The Tariff in Our Times

by Ida M. Tarbell

INDEX

• Agriculture, [203].
• Aldrich, Nelson W.:
  • ability of, [111], [112].
  • influence of, [168], [169].
  • protection policy of, [170].
  • position of, with regard to McKinley Bill, [199].
  • leadership of, [207].
  • and the “Interests,” [208].
  • as leader for McKinley Bill measure, [208].
  • and sugar stock speculation, [227].
  • on Dingley Bill, [244].
  • and sugar trust, [245].
  • and wood interests, [251].
  • report on wool schedule of, [308].
  • and cotton manufacturers, [319], [320].
  • relation of, with Lippitt, [320], [321], [322].
  • loyalty of, to wool schedule, [325].
  • traffic in duties of, [326].
  • threats of, [355].
  • political methods of, [363].
• Alliance of wool and cotton, [325], [326].
• Allison, Wm. B., [36], [51], [53], [63].
  • debate of, on Schenck Bill, [67], [68].
  • and wool tariff, [115].
  • chairman of sub-committee, [165].
  • position on tariff of, [166].
  • preparation of bill of, [166].
  • report of bill to Senate, [168].
  • and tin plate, [192].
• Allison Bill:
  • discussion of, [168]–172.
  • passed by Senate, [181].
  • goes to Ways and Means Committee, [184].
• Ambler, Judge Jacob A., [102].
• American Cotton and Wool Reporter, [303].
• American industries in Canada, [294].
• American Ironmaster, [96].
• American Thread Trust Co., [263].
• American Tin Plate Association:
  • questionable methods of, [192].
• American Woollen Co., [354].
  • product of, [354].
  • capital of, [354].
• “American working-man,” [336].
• Amnesty, [75].
• Anti-trust Bill, [200], [201].
• Arkwright Club, [316].
  • attempts union with European manufacturers, [356].
• Arthur, President:
  • appoints commission, [101].
  • message to Congress, of, [109].
  • as protectionist, [110].
  • and Dorsey, [176].
• Attack on Whitman, [303], [304], [305].
• Attorney-General, [44].
• Average earnings, [259].
• Baird, Henry C., [106].
• Barbour, Wm., [268].
• Basket willows, [298].
• Bayard, [127].
• Beck, James B.:
  • character of, [112].
  • filibustering of, [117].
  • insubordination of, [118].
  • as member of tariff conference, [127].
• Beef Trust:
  • benefited by duty on hides, [267].
  • strength of, [275].
  • effect of Dingley Bill on, [276].
• “Belshazzar’s Feast,” [176], [177].
• Bennett, Frank P., [13].
  • and Whitman, [303], [304], [305], [306].
• Bingham, Judge, [40], [44].
• Blaine, James G., [11], [19].
  • speaker of Congress, [54].
  • and tariff reformers, [70].
  • slipperiness of, [96].
  • republican candidate, [140].
  • and Industrial League, [174].
  • and “monopoly” dinner, [177].
  • suggestions of, regarding surplus, [188].
  • and the trusts, [200].
  • and foreign trade, [203], [204].
  • and “Hell Gate,” [210].
• Bleakie, Robert:
  • personal experience of, [286].
• Bombay, [91].
• Book-making, [30].
• Boteler, Alexander R., [102].
• Brandeis:
  • appears for consumers, [258].
• Brice, [221], [222], [223].
• Brinkerhoff, Gen. R.:
  • resolution of, in Republican platform, [54].
  • and Greeley and Carey, [55].
  • lecture campaign of, [70].
  • recollections of, [71], [72].
  • and Democrats, [83].
• Bristow, [309].
• Brooklyn Gas Light Co., [23].
• Bryan, Wm. J., [241].
• Budget:
  • of one family of four, [265].
  • of one woman, [265], [266].
• Business depression, [143].
• Business embarrassments, [32].
• Butler, Ben:
  • compromise plank of, [139].
• Cameron, Senior, [65].
• Campaign of 1884:
  • scandal of, [177].
• Campaign of 1888, [175], [176], [177], [178], [179].
• Canada, [2], [24].
  • American industries in, [294].
• Cannon, Joseph, [197].
• Carlisle, John G.:
  • on House Committee, [113].
  • principles of, [118], [119].
  • candidate for speakership, [133].
  • ability of, [134], [135].
  • early life of, [134].
  • elected speaker, [137].
• Carlisle and Randall factions, [141], [142].
• Carnegie:
  • as illustration, [172].
  • testimony of, [298], [299].
• Cary, Henry C., II.
  • as high tariff champion, [56].
  • as author, [56].
  • intolerance of, [56], [57].
• Census of 1880, [98], [99].
• Chandler, Zach, [22].
  • fights for copper bill, [46].
• Chase:
  • attitude on tariff, [6].
  • as free-trader, [9].
  • Secretary of Treasury, [10].
  • arranges amendments to Morrill Bill, [10].
• Chicago Tribune, [55].
• Child labor, [343].
• Cincinnati Gazette, [55].
• Civil War:
  • changes wrought by, [28].
• Clarke Mile End Spool Cotton Co., [263].
• Clay, Henry, [2], [17].
• Cleveland, Grover:
  • record of, [140].
  • reminiscences regarding, [141].
  • caution of, [141].
  • and tariff revision, [142].
  • second message of, [144].
  • message of 1887, [147]–153.
  • effect of message on Republicans, [154].
  • popular vote for, [179].
  • warning of, [200].
  • position of, on tariff, [213].
  • inauguration of, [216].
  • letter of, on Wilson Bill, [231]–233.
  • and Gorman, [234].
  • and Gorman Bill, [236].
  • and panic of 1893, [238].
• Cloth analyses, [289], [290].
• Coal duties, [34], [35].
• Coats, Archibald, [264].
• Coats, J. & P., [263], [264].
• Cobden, Richard:
  • death of, [56].
• Compact of 1867, [249], [250], [303].
• Congress, [145], [299].
• Congressional investigation, [41].
• Conkling, Roscoe, [122].
• Conscience Whigs, [3].
• Cooper, Peter, [86].
• Copper Bill of 1868:
  • reasons for, [44], [45].
  • and Chandler, [43], [46].
  • and President Johnson, [47]–50.
  • passed over veto, [50].
  • lesson from, [50], [51].
• Corn Products Co., [277].
• Corn Products and Standard Oil:
  • associated, [277], [278].
• Cost of living, [22].
• Cotton:
  • as substitute, [283], [288].
  • exportation of woven cotton, [315].
  • importations of woven cotton, [314], [315], [322], [333].
  • investments in manufactories, [314].
  • strength of manufacturers, [324], [325].
  • conditions in making of cloth, [341]–344.
• Cotton schedule, [313], [314], [316], [317], [318].
• Cox, S. S.:
  • as free-trader, [63].
  • as debater, [65].
  • sobriquet of, [66].
  • and Wood Bill, [88].
  • on exaggeration, [73].
  • on tariff, [77], [78].
• Crisp, Charles F., [212].
• Curiosibhoy, Adhersey, public letters to Greeley of, [91], [92].
• Custom houses, [25].
• Customs Administrative Bill, [187].
• Dale, Samuel S., [289], [291].
• Dawes:
  • appointed Chairman of Ways and Means, [73].
• Dawes Bill:
  • debate on, [76], [77], [78].
  • reasonableness of, [76].
  • signed by Grant, [78].
  • features of, [78], [79].
• Delano, Columbus, [113].
• Democrats:
  • position on tariff, [83].
  • 1880 tariff plank of, [94].
  • get majority in Congress, [110].
  • division among, [118].
  • tactics of, [119].
  • raise Constitutional question, [126].
  • gloating of, [122].
  • cry of excessive taxation, [178].
  • disadvantages of, [179].
  • split among, [180].
  • continue tariff agitation, [212], [213].
  • reverses of, [237].
  • inspiration of, [210].
• Deterioration in clothing, [283], [284], [285].
• Difference in home and foreign prices, [292], [293].
• Dingley, Nelson:
  • Chairman of Ways and Means Committee, [239].
  • ability of, [239], [240].
• Dingley Bill:
  • House passes, [240].
  • fate of, in Senate, [244].
  • compared with Wilson and McKinley Bills, [242], [243], [244].
  • changes made by Senate in, [244], [245].
  • influence of wool interests on, [251].
