FOOTNOTES:
[1] Darwin, Descent of Man (2nd ed.), p. 159, note 23.
[2] The power of magnification of a lens is the ratio of its focal distance to 10 inches. Thus a lens of 1 inch focus (or focal distance) magnifies 10 times (written × 10, or ten diameters); one of ½ in. focal distance, 20 times, and so on.
[3] A Popular Handbook to the Microscope, p. 39.
[4] Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club, v. 148.
[5] Ponds and Rock Pools, p. 17.
[6] Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, iv. 158.
[7] ‘Dytiscus’ is written of set purpose. It is not, as some people tell us, a miswriting for Dyticus; but a properly formed diminutive, from the Greek dutēs = a diver; like paidiskos = a little boy. Linnaeus consistently calls the genus Dytiscus from 1735 onwards. Dyticus only dates from Geoffroy’s Histoire Abrégée des Insectes, first published anonymously in 1762. On this question of nomenclature I am glad to have the support of the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S., who, in answer to my inquiries, kindly wrote, ‘Darwin uses “Dytiscus” in the Origin of Species, and I should decidedly recommend its being upheld.’
[8] April 4, 1896.
[9] Popular History of the Aquarium, p. 258.
[10] May 2, 1896.
[11] International Science Series, No. lxv.
[12] Aquatic Insects, pp. 55, 56.
[13] Zeitschrift f. wiss. Zoologie, Bd. xl. S. 481.
[14] Mémoires du Muséum d’histoire naturelle, xviii. 454 sqq.
[15] I have purposely given Blatta as the generic name, rather than Stilopyga, which should properly be used, as the former is only employed in very recent literature.
[16] Miall and Denny, The Cockroach, p. 20.
[17] Cambridge Natural History, v. 231.
[18] The Senses of Animals, p. 44.
[19] Cambridge Nat. Hist. v. 223.
[20] Book of Nature, p. 94.
[21] This refers to the gizzard. Echinus was used to denote the third stomach of Ruminants (now called the manyplies), because it was thought to resemble a hedgehog rolled up.
[22] Miall and Denny, The Cockroach, p. 118 (note).
[23] Introduction to Entomology, letter xi.
[24] Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1892, p. 586.
[25] Our Household Insects, pp. 159–163.
[26] Kirby and Spence, Introd. to Entomology, ed. 1870, p. 484.
[27] Cambridge Natural History, v. 318.
[28] The Senses of Animals, p. 75.
[29] J. Arthur Thomson, Outlines of Zoology, p. 288.
[30] Science for All, ii. 178.
[31] British Spiders, p. 10.
[32] British Spiders, p. 359.
[33] Naturalist in La Plata, p. 188.
[34] Mémoires, vii. p. 304 sqq.
[35] Book of Nature, pp. 101, 102.
[36] Mémoires, vii. 144, 145.
[37] The specimen was kindly identified for me, by Dr. Trouessart of Paris, as a nymph of Hydrachna globula (Dugès), and has been deposited in the British Museum (Natural History).
[38] Mémoires, vii. 123–128.
[39] Cambridge Natural History, vol. v. ch. ii.
[40] Nature, Dec. 12, 1895.
[41] Mémoires, vii. 569.
[42] Crustacea, p. 7.
[43] Crustacea, p. 225.
[44] International Science Series, No. lxxv.
[45] ‘A limb is chelate when it has joints that will act together like a pair of tongs. Generally this character is produced by the hinging of the seventh joint a considerable way down on the side of the sixth. When the seventh joint, or finger, can be folded back upon the sixth, although the latter is not produced into any thumb-like process to oppose it, the limb is then said to be sub-chelate, the claw being in that case partial, though often extremely efficient.’ Stebbing, Crustacea (International Science Series, lxxiv), p. 45.
[46] Popular History of the Aquarium, p. 223.
[47] Lubbock, Senses of Animals (International Science Series, lxv.), p. 93.
[48] Aquarium (ed. 1856), pp. 41, 42.
[49] Crustacea (International Science Series, lxxiv), pp. 8, 9.
[50] Bate and Westwood, British Sessile-eyed Crustacea, i. 8.
[51] Trans. Connecticut Academy (1882), iv. 274, 275, note.
[52] Ponds and Rock Pools, p. 118.
[53] British Sessile-eyed Crustacea, i. 21.
[54] Proceedings Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasgow, vol. i. pt. ii. n. s. pp. 130–132.
[55] British Sessile-eyed Crustacea, ii. 381.
[56] Book of Nature, i. 174.
[57] Mémoires, iv. 386.
[58] Proceedings Boston Society of Natural History, xxi. 223–228.
[59] Natural History of Aquatic Insects, p. 47.
[60] Mémoires du Museum, xviii. 442, 443.
[61] Mémoires, vi. 352–55.
[62] Diptera, iii. 281.
[63] Cambridge Natural History, v. 494.
[64] Mémoires pour servir, i. 577 sqq.
[65] Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, iv. 167.
[66] W. Evans, Trans. Entomol. Soc. (London), iv. 261.
[67] Mémoires pour servir, t. vi. Plate 31.
[68] Mémoires du Muséum, t. xix. pp. 103, 104.
Transcriber’s Notes:
1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been corrected silently.
2. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have been retained as in the original.