INDEX

Accounting, (uniform) in Ohio, [122];
significance of better, [181], [184]-[185];
unit cost, [185]
Administration, scientific, [181]-[192]
Advertising (political), as a source of patronage, [53];
see also [County press]
Agricultural associations, importance in rural life, [203]
Alabama, origin of county system in, [21];
county officers elective in, [29];
report of prison inspector quoted, [92];
lack of accounting law in, [122];
county local option in, [150]
Alameda County, Cal., work of Tax Association in, [7];
home rule charter proposed in, [81]-[149];
classification as an urban county, [154];
map of, diagram of proposed federation of, [161]-[162];
savings effected through better purchasing methods in, [189];
recommendations as to purchasing methods in, [190]
Almshouse, description of early, [82], [83];
insane in, [87], [137]-[138];
in Westchester County, [200]-[201];
a Texas, [266]-[273];
see [South]
American Judicature Society, proposals for county judiciary of, [131]
American Revolution, influence of its philosophy on local government institutions, [25]
Appointive power, lack of, in county, [30]
Appointive system, workings of, in eastern states, [30]
Appointments, new method employed in Westchester County, N. Y., [201]
Arizona, uniform accounting law in, [122]
Arkansas, lack of accounting law in, [122]
Assessment and taxation, county as a unit of, [125];
state control over, [126]
Assessors, functions of, in New Jersey, [27];
elective officers since 1693, [28];
local selection of, [108]-[109]
Auditing, significance of better, [181]; [187] et seq.
Auditor, importance of independence of, [188]
Automobile, effect on rural life and government, [23]

Ballot, insignificance of county officers on, in many cases, [44]
Baltimore, abolition of county government in, [153];
classification as an urban county, [154]
Board of Chosen Freeholders, powers reduced in Hudson County, N. J., [38]
Board of Supervisors, clerks of, in New York, appear before constitutional convention, [3];
function in fiscal administration of, [14];
duty of, in law enforcement, [132]-[133];
how constituted in ideal county, [171];
text of provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, [220]-[223];
see also [Governing body]
Boroughs, proposed division of Alameda County, Cal., into, [160]
Boston, city-county consolidation in, [158];
metropolitan district compared to London, [164]
Boundaries (county), made obsolete by conditions of modern life, [23];
power to change county, [113];
necessity for relocation of, [153]
Boyle, Prof. John A., on reporting and accounting laws, [122]
Bramhall, F. D, on obscurity of urban counties, [65]
Bridges, frauds in building of, [77];
awarding of contracts for, [98]-[99];
awarding of contracts for, in Polk County, Iowa, [100];
see [Roads and bridges]
Bronx County, N. Y., formation of, [24]
Budget, importance of adequate county executive in making of, [176];
nature of, [177];
significance of better, [181];
accounting basis for, [185]-[187]
Buffalo, N. Y., relation to county, [154];
see [Erie County]
Bureau of Inspection, etc., in Ohio, [121]
Bureau of Public Efficiency, (Chicago), on special county legislation, [116]
Butte County (Cal.), charter of, [149]

