WEST COAST OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

Schedules were sent to the forty-four lighthouses and light-vessels on the West Coast of England and Wales, and from twenty-five of them returns have been received.

The following is an enumeration of the stations, taken in order from north to south, those from which returns were furnished being marked with an asterisk:—

No. on
Map.
*119.L.V. Bahama BankJohn West.
*120.L.H. St. BeesHenry Nott.
*121.L.V. Selker D. Kneale and —— Cumming.
*122.L.V. Morecambe BayHenry Clavell.
*123.L.V. DeeS. Woek and J. Clague.
124.L.H. Air.
125.L.H. Menai.
126.L.H. Skerries.
127.L.H. Holyhead Breakwater.
*128.L.H. South StackWilliam E. Burgess.
*129.L.V. Carnarvon BayHenry Hughes.
*130.L.H. St. Tudwall'sW. Monk.
*131.L.H. Bardsey IslandThomas Bowen.
132.L.V. Cardigan Bay.
*133.L.H. South BishopA. Hills.
*134.L.H. SmallsRichard Evans.
135.L.H. Great Castle Head.
*136.L.H. MilfordGeorge Baker.
*137.L.H. CaldyWilliam Ebben.
*138.L.V. HelwickThomas Cornell.
*139.L.V. ScarweatherP. Frost.
*140.L.H. Nash (E.)Henry Nicholas.
141.L.H. Breaksea.
*142.L.H. FlatholmW. Dale.
143.L.V. English and Welsh Grounds.
*144.L.H. UskA. Russell.
145.L.H. Avon.
146.L.H. Burnham.
*147.L.H. Bull Point George Knott.
*148.L.H. Bideford BarThomas Gilpin.
149.L.H. Lundy.
150.L.H. Hartland Point.
151.L.H. Trevose Head.
*152.L.H. GodrevyRichard Trahair.
*153.L.H. LongshipsJ. W. Watson and Wm. Davies.
154.L.V. Sevenstones.
155.L.H. Wolf Rock.
156.L.H. Scilly.
*157.L.H. Bishop's RockJohn W. Froth.
158.L.H. Lizard.
159.L.H. Falmouth Harbour.
*160.L.H. EddystoneWilliam Ainger.
161.L.H. Plymouth Breakwater.
*162.L.H. Start PointWilliam Jones.

The best thanks of the Committee are due to the above-named observers for their painstaking records and valued aid; and it is an added pleasure to acknowledge assistance received from several ornithologists, including Messrs. James Andrews, of Swanage, Dorsetshire; O. V. Aplin, of Banbury (notes from Barmouth District); W. Duckworth, of Carlisle; T. E. Kelsall, of Balliol College, Oxford; Rev. H. A. Macpherson, of Carlisle; and Mr. Arthur Patterson, of Preston. Special acknowledgment is due to the Rev. H. A. Macpherson for most hearty and welcome co-operation. The recorder trusts to enlist further aid from the naturalists of the West of England and Wales, as it will much enhance the value of the report to include in it observations made by trained and experienced ornithologists, from whom alone can be expected notes on critical and rare species.

In dealing with the mass of information received it has been thought best to treat of it under the following heads.

I.—A few General Remarks on the Report.

II.—Reports on the Migratory-Season of 1884, communicated by several of the light-keepers and others.

III.—A Diary of the Principal Migratory Movements, which gives an idea of the importance of each movement, the area covered by it, and also indicates the species migrating in company.

IV.—A separate Report on each species.

I.—General Remarks.

The great mass of migrants during the past autumn seem to have passed stations decidedly south of Anglesea. The great movements appear to have taken place between Oct. 21st and 24th (inclusive), during which period some dozen species were noted; and again between Nov. 10th and 14th (inclusive), this being the most important movement, and applied no less than eighteen species observed at the lighthouses and lightships alone.

The report embraces notes on some rare or interesting species, including Motacilla alba, Lanius major, Ampelis garrulus, Chen albatus, Querquedula circia, Phalaropus hyberboreus, Machetes pugnax, Hydrochelidon nigra; whilst the scarcity or entire absence of Passer montanus, Corvus cornix, and Bernicla brenta, and the presence of Bernicla leucopsis, are of interest to one accustomed to East Coast observations. The capture, too, of eight Procellaria pelagica at the South Bishop, on Oct. 14th, is a noteworthy incident. The lanterns vary not a little in their death-dealing attractions, those of the Bardsey, South Bishop, Smalls, Nash (E.), Godrevy, and Eddystone lighthouses being most seductive, occasionally commanding no less than two hundred victims in a single night.

To be able to offer opinions, or even to speculate on the various problems connected with the migration of birds on the West Coast of England, will require much careful study based upon reports for some years, and it will be much regretted that this coast has been neglected for several seasons.

Chief attention should, perhaps, be paid to the relationship which exists between migration as observed on this coast and the great land mass of Ireland; thus to enable us, if possible, to give some indication of the lines of route, if any, taken by both summer and winter visitors and partial migrants on their passages to and from that country.

To this end a series of careful observations must and should be made, and special attention be given by observers to the direction taken by all migratory birds. This, it is thought, has not received the attention it deserves, and, as it may add a special value to the observations made, it is hoped that the light-keepers (especially those on light-vessels) and others, who have so very willingly helped in the past, will give attention to this request.

II.—Reports from Stations on the Season.

Carlisle District (Messrs. Macpherson and Duckworth).—After a westerly hurricane on Jan. 26th, land birds (Jackdaw and Moorhen), as well as Guillemots, Puffins, Gulls, and Sheldrakes were washed ashore, while Mr. Cook found a large Skua; many Oystercatchers were observed far inland. February and March were dull; the usual fowl on the Loughs, including Pintail, Shovellers, Tufted Duck, and Barnacle Geese, were numerous during the first half of March, and a large flock were seen; as also a Goosander in mid-April. The general calm of the first week of April induced the van of our army of summer visitants to push on early; but the subsequent prevalence of easterly and north-easterly winds checked the main body. On the afternoon of April 29th the wind changed from east to west, and we had an immense influx of House Martins and other birds on the 30th. August was fine, and many Waders arrived early; but it appeared that the chief arrivals took place between the last week this month and the second week of September. Geese and Ducks arrived before the middle of October; and the heavy westerly winds on the 26th and 27th brought ashore the Pomatorhine Skua and Leach's Petrel. The weather continued chiefly open until the end of the year, but most Waders had left by the end of October. In November and December the Geese and Ducks alone relieved the monotony of the Solway.

St. Bees L.H.—Mr. Henry Nott tells me that birds are generally few, unless Starlings and Lapwings; Starlings have been exceptionally numerous during the winter; as for Thrushes and Blackbirds he scarcely ever sees one.

Morecambe Bay L.V.—Mr. Henry Clavell informs me that very few birds have passed this station during the past two years.

Nash (E.) L.H. (Mr. Henry Nicholas).—Birds have not been noticed in such large flocks as last year. The most decided and general movement took place between the 2nd and 15th of November. Wild Ducks have been very scarce this year, and Sky Larks and Starlings have not been observed in such immense numbers as in years past.

Start L.H.—Mr. William Jones notes that in very few instances birds are observed at his station.

III.—Diary of Principal Movements.

The order of the stations is from north to south. The wind and weather are given in parentheses. For the weather the symbols of the Beaufort Scale have been adopted;[35] and the force of the wind ranges from to 12.

[35] Beaufort Scale.—B = blue sky; C, detached clouds; D, drizzling rain; F, fog; G, dark, gloomy; H, hail; L, lightning; M, misty; O, overcast; P, passing showers; Q, squally; R, rain; S, snow; T, thunder; U, ugly, threatening; V, visibility, unusual transparency; W, dew.

September 14th.

Dee L.V.—A Robin killed at 10.30 p.m. (E. by S., 5; B, C, M.)

Scarweather L.V.—Two Swallows at 11 a.m.

Nash (E.) L.H.—Two Landrails and one Starling killed at 2.15 a.m. (E., moderate; misty.)

Eddystone L.H.—Several Wheatears, "Flycatcher species" [Warblers], Wrens, and a few Larks, between 8 p.m. and midnight. Fifteen killed. (E., 5; O, R, M.)

Start L.H.—A Ring Ouzel killed at midnight. (E.S.E., 4; C, G, V, P.)

September 15th.

St. Bees L.H.—Numbers of Goldcrests at lantern at 11.30 p.m. (E., light breeze; misty.)

Dee L.V.—Titlark and Chaffinch found dead at daylight.

South Stack L.H.—Several Starlings and Wheatears between 9 p.m. and midnight. Several struck. (E., 4; O, M, R.)

September 16th.

St. Bees L.H.—Great numbers of Goldcrests from midnight to daylight. (S.E., light breeze; gloomy.)

September 17th.

St. Bees L.H.—Large numbers of Fieldfares at 7 a.m. (S.S.E., light; B, C, M.)

Bull Point L.H.—A Goldcrest at lantern at 1.30 am. (E., 1; bright.)

September 29th.

Longships L.H.—" A great host of Larks" at 4 am., "a lot striking." (Drizzling.)

October 14th.

South Bishop L.H.—"Many Song Thrushes, Missel Thrushes, Blackbirds, Wheatears, Goldcrests, Linnets, Larks, and eight Storm Petrels, from 11 p.m. to daylight." Ninety killed by striking the glass, and two hundred taken in a net attached to a stick. Three "Falcon Hawks and a Large-horned Owl" were also present, "and made sad havoc with them." (S.E. breeze; mist and slight rain.)

Helwick L.H.—A Lark at lantern at 9 p.m.

Eddystone L.H.—Four Goldcrests and a few common Wrens struck at midnight. Six killed. (N., 2; C, V.)

October 18th.

Bahama Bank L.V.—A flock of Crows at 3 p.m., flying S.W.

Dee L.V.—Several flocks of Titlarks at 7.15 a.m. (W., 3; O, D, V.)

South Stack L.H.—Finches, Linnets and Starlings between 7 and 10 a.m. (N.W., 3; clear.)

Carnarvon Bay L.V.—Hundreds of Larks all day, and a large number all night. (N.N.W., 4.)

Bull Point L.H.—Large flock of Starlings and forty Linnets at 7 a.m. (W., 2; clear.)

October 19th.

Bardsey L.H.—One Woodcock killed during night. (S., 5; C, M, D.)

Helwick L.H.—One Lark at 9 p.m.

Bishop Rock L.H.—A good number of Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Larks, from 11 p.m. to daylight. (N.N.W. to N.N.E.; misty.)

October 21st.

Selker L.V.—Several Larks and Starlings at lantern throughout the night, all went E. at daylight (S.S.W., 3; O, M, R.)

Morecambe Bay L.V.—Several Larks and Bullfinches from 10 to 12 a.m., flying S.W.

Dee L.V.—Large numbers of Starlings and Titlarks and a few Thrushes during the early morning, many striking glass. (Very foggy.)

South Stack L.H.—Blackbirds, Thrushes, Starlings, and Larks, between 12 p.m. and 4 a.m. A few killed. (S.S.W., 4; mist and rain.)

Carnarvon Bay L.V.—One Starling killed at 11 p.m. Two Thrushes at 4 a.m.

St. Tudwall's L.H.—A Chaffinch killed at 11 p.m., and two Blackbirds at 3 a.m.

Bardsey L.H.—One hundred Starlings and "a goodly lot of Black and Grey Thrushes" in the morning. "Dozens" killed. (S.W., 3; C, P, D.)

Caldy L.H.—Three Starlings at 11 p.m.

Bull Point L.H.—One Starling at 5 a.m. (S.E.; clear.)

Godrevy L.H.—Great numbers of Redwings and Thrushes, and a few Starlings, Blackbirds, and Goldcrests, from 7 p.m. to 5 a.m. Thirty-two killed. (S.S.E., 2; C, M.)

Eddystone L.H.—Large numbers of Thrushes, Redwings, Blackbirds, Finches, Larks, and Starlings, from 6 p.m. to 3 a.m. About two hundred caught. (From E.N.E. to E.S.E.; O, M.)

Start L.H.—Three or four Starlings and a Thrush at lantern at 9 p.m. (E.S.E., 4; C, G, V.)

October 22nd.

Bahama Bank L.V.—Larks at the lantern all night.

Selker L.V.—Larks about lantern all night. (S.S.E., 5; cloudy and misty.)

River Dee L.V.—A Thrush killed at 7 p.m.

South Stack L.H.—Blackbirds, Finches, and Starlings, at 8 p.m. (S.W., 4; misty and showery.) About sixty Blackbirds, Thrushes, and Starlings, from 4 a.m. to 6 a.m. (S., 6; misty.)

Carnarvon Bay L.V.—Many birds at lantern from 6 p.m. Starlings and Thrushes killed. (S.S.E., 5; misty.)

Bardsey L.H.—A good lot of "Black and Grey Thrushes" at night. Scores killed. (S., 5; C, G, M.)

Smalls L.H.—Blackbirds and Thrushes from midnight to 4 a.m. (23rd). One hundred struck, fifty killed. (S.E., 4; O, M, R.)

Caldy L.H.—One Thrush, two Blackbirds, two Larks, and one Starling, at lantern between 8 p.m. and 2.30 a.m. (23rd). (S.S.E., 5; O, G, M.)

Bull Point L.H.—A female Blackbird killed at 4 a.m. (23rd). (S.E., 2; misty.)

Godrevy L.H.—One Blackbird, four Larks, and four Starlings, killed at 4 a.m. (23rd). (S.W., 3; C, M.).

Longships L.H.—Thrushes, Goldcrests, Wrens, and Starlings, all night. Several killed. (S.S.E., 3; misty.)

October 23rd.

Bahama Bank L.V.—Larks, Starlings, and Blackbirds, at the lantern all night.

Selker L.V.—From 1.30 a.m. (24th) to daylight many Blackbirds, Larks, and Starlings at lantern; at daylight they all went East. (S.S.E., 4; misty.)

Dee L.V.—Four Thrushes, males and females, and a female Blackbird, killed between 6 and 8 p.m.; and nine Thrushes, males and females, and eight Blackbirds, males and females, between midnight and 6 a.m. (S.S.E., 4; fog.)

South Stack L.H.—A flock of Crows passing to S. at 10 a.m.

Carnarvon Bay L.V.—Large flocks of Crows at 8 a.m., also a great many small birds, passing S. during the day. (S., 4; M.)

Milford L.H.—Linnets, Larks, and Starlings, passed. (S., 4; M.) The same on the 24th.

Scarweather L.V.—Flocks of Larks and Starlings at intervals, from 2 a.m. to 12 a.m. (S.E., 4; misty.) The same on 24th.

Longships L.H.—Thrush, Goldcrests, Wrens, and Starlings, all night. (S., 3; misty.)

October 24th.

South Stack L.H.—Several Blackbirds, Larks, and Starlings, killed between 8 and 10 p.m. (N.N.E., 2; misty.)

Caldy L.H.—Large flocks of Linnets at noon.

Scarweather L.V.—Flocks of Linnets, Larks, and Starlings, from 10 a.m. to 2.30 p.m. (S.E., 4; misty.)

Flatholm L.H.—"Chiffchaff" and Crested Wrens all night. Some killed. (Variable; B, C, M.)

Eddystone L.H.—Several Thrushes and Larks from 9 p.m. to midnight. Several killed. (E.N.E., 2; C, M.)

November 4th.

Smalls Rock L.H.—A great number of Blackbirds, Thrushes, Fieldfares, Goldcrests, Larks, Starlings, and "Furse Cap," during the night. Eighty-eight struck the lantern, and forty were killed. (N.W., 6; cloudy.)

Flatholm L.H.—A small flock of Blackbirds and Thrushes at 8 a.m. (S.W., 6; calm.)

November 6th.

Bahama Bank L.V.—Four Crows at 8.30 a.m., flying W.N.W.

Selker L.V.—Eight Larks going N.E. at 1.40 p.m. (S.E., 4; B and M.)

Smalls Rock L.H.—Numbers of Blackbirds, Thrushes, Redbreasts, Wrens, "Lady Wagtails," Greenfinches, Larks, Water Rails, and Ducks, from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. (7th). One hundred struck the lantern, and seventy were killed. (S.E., 5; O, M.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—Eight to ten Fieldfares at noon, passing to S.W. (E., breeze; misty, rain.)

November 8th.

Smalls Rock L.H.—A very large flock of Rooks at 10.30 a.m. (E.S.E.; B, C, V.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—A Woodcock, wheeling round the lantern at 2.45 a.m., and after a while passed S.W. (N.E., light; clear.)

November 10th.

Bahama Bank L.V.—A large number of Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Larks, all night. Fifty or sixty killed. (S., 5; fog.)

Selker L.V.—A great many Titlarks and Starlings around the lantern from 7 to 11 p.m.; numbers striking. Ten Larks and seven Starlings found dead on deck. (S.S.E., 5; B and misty.)

Morecambe Bay L.V.—Several Sky Larks and Titlarks, between 8 and 12 a.m., flying S. by E.

Dee L.V.—Many Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings, and Titlarks, from 8 a.m. to midnight. Fourteen picked up on deck, and large numbers falling overboard. (S.E. by E.; fog.)

Carnarvon Bay L.V.—"Large quantities of birds all night," leaving for south at daylight. (S.S.E., 5; B, C, M.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—Blackbirds and Thrushes from 2 to 4 a.m.; eleven killed. (N.E., breeze; misty.) Blackbirds, Thrushes, Redwings, Larks, and Starlings, passing all night, many striking, and a few killed. (E.S.E., breeze; misty.)

Godrevy L.H.—Many birds at lantern from 10 p.m. (Nov. 10th) to 7 a.m. Twenty Blackbirds, eighteen Thrushes, two Fieldfares, and four Larks killed. (S.E., 2; C, M.)

Longships L.H.—Many Starlings and Larks at 1 a.m. (E.S.E., 2; fog.)

Eddystone L.H.—One Snipe struck and caught at 11 p.m. (S.E. by E., 5; C, V.)

November 11th.

Bahama Bank L.V.—Large numbers of Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Larks, all night. Many killed. (S., 5; fog.)

Morecambe Bay L.V.—Blackbirds and Thrushes at lantern during the night. (S.E., 4; B, F.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—About a dozen Golden Plover at 9.30 a.m. Blackbirds, Thrushes, Sky Larks, Starlings, &c., from 7 to 11 p.m., a great number of which struck, twenty being killed. (E.S.E., breeze; cloudy, misty.)

Flatholm L.H.—Blackbirds and Starlings passing all day. (S.E., 2; B, M.)

Eddystone L.H.—Thrushes, Larks, and Starlings, from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (12th). Several struck and caught. (S.E. to S.S.E., 2; C, V.)

Start L.H.—A few Larks at midnight. One killed. (E.S.E., 2; C, G, V.)

November 12th.

Morecambe Bay L.V.—About forty Blackbirds, flying S. by E., at 11.40 am. (S.S.E., 4; F.)

Dee L.V.—Several flocks of Titlarks, going S. throughout the day.

Bardsey L.H.—Several Thrushes, Chaffinches, Greenfinches, and Linnets, at the lantern all night. (S., 5; C, P, D.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—Two Woodcocks struck between 3 and 4 a.m. (E., gentle; misty.) Snipe at 7 p.m., six striking, four killed. At 8.45 a Wood Pigeon killed. From 9 to 11.30 p.m., Snipe, Lapwings, &c; two Snipe and three Lapwings being killed. (E., breeze; misty.).

