3. ARMS AND ACCOUTREMENTS

Accoutrements: French accoutrement; accoutread, to, and coutre, from Latin custos, keeper.

Ammunition: store for defence. Latin ad-munition-emmunire, fortify, defend.

Arms: French armes; Latin arma.

Arsenal: arx navalis, naval citadel, or from an Arabic word.

Ball: French balle; Old German bal, from a Teutonic root found in bulge, bole.

Bayonet: French baïonnette, from Bayonne, where first made.

Belt: Anglo-Saxon belt; Irish balt—from which Latin balteus, a belt, probably derived.

Bullet: French boulet, a little ball—boule, a ball; Latin bulla, a knob.

Cannon: i.e. the gun-barrel; Latin canna, a hollow cane.

Carbine: see Carbineers.

Carriage: Old French charrier, or carier, to carry. [See [Cart].]

Cart: dim. of car; French charette; Old French carete; Low Latin caretacarrus, a car.

Cartridge: corruption of cartrage; French cartouche, a charge wrapped up in a cornet of paper; Latin carta, paper.

Cuirass: see [Cuirassiers].

Equip: Old French esquiper, to equip; Norse skipa, to arrange, shape.

Gun: Old English gonne; Welsh gwn; Gaelic gunna. Derivation unknown, perhaps from Old French mangonel; dim. of Latin mangonum, Greek mangonon, a war machine.

Halberd or Halbard: a long-handled weapon; helve or handle; barde, axe.

Haversack (used in 18th cent.): from German haver-sack, sack for oats.

Helmet: Anglo-Saxon helm; Teutonic root hal or kal, to cover.

Howitzer: German hautbitze (so written by Gen. Wolfe about 1750), older hauffnitz, from haufnice, a sling. A Czech word of time of the Hussites (15th cent.).

Magazine: storehouse. Spanish magacen; Arabic makhzan, storehouse.

Matross: old word for a gunner. German matrose; Latin matarius, a man who uses a mat or hammock.

Mortar: called from resemblance to apothecary’s mortar. Old French mortier; Latin mortarium, from martulus, a hammer.

Musket: French musquet, from the Spanish, meaning a sparrow-hawk, probably from Latin musca, fly, as being the smallest of hawks. First used for the firearm, 16th cent.

Ordnance = Artillery, from the ordinance to regulate calibre and size of guns (15th cent.).

Pistol: from the city of Pistoia in Italy, where made (early 16th cent.).

Pontoon: French ponton; Italian pontone, a great bridge; Latin pont-em, bridge.

Pouch: Old French pouchepoche, pocket; Celtic poca, a bag.

Shell: Anglo-Saxon scell, a thin covering; Teutonic root skal, to separate, peel off; a hollow ball.

Shrapnel: a shell with balls inside, invented by General Shrapnel, British Army (early 19th cent.).