California, extent of merit system in counties of, [52];
county legislation in, [115];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
salary of county judges in, [130];
highway progress and plans in, [142];
success of municipal home rule in, [146];
county home rule in, [145]-[147];
county libraries in, [199], [207]-[219];
see also [Alameda County], [Los Angeles County], [San Francisco County], [Assessors]
Cartwright, Otho G., quoted, [176]
Charities, State Board of, in New York, [128];
modern methods in administration of, [136];
gradual abandonment of county as unit for administration of, [138]
Chicago, candidates for county offices voted for in, [62];
law enforcement in, [106];
county government in, [114];
see also [Cook County], Ill.
Chief medical examiner (in New York City), [134];
text of law, [257]-[265]
Children, prohibition against commitment to almshouses, [83];
injustice done to destitute, under New York poor laws, [85];
treatment of, in Westchester County, [202]
Cincinnati, Ohio, proposals for city-county consolidation in, [152]
Cities, reconstructive forces in American, [1];
greater need for government in, [151];
consolidation with counties, [151]-[167];
importance solving the county problem of, [167];
commission government in, [169]
Citizenship (rural), [194]
Civil Service, slow growth of reform in counties, [52];
state control over, [126]-[127];
in Los Angeles County, Cal., [172]-[173], [231]-[239]
Clerk of Court, duties of, [13];
relation to the bench, [135];
see [County Clerk]
Cleveland, Ohio, county government in, [114];
proposal for city-county consolidation in, [152];
relation to county, [154]
Clinton County, N. Y., (County “B”), irregularities in county offices of, [72]-[73]
Colorado, establishment of counties in, [22];
extent of merit system in, [52];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
provisions in constitution of, affecting Denver, [155]
Commission plan of city government, [169]
Commissioner of Charities and Correction, [202]
Commissioners (county) in Pennsylvania, [28]
Commitments to almshouses,—abuses of, in New York, [85], [200]
Comptroller (state), ineffective as check upon county officers without adequate examining staff, [36]
Connecticut, origin of county in, [9];
local system of courts in, [12];
public prosecutor in, [12];
influence of Massachusetts precedents in, [19];
convention in, [38];
appointive judiciary in, [131]
Consolidation (city and county), under California constitution, [149];
in general, [151]-[167]
Constables, law enforcement by, in New York State, [107], [138]
Constabulary, Pennsylvania, [140];
in Los Angeles County charter, [231]
Constitution (state), provisions concerning counties, [112], [115]
Cook County, Ill., President of Board of Commissioners elected by people, [40];
large fees of treasurer in, [51];
county commissioners prevent accounting for county treasurer’s fees, [52];
duplication of local governments in, [63];
humanitarian functions of, [80], [81];
prisoners in county jail of, [80];
insane cared for by, [81];
dependent children cared for by, [81];
appropriations for, in 1913, [81]
Coroner, origin of, [13];
falsity of theory underlying his election, [32];
fees of, [50];
failures in urban counties, [59];
abolition of, proposed, [133];
appointive, [172];
see [Massachusetts], [New York] (city).
Corruption and form of government, [102]
Council, powers of, in Indiana counties, [37]
Council of appointment in New York State, [28]
County, the, treatment of problem in New York constitutional convention, [2], [3];
popular apathy concerning, [5];
neglect of, in college courses, and by journalists, [6];
general statistics concerning, in U. S., [7]-[8];
colonial origin of, [9] et seq.;
legal relation to state government, [10], [11];
general manner of its development, [22]-[23];
decline of, in England, [23];
unadapted to urban conditions, [24];
its failure as a humanitarian agency, [92];
relation to state government, [113], [127], [128];
power to erect new, [113];
limitation on powers of, [113];
misuse of funds by, [120];
as unit for tax assessment, [125];
growing importance of, in certain directions, [143];
superiority over town as tax assessment and collection unit, [144];
abolishment of, proposed in New York City, [157];
the ideal, [168]
—— chambers of commerce, [203]
—— clerk, duties of, [13];
independence of county judge, [130];
relation to the bench, [135];
appointment of advocated, [135];
appointive method of selection of, [171], [172]
——committee, actual power in selecting county officers, [48];
basis of party organization, [55]
—— court, consisted of justices of the peace in Virginia, [17];
its administrative functions in some states, [17];
jurisdiction of, [129]-[132];
see also [County Judge], [Cook County]
—— custodian, office of, created in a New York county, [5]
—— governments, lack of control over local policies, [15];
ineffectual in operation owing to lack of unity, [43];
lack of popular interest in and its effects, [43]-[44];
their stereotyped condition in face of new responsibilities, [60];
at work, [66]-[79];
defects in, as affecting highway matters, [95];
general criticism of, [170]
—— health officers in North Carolina, [195]-[196]
—— hospital in Westchester County (N. Y.), [202]
—— jail, separate jurisdiction of, in Milwaukee, [62];
overcrowding of, [91];
buildings faultily constructed and unsanitary, [91];
need of publicity concerning, [92];
in Westchester County (N. Y.), [202];
insane in, [271]-[273];
see also [Cook County], Ill.
—— judge formerly appointed county officers in Tennessee, [28];
see also [New York] (state), [County Court]
—— libraries, [198]-[199]
—— lieutenant, militia officer in colonies, [17]
—— manager, proposed, [175];
probable influence of, [176]-[177];
proposed in Oregon, [178];
in New York, [178]-[179];
in Alameda County, Cal., [180];
text of proposed law providing for, [251]-[256]
—— officers, duties of, in colonial New England, [18];
effect of obscurity on, [44];
effect of divided allegiance upon efficiency of, [68];
in Los Angeles County, [223]-[225];
under Los Angeles County charter, [227]-[229]
—— physician, in New Jersey functions of, [134];
in North Carolina, [195]
—— planning in Westchester County, N. Y., [197]-[198]
—— poor farm in Westchester County, N. Y., [201]
—— prisons, administration of, by counties, [89]-[92];
see also [County jail]
—— superintendent of schools appointive, [172]
—— surveyor as road master, [96]
—— treasurer, created in Massachusetts, [18];
see [Cook County], Ill.
Court houses, scandals characteristic of building of, [76];
in Hudson County, N. J., [74]-[75]
Courts, differentiation of functions necessary in urban communities, [59];
see also [County Court], [local system of], in colonial Connecticut, [12]
Cox, Governor James J., efforts to improve tax assessment system in Ohio, [111]
Cuyahoga County, O., see [Cleveland]