Eddystone L.H.—One Ring Ouzel, two Blackbirds, several Thrushes and Starlings, from 9 p.m. to midnight. (S.E. by E., 3; O, D.)

Start L.H.—One Snipe killed at midnight. (S., 3; C, V.)

November 13th.

Morecambe Bay L.V.—Several Chaffinches at 11.30 a.m., flying S.S.E. (N.N.E., 4; B, M.)

Caldy L.H.—Blackbirds, Larks, and Plovers, from 3.30 to 4.30 a.m., flying about the lantern. Several of each species killed. (N.N.E., 5; O, G, M.)

Helwick L.V.—"A great number of species," including Blackbirds, Thrushes, Larks, and Starlings, at the lantern all night and till sunrise. A great number killed. (N.E., 3; O, M.)

Scarweather L.V.—Flocks of Larks passing at intervals during the day. A Blackbird killed at 10.30 p.m. (E., 4; G, M.)

Nash (E.) L.H.—Blackbirds, Larks, Woodcocks, Snipes, and Wood Pigeon, from 2 to 5 a.m. Some of each species killed. (E., gentle; mist and rain.)

Longships L.H.—"Scores" of Fieldfares, Blackbirds, and Starlings. Many striking, and several killed. (E.N.E., 3; very misty.)

November 14th.

Caldy L.H.—A large flock of Plovers flying inland at 11 a.m. (N.E., 5; B, C, M.)

Scarweather L.V.—A very large flock of Rooks at 11 a.m. (S.E., 5; B, C, M.)

Nash (E.).—Two Woodcocks (killed), and Starlings at 3 a.m. Fieldfares, Redwings, Blackbirds, and Larks, from 12 p.m. to 4 a.m.; eleven killed. (E., gentle breeze; misty.)

Bishop Rock L.H.—Several hundreds of Thrushes, Missel Thrushes, Redwings, Fieldfares, Larks, Starlings, and Lapwings, from 10 p.m. to daylight. (E., 4.)

Eddystone L.H.—"Several birds" struck, but "lost over," from 11 p.m. to midnight. (E.S.E., 5; B, C, V.)

December 23rd.

Smalls Rock L.H.—Thrushes and Blackbirds from 1 a.m. until sunrise, flying round the lantern. (S.E., 5; O, M.)

1885.

February 15th.

South Bishop L.H.—Ninety-seven Blackbirds, Thrushes, Larks, and Starlings, caught at 3 a.m. (S.E., 2; fog and rain.)

February 17th.

South Bishop L.H.—Seventeen Blackbirds, eleven Thrushes, and four Larks, caught at 5 a.m. (S.E., 4; rain and mist.)

IV.—Separate Report on each Species.[36]

[36] The zoological sequence and nomenclature adopted is that of the 'List of British Birds,' compiled by a Committee of the British Ornithologist's Union. London: John Van Voorst. 1883.

Tardus viscivorus, Missel Thrush.—Oct. 14th, South Bishop L.H., along with other species, and in some numbers, from 11 p.m. until daylight. Oct. 14th, Merionethshire, many on this and following days. Oct. 20th, Eddystone L.H., a male struck at 2.30 a.m. Nov. 14th, Bishop's Rock L.H., many, along with other species, from 10 p.m. until daylight.

Note.—Doubtless the numerous records of "Thrushes" may, in many cases, include this species and also the Fieldfare and the Redwing.

Turdus musicus, Song Thrush.—Spring: Godrevy L.H., March 4th, a few from 2 to 5 am. (E.S.E., veering S.S.W.; o, m, r.) Bishop Rock L.H., April 21st, in numbers, along with Blackbirds, Ring Ouzels, and Wheatears, from midnight to 4 a.m. (E., 2; misty.) Autumn: Noted from seventeen stations,—appearing first at Flatholm on Oct. 6th, and continuing at intervals to Dec. 1st at the Dee L.V., or indeed until Feb. 17th at South Bishop. An important movement commenced on Oct. 20th, when heavy flocks were noted at Bardsey L.H.; and on the 22nd it occurred abundantly at nearly all the stations from the Dee to Eddystone, the movement being continued on the following night at several stations between the Dee and Land's End (Longships). Another important migration commenced on the 10th of Nov., and lasted until the 14th. Noted only during the night or early morning, and mostly in company with other species. Observations made on the sex of those killed at Dee L.V., prove that males and females migrate in company.

Turdus iliacus, Redwing.—Carlisle, Oct. 6th, first seen by Mr. Cairns; Oct. 21st and 22nd, many passing S., between 11.30 and 12.30 p.m. Godrevy L.H., Oct. 21st, a great number, from 7 p.m. to 5 a.m. Eddystone L.H., Oct. 21st and 22nd, large numbers, between 6 p.m. and 8 a.m. Nash L.H., Nov. 10th, passing all night along with other species, and again on the 14th. Bishop Rock L.H., Nov. 14th, many, from 10 p.m. to daylight. Only noted in company with other species, and during the night and early morning.

Turdus pilaris, Fieldfare.—St. Bees L.H., Sept. 17th, in large numbers at 7 a.m. Nash L.H., Oct. 6th, a few at noon, passing S.W.; and again on the 14th, in company with Redwings, at 8 a.m. Carlisle, Oct. 4th, a few; and on 21st a large flock. Smalls Rock L.H., Nov. 4th, many during night. Preston, Nov. 6th, along with Redwings. Godrevy L.H., Nov. 9th, two killed during night. Longships L.H., Nov. 13th, "scores" all night. Bishop Rock L.H., Nov. 14th, many, along with other species, from 10 p.m. to daylight.

Turdus merula, Blackbird.—Spring: Bishop Rock L.H., April 21st, many, along with Wheatears, Bing Ouzels, and Thrushes, from midnight to 4 a.m. (E., 2; misty.) Autumn: Reported from twenty stations. First observed at St. Tudwall's, Oct. 4th, the migration lasting until Dec. 23rd (Smalls Rock L.H.), or even until Feb. 17th, when many occurred at the South Bishop L.H., but this may have been a return movement. A general movement took place from Oct. 20th to 25th, and again from Nov. 2nd to 17th, when the species occurred in great numbers at many stations. All the reports, with two exceptions (at Flatholm L.H. a small flock was observed at 8 a.m. on Nov. 11th, and at Carnarvon Bay L.V. a few were observed at noon on Nov. 20th), mention it as migrating only during the hours of darkness, and most often in company with Larks and Starlings.

Turdus torquatus, Ring Ouzel.—Spring: Bishop Rock L.H., April 21st, many, along with Blackbirds, Thrushes, and Wheatears, from midnight to 4 a.m. (E., 2; misty.) Autumn: Eddystone L.H., Sept. 1st, a male struck lantern at 3.30 a.m. (W.S.W., 4; O, R, V.) Merionethshire, Oct. 14th, several young birds in the garden of Arthog Hall Hotel, near Dolgelly; Eddystone L.H., Nov. 12th, one, between 9 p.m. and midnight. (S.E., 3; O, D.) Start L.H., Sept. 14th, one killed at midnight. (E.S.E., 4; C, G, V, P.)

Saxicola œnanthe, Wheatear.—Spring: Carlisle, April 11th, on the fells. Bishop Rock L.H., April 21st, many, from midnight to 4 a.m., along with Blackbirds, Thrushes, and Bing Ouzels. (E., 2; misty.) Autumn: Duddon Sands, about Aug. 10th, large flocks preparing to migrate. Eddystone L.H., Aug. 26th and 27th, several, between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m.; four killed. (N., 4; O, R, V.) Sept. 14th, several, from 8.30 p.m. to midnight; six killed. (E. 5; O, R, M.) South Stack L.H., Sept. 15th, several struck, between 9 p.m. and midnight. (E. 4; O, M, R.) Carlisle, Oct. 11th, an old male at Allonby. South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, along with Turdidæ, Larks, and Goldcrests, from 11 p.m. to daylight. (S.S.E., breeze; misty.)

Pratincola rubetra, Whinchat.—Spring: Carlisle District, plentiful on and after May 2nd.

Ruticilla phœnicurus, Redstart.—Spring: Carlisle District, a single old male, April 7th.

Erithacus rubecula, Robin.—Dee L.V., Sept. 14th, one killed at 10.80 p.m. (E. by S., 5; B, C, M.) St. Tudwall's L.H., Oct. 14th, one on the lighthouse at 3 p.m. Smalls Rock L.H., Nov. 6th, along with other species, from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m.; some killed. Flatholm L.H., Nov. 12th, "Robins have been numerous for some days." Bideford Bar L.H., two, at 10.30 a.m.

Sylvia cinerea, Whitethroat.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 8th, one.

Phylloscopus rufus, Chiffchaff.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 8th, first heard.

Phylloscopus trochilus, Willow Wren.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 6th, but not numerous until the 30th.

Locustella nævia, Grasshopper Warbler.—Spring: Carlisle District, May 6th, first heard.

Regulus cristatus, Goldcrest.—Carlisle District, numerous during the last week in August, and apparently an influx during the last week in September. Bardsey L.H., Aug. 28th, "scores" during the night, "dozens" striking. St. Bees L.H., Sept. 15th, numbers struck the lantern at 10.30 p.m.; Sept. 16th, great numbers from midnight until near daylight. Bull Point L.H., Sept. 17th, one at lantern at 1.30 p.m.; Oct. 20th, two at lantern in the early morning, Flatholm L.H., Sept. 18th, numerous on the island; Oct. 24th, all night, some killed. Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 1st, from eight to ten at 11 p.m.; five killed. South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, along with other species, from 11 p.m. to daylight. Eddystone L.H., Oct. 14th, four killed at lantern at midnight; Oct. 15th, two struck at 4 a.m. Longships L.H., Oct. 22nd, one during the night. Smalls Rock L.H., Nov. 4th, along with other species during the night. Dee L.V., Nov. 16th, one found dead on deck.

Troglodytes parvulus, Wren.—Morecambe Bay L.V., Sept. 12th, one at 8 a.m., flying S.W. Eddystone L.H., Sept. 14th, several, from 8.30 p.m. to midnight; Oct. 14th, a few at midnight; Oct. 20th, several at lantern at 2.30 a.m. Helwick L.V., Sept. 18th, several flying round the lantern in the early hours of the morning. Carnarvon Bay L.V., Sept. 30th, one struck at daybreak. Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 10th, four at 8.30 a.m., flying W.; Oct. 11th, two struck at midnight. Longships L.H., Oct. 22nd and 23rd, along with other species at midnight. Smalls Rock L.H., Nov. 6th, great movement, along with other species, from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m.; many killed. Observed migrating between Sept. 12th and Nov. 4th.

Motacilla ————, "Wagtail."—Bardsey L.H., Aug. 27th, several "Lady Wagtails" observed about the lighthouse. Carnarvon Bay L.V., Oct. 4th, "a Wagtail" flying N.E. at 3 p.m. St. Tudwall's L.H., Oct. 10th, two "Black and White Wagtails" on the island at 9 a.m. Dee L.V., one at noon, flying N.E. Smalls Rock L.H., "Lady Wagtails," along with other species, from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m.

Motacilla alba, White Wagtail.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 15th, one, on the lawn at Rose Castle.

Anthus ——, "Pipit," "Titlark."—Reported from Morecambe Bay L.V., Selker L.V., Dee L.V., St. Tudwall's L.H., Bardsey L.H., Flatholm L.H., and Start Point L.H. First noticed at Bardsey on Aug. 27th. General movements on Oct. 18th, 21st to 24th, and again on Nov. 2nd, 8th, 10th, and 12th, until Nov. 14th at the Dee L.V. Recorded as migrating both by day and night, but chiefly during the hours of light.

Anthus trivialis, Tree Pipit.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 11th, first seen.

Anthus obscurus, Rock Pipit.—Carlisle District, October, a decided immigration to the salt marshes.

Lanius excubitor, Great Grey Shrike.—Carlisle District, Sept. 13th, a male shot at Haggyford. December (second week), one seen at Orton.

Lanius major, Pallas's Great Grey Shrike.—Carlisle District, Jan. 8th, one seen, shortly afterwards shot. Feb. 6th, another "very blue bird" seen at Grimsdale.

Ampelis garrulus, Waxwing.—Carlisle District, Oct. 12th, one seen close, at Cotehill; two seen on the edge of King Moor, by Mr. Armstrong; they permitted a close approach, as they were busily feeding on hips ("tupes"). Jan. 28th, 1885, one at Rockliffe; probably the bird seen a few days later by Mr. Lester.

Hirundo rustica, Swallow.—Spring: Carlisle District, one seen on April 9th. Preston, April 28th, a pair. Morecambe Bay L.V., five at 12.30 p.m., flying S.E.; May 18th, two at 4.30 a.m., flying N.N.W. Autumn: Dee L.V., Aug. 31st, twenty at 10 a.m., flying E.; Sept. 14th; two at 1.10 p.m. Usk L.H., Sept. 5th and 6th, great numbers from 9 to 12 a.m. Morecambe Bay L.V., Sept. 11th, four at 7.30 a.m., flying S. Scarweather L.V., Sept. 12th, six at noon; Sept. 14th, two at 11 a.m.; Sept. 18th, parties at intervals, from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. (S.E.; misty.) Flatholm L.H., Sept. 12th and 13th, large flocks going S. all day. Helwick L.H., Sept. 18th, several during the morning; Oct. 6th, two at 7.30 a.m., flying S. Selker L.V., Oct. 2nd, one going S.E. at 10 a.m. Carlisle District, a small flock seen on Oct. 22nd; one captured on Nov. 5th in wretched plight. Swanage, Nov. 13th, in considerable numbers; one on the 14th, and another on the 18th.

"Martin."—Flatholm L.H., Aug. 26th, continuous flocks of Martins and Swifts going S. at about 10 a.m. (N.N.W., moderate.); Sept. 13th, large flocks all day. (E.N.E., fresh.) Helwick L.V., Oct. 7th, two at 12.30 p.m. (N., gentle; B, C, M.)

Chrysomitris spinus, Siskin.—Carlisle District, March 6th, one female shot; after which none were seen (except a pair of breeding birds) until Dec. 15th.

Fringilla montifringilla, Brambling.—Carlisle District, last seen in flocks in March; a few in October; numerous in some localities in November.

Ligurinus chloris, Greenfinch.—Bardsey L.H., Sept. 20th, several flocks of small birds during the day, including this species; Nov. 12th, some about the lantern all night. Smalls Rock, L.H., Nov. 6th, many, along with Thrushes, Blackbirds, Robins, &c., from 11 p.m. to daylight. Some killed.

Passer domesticus, Sparrow.—Helwick L.V., Oct. 30th, several at 7.30 a.m., flying S.E. (S.W., breezy.)

Fringilla cœlebs, Chaffinch.—Scarweather L.V., Sept. 12th, four at 7.30 a.m. Dee L.V., Sept. 15th, one found dead at daylight; Oct. 24th, one on deck at noon. Bardsey L.H., Sept. 20th, observed along with Greenfinches, Larks, and Linnets; Nov. 12th, several, with other species, at the lantern all night. Nash (E.) L.H., Sept. 21st, a few at 2 a.m.; seven struck, four killed. St. Tudwall's L.H., Oct. 21st, one killed at 11 p.m. Morecambe Bay L.V., Nov. 1st, one resting on the vessel at 1.30 p.m.; Nov. 30th, several at 11.30 a.m., passing S.S.E.

Linota ————. Under the heading of "Linnets" there is the under-given information. Scarweather L.V., Sept. 17th, 24th, and 29th, flocks at intervals during the daytime. Bardsey L.H., Sept. 20th, many on the island; Nov. 12th, many at the lantern all night, with other species. South Stack L.H., Oct. 5th, continuous flocks between 8 and 9 a.m.; Oct. 18th and 20th, flocks, composed of Linnets, Finches, and Starlings, between 7 and 10 a.m. South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, many, along with other species, from 11 p.m. to daylight. Milford L.H., Oct. 14th, a few; 23rd and 24th, along with Larks and Starlings. Bull Point L.H., Oct. 18th, about forty at 7.30 a.m. Scarweather L.V., Jan. 4th, 1885, a flock at 10.30 a.m. It is possible that in addition to Linota cannabina, that flavirostris and even rufescens may be referred to.

Pyrrhula europæa, Bullfinch.—Morecambe Bay L.V., Oct. 21st, several, in company with Larks, from 10 to 12 a.m., flying S.S.W.

Plectrophanes nivalis, Snow Bunting.—Carlisle District, Nov. 15th, first seen at Rickerby; large flocks on Crossfell same time; shot a pair of old birds, very white, at Silloth, Dec. 11th; a flock on Skinburness, same time.

Sturnus vulgaris, Starling.—The very numerous entries of the movements of this species would furnish quite a voluminous report in itself, and forms quite a feature of the returns. It is noted frequently at all the stations making returns, save two, between Aug. 31st, at Flatholm L.H., and Feb. 15th, 1885, at the South Bishop L.H.; often in very considerable numbers, and both during the daytime and at night, when occasionally many perish at the lanterns. The number and continuity of the movements of this species, as observed at some stations, may, in a measure, be due to its well-known habit of massing in the autumn and winter. These flocks disperse in the morning, when the birds seek their food at varying distances from their roosting-quarters. They return in the evening, and in doing so would pass many of the West Coast stations, not a few of which are situated in estuaries easily crossed. For further details of the movements of this species consult the diary preceding this section of the Report.

Corvus corone, Crow.—St. Tudwall's L.H., Oct. 4th, several at 9 a.m., flying W. Carnarvon Bay L.H., Oct. 23rd, a large flock, passing S. at 8 a.m. South Stack L.H., a flock, passing S. at 10 a.m. Selker L.V., Nov. 10th, one going S. at 2.30 p.m. Bideford Bar L.H., Dec. 12th, forty at 7.30 a.m.

Corvus cornix, Hooded Crow.—Merionethshire, one seen about the end of October. Carlisle District, "a single straggler" shot, Nov. 14th.

Corvus frugilegus, Rook.—Smalls L.H., Nov. 7th, seven at 9.30 a.m.; Nov. 8th, a very large flock at 10.30 a.m. Scarweather L.V., Nov. 14th, a very large flock at 11 a.m.

Alauda arvensis, Sky Lark.—Under this heading and the general term of "Lark" there are very numerous entries, most of which doubtless refer to this species; but experience leads one to opine that in some instances the Meadow Pipit, or "Titlark," may be meant. Recorded from most stations between Sept. 14th at Eddystone and Feb. 17th, 1885, at the South Bishop. On Oct. 21st there was a general movement, the species being observed from the Selker L.V. to the Eddystone L.H. Great numbers occurred at the Longships L.H. on Sept. 29th, at the South Bishop L.H. on Oct. 14th, and on Nov. 4th and 6th at the Smalls Rock L.H. Migrates during the daytime, and rarely at night. Mr. Hills, of the South Bishop, says that flocks of Larks pass south, during the daytime, from November until the end of January.

Cypselus apus, Swift.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 28th, one flying at a considerable height. Autumn: Carlisle District, Aug. 17th, one seen; another on the 19th. Flatholm L.H., Aug. 26th, continuous flocks of Swifts and Martins passing south at 10 a.m.

Cuculus canorus, Cuckoo.—Carlisle District, April 14th, seen and heard.

Striges "Large-horned Owl" (? Asio accipitrinus).—South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, one hovering around the lantern, between 11 p.m. and daylight, making, along with three "Falcon Hawks," "sad havoc" with the numerous smaller species present.

Asio accipitrinus, Short-eared Owl.—Carlisle District, Sept. 6th, one adult female; one in November; strange to say, no others.

Accipitres.—Under the heading of "Hawk" there are the following records:—Morecambe Bay L.V., May 11th, one flying E. by S. in the early morning. South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, between 11 p.m. and daylight, three "Falcon Hawks" and a "Large-horned Owl" made "sad havoc" among the numerous birds around the lantern. St. Tudwall's L.H., Oct. 18th, one small Hawk at sunset going S.W. Helwick L.V., Oct. 30th, a Hawk at 7 a.m.

Falco peregrinus, Peregrine.—Carlisle District, Oct. 11th, one, near Allonby.

Falco æsalon, Merlin.—Carlisle District, Oct. 27th, one seen on Rockliffe; another, male adult, shot, Nov. 8th; female and male, juv., subsequently.

Ardea cinerea, Heron.—Bardsey L.H., Aug. 28th, one on the island; Sept. 13th, two in the evening. St. Tudwall's L.H., Nov. 29th, one at 3 p.m.; Jan. 23rd, 1885, one at 2 p.m.

Phalacrocorax carbo, Cormorant.—Bull Point L.H., Aug. 22nd, six at 6 a.m., flying W. Nash (E.) L.H., Sept. 1st, one at 11 a.m., passing N.W. Bardsey L.H., Dec. 19th, four during the morning. Bahama Bank L.V., Dec. 18th and 19th, single birds seen.

"Grey Geese."—Carlisle District, Oct. 10th, large arrival, most of which passed on. Mr. Macpherson's impression is that Bean, Pink-footed, and Grey-lag, all occurred during the autumn and winter; but the only birds shot belonged to the first-named, A. segetum. Two of these were shot, out of a flock of twenty-five. Carnarvon Bay L.V., Jan. 4th, 1885, forty at 10 a.m., flying N.N.W.

Chen albatus, Snow Goose.—Carlisle District, Aug. 22nd, one adult, Allonby, 9 a.m., weather very hazy; flew from west (Irish Channel?) to east. Followed up all day, to no purpose. Seen again Sept. 8th and Oct. 14th. It is impossible to shoot Geese on the Solway in open weather, except at night.

Bernicla leucopsis, Barnacle Goose.—Carlisle District, large arrival about Oct. 10th. A flock of considerably more than a hundred rose off Rockliffe Marsh, and pitched on the Burgh side, early on Oct. 16th. A flock, estimated at between 600 and 1000 birds, visited Rockliffe in December.

Cygnus bewicki, Bewick's Swan.—Carlisle District, Nov. 23rd, single bird, Monkhill; sharp frost.

Anatidæ.—Teal. A pair noted at St. Bees on Aug. 24th. The references to Ducks, at both the Selker and Dee light-vessels, are very numerous; at the latter "Black Duck" (? Scoters) were first noted on Sept. 10th. "Ducks" are chronicled from many stations, but unfortunately without reference to species.

Harelda glacialis, Long-tailed Duck.—Carlisle District, immature male, Monkhill, Jan. 24th to March 19th.

Œdemia nigra, Common Scoter.—Carlisle District, Oct. 24th, one; others afterwards.

Mergus merganser, Goosander.—Carlisle District, Oct. 30th, one, immature; twelve others shot to Dec. 31st, three being adult males, which are very scarce here.

Mergus serrator, Merganser.—Carlisle District, Oct. 31st, immature male; another later. A scarce bird with us.

Chaulelasmus streperus, Gadwall.—Carlisle District, Oct. 21st, one, immature; shot on Eden.

Querquedula circia, Garganey.—Carlisle District, March 11th, two females, shot out of a small flock.

Mareca penelope, Wigeon.—Carlisle District, large flock on the Esk in mid-September.

Fuligula marila, Scaup.—Carlisle District, Nov. 23rd, a single adult male, Monkhill; others subsequently on Solway.

Clangula glaucion, Golden-eye.—Carlisle District, April 28th, two old drakes and several others at Monkhill. First, immature, Oct. 10th; numerous in November.

Columba palumbus, "Wood Pigeon."—Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 12th, one killed against the lantern at 8.45 p.m.; on this night, Snipe, Woodcocks, and Lapwings were also immolated; Oct. 13th, another killed between the hours 2 and 5 a.m., again along with the species just mentioned; Oct. 15th, one killed at 11 p.m.

Charadrius pluvialis, Golden Plover.—Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 11th, about a dozen, passing S. at 9.30 a.m. Caldy L.H., Oct. 29th, fourteen at 3 p.m.; "their first appearance this season." Nov. 13th, several at the lantern, along with other species, at 3.30 a.m.; two killed. 14th, a large flock at 11 a.m. Bardsey Island, Dec. 20th, 24th, and 26th, several shot. In the Carlisle District young birds were making for the coast on the 9th of July.

Ægialitis hiaticula, Ringed Plover.—Carlisle District, Aug. 28th, immense mixed flock of this and Dunlin; about one-third only were Dunlins; nearly all the Ringed Plover were adults, and large birds.

Eudromias morinellus, Dotterel.—Carlisle District, one shot, circa, April 20th; several others shot in the "Lakes" for the fly-dressers, which is much to be regretted.

Rallus aquaticus, Water Rail.—Nash (E.), L.H., Oct. 26th, one killed at 2.40 p.m. (westerly gale, mist and rain). Smalls Rock L.H., Nov. 6th, several, along with other species, from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m. (S.E. breeze, O.M.)

Crex pratensis, Land Rail.—Spring: Carlisle District, April 17th, a male; 22nd, another. Autumn: Nash (E.) L.H., Sept. 12th, one killed at midnight. (E. breeze, misty); Sept. 13th, two killed at 2.15 a.m. (moderate E. breeze, misty). Bishop Rock L.H., Sept. 20th, one, along with Wheatears, struck glass between 2 and 5 a.m. Carlisle District, Oct. 28th, one at Flunby. Bardsey Island, Mr. Bowen remarks that this species came very early and left the island sooner than usual in consequence of the dry season.

Vanellus vulgaris, Lapwing.—St. Bees L.H., Aug. 27th, a flock of two or three hundred appeared at 10 a.m. Carnarvon Bay L.V., Oct. 2nd, one at 11 a.m. Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 12th, Lapwings and Snipe from 9 to 11.30 a.m., three Lapwings killed; Oct. 15th, a large flock passing S.W. at 10 a.m. Bishop Rock L.H., Nov. 14th, many, along with Blackbirds, Redwings, &c., from 10 p.m. to daylight. Bardsey L.H., Dec. 10th, several during the day; Dec. 20th to 26th, flocks, along with Golden Plover. Scare weather L.V., forty or fifty at 11.30 a.m.

Strepsilas interpres, Turnstone.—Carlisle District, Aug. 4th, two. Skinburness, September 6th, one female, immature.

Scolopax rusticula, Woodcock.—Reported from two stations only. Bardsey L.H., Oct. 19th, one killed during the night. Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 8th, one at 2.45 a.m., which, after wheeling round the lantern for some time, passed S.W. (N.E., bright and clear); Oct. 12th, two struck between 3 and 4 a.m., one killed; Oct. 13th, one killed between 2 and 5 a.m.; Oct. 14th, two killed at 3 am. Merionethshire, Oct. 14th, one in Arthog woods.

Gallinago cœlestis, Snipe.—Scarweather L.V., Sept. 10th, two at 1.23 p.m. Nash (E.) L.H., Oct. 12th, six struck, four of which were killed, at 7 p.m., and between 9 and 11.30 p.m. two more were killed; Oct. 13th, two killed between 2 and 5 a.m., along with Blackbirds and Woodcocks. Eddystone L.H., Nov. 10th, a male caught at lantern at 11.15 p.m. Start L.H., Nov. 12th, one killed at midnight. Bideford Bar L.H., Dec. 13th, "Eight Snipe."

Tringa subarquata, Curlew Sandpiper.—Carlisle District, Solway, Sept. 3, one, immature, shot with some Dunlins.

Tringa striata, Purple Sandpiper.—Carlisle District, a few arrived early in October; one immature, "telegraphed" Oct. 24.

Machetes pugnax, Buff.—Carlisle District, Aug. 30, one, female, Rockliffe; Sept. 8th, six, Burgh; Sept. 10, one, female, Skinburness; all immature, and, with the exception of the first, too hard hit for preservation.

Tringoides hypoleucos, Common Sandpiper.—Carlisle District, arrived on Eden, Petteril, and Caldew, on April 13th.

Helodromas ochropus, Green Sandpiper.—Carlisle District, Sept. 5, one shot, immature; others seen, Rockliffe, Burgh, Allonby, August and September; one, adult, seen last week December (shot January, '85).

Totanus canescens, Greenshank.—Carlisle District, Aug. 24th, two, male and female; Aug. 28th, saw another at Port Carlisle.

Limosa ægocephala, Black-tailed Godwit.—Carlisle District, Sept. 6th, one, immature, shot, another seen; Oct. 28th, one shot (these are the first since 1876, when one was shot).

Numenius phæopus, Whimbrel.—Carlisle District, May 10th; numerous during August and September.

Numenius arquata, Curlew.—Bull Point L.H., Aug. 17th, about twenty flying S.W. at 10 a.m. Bardsey L.H., Aug. 27, fourteen during the morning. Dee L.V., Aug. 29th and 30th, a flock each morning at 9.30 a.m. Helwick L.V., Sept. 10th, several passed the lantern Hying from E. to W. at 8.30 p.m. Longships L.H., Nov. 13th, one struck the lantern at 8.45 p.m., "a very rare occurrence." There are other entries concerning this species, but referring obviously to local movements only.

Sterninæ, Terns.—Bishop Rock L.H., October 5, several Sea-Swallows from sunrise to 5 p.m.; also large numbers of Gannets "after Pilchards."

Sterna fluviatilis, Common Tern.—Carlisle District, arrived at breeding haunts on the 4th of May.

Sterna cantiaca, Sandwich Tern.—Carlisle District, April 23rd, Mr. Reynolds noted its arrival on this day.

Hydrochelidon nigra, Black Tern.—Carlisle District, two, at the point of Rockliffe Marsh, which runs far out into the Solway, October 20th, 21st.

Larinæ, Gulls.—Nash (E.)L.H., large flocks of Common Gulls passing inland along with Crows from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. Bideford Bar L.H., Nov. 18th and 20th, flocks of Gulls all day.; Dec. 11th, about two hundred Gulls and forty Crows at 7.30 p.m. There are other references of an unimportant nature and needing no record.

Stercorarius pomatorhinus, Pomatorhine Skua.—Carlisle District, Oct. 28th, one, in almost adult dress, shot at Bowness; on the 26th a brisk W. gale; on 27th, high W. wind, wilder p.m.; 28th, westerly gale, a.m.

Procellaria pelagica, Stormy Petrel.—South Bishop L.H., Oct. 14th, from 11 p.m. to daylight, about three hundred Larks, Blackbirds, Missel and Song Thrushes, Wheatears, Goldcrests, and eight Storm Petrels were killed or captured at the lantern. Dee L.V., Oct. 25th, one alive on deck at 6 a.m.

Procellaria leucorrhoa, Leach's Petrel.—Carlisle District, Oct. 28th, one "telegraphed," picked up and still living.

Puffinus ———— ?—Bishop Rock L.H., during August several Shearwaters struck the glass between the hour of lighting and 4 a.m., but none were killed.

Colymbus septentrionalis, Red-throated Diver.—Carlisle District, Nov. 1st, two seen; Nov. 7th, two, adults, shot at Bowness and Skinburness; others afterwards.

Podiceps cristatus, Great-crested Grebe.—Carlisle District, March 11th, one male, on Eden, adult; Oct., one near Penrith, immature.

Mergulus alle, Little Auk.—Carlisle District, one, adult, Brampton, about Nov. 20th-21st; severe gale from east, 18th and 19th; another, shortly after, near Cockermouth, was swimming on a small inland pool when shot; this also Mr. Macpherson examined, and believes it to be a bird of the year.

Fratercula arctica, Puffin.—Spring: Caldy L.H., April 9th, one hundred or more at daybreak; "the first seen this season."

Alca torda, Razorbill.—Longships L.H., Sept. 30th, great numbers going S. in the morning; Nov. 24th, a flock at 2 p.m. going S.S.W.; 27th, flocks at mid-day, moving S.W.

William Eagle Clarke.