Footnotes
[1.] His jurisdiction extended from Norfolk around to Sussex.
[2.] This is the usually accepted division of tribes; but Dr. Latham denies that the Jutes, or inhabitants of Jutland, shared in the invasion. The difficult question does not affect the scope of our inquiry.
[3.] Gibbon's Decline and Fall, c. lv.
[4.] H. Martin, Histoire de France, i. 53.
[5.] Vindication of the Ancient British Poems.
[6.] Craik's English Literature, i. 37.
[7.] Sharon Turner, History of the Anglo-Saxons, book ix., c. i.
[8.] Bosworth's Anglo-Saxon Dictionary.
[9.] Kemble ("Saxon in England") suggests the resemblance between the fictitious landing of Hengist and Horsa "in three keels," and the Gothic tradition of the migration of Ostrogoths, Visigoths, and Gepidæ to the mouth of the Vistula in the same manner. Dr. Latham (English Language) fixes the Germanic immigration into Britain at the middle of the fourth, instead of the middle of the fifth century.
[10.] Lectures on Modern History, lect, ii.
[11.] Sharon Turner.
[12.] Turner, ch. xii.
[13.] For the discussion of the time and circumstances of the introduction of French into law processes, see Craik, i. 117.
[14.] Sharon Turner's History of the Anglo-Saxons, i. 199. For an admirable summary of the bardic symbolisms and mythological types exhibited in the story of Arthur, see H. Martin, Hist. de France, liv. xx.
[15.] Craik says, (i. 198,) "Or, as he is also called, Lawemon—for the old character represented in this instance by our modern y is really only a guttural, (and by no means either a j or a z,) by which it is sometimes rendered." Marsh says, "Or, perhaps, Lagamon, for we do not know the sound of y in this name."
[16.] Introduction to the Poets of Queen Elizabeth's Age.
[17.] So called from his having a regular district or limit in which to beg.
[18.] Spelled also Wycliffe, Wicliff, and Wyklyf.
[19.] Am. ed., i. 94.
[20.] Wordsworth, Ecc. Son., xvii.
[21.] "The Joyous Science, as the profession of minstrelsy was termed, had its various ranks, like the degrees in the Church and in chivalry."—Sir Walter Scott, (The Betrothed.)
[22.] 1st, the real presence; 2d, celibacy; 3d, monastic vows; 4th, low mass; 5th, auricular confession; 6th, withholding the cup from the laity.
[23.] "The Earl of Surrey is said to have translated one of Virgil's books without rhyme, and, besides our tragedies, a few short poems had appeared in blank verse.... These petty performances cannot be supposed to have much influenced Milton; ... finding blank verse easier than rhyme, he was desirous of persuading himself that it is better."—Lives of the Poets—Milton.
[24.] From this dishonor Mr. Froude's researches among the statute books have not been able to lift him, for he gives system to horrors which were before believed to be eccentric; and, while he fails to justify the monarch, implicates a trembling parliament and a servile ministry, as if their sharing the crime made it less odious.
[25.] The reader's attention is called—or recalled—to the masterly etching of Sir Philip Sidney, in Motley's History of the United Netherlands. The low chant of the cuisse rompue is especially pathetic.
[26.] This last claim of title was based upon the voyages of the Cabots, and the unsuccessful colonial efforts of Raleigh and Gilbert.
[27.] Froude, i. 65.
[28.] Introduction to fifth canto of Marmion.
[29.] Froude, i. 73.
[30.] Opening scene of The Merry Wives of Windsor.
[31.] Rev. A. Dyce attributes this play to Marlowe or Kyd.
[32.] The dates as determined by Malone are given: many of them differ from those of Drake and Chalmers.
If parts allure thee, think how Bacon shined
The wisest, brightest, meanest of mankind.
Pope, Essay on Man.
[34.] Life of Addison.
[35.] Macaulay: Art. on Warren Hastings.
[36.] The handwriting of Junius professionally investigated by Mr. Charles P. Chabot. London, 1871.
[37.] H. C. Robinson, Diary II., 79.