Woman in Science / With an Introductory Chapter on Woman's Long Struggle for Things of the Mind

by J. A. Zahm

INDEX

Abelard, [141], [142].
Abella, physician, [286].
Abrégé de Navigation, Lalande's, [182].
Academy of ancient Athens, admission of women to, [10].
Academy of the Lincei, Donna Caetani-Bovatelli, dean of, [326].
Academy of Science, French. See French Academy of Science.
Acta Mythologica Apostolorum in Arabic, translated by Agnes Lewis, [331] footnote.
Adams, (Mrs.) Abigail, quoted, [100].
Adams, Charles Francis, quoted, [100].
Adams, Elizabeth, [344].
Addison, [98].
Adelheid, [52].
Ægidius, quoted, [282] footnote.
Æschines, [13].
Africa, Mary Kingsley's explorations in, [257], [258].
Agamede, physician, [267], [268].
Aganice, daughter of Sesostris, [167].
Agassiz, (Mrs.) Elizabeth Cary, [255], [377].
Agassiz, Jean Louis, [255], [378].
Aglaonice, the first woman astronomer, [167].
Agnesi, Maria Gaetana, [78], [79], [105], [228], [230];
knowledge of languages of, [143], [144];
achievements of, in mathematics, [144]-150;
charitable works of, [148]-151;
exclusion of, from French Academy, [393].
Agnodice, physician, [268], [269], [290].
Agricola, Rudolph, [62].
Agriculture, English Board of, [250].
Agriculturists, women as, [335], [338].
Agrippina, [24], [25]; prose writings of, [28].
Albategni, [169].
Albert the Great, [233].
Alcæus, in praise of Sappho, [6].
Alcala, University of, [68].
Alciphoron, [11].
Alexandria, Hypatia's work in, [138], [199], [200].
Algæ, Dr. Snow's work on, [254].
Algarotti, Francisco, [152].
Algebra, taught by Hypatia, [139].
Alpine flora, Amalie Dietrich's collection of, [243].
Amazonia, explorations of Madame Coudreau in, [259]-261.
Ambrosius, Franciscus, [142].
American Chemical Society, [228].
American Philosophical Society, [228].
Amoretti, Maria Pellegrina, [77].
Ampère, in praise of Émilie du Châtelet, [151].
Analyse des Infiniment Petits, by Marquis l'Hôpital, [376].
Anatomical models, perfected by Anna Manzolini, [236];
perfected by Mlle. Biheron, [238].
Anatomy, the study of, by women, [236]-238.
Anaxagoras, [12].
Ancren Riwle, [40].
Andrea, Novella d', [53], [79].
Andromeda, [6].
Anguisciola sisters of Cremona, [61].
Annals of Tacitus, [28].
Antelmy, Agnesi's Analytical Institutions translated into French by, [146].
Antiochis, physician, [270].
Antipater, epigram of, [6] footnote.
Anytæ, [17].
Apelles, [11].
Apocrypha Arabica, edited by Margaret Gibson, [330] footnote.
Apocrypha Sinaitica, [330] footnote.
Apocrypha Syriaca Sinaitica, edited by Agnes Lewis, [331] footnote.
Apollonius, Conic Sections of, Hypatia's commentary on, [168].
Apollonius of Perga, [139], [140].
Aquinas, Thomas, quoted, [297] footnote.
Arabic Version of the Acta Apocrypha Apostolorum edited by Agnes Lewis, [331] footnote.
Arabic Version of the Acts of the Apostles and the Seven Catholic Epistles, edited by Margaret Gibson, [330] footnote.
Arabic Version of St. Paul's Epistles to the Romans, Corinthians, Galatians and part of Ephesians, by Margaret Gibson, [330] footnote.
Arago, [202].
Archæology, museums of, [309], [310];
women in, [309]-333;
American women in, [321]-324.
Archagatos, [271].
Archimedes, [197].
Archlanassa, [10].
Ardinghelli, Maria Angela, [77], [142].
Arditi, Michele, [311].
Areometer, invention of, by Hypatia, [200].
Arete of Cyrene, teacher of philosophy, [197]-199.
Arezzo, Leonardo d', course of study for women planned by, [84] footnote.
Ariosto, quoted, [6] footnote, [57];
in praise of Vittoria Colonna, [61], [63], [66].
Aristippus, [10], [197].
Aristotelian theory of difference between intellectual capacity of men and women, [110].
