falls.
I’m outworn. The postscript—remember it, pray:
He lived and he died as a fate-guided pen.[pen.][[108]]
Peer.
[Dizzily.]
What shall I——! What am I? Thou mighty——hold fast!
I am all that thou wilt,—I’m a Turk, I’m a sinner——
A hill-troll——; but help;—there was something that burst——!
[Shrieks.
I cannot just hit on thy name at the moment;—
Oh, come to my aid, thou—all madmen’s protector!
[Sinks down insensible.
Begriffenfeldt.
[With a wreath of straw in his hand, gives a bound
and sits astride of him.]
Ha! See him in the mire enthronëd;—
Beside himself——To crown him now!
[Presses the wreath on Peer Gynt’s head, and shouts:
Long life, long life to Self-hood’s Kaiser!
Schafmann.
[In the cage.]
Es lebe hoch der grosse Peer!
Footnotes:
[65]. In the original, “Master Cotton.”
[66]. A Swede. The name means “trumpet-blast.”
[67]. In the original (early editions), “Werry well.”
[68]. So in original.
[69]. This may not be a very lucid or even very precise rendering of Verdensborgerdomsforpagtning; but this line, and indeed the whole speech, is pure burlesque; and the exact sense of nonsense is naturally elusive.
[70]. So in original.
[71]. Literally, “pack-camel.”
[72]. So in original.
[73]. So in original.
[74]. So in original.
[75]. So in original.
[76]. In the original “kejser.” We have elsewhere used the word “Kaiser,” but in this scene, and in Scenes 7 and 8 of this act, the ordinary English form seemed preferable.
[77]. So in original.
[78]. An allusion to the spurs with which Charles XII. is said to have torn the caftan of the Turkish Vizier who announced to him that the Sultan had concluded a truce with Russia. The boots and spurs, it would appear, have been preserved, but with the buckles missing.
[79]. So in original.
[80]. So in original.
[81]. So in original.
[82]. Mr. Cotton seems to have confounded Olympus with Parnassus.
[83]. So in original.
[84]. An allusion to the attitude of Sweden during the Danish War of 1863-64, with special reference to the diplomatic notes of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Grev Manderström. He is also aimed at in the character of Hussein in the last scene of this act. See Introduction.
[85]. So in original.
[86]. This is not to be taken as a burlesque instance of the poet’s supposed preoccupation with questions of heredity, but simply as an allusion to the fact that, in the East, thieving and receiving are regular and hereditary professions.
[87]. This proposal was seriously mooted about ten years after the appearance of Peer Gynt.
[88]. Or “ego.”
[89]. In original, “Pundsterling og shilling.”
[90]. In the original, “De har snydt——hm; jeg mener syndet, mit barn!”
[91]. In the previous edition we restored the exact wording of Goethe’s line, “zieht uns hinan.” We ought to have understood that the point of the speech lay in the misquotation.
[92]. Literally, “on the basis of.”
[93]. So in original.
[94]. Literally, “you’re looed” or “euchred.”
[95]. Literally, “behave as though sober and wakeful.”[wakeful.”]
[96]. Literally, “spirituel.”
[97]. Sidst—literally, “when last we met.”
[98]. “Gå udenom,” the phrase used by the Boyg, Act ii. sc. 7.
[99]. So in original.
[100]. So in original.
[101]. This is understood to refer to the authors of the Greek version of the Old Testament, known as the Septuagint. We are unable to account for the hundred and sixty recruits to their company.
[102]. See Introduction.
[103]. Literally, “generation.”
[104]. Literally, “uninterpreted.”
[105]. An allusion to the long period of stagnation in the history of Norway under the Danish rule—say, from 1400 to 1800.
[107]. The pounce-box (for strewing “pounce” or sand on undried ink) had not yet been quite superseded by blotting-paper.
[108]. “En påholden pen.” “Underskrive med påholden pen”—to sign by touching a pen which is guided by another.