Dakota, alternative plans of county government in territory of, [22]
Darke County, O., management of road affairs by board of commissioners, [98]
Dayton, O., city manager plan in, [175]
Defectives, treatment of, in Westchester County, N. Y., [201]
Delaware, lack of accounting law in, [122]
Democracy, spirit of, in early nineteenth century, [25]-[26]
Denver, selection of sheriff by mayor in, [133];
classification as an urban county, [154];
constitutional provisions affecting government of, [155]-[156];
commission form of government in, [156];
power of mayor in, [156];
unified control in, [174]
Deputy (chief) county officers, importance of, and relation to elective superiors, [50]
Direct primary, doubtful value of, in county government, [48]
District attorney (state), origin of, in colonial Connecticut, [12]-[13];
popular interest in, [46];
elected on false issue of law enforcement, [107]-[108];
functions of, [134];
essentially a local officer, [155];
see [New York] (state);
see also [Prosecutor]
District attorney (federal), method of selection contrasted with that of local prosecutors, [33]

Efficiency, Bureau of (in Los Angeles County), [191]
Elective road officials, [96]
Electric railways, effect on rural life and government, [23]
Engineering services, duplication of in Milwaukee, [62]
England, importance of its precedents in colonies, [17]
Erie County, N. Y., form of county government in, [114]
Essex County, N. J., classification as urban county, [154];
county park system in, [163];
office of supervisor in, [173]-[174]
Examiners (state), character of service rendered to local officials, [123]
Executive, how absence of, militates against proper law enforcement, [34]-[35], [74]

Federation, proposed in Alameda County, Cal., [159]-[160]
Feeble-minded, removed from county control, [83]
Fees, attraction of, to politician and disposition of, [50]-[51];
of coroner, [50];
theory of system, [51];
failure of system, [51], [202];
abolishment of, in Los Angeles County, [173]
Finance, laxity in methods of, [70];
in bridge construction, [183]
Fire protection, proposed as county function in Alameda County, Cal., [160]
Flaherty v. Milliken, decision in, involving sheriff’s liability, [53]
Florida, uniform accounting law in, [122]
Freeholders, Board of Chosen, (N. J.), [173]

Georgia, uniform accounting law in, [122]
“Good roads” movement, effect on highway administration, [95], [140]
Governing body, ill-adapted for executive functions, [41];
insufficient control over elective county officers, [41];
see also [Boards of supervisors], [Freeholders], [Commissioners]
Governor, formerly appointed county officers in Kentucky, [28];
ineffective control over county officers, [36];
suggestion that sheriffs be appointed by, [133];
county officers appointed by, in Massachusetts, [158]

Hamilton County (O.), see Cincinnati
Haviland, Dr. C. Floyd, on treatment of insane in Pennsylvania, [88]
Health (public), neglected in rural communities, [60];
beginnings and basic idea of movement for, [83];
county as a unit for administration of, [143];
program of, needed in rural sections, under county control, [195]
Highways, as a unifying factor in modern life, [94];
amount spent in U. S. in 1913, [94];
growing state control over, [95];
diminution of county control over, [140] et seq.;
state aid for, [141];
see also [Roads and bridges]
Home office, relations to county of London, [166]
Home rule (county), [145]-[150];
text of provisions in California constitution, [207]-[218];
proposed constitutional amendment in New York, [247]-[250]
Hospital service, duplication of agencies for, in Milwaukee [61];
see also [County hospital]
Hudson County, N. J., court house scandal in, [7];
boulevard commission in, [38];
separate powers of commission, [38];
park system, [39];
building of court house in, [75];
classification as urban county, [154];
supervisor in, [173]-[174]
Humanitarian functions of county, [80]-[93]

Idaho, establishment of counties in, [22];
county local option in, [150]
Illinois, Southern and New England influence on county system of, [21];
county officers under first constitution of, elective, [28];
system in, [52];
insane in penal institutions of, [87];
report of State Charities Commission on county jails, [91]-[92];
Sabbath law enforcement in, [106];
special county legislation in, [116];
optional county government forms in, [147];
see [Cook County]
Indiana, origin of county in, [20];
county officers under first constitution elective, [28];
county government scandal in 1898, [37];
powers of county commissioners reduced by establishment of council, [37];
illegal payments by county officers in, [78];
law enforcement in, [107];
uniform reporting in, [122]
Industrial revolution, indirect influence on county government, [23]
Insane, removed from county control, [83];
care of, by counties, [87]-[89];
first hospital for, at Utica, N. Y., [137];
see [Cook County], Ill., [New Jersey], [Illinois], [Louisiana], [Pennsylvania]
Institutions (state), see Insane, Penitentiaries, Reformatories, etc.
Iowa, county township system in, [20];
methods employed by supervisors in Woodbury County, [76]-[77];
bridge lobby in legislature of, [101];
state control of highways in, [142];
see [Polk County]

Jail, see [County jail]
Jersey City (N. J.), see [Hudson County], N. J.
Judiciary (state), relation of county officers to, [129]-[132];
importance of reorganization, [131];
(federal) cited as instance of appointive method of selection, [131]
“Jungle,” the, [34]-[42]
Justices of the peace, duties of, in colonial Virginia, [17];
functions in Virginia, [27];
power to commit children to almshouses in New York State, [85];
reorganization of, [131];
jurisdiction of, [132]

Kansas, county-township system in, [20];
report of roads and highways committee, [101];
uniform accounting law in, [122]
Kentucky, influence of Virginia upon county organization of, [20];
county officers made appointive in eighteenth century, [28];
reaction against appointive system in, [29];
lack of accounting law in, [122];
county local option in, [150]
Kings County, N. Y., former office of supervisor-at-large in, [40]
Koochiching County ( Wis.), county health organization in, [196]

Labor, provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, [239]
Law enforcement, lax under county officers, [70], [74];
made a political issue, [107];
unification of local agencies for, suggested, [133];
see [Nullification]
Leadership, importance of, in county affairs, [176]
Legislation (county), uniformity in, [112]
Legislative representation, often based upon county, [56]
Lewis, O. F., on county jails in New York, [91]
Libraries, see [County libraries]
Local government, restricted functions of, in early nineteenth century, [27];
new burdens placed upon, as result of congestion of population, [58]
London, functions of county of, [165];
County Council an example of county government unification, [164]-[166]
Long ballot, its effect on organization of county government, [34];
contributions of county to, [62]
Los Angeles County, Cal., charter of, [61], [149], [172], [219], et seq.;
county candidates on ballot of, [62];
civil service in, [191];
public defender in, [200]
Louisiana, police jury in, [21];
insane in parish jails, [87];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
county local option in, [150]

Macy, V. Everit, on operation of poor law in New York State, [84]-[85];
superintendent of the poor, [200]-[203]
Madison, James, influence in favor of retaining original county system in Virginia, [29]
Mail facilities, effect on rural life and government, [24]
Maine, influence of Massachusetts precedents in, [19];
lack of accounting law in, [122]
Marshall, John, influence in favor of retaining original Virginia county system, [29]
Marshals, U. S., method of selection contrasted with that of sheriff, [33], [133]
Maryland, county government, [19];
lack of accounting law in, [122];
highway progress in, [142];
county libraries in, [199]
Massachusetts, origin and early history of county in, [9];
spoils system in, [52];
county prisons in, [90];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
abolition of coroner’s office in, [133];
leader in establishing state penal institutions, [137];
reform institutions in, [137];
state aid in highway construction in, [142];
metropolitan district of, [154]
Medical examiner, suggested as a substitute for coroner, [60];
in Massachusetts, [133];
see also [Chief medical examiner]
Medical referee (in New Hampshire), [134]
Michigan, township-supervisor system in, [20];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
state penitentiary in, [137];
county local option in, [150]
Middle West, insane in almshouses, [87]-[88];
New England influences in, [104]
Milwaukee, Wis., report of City Club of, regarding city and county offices, [61];
county government in, [114];
proposals for city-county consolidation in, [152];
relations to county, [154]
Minnesota, alternative plans of county government in, [22];
uniform accounting law in, [122];
county local option in, [150];
county libraries in, [199]
Mississippi, origin of county system in, [21];
county officers elective in, [29];
lack of accounting law in, [122]
Missouri, county-township system in, [20];
alternative plans of, county organization in, [21];
county officers elective in, [29];
poor law and almshouse administration in, [86];
equalization of taxes in, [110];
lack of accounting law in, [122];
county libraries in, [199]
Monroe County, N. Y., absence of road records in, [98]
Montana, establishment of counties in, [22];
county local option in, [150]
Mosquito Commission, in Hudson County, N. J., [39]

Nassau County, N. Y., work of County Association in, [7];
recommendations of official commission in, for county home rule, [148]
National Municipal League, its report on city-county consolidation, [153], [154]
Nebraska, alternative plans of county organization in, [21];
activity of bridge builders in legislature of, [102];
county libraries in, [199]
Nevada, uniform accounting law in, [122]
New England, influences operating on local government in, [17];
formation of first counties in, [18];
county-town relations in, [143]
New Hampshire, limited powers of commissioners in, [37]-[38];
convention, powers and duties of, [38];
lack of accounting law in, [122];
appointive judiciary in, [131]
New Jersey, local assessors in, [19];
office of supervisor in, [39]-[40];
law affecting sheriff’s appointments, [52];
extent of merit system in counties of, [52];
insane in penal institutions of, [87];
county legislation in, [115]-[116];
state civil service regulation in, [127];
the surrogate in, [130];
appointive judiciary in, [131];
optional county government forms in, [147];
see [Essex County], [Hudson County]
New Mexico, establishment of county system in, [22];
uniform accounting law in, [122]
New York (city), special legislation for counties of, [117];
abolition of coroners in, [134];
city-county consolidation proposals in, [152];
extent of city-county consolidation in, [156]-[157];
metropolitan district compared to London, [164]
New York (county), large fees of sheriff in, [51]
New York (state), counties of, discussed in constitutional convention, [2]-[3];
supervisors in towns of, [19];
elective method applied to sheriffs and county clerks in, [29];
district attorneys and county judges made elective in, [29];
extent of merit system in counties of, [52];
legal relation of sheriff to his deputies in, [52]-[53];
requirements as to county advertising, [53];
almshouses in, [82];
improvement of condition of poor in, [84];
New England influences in, [104];
enforcement of anti-racing laws in, [106];
under-assessment of taxes by local officers, [109];
equalization of taxes in, [110];
county law in, [114];
uniform reporting law in, [121];
civil service regulation in, [127];
State Board of Charities, its jurisdiction, [128];
comptroller, his powers over county officers in, [128];
the surrogate in, [130];
state prisons in, [137];
first state reformatory in, [137];
“state” poor in, [138];
committee on State Police, [139];
highway control in, [142];
County Government Association, its recommendations concerning county home rule, [148];
metropolitan district of, [154];
proposal for county manager in, [178];
classification of county accounts in, [184];
public health movement in, [195];
county libraries in, [199];
see also [Erie County], [Kings County], [Monroe County], [Orange County], [Nassau County], [Prison Assn.], [Westchester County]
New York Times, its proposals for abolishment of counties in New York State, [152]
Niagara County, N. Y., district attorney quoted concerning rural post office robberies, [138]
Niagara Falls, N. Y., city manager plan in, [175]
North Carolina, influence of Virginia precedents on, [19];
lack of accounting law in, [123];
public health movement in, [195];
county physicians in, [195];
home-study clubs in, [204]-[205]
North Dakota, accounting and reporting legislation in, [122]
Northwest, importance of county as unit of government in, [22];
New England influences in, [104]
Nullification, [104]-[111]

Ohio, county-township system in, [20];
county officers in first constitution elective, [28];
extent of merit system in counties of, [52];
pioneer in county reporting, [121]-[122];
state penitentiary in, [137];
highway progress in, [142];
county libraries in, [198]-[199];
see [Cleveland], [Cincinnati], [Darke County]
Oklahoma, uniform accounting law in, [122];
public defender in, [199]
Omaha, long ballot in, owing to elective county officers, [63]
Orange County, N. Y., (County “A”), irregularities of officers of, [70]-[71]
Ordinance of 1787, county officers under, appointive, [28]
Oregon, establishment of counties in, [22];
county local option in, [150];
proposal for county manager in, [178];
county libraries in, [199]

Parks, county system in Essex County, N. J., [163]
Party, organization, importance of county as unit of, [55];
baneful effects upon county administration, [191]
Payments, frequency of illegal, [188]
Pennsylvania, commissioners in, [19];
party organization in, [55];
care of dependent children in, [86]-[87];
treatment of insane in, [88]-[89];
state constabulary in, [140]
Pennybacker, J. E., on highways, [140] et seq.
Philadelphia, classification as an urban county, [154]
Personnel, importance and limitations of, as factor in good government, [67];
administrative, [191];
see [Civil service]
Police, proposed as county function in Alameda County, Cal., [160];
see [Constabulary]
Police functions, county officers unable to perform, in complex communities, [58]
Political boss, origin of, in county government, [47]-[48]
Polk County, Iowa, awarding of bridge contracts in, [100]
Poor, care of, entrusted to county governments, [14]-[15];
former treatment and present scientific handling of, [82];
superintendents of, in N. Y. State, powers of, [85];
overseers of, in N. Y. State, commitments by, [85];
importance of records concerning, [190];
administration of laws dealing with, [200];
see [Missouri], [N. Y. State], [Pennsylvania]
Poverty, prevention of, [201]
Press (county), small circulation, lack of independence, [54];
need for improving, [194]
Prison Association, in New York State, secretary of, quoted, [91]
Prisoners, classification of, [83], [84];
jurisdiction of county over, [90];
classification of, systematically violated, [91];
transfer of certain classes of, to state institutions advocated, [136]-[137]
Probation, importance of records concerning, [190]
Professional politicians, great opportunity of, in obscurity of county government, [47]
Prosecutor, appointment of, advocated, [135];
see [District attorney]
Public defender, the, [199]-[200]
Public Efficiency Society, work of, in Cook County, Ill., [7]
Publicity, importance in county affairs of, [182]
Purchasing, duplication of systems in Milwaukee, [62];
significance of better methods of, [181];
agent, [189];
consolidation of local agencies for, [190], [200], [201]

Qualifications (legal) of county officers, lack of, [50]
Quick, Herbert, on county government in Iowa, [76]-[77];
characterization of county government by, [194]

Race track legislation, enforcement of, by local county officers, [106]-[107]
Readjustments of county system, [129]-[144]
Recall, provisions in Los Angeles County charter concerning, [240]-[244]
Reconstruction, of county government, [168]-[180];
formula for, [169]
Recorder, appointive, [172]
Records, usual lack of, in road management by counties, [98];
in Westchester County almshouse, [200]-[201]
Reporting, importance of uniform, [121]
Responsibility, lack of in organization of judiciary, [131];
necessity for fixing in counties, [170]-[171]
Rhode Island, origin of county in, [9];
influence of Massachusetts institutions in, [19];
sheriffs appointed by legislature in, [29];
lack of accounting law in, [123]
Roads and bridges, [94]-[103];
under Los Angeles County charter, [229]-[231]
Rochester, N. Y., proposals for city-county consolidations in, [152]
Rural politics, influence of county press on, [55]
Rural voter, civic capacity of, [44], [170]

St. Louis County (Mo.), city-county consolidation in, [153]
Salmon, Dr. Thomas W., on county almshouse care of insane, [89]
San Bernardino County, Cal., adoption and amendment of county charter in, [30], [31], [149]
San Francisco, classification as an urban county, [154];
city-county consolidation in, [158]-[159]
Saxon kingdoms, the original of English counties, [23]
Secor, Alson, on bridge lobby at Des Moines, [101]-[102]
Sectionalism, stimulated by governmental organization in some states, [97]
Selectmen, functions in colonial Virginia, [16];
functions of, in New England, [27]
Sheriff, maladministration of, in a central N. Y. county, [4];
historical origin of, [11];
court duties of, [12];
duties of, in Virginia, [17];
elective officer in Pennsylvania since 1726, [28];
in New Jersey after Revolution, [28];
falsity of theory underlying his election, [32];
large fees of, in New York County, [51];
appointing power restricted in New Jersey, [52];
relation to deputies according to N. Y. courts, [52]-[53];
principal police agency in early local governments, [58];
conflict with other police agencies, [60], [61];
limitations as jail keeper, [90];
as enforcer of state laws in N. Y. State, [107];
imperfectly controlled by county judge, [130];
functions as court officer discussed, [132];
suggestion that governor appoint, [133];
inability of, in dealing with crime, [139];
encroachment upon functions of, by Department of Correction in N. Y. City, [157];
appointive method of selection of, proposed, [171];
importance of records of, [190];
see [Rhode Island]
Short ballot, the basic principle of county reconstruction, [169]-[170];
meaning of, [181]
Solicitor, see [District Attorney]
South, development of county in, [9];
the insane in county almshouses of, [87]
South Carolina, influence of Virginia precedents on, [19];
lack of accounting law in, [123];
appointive judiciary in, [131]
Southwest, importance of county as unit of local government in, [22]
Special legislation, testimony of county officer concerning, in N. Y. constitutional convention, [4]
State constitutions, provisions of, concerning counties, [112]
—— control in taxation, [126]
—— examiners in Ohio, [121]
—— government, stiffening hold on highway matters, [95];
influence in county affairs, [112]-[119]
—— legislatures, power over counties, [112]
—— party organization, built upon county units, [55]
—— supervision of accounts recommended, [185]
State’s attorney, see [District Attorney]
Suffolk County, Mass., see [Boston]
Suffolk County, N. Y., work of Taxpayers Assn. in, [7]
Superintendent of the poor, appointive method of selection proposed, [171]
Supervisor (town), functions of, in N. Y., [27];
elective officers in N. Y. since 1691, [28];
in Hudson County, N. J., [40];
influence in road affairs, [97];
see [Board of supervisors], [Essex County] and [Hudson County], N. J.
Surrogate, jurisdiction of, in probate matters, [130]
Surveyor, appointive, [172];
see [County surveyor]
System (of government), importance of, as contrasted with personnel, [66], [74], [78]

Tammany Hall, its influence exercised through control of county offices, [55]
Tax administration, inappropriateness of town as unit for, [144];
dual system of, in California, [160]
—— collector, appointive, [172]
—— laws, nullification of, by local officers, [108]
Taylor, Graham, on humanitarian functions of county, [80]-[81]
Tehama County (Cal.), charter of, [149]
Telephone, effect on rural life and government, [24]
Tennessee, influence of early Virginia precedents on county government, [20];
county officers of, made appointive, [28];
uniform accounting law in, [122]
Texas, American county system established in, [22];
lack of accounting law in, [123];
county local option in, [150]
Town, dominant idea in local government of New England, [17];
relation of county to, in New England, [143];
inappropriateness of, for performance of certain functions, [143]-[144]
Township officers in Los Angeles County charter, [225]-[227]
Treasurer, elective in Massachusetts, [27];
appointive, [172];
see [county treasurer]
Tuberculosis, effect upon general public health movement of fight against, [195]
Turnpike companies, as road builders and operators, [94]

Uniformity in county legislation, [112] et seq.
Urban communities, growth of, [57]
Urban counties, [57]-[65]
Utah, establishment of counties in, [22];
lack of accounting law in, [123]

Vermont, lack of accounting law in, [123]
Virginia, origin of counties of, [16];
constitutional convention, discussion concerning local government in, [29];
reaction against appointive system of, [29];
lack of accounting law in, [123];
highway progress in, [142];
independent cities of, [153]

Westchester County, work of Research Bureau, [7];
patronage in political advertising, [53]-[54];
recommendations of official commission in, for county home rule, [148];
auditing practices in, [184];
discrepancies between estimates, etc., for poor relief in, [184];
see [County planning], [V. Everit Macy]
Westchester County Chamber of Commerce, its activities in county planning, [197];
in activities for better county government, [204]
Westchester County Research Bureau, statement concerning budget making, [186]-[187]
Western Reserve, New England influences in, [20], [104]
West Virginia, uniform accounting law in, [122]
Wisconsin, compromise plan of county government, township system in, [21];
spoils system in, [52];
provisions for county graduate nurse in, [196];
county libraries in, [199]
Wyoming, auditing system in, [122];
county libraries in, [199]