  • amendments to, [251].
  • passage of, [252].
  • effect of, [254], [255], [265], [267], [276], [277], [278].
  • practice developed by, [292].
  • makes burdens heavier yearly, [295].
• Direct tax, [26].
• Doctrine of protection:
  • final case against, [358], [359], [360].
  • kind of man encouraged by, [360], [361].
• Dolliver:
  • Schedule K falls to, [309].
  • McKinley follows, [309].
  • member of Dingley Ways and Means, [310].
  • masters wool schedule, [311].
  • shows schedule K a law without morals, [311].
  • analyzes cotton schedule, [320], [324].
  • expresses revolt, [356], [357].
• Dorsey, Stephen W., [176].
• Douglas, W. L., [267].
• Dunbar Co., [268].
• Eaton, Senator, [100].
• Elder, Cyrus, [86].
• Elliot, E. B., [159].
• England, [7].
  • anger over increased duties, [13].
  • feeling against, [22].
• English Serving Cotton Trust, [263].
• Evils of Tariff, [327].
• “Experts,” [321], [322].
• Factory employers:
  • life of, [342], [343], [344], [345], [346].
• Factory owners:
  • greed of, [346], [347], [348].
• Farmers:
  • relation of, to import duties, [201], [202].
  • protest of, [312].
• Federal Commission report, [116].
• Fessenden, Wm. Pitt:
  • description of, [20], [21].
  • and tariff on spices, [24], [25].
  • favors moderate protection, [39].
  • absent when wool bill is voted upon, [43].
• File trust, [334].
• Financial uneasiness, [145], [146].
• Finkelnburg, [69].
  • speaks for tariff bill, [76].
• Finlaysons, [268].
• Flax, [267], [268].
• Ford, Worthington, [159].
• Forward, Walter, [17].
• Foster, James P., [177]
• France, [7].
• Fraud, [24], [25].
• Free Poker and taxed Gospel, [156].
• Free Trade, [6], [7].
• Free Trade League, [55].
• Garfield, James A., [53].
  • Blaine’s treatment of, [70], [71], [72], [73].
  • position on tariff, of, [94], [95], [96].
  • caution of, [97].
• Garland, Austin M., [101], [113].
• Glucose Trust, [277].
• Gold Democrats, [241].
• Golden Rule, [300], [301].
• Gorman, [221].
• Gorman Bill, [235], [236].
• Grant, President:
  • hope of people, [52], [53].
  • advises postponement of tariff question, [53].
  • against Reciprocity treaty, [53].
  • dissatisfaction with, [73], [79].
• Great Debate, [159]–164.
• Greeley, Horace, [13].
  • as protectionist, [16], [17].
  • extremist, [55].
  • heads movement in favor of general amnesty, [73].
  • nomination of, [74].
  • character of, [75].
• Grosvenor, Col. Wm. M., [69].
• Hale, Eugene, [71].
• Halstead, Murat, [83].
• Hamilton, Alexander, [1].
• Hancock, Gen. W. S., [97], [98].
• Hanna, Mark, [241].
• Harper’s Weekly, [17].
• Harpster, David, [113].
• Harrison, recommendations of, [184], [185].
• Haskell, Dudley C.:
  • and Kelley, [112].
  • description of, [120], [121].
  • trouble with Townshend, [123].
  • resolution of, [127].
  • death of, [185].
• Hayes, John L., [41], [42].
  • as chairman of tariff commission, [101].
  • campaign of, for wool interests, [113].
• “Hearings,” [297]–299.
• Hewitt, Abram S.:
  • before tariff commission, [105].
  • compromise plank of, [139].
• Hides:
  • proposed duty on, [204].
• High protection, result of, [349].
• High protectionists, [120].
• High tariff, [62], [135], [136].
• Hill, David J., [222].
• Hill, James J., [293].
• Holt, Byron W., [293].
• Immigration, [254], [255].
• Immorality of tariff system, [357], [358], [359], [360], [363], [364].
• Imperialism, [252].
• Income tax, [220], [221].
  • declared unconstitutional, [240].
• Increased cost of living, [350], [351].
• Industrial commission, [292].
• Industrial League of Pa.:
  • object of, [86].
  • first president of, [86].
  • methods of, [86], [87].
  • power of, [86], [87].
  • recognized by Blaine, [87].
  • opposes Parsee, [92].
  • campaign of, [100].
  • demands tariff commission, [100].
  • incensed, [92].
• Infant industries, [298].
• Insurgents, [308].
  • reasons for revolt of, [309].
  • determinations of, [309].
• “Interests,” [7].
  • leaders alarmed, [75].
  • fight reasonable bill, [76], [77].
  • barter of, [117].
  • continue pressure, [122].
  • unite own schedules, [193].
  • campaign, [241].
  • frustrated, [241].
  • oppose reciprocity, [256], [257].
  • narrowness of, [257].
• Internal Revenue:
  • inequalities of, [12].
  • remonstrance against, [13].
• Internal revenue bill, [110].
• International Harvester Co., [294], [295].
• Investigations in budgets of poor, [260].
• Iron and Steel Association:
  • as dictator, [173], [174].
  • recognized by Blaine, [174].
  • energy and efficiency of, [174].
  • defeats Morrison, [174].
  • demands Quay head of Republican Committee, [175].
• Jarrett, John, [174].
• Jobbery, [7].
• Johnson, Tom L., [213].
• Johnson, President:
  • opposes Stevens, [44].
  • unhappiness of, [46], [47].
  • message regarding copper bill, [47], [48], [49], [50].
• Jones, B. F., [174].
• Kansas, [21].
• Kasson, John A.:
  • service of, [36], [37], [38].
  • a supporter of Kelley, [112].
  • proposes revision of House Rules, [124].
  • appointed special plenipotentiary, [255].
  • resigns, [257].
• Keifer, Speaker, [127].
• Kelley, Wm. D. (“Pig Iron”):
  • favors highest protection, [35].
  • as protectionist leader, [63], [64].
  • dislike of Wells and Sumner, [64].
  • defends high tariff, [65].
  • accused of iron interests, [65].
  • and Cox, [66].
  • and Wood Bill, [88], [89], [90].
  • as chairman of House Committee, [112].
  • and Haskell, [120].
  • and Kasson rule, [124].
  • last illness of, [185].
  • pernicious teaching of, [362].
• Kenner, Duncan F., [101].
• Labor troubles, [216], [217].
• Lawrence, Wm., [113], [246], [247].
• Lea, Henry C., [86].
• Legislation by violence, [228], [229].
• Liberal Party, [69].
• Lincoln, Abraham:
  • attitude on tariff, [6], [7].
  • calls extra session, [9].
  • asks for more men and more money, [18].
  • tariff views of, [18], [19], [20].
• Lippitt, Henry F., [315], [316], [321].
• Lobbyists, [113], [114], [118], [122].
• Lodge, Henry Cabot, [237], [323], [350], [351].
• Logan, Senator, [78].
• London Times, [8].
• Longworth, Nicholas, [283].
• Louisville Courier-Journal, [81].
• Lumber, duties on, [115].
  • danger of exhausting, [115], [116].
  • arguments for duty, [116].
• Lumber barons, [116].
• McAdoo, Col., [141].
• MacColl, J. R., [316].
• McDill, [127].
• McKay sewing machine, [271].
• McKenzie, James, [93].
• McKinley, Wm.:
  • protection speech of, [88].
  • supports Kelley, [112].
  • argues with suit of clothes, [162].
  • succeeds Haskell, [185].
  • amiability of, [186].
  • introduces Customs Administrative Bill, [187].
  • as presidential candidate, [241].
• McKinley Bill:
  • foundation for, [188].
  • points of, [191], [193], [198], [199], [208], [209].
  • effect of, [210], [211].
  • failure of, [216].
  • as compared with Wilson Bill, [238], [239].
• McMahon, Wm. H., [102].
• McMillan, [184].
• McPherson, [227].
• Mahone, [117], [127].
• Mallary, Rollin C., [17].
• Manhattan Gas Co., [23].
• Manufacturers, unreasonableness of, [32], [33].
• Marble, Manton, [137].
• Marshals, [268].
• Meriden Britannia Co., [293].
• Mills, Roger Q., [83], [85].
  • chairman of Ways and Means, [155].
  • principles of, [156], [157].
  • chief hobby of, [158].
  • prepares bill, [158], [159].
  • argues from Wright’s report, [160], [161].
  • analyzes cost of suit, [162], [163].
  • opposes conference, [183], [184].
  • opposes bounty for sugar-growers, [197].
  • on McKinley Bill, [209].
  • candidate for House Speakership, [211].
  • refuses to serve on Ways and Means, [212].
  • position of, [213].
  • advises duty on sugar, [224].
• Mills Bill, [158], [159], [164], [170].
• Minnesota, [21].
• Missouri Compromise, [4].
• Missouri Liberal Republicans, [73], [74].
• Moderate protectionists, [36], [37], [38], [39].
• Moir, Edward, [301].
• Monopolies, [352].
• Montgomery, [8].
• Moore, Joseph S., [90], [91], [92].
• Morrell, Hon. Daniel J., [86].
• Morrill, Justin S.:
  • character of, [3].
  • theory of, [4].
  • apologizes for bill of 1866, [34].
  • advises acceptance of Wells’s amendment, [39].
  • absent when wool bill is voted upon, [43].
  • votes for copper bill, [46].
  • debates on tariff, [68].
  • opposes quinine bill, [93].
  • head of the Senate committee, [110], [111].
  • reports on free silver, [240].
  • Bill of 1860, [5]–11.
  • Bill of 1866, [34], [37], [38].
• Morrison, Col. W. R., [83].
  • on House Committee, [113].
  • selected to prepare tariff bill, [137].
  • cleverness of bill, [138].
  • provisions of bill of, [138].
  • defeated for Congress, [155].
• Mountain ivy root, [298].
• Mugwumps:
  • return of, [180].
• National Association of Clothiers, [283].
• National Association of Wool Manufacturers, [41].
  • political strength of, [193].
  • claims of, [194].
  • pleads against reduction, [229].
  • supports wool duty, [247].
  • demands of, [249].
  • greed of, [250].
  • success of, [251].
  • makes compact, [301].
  • agreement with wool-growers of, [41].
• National Treasury, [6], [10].
• Newcomb, Simon, [159].
• N. E. Shoe and Leather Association, [273], [275].
• Newspapers:
  • Taxes on, [13], [14].
  • oppose copper legislation, [51].
• New York Custom House, [91].
• N. Y. Evening Post, [13].
• New York Gas Light, [23].
• N. Y. Herald, [13].
• N. Y. Tribune, [13], [16], [17].
• Niedringhaus, F. G., [192], [193].
• Niles, Hezekiah, [17].
• North, S. D. N.:
  • position of, [251].
  • accused, [304].
  • denials of, [304], [305].
  • summoned by Finance Committee, [306].
  • corresponds with Whitman, [306].
• Oliver, Henry W., Jr., [101], [122].
• Organization, value of, [132].
• Overproduction, [31].
• Panics, [3], [79], [217].
• Parsee, [137].
• Payne:
  • reports wool schedule, [307].
  • tricked, [318], [319].
• Payne-Aldrich Bill:
  • criminality of methods in, [299].
  • removes duty on hides, [277].
  • lowers duty on thread, [277].
  • becomes law, [327].
  • reception given, [327].
• Pennsylvania, [6], [362].
• Pensions, [189].
• Perry:
  • lecturer and author, [55].
  • reminiscences regarding Cleveland, of, [141].
• Philadelphia, [23].
• Phillips, Thomas W., [292].
• Pierce, Henry L., [4].
• Pig-iron, [60], [61].
• Pike, F. A., [36], [50].
• Pittsburg, [360].
• Pittsburg Commercial, [55].
• Pittsburg Survey, [360].
• Politico-industrial alliance, [207].
• Pomeroy, Senator, [22].
• Pope, Col. A. A., [104].
• Porter, R. P., [102], [106].
• Portland Advertiser, [55].
• Prentice, George D., [82].
• Prosperity, [252], [253], [254].
• Protection, [1], [4], [5], [6].
  • faults of, [24], [51], [52].
  • opposition to, [54].
  • doctrine saved, [68].
  • effects of, [98], [99].
  • early reasons for, [331].
  • never to be prohibitive, [332].
• Protective steering committee, [85], [86].
• Providence, [7].
• Public opinion, [297].
• Quay:
  • record of, [175].
  • chairman National Rep. Committee, [175].
  • secures funds from Wanamaker, [175].
  • acknowledges sugar speculation, [227].
  • long speech of, [228].
• Quinine Bill:
  • introduced by McKenzie, [93].
  • passes House, [93].
  • opposed by Senator Morrill, [93].
  • passes Senate, [93].
  • effect of passage of, [93], [94].
• “Quinine Jim,” [93].
• Railroad iron, [21], [26].
• Randall, Samuel J.:
  • skill and endurance of, [83], [84].
  • on House Committee, [113].
  • principles of, [119].
  • refuses to serve on committee, [127].
  • candidate for speakership, [133].
  • opposes Morrill Bill, [139].
  • prepares bill, [144].
• Randall Bill, [144].
• Raymond, Henry, [36].
• Reciprocity, [2], [255].
  • clause in tariff of 1890, [206].
  • opposed by interests, [256], [257].
  • favored by McKinley, [257].
• Recognition of organized business man, [131], [132].
• Reed, Thomas B.:
  • as parliamentarian, [125].
  • views on tariff of, [125].
  • rule of, [126].
  • on Mills Bill, [164].
  • asks conference with House, [182].
  • as protectionist, [186], [187].
  • on Gorman Bill, [235], [236].
  • elected speaker of House, [239].
• Register, [17].
• Republicans, [67], [69].
  • dissatisfaction with party, [73], [74], [75].
  • tariff plank of 1880 of, [94].
  • attack tariff for revenue only, [97].
  • demand tariff revision, [98].
  • rebuked on policy, [110].
  • majority of, favor reform, [118].
  • platform of, [173].
  • free use of money of, [175], [176], [177].
  • carry parrots in parades, [178].
  • win election, [179].
  • heavy losses of, [210].
  • causes of overthrow of, [210].
  • platform of 1896 of, [241].
  • declare for downward revision of tariff, [296].
• Resolutions’ Committee, [139], [140].
• Revenue:
  • system for raising, [26].
  • revision of, [29].
  • bill framed by House, [110].
• Revenue cutters, [25].
• Revolt against protective system, [296].
• Rhode Island:
  • as an object-lesson, [336]–346.
  • manufactories in, [337], [338].
  • desertion of farms in, [337], [338].
  • a tariff-made state, [338].
  • foreigners of, [339].
  • restlessness of laborers in, [340].
  • housing in factory towns, [347], [348].
• Rhode Island factories:
  • temperature of, [340].
  • ventilation of, [340].
  • lint in air, [341].
  • scarcity of water in, [341].
  • lack of toilet conveniences, [341].
  • lack of dressing rooms, [342].
  • earnings in, [342].
  • unsanitary, [347].
  • without fire escapes, [347].
  • improvements in, [347].
• Rise in cost of living, [260], [261].
• Roosevelt, Theodore:
  • unstirred by tariff evils, [296].
• St. Louis Democrat, [55].
• Salt Interests, [58], [59], [60].
• Sawyer, Philetus, [116].
• Schenck, Robert C., [54], [62].
• Schenck Bill, [62], [64], [65], [67], [68].
• Schurz, Carl, [69], [75], [83].
• Schwab, [292].
• Scrapiron duties, [35].
• Seceders, [7].
• Secession, [6], [7].
• Secretary of Treasury, [29].
• Section Struggle, [39].
• Semicolon, [124].
• Senate:
  • frames revenue bill, [110].
  • passes Senate Bill, [118].
  • hearings before, [166].
  • examination of, regarding sugar stock speculation, [227].
  • make-up of Senate of 1897, [245].
  • analysis of duties of, [308].
• Settlers, [116].
• Seward, [6].
• Sherman, John, [4], [5].
  • asks Senate to raise wool duties, [39].
  • advises lobbyists, [75], [76].
  • removes Parsee from Custom House, [91].
  • arrogance of, [111].
  • fights reduction of iron, [114].
  • fights for wool, [115].
  • dissatisfaction of wool-growers with, [131].
  • “Recollections” of, [131].
  • appoints Tichenor special agent, [167].
  • introduces anti-trust measure, [201].
  • prepares for “Hell Gate,” [210].
• Ship-building, [61], [62].
• Shoddy, [248], [249].
• Shoe-making trust:
  • formation of, [270].
  • inheritance of, [271].
  • aim of, [271].
  • prepares lease, [272], [273].
  • monopoly of, [273].
• Shoes:
  • cost of, [265], [266].
  • reasons for increased cost, [266], [267].
  • royalty on, [273], [274].
• Silver Question, [216], [237], [238], [240], [241].
• Simmons, “Wood-Screw,” [7].
  • connection with new tax and tariff bills, [15].
  • secures gun contract, [15].
• Sinister phase of Hearings, [299].
• Slavery Agitation, [3], [7].
• Smoot, [323].
• Smuggling, [24], [25].
• Specie Payment, [53].
• Specific duty, [302].
• Spool cotton, [262], [263], [264].
• Spooner, [193].
• Springer, Wm., [211].
• Standard Oil Co., [278], [279], [288].
• Stand-patter, [353].
• Starch, [277], [278].
• States petition Congress, [85].
• Stevens, Thaddeus, [12].
  • description of, [14], [15].
  • as dictator, [33].
  • opposes Morrill Bill of 1866, [33], [35].
  • alarmed at struggle of sections, [39].
  • death of, [53].
  • owner of foundry, [65].
• Storey, Moorfield, [305].
• Sugar, [195], [196], [197].
• “Sugar House,” [227].
• Sugar Refineries Company, [198], [199].
• Sugar Trusts, [222]–227.
• Sumner, Charles, [4], [20], [21].
• Sumner, Wm. G., [90], [91].
• Surplus, [98].
  • oiling up of, [144].
  • methods to reduce, [188], [189].
  • reduction of, overdone, [216].
• Surprise resolution, [71].
• Swank, James W., [242].
• Taft, Wm. H., [296], [300], [313], [324].
• Tariff:
  • fifty years ago, [1].
  • to-day, [2].
  • bill of 1862, [14], [15], [16].
  • bill of 1864, [20].
  • bill of 1865, [26], [30], [31].
  • bill of 1875, [81].
  • “For Revenue only,” [82], [83].
  • Reformers, [90].
  • bill of 1883, [128], [129], [130], [131].
  • bill of 1886, [142], [143].
  • as a tax, [163], [164].
  • league, [178].
  • Act of 1890, [206].
  • Reform Committee of N. Y., [293].
  • self-defeating, [295].
  • as bargains, [363], [364].
  • a question of national morals, [357], [358].
• Tariff Commission, [100].
  • personnel of, [101], [102].
  • reception of, [102], [103].
  • hearings before, [103]–106.
  • platform of, [107].
  • inconsistencies of, [107], [108].
• Tariff Conference, [127].
• “Tariff of Abominations,” [1].
• Textile World Record, [289], [291].
• “The poor,” [258], [259].
• “Thousand-dollar breakfast,” [10], [22].
• Thread (linen):
  • advance in, [267], [269].
  • formation of trust, [268], [269].
  • duty on, [269], [270].
  • price jumps, [270].
  • Payne Bill lowers duty on, [277].
• Thread Trust, [269], [270].
• Thrift, [259].
• Tichenor, Geo. C., [166], [167], [168].
• Timber Culture Act, [116].
• Tin plate, [278], [279], [280].
• Tooke’s “History of Prices,” [95].
• Top duty, [304], [305], [306], [307].
• Townshend, [123].
• Trusts:
  • development of, [200].
  • arguments about, [351].
  • breeding of, [353], [354].
• Turner, A. R., [268].
• Umbrellas, [30], [31].
• Underwood, John W. H., [102].
• United Shoe Machinery Co. and Linen Thread Company interwoven, [274], [275].
• United States, population of, [259].
• United States Census, [304].
• United States Government, [24], [25], [27].
• United States Investor, [305].
• Vest (Senator), [221], [224].
• Vilas, [213].
• Wages:
  • government investigation regarding, [261], [262].
• Walker, Francis A., [349].
• Wanamaker:
  • contributes money for campaign, [175].
  • received seat in Cabinet, [175].
• War, [9].
  • qualities developed by, [23], [24].
  • consequences of, [27], [32].
  • taxes, [12], [13].
• Washington, [6].
• Watterson, Henry:
  • as party leader, [81].
  • dictator, [82].
  • writes tariff plank, [82], [83], [139].
  • platform-maker, [214].
  • criticises Mills Bill, [219], [220].
  • Ways and Means Committee, hearings before, [297], [298], [299].
• Wells, David A.:
  • early life of, [29].
  • head of Commission, [29].
  • prepares tariff bill, [38].
  • Carey’s hatred for, [56], [57].
  • summary of wool conditions, [57], [58].
  • reports on salt, [58], [59], [60].
  • effect of report of, [162].
  • removed from office, [69].
  • to Democrats, [83].
  • effect of dismissal of, [91].
• Wells Bill:
  • approved by Senate, [38].
  • made an amendment to House Bill, [39].
• Wentworth, Long John, [37], [38].
• West:
  • disturbed over 1864 tariff bill, [21].
  • objects to 1866 bill, [37].
  • asks protection for farmers, [37].
  • succeeds in getting high duties on farm products, [38].
• Wharton, Joseph, [86].
  • consulted by Blaine, [87].
  • tariff speech of, [96], [97].
  • before Tariff Commission, [103].
• White, Horace, [55], [83].
• Whitman:
  • Pres. National Association of Wool Growers, [194].
  • suggestions of, [194], [195].
  • calls conference, [300].
  • appears before Ways and Means, [300], [301].
  • attacked, [303].
  • denies charges, [304], [305].
  • correspondence demanded of, [305].
  • proofs regarding, [307].
  • reasons for powers of, [312], [313].
  • on increased cost of living, [350].
• Whitney, [213].
• Wholesale Saddlery Association, [276].
• Wickersham, [352].
• Wilson, James F., [36].
• Wilson, James Lyne:
  • head of Ways and Means, [217].
  • qualifications of, [217], [218].
  • presents bill, [218].
  • disappointment of, [234], [235].
• Wilson Bill:
  • provisions of, [218].
  • opposed by Mills and Watterson, [219], [220].
  • amendments, [220], [221].
  • passes House, [221].
  • Senate opposition to, [221].
  • revised, [222].
  • returned to House with 634 amendments, [230].
  • Cleveland makes protest against, [230], [231].
• Wood, Fernando:
  • appointed head of Ways and Means, [84].
  • as Mayor, [84].
  • arrogance of, [84].
  • stirred by resolution, [85].
  • tabulates objections to tariff in operation, [87].
  • brings in new bill, [87].
• Wood, William M., [312].
• Wood Bill:
  • unrest over, [84], [85].
  • brought in, [87].
  • features of, [87], [88].
  • indifference to, [88].
  • opposition to, [88], [89], [90].
  • object of, [88].
  • condemnation of, [88].
  • failure of, [90].
• Wood-screws, [7].
• Wool:
  • Interests ask higher tariff, [40].
  • scandal regarding, [41].
  • campaign of 1866, [42], [43].
  • bill of 1867 passes House, [43].
  • bill signed by Johnson, [44].
  • dissatisfaction of growers, [113].
  • growers send trinity, [113].
  • demands of trinity, [113].
  • Interests disappointed, [229], [230].
  • conditions, [245].
  • Interests muster strong vote, [248].
  • carpet wool, [248].
  • value of, [280].
  • scarcity, [281].
  • wool tops, [250].
  • adulteration of, [282].
  • amount produced in U. S., [285].
  • two classes of manufacturers, [286].
  • substitutes for, [287].
  • decrease in per capita consumption, [288].
  • comparative prices in England and America, [291], [292].
  • Interests force Congress, [299].
  • Interests hold conference, [300].
  • Compact of Interests, [301].
  • carders appear before Ways and Means, [302].
  • carpet manufacturers ask common-sense duty, [303].
  • combination of Interests, [312], [313].
  • failure of protective dogma in, [333], [334].
• Wool schedule, [284].
  • complexity of, [289].
  • difficulty of, [310], [311].
  • mastered by Dolliver, [311].
  • shown to be without principle, [311].
  • reasons for passage, [312], [313].
• Wright, Carroll D.:
  • report of, [143], [160].

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