Aristotle, in praise of Sappho, [5], [10], [197].
Arithmetica of Diophantus, Hypatia's commentary on, [139], [168].
Arrighi, G. L., [364] footnote.
Art, achievements of women in, in Italy during the Renaissance, [60], [61].
Ascham, Roger, [69] footnote.
Asclepiades, [271].
Ashley, Mary, [196].
Aske, Robert, quoted, [41].
Aspasia, of Miletus, [12]-14, [16], [17], [26].
Aspasia, physician, [199], [270].
Assisi, St. Francis, [358].
Astrolabe, invention of, by Hypatia, [140], [200].
Astronomical Canon, Hypatia's, [140], [168].
Astronomical Society of France, Dorothea Klumpke first woman member of, [194].
Astronomie des Dames, Lalande's, [178], [181].
Astronomy, achievements of Hypatia in, [139], [200]-201;
women in, [167]-196.
At Susa by Mme. Dieulafoy, [320] footnote.
Athenæus, [137].
Athens, position of women in, [3]-5, [16], [18], [19], [199], [414], [415];
culture of, [404].
Attica, [198].
Aucassin et Nicolette, [275].
Augustus, Emperor, [19], [24].
Aurelia, mother of Julius Cæsar, [22].
Austen, Jane, [98].
Auzoux, Dr., [236].
Ayrton, Mrs. W. E., achievements of, in electricity, [212], [230].
Baker, Lady, wife of Sir Samuel Baker, [374].
Balzac, [88].
Barbapiccola, Eleonora, of Salerno, [76].
Bascom, Florence, [254].
Bassani, Signora, lace-maker, [337].
Bassi, Laura, [78], [79], [147], [148], [203]-209, [210], [211], [212], [298];
birth of, at Bologna, [203];
Doctorate of Physics bestowed upon, [204];
letters of Voltaire to, [207].
Bazzani, Doctor, [204].
Beatrice, [357], [361].
Beausoleil, Baroness de, [238]-240.
Becquerel, M. H., [223], [227], [228].
Beethoven, [359].
Bellini, [66].
Bembo, Cardinal, [61], [63];
in praise of Elizabetta Gonzaga, [67].
Benedict XIV, [78], [147], [148], [203], [204], [228].
Berlin Academy of Sciences, [371].
Bern, University of, [304].
Bernouilli, Jean, [152].
Bernstein, Dr. Julius, on intellectual capacity of women, [133].
Berthollet, [216].
Besant, Sir Walter, quoted, [102]-105.
Bianchetti, Giovanna, [298].
Bianchetti, Maddalena, [298].
Biheron, Mlle., [238].
Biology, [245], [254];
as a basis for woman's equality with man, [399].
Biot, [154], [216];
in praise of Sophie Germain, [156].
Bishop, Isabella Bird, [256].
Blackwell, Miss Elizabeth, physician, [300]-304, [305], [307].
Bobinski, Countess, [196].
Boccaccio, [197].
Bocchi, Dorotea, [298].
Boileau's satire on Mme. de la Sablière, [172].
Boke of the Cyte of Ladyes, quoted from, [106], [107], [108].
Boleyn, Anne, [69].
Bollandists, on work of St. Hildegard, [47].
Bologna, Academy of Sciences of, [207].
Bologna, University of, [203]-210, [236], [296]-299;
in Middle Ages, [53];
women lecturers and professors in, [57], [78], [79];
Dorotea Bucca of, [62];
degrees conferred upon Maddalena Canedi-Noe and Maria Vittoria Dosi by, [77];
chair of higher mathematics in, given to Maria Gaetana Agnesi, [78], [148].
Bonaparte, Caroline, archæological excavations of, [311], [312], [317].
Bonaparte, Joseph, [311].
Borghini, Maria Selvaggia of Pisa, [76].
Borromeo, Clelia Grillo, of Genoa, [77], [142].
Bos, J. Ritzema, [253] footnote.
Bossuet, Abbé, [88], [146].
Boston, public schools of, [99].
Botany, [256];
Frau Kablick's studies in, [242], [243];
Amalie Dietrich's studies in, [243]-244;
cryptoganic, [254].
Bouchet, Jean, quoted, [74] footnote.
Bovin, Mme. Marie, physician, [293]-295.
Bowles, Ada C., quoted, [346], [347].
Boyd, Ella F., [254].
