Footnotes
[1.] Presented at the meeting of April 20th, 1910.
[2.] “Coal Mine Accidents,” by Clarence Hall and Walter O. Snelling. Bulletin No. 333, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
[3.] “The Explosibility of Coal Dust,” by George S. Rice and others. Bulletin No. * * *, U. S. Geological Survey.
[4.] “Notes on Explosives, Mine Gases and Dusts,” by Rollin Thomas Chamberlin. Bulletin No. 383, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[5.] “Prevention of Mine Explosions,” by Victor Watteyne, Carl Meissner, and Arthur Desborough. Bulletin No. 369, U. S. Geological Survey.
[6.] With a view to obtaining a dust of uniform purity and inflammability.
[7.] “The Primer of Explosives,” by C. E. Munroe and Clarence Hall. Bulletin No. 423, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[8.] “Tests of Permissible Explosives,” by Clarence Hall, W. O. Snelling, S. P. Howell, and J. J. Rutledge. Bulletin No. * * *, U. S. Geological Survey.
[9.] “Structural Materials Testing Laboratories,” by Richard L. Humphrey, Bulletin No. 329. U. S. Geological Survey, 1908; “Portland Cement Mortars and their Constituent Materials,” by Richard L. Humphrey and William Jordan, Jr., Bulletin No. 331, U. S. Geological Survey, 1908; “Strength of Concrete Beams,” by Richard L. Humphrey, Bulletin No. 344, U. S. Geological Survey, 1908.
[10.] “Fire Resistive Properties of Various Building Materials,” by Richard L. Humphrey, Bulletin No. 370, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[11.] “Purchasing Coal Under Government Specifications,” by J. S. Burrows, Bulletin No. 378, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[12.] “Experimental Work in the Chemical Laboratory,” by N. W. Lord, Bulletin No. 323, U. S. Geological Survey, 1907: “Operations of the Coal Testing Plant, St. Louis, Mo.” Professional Paper No. 48, U. S. Geological Survey, 1906.
[13.] Also Bulletins Nos. 290, 332, 334, 363, 366, 367, 373, 402, 403, and 412, U. S. Geological Survey.
[14.] “Tests of Coal for House Heating Boilers,” by D. T. Randall, Bulletin No. 336, U. S. Geological Survey, 1908.
[15.] “The Smokeless Combustion of Coal,” by D. T. Randall and H. W. Weeks, Bulletin No. 373, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[16.] “The Flow of Heat through Furnace Walls,” by W. T. Ray and H. Kreisinger. Bulletin (in press), U. S. Geological Survey.
[17.] The assumption is made that a metal tube free from scale will remain almost as cool as the water; actual measurements with thermo-couples have indicated the correctness of this assumption in the majority of cases.
[18.] “Heat Transmission into Steam Boilers,” by W. T. Ray and H. Kreisinger, Bulletin (in press), U. S. Geological Survey.
[19.] “The Producer Gas Power Plant,” by R. H. Fernald, Bulletin No. 416, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909; also Professional Paper No. 48 and Bulletins Nos. 290, 316, 332, and 416.
[20.] A Taylor up-draft pressure producer, made by R. D. Wood and Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
[21.] “Coal Testing Plant, St. Louis, Mo.,” by R. H. Fernald, Professional Paper No. 48, Vol. III, U. S. Geological Survey, 1906.
[22.] A report of these tests may be found in Bulletin No. * * *, U. S. Geological Survey.
[23.] “Illuminating Gas Coals,” by A. H. White and Perry Barker, U. S. Geological Survey.
[24.] “Gasoline and Alcohol Tests,” by R. M. Strong, Bulletin No. 392, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[25.] “Washing and Coking Tests,” by Richard Moldenke, A. W. Belden and G. R. Delamater, Bulletin No. 336, U. S. Geological Survey, 1908; also, “Washing and Coking Tests at Denver, Colo.,” by A. W. Belden and G. R. Delamater, Bulletin No. 368, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[26.] U. S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper No. 48, Pt. III, and Bulletins Nos. 290, 332, 336, 368, 385, and 403.
[27.] Professional Paper No. 48, and Bulletins Nos. 290, 316, 332, 343, 363, 366, 385, 402, 403, and 412, U. S. Geological Survey.
[28.] “Peat Deposits of Maine,” by E. D. Bastin and C. A. Davis. Bulletin No. 376, U. S. Geological Survey, 1909.
[29.] U. S. Geological Survey, Pittsburg, Pa.
[30.] Chief Explosives Chemist, U. S. Geological Survey.
[31.] Lieutenant-Colonel, Ordnance Dept., U. S. A.
[Fractions (Expanded)]
Gas and Dust Gallery No. 1.—Gallery No. 1 is cylindrical in form, 100 ft. long, and has a minimum internal diameter of 6 1/3 ft. It consists of fifteen similar sections, each 6 2/3 ft. long and built up in in-and-out courses. The first three sections, those nearest the concrete head, are of 1/2-in. boiler-plate steel, the remaining twelve sections are of 3/8-in. boiler-plate steel, and have a tensile strength of, at least, 55,000 lb. per sq. in....
...The beam, from which the mortar is suspended, rests on concrete walls, 51 by 120 in. at the base and 139 in. high. On top of each wall is a 1-in. base-plate, 7 by 48 in., anchored to the wall by 5/8-in. bolts, 28 in. long....
This apparatus is in the southeast corner of Building No. 17. The cylinder is 31 1/2 in. long, 19 1/4 in. in diameter, and is anchored to a solid concrete footing at a convenient height for handling. The explosion chamber is 19 in. long and 7 7/8 in. in diameter, with a capacity of exactly 15 liters....
The inner receiver is made of 1/16-in. sheet copper, 30 7/8 in. deep, and with an inner diameter of 17 7/8 in. It is nickel-plated, and strengthened on the outside with bands of copper wire, and its capacity is about 70 liters....
...In the front of the box are two plate-glass observing windows, 2 5/8 by 5 1/2 in. In the side of the box, between the two windows, is a 3/8-in. hole, which can be closed by a tap-screw, through which samples for chemical analysis are drawn.
There is some variety in the cupboards and tables provided in the various laboratories, but, in general, they follow the design shown in [Fig. 13]. The table tops, 12 ft. long, are of clear maple in full-length pieces, 7/8 in. thick and 2 5/8 in. wide, laid on edge and drilled at 18-in. intervals for bolts. These pieces are glued and drawn together by the bolts, the heads of which are countersunk. The tops, planed off, sanded, and rounded, are supported on pipe legs and frames of 1 1/4 by 1 1/2-in. galvanized-iron pipe with screw flanges fitting to the floor and top. Under the tops are drawers and above them re-agent shelves. Halfway between the table top and the floor is a wire shelf of a frame-work of No. 2 wire interlaced with No. 12 weave of 5/8-in. square mesh.
...The fineness of the coals put through the hammer crusher varies somewhat, but the average, taken from a large number of samples, is as follows: Through 1/8-in. mesh, 100%; over 10-mesh, 31.43%; over 20-mesh, 24.29%; over 40-mesh, 22.86%; over 60-mesh, 10 per cent....