COST OF LABOR AND MATERIAL.

The following table, taken from the report of a government inspector, will give an idea of the cost of the different materials and labor used in clearing logged-off land:

Cost of removing stumps from 1 foot to 4 feet in diameter from 120 acres of land in 1907:

MONTH. Powder,
lbs.
Fuse,
ft.
Caps,
No.
Stumps,
No.
Labor.
Hours. Dollars.
June 13,700 10,100 2,400 2,135 2,380 $650.00
July 1,750 2,050 400 239 260 87.00
August 2,750 2,700 700 445 324 114.90
September 1,950 2,160 500 383 324 126.37
October 1,250 1,000 300 237 198 77.53
November 2,350 3,100 800 378 283 114.97
Total 23,750 21,100 5,100 3,818 3,709 $1,170.77
Av. pr. Stump 6.22 5.52 1.33 0.987 0.3006
Av. Cost, cents 19.76 2.37 .87

The average cost of the removal of each stump is shown below:

Cents.
Powder49.76
Fuse2.37
Caps.87
Labor30.66
Total83.06

The average cost of the materials used was as follows: Powder, per pound, 8 cents; fuse, per 100 feet, 43 cents; caps, per 100, 65 cents.

Plate No. 31.—View of Second Avenue, Seattle, During Parade of Marines from Atlantic Fleet, May 26, 1908.

Plate No. 32.—A Corner of the Seattle Public Market. Truck Gardeners Find Ready Sale for Their Wares Here the Year Round.

There are probably two and one-third million acres of logged-off lands in the state, of which only half a million are under tillage or pasturage. The same report shows the distribution of these lands as follows:

COUNTY.Acreage merchantable timber.Acreage logged off.Acreage in cultivation.Total acreage.Per cent. suitable for agriculture.
Chehalis583,200112,74811,216807,43290
Clallam296,611195,93311,784504,32975
Clarke190,000108,66151,570350,231
Cowlitz500,00025,00020,000704,00075
Island8,01399,8669,317117,19675
Jefferson186,64759,4274,657254,38550
King640,000110,00074,8571,243,000
Kitsap45,429171,3647,978224,771
Lewis543,995160,42547,059884,05065
Mason240,211150,4307,540398,181
Pacific367,82762,72023,042453,139
Pierce413,044150,00027,915658,05275
San Juan10,00080,0004,00095,684
Skagit306,759149,92345,605502,28725
Snohomish258,005270,42220,908558,336
Thurston291,200120,00013,680428,005
Wahkiakum74,56467,3373,642145,54450
Whatcom78,405258,30235,059371,766
Total5,033,9112,352,109428,8298,700,388

There are a great many acres of these lands that can be slicked up and burned over and prepared for seeding, not disturbing the stumps, at an expense of about $10 per acre. Thus treated, good pasturage can be secured cheaply. In time some of the stumps will rot out and be easily removed. When the stumps are not too thick, the lands can be successfully prepared and planted to orchards without removing the stumps, and their unsightly appearance can be turned into a thing of beauty and great profit by planting evergreen blackberries and loganberries about them, using the stumps for trellises. These berries in the climate of western Washington are wonderfully prolific and find a greedy market.