Boyd, Harriet, [317];
archæological investigations of, [321], [322].
Boyd, Mary E., of Smith, [195].
Brahe, Sophia, [170].
Brahe, Tycho, [170].
Brain, convolutions of, as an index to intelligence, [122], [123];
frontal lobe of, in man and in woman, [122];
gray matter of, and its relation to intelligence, [123].
Brain weight, relation of, to mental power, [118]-122, [124]-126.
Brenzoni, Laura, [58], [59].
Brescia, University of, [62].
British Museum, [256], [258].
Britton, Elizabeth G., [254].
Broca, [116], [126].
Brontë sisters, [98], [114], [115], [264].
Brosses, M. Charles de, quoted, [144].
Brougham, Lord, [159].
Brown, Alice, [196].
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, [114].
Bruce, Miss C., [196].
Brush, Mary, [344].
Brussels, [229].
Brutus, [23].
Bryn Mawr, College of, [166].
Bucca, Dorotea, [62], [79].
Büchner, [246].
Buckland, Mrs. William, [374], [375].
Buckle, [384], [385], [386].
Burckhardt, [210].
Burney, Fanny, [98].
Burnmeister, [248].
Bush, Katherine J., [254].
Butter, Josephine E., [291] footnote.
Cædmon, influence of St. Hilda on, [37], [38].
Cæsar, Aurelia, mother of, [22].
Caetani-Bovatelli, Donna Ersilia, archæologist, [324]-327.
Caetani-Sermonetta, Duke of, [324], [325].
Caius Musonius Rufus, on education of women, [30], [31].
Calendrini, Bettina, [298].
Calendrini, Novella, [298].
California, University of, [323].
Calphurnia, letters of, [29].
Calpurnia, [356], [361].
Cambridge, University of, funds from suppressed convents devoted to, [41], [42];
exclusion of women from, [80], [100], [230], [330]-333.
Camoens, [57].
Candolle, Alphonse de, [392], [393].
Canedi-Noe, Maddalena, [77].
Cannon, Annie J., [195].
Canova, in praise of Suor Plantilla Nelli, [60] footnote.
Canticle of the Sun, The, by St. Francis Assisi, quoted, [359].
Cape Observations, Herschel's, [186], [189].
Carlyle, quoted, [79] footnote.
Cassius, wife of, [23].
Castiglione, [66], [67];
in praise of women, [359].
Catalogue of Eight Hundred and Sixty Stars Observed by Flamsteed but Not Included in the British Catalogue, by Caroline Herschel, [186].
Catani, Giuseppina, professor of pathology at Bologna, [296].
Caterzani, [299].
Catherine of Aragon, [68], [69].
Cato, quoted, [27].
Catullus, [5].
Celeste, Sister Maria, daughter of Galileo, [363]-369.
Celleor, Mrs., quoted, [268].
Celsus, [174].
Ceretta, Laura, [62].
Cervantes, [57].
Chantry, bust of Mary Somerville by, [159].
Charity, Sisters of, [308].
Charlemagne, [39].
Chateaubriand, [256].
Chatelain, [289] footnote.
Châtelet, Émilie du, [87]; [151]-153;
achievements of, in astronomy, [175]-177;
as mathematical physicist, [201], [202].
Chaucer, quoted, [40] footnote.
Chemistry, women in, [214]-232;
sanitary, [218].
Chesterfield, Lord, quoted, [97].
Chiavello, Livia, of Fabriano, [59].
Chinchon, Countess of, [299] footnote.
Chinchona bark, introduction of, into Europe, [299] footnote.
Chopin, [359].
Christian Inscriptions in the Irish Language by Miss Stotes, [316].
Christine of Sweden, [82], [94], [370].
Church of the Household, [31]-34.
Cibo, Catarina, of Genoa, [59], [60].
Cicero, [8];
tribute of, to Lælia, [23];
Tulia's letters to, [29].
Cirey, [201].
Cité des Dames, [106], [107], [108], [109], [134].
Clairaut, [152];
work of, with Mme. Lepaute, [179], [180].
Clapp, Cornelia M., [254].
Clarke, Cora H., [254].
Clavière, in praise of women, [360].
Claypole, Agnes M., [254].
Claypole, Edith J., [254].
Cleopatra, physician, [270].
Clerke, Agnes M. and Ellen M., [196].
Codex Ludovicus, discovery of, [328], [333].
Codex Nuttall, [324].
Codex Sinaiticus, [328].
Coeducational institutions, comparative standing of men and women in, [128], [129].
Colonna, Vittoria, [61], [62], [65], [359].
Colton, Rev. John, Agnesi's Analytical Institutions translated into French by, [146], [147].
Columbus, [56], [380].
Comstock, Anna Botsford, [254].
Comte, [245].
Condé, [88].
Condorcet, [334] footnote.
Conic Sections, of Apollonius, Hypatia's commentary on, [139], [140], [168].
Connection of the Physical Sciences by Mary Somerville, [160], [211].
Considérations Générales sur l'État des Sciences et des Lettres aux Différentes Époques de Leur Culture by Sophie Germain, [156].
Convent of Arles, [36];
of Poitiers, [36];
of St. Hilda, [36];
of Bishopsheim, [39];
of St. Rupert at Bingen, [46];
of Helfta, [49].
Convent schools, [36], [41].
Convents, as centers of learning in Middle Ages, [35]-53;
suppression of, in England, [41], [42];
advantages of, [51];
influence of, [51]-53.
Conventus Matronarum,

[27].
Conversations on Chemistry, by Mrs. Marcet, [372].
Copernicus, [56], [189].
Corinna, [6], [17].
Corneille, [88].
Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi, [22], [25], [26].
Cornelia, wife of Pompey, [22].
Cotton gin, invention of, [351], [352].
Coudreau, Henri, [258].
Coudreau, Mme. Octavie, [256], [258]-264;
books by, [263] footnote.
Courtier, Castiglione's, [66], [67].
Cramoisy, Marie, [82].
Cranial capacity, relation of, to mental energy, [115]-117.
Crete, the Forerunner of Greece, by Mrs. Hawes, [322].
Crevaux, [262].
Crisculo, Maria Angela, [61].
Cumming, Constance Gordon, [256].
Cummings, Clara E., [254]
Cunitz, Maria, [170], [171].
Cunningham, Susan, of Swarthmore, [195].
Curie, Mme. Marie Klodowska, [326], [333], [362], [394], [397], [221]-232;
birth and early life of, [221]-222;
marriage of, to Pierre Curie, [222];
scientific investigations and discoveries of, [223]-226;
honors of, [227]-232.
Curie, Pierre, [222], [224].
Cushman, Florence, [195].
Cuvier, weight of brain of, [119], [215], [216].
Cyrene, school of philosophy at, [197].
Dacier, Mme., [82], [83] footnote.
Damien, Father, [274].
Danophila, [7].
Dante, [117], [324], [325], [357].
Darboux, M., in praise of Dorothea Klumpke, [193], [194].
Daremberg, Dr. Charles, [234], [270], [287] and [288] footnote.
Darmstadt, Medical College of, [292].
Darwin, on man, [3], [113];
quoted, [124].
Darwin's Origin of Species, the French translation of, by Clemence Royer, [245].
Davy gold medal of the Royal Society awarded to the Curies, [227].
Davidson, Ada B., [254].
Da Vinci, Leonardo, [66].
Dawes, [191].
Decameron, The, [197].
De Compositione Medicamentorum, by Trotula, [285].
Deffand, Mme. du, [11], [89], [92];
Marquise du Châtelet ridiculed by, [177] and footnote, [178] footnote.
Deipnosophistœ, of Athenæus, [137].
Delambre, [216].
De Lamennais, on woman's intellectual inferiority, [136].
De Morbis Mulierum et Eorum Cura, by Trotula, [284] footnote.
Demosthenes, quoted, [3] footnote; [10].
Denifle, [79], [289] footnote.
Denver School of Mines, woman principal of, [254].
De Orbium Celestium Revolutionibus, [189].
De Problemate quodam Hydrometrico by Laura Bassi, [209] footnote.
De Problemate quodam Mechanico by Laura Bassi, [208] footnote.
De Prony, in praise of Sophie Germaine, [154].
Descartes, [88], [94], [202];
doctrines of, [175], [176];
female pupils of, [369], [370].
Destouches, [86], [87].
Diaz, Porfirio, [324].
Didascalia Apostolorum in Syriac, The, edited by Margaret Gibson, [331] footnote.
Diderot, attitude of, toward women, [93].
Dietrich, Amalie, botanist, [243]-244.
Dieulafoy, Mme., archæologist, [317], [362];
archæological expeditions of, [318]-321.
Dieulafoy, Marcel, [318].
Diocletian, [272].
Diogenes, [10].
Diophantus, Arithmetica of, Hypatia's commentary on, [139], [168].
Diotima of Mantinea, Socrates' tribute to, [11].
Divina Commedia by Dante, [357].
Dock, Lavinia L., [280] footnote.
Doni Gasquet on dissolution of convents, [41].
Donne, Maria dalle, [79];
as professor of obstetrics, [209];
as surgeon, [299]-300.
Dorat, Jean, quoted, [71] footnote.
Dosi, Maria Vittoria, [77], [298].
Dramas of Hroswitha, [43], [44].
Draper, Mrs. Henry, endowment of the Henry Draper Memorial at Harvard by, [196].
Dryden, [98].
Dumée, Jeanne, [171].
Dunraven's Notes on Irish Architecture, edited by Miss Stotes, [316].
Dupanloup, Mgr., quoted, [396] footnote.
Dupré, Marie, [82].
Dupuytren, [294].
Early Christian Art in Ireland, by Miss Stotes, [316].
Eastman, Alice, [254].
Ecclesia Domestica, [31]-34.
Eckenstein, Lina, quoted, [50] footnote;
on influence of convents, [52], [53].
École de Médecine of Paris, admittance of women to, [290].
École de Physique et de Chimie in Paris, [223].
École des Femmes, [412].
Edinburgh, University of, [228], [305];
opposition of, to women, [80];
Miss Ormerod receives degree of Doctor of Laws at, [252].
Education, during the Renaissance, [71]-75;
in England, in the Middle Ages, [36]-42;
in France, in the post-Renaissance period, [83]-85.
Education of women in ancient Greece, [1]-18;
in ancient Rome, [18]-34;
in Greece and Rome compared, [26], [27];
in the Middle Ages, [34]-54;
during the Renaissance, [54]-75;
in Germany, in post-Renaissance period, [93], [94];
in England, in post-Renaissance period, [96]-98;
in the United States, in the post-Renaissance period [99], [100];
changes in, in last three-quarters of a century, [102]-105;
in Italy, [210].
Edwards, Amelia B., [256].
Eigenman, Rose S., [254].
Electricity, work of Mrs. Ayrton in, [212].
Eliot, George, [98], [264].
Elizabeth of Bohemia, [94], [369], [370], [371].
Elizabeth, Queen, [69], [70];
failure of, to provide for education of women, [42].
Elizabeth of Sweden, [82].
Elizabeth, wife of Hevilius, [175].
Ellis, Havelock, [117], [343] footnote.
Élogie Historique, Voltaire's, [152], [153].
Emerson, quoted, [105].
Encyclopedists, attitude of, toward women, [93].
Engineering, on trans-Siberian railroad in charge of a woman, [102].
England, education in, in the Middle Ages, [36]-42;
prestige of abbesses in, [52];
position of woman in, during the Renaissance, [57], [69];
position of women in, during post-Renaissance period, [95]-99;
women physicians in, [304]-307;
feminine population of, [407].
Entomology, [256];
achievements of Missouri woman in, [254].
Entomology, economic, Eleanor Ormerod's work in, [247]-252;
her publications on, [249]-250.
Entretiens sur l'Opinion de Copernic Touchant la Mobilité de la Terre, by Jeanne Dumée, [171].
Ephemeris of the Academy of Sciences, Mme. Lepaute's work on, [181].
Epicurus, [8], [10].
Épinay, Mme. d', [92].
Erasmus, [57], [68], [69], [73].
Erinna, [7], [17].
Erucarum Ortus, Alimenta et Paradoxa Metamorphosis, by Frau Merian, [242].
Erxleben, Dorothea Christin, physician, [293] footnote.
Espinasse, Mlle. de l', [11].
Este, Beatriche d', Duchess of Milan, [65], [66].
Este, Isabella d', Marchioness of Mantua, archæologist, [65], [66], [310], [311].
Estienne, Robert, [71].
Ethnology, [323].
Euler, Leonard, [202].
Euripides, [12];
quoted, [3] footnote; [12], [13] footnote; [268].
Eustochium, [31]-34, [357], [361].
Everett, Alice, [196].
Evolution, Clemence Royer's theory of, [246].
Explorations carried on by women, [257]-263.
Fabiola, physician, [272]-274.
Fabricius, [248].
Fairfax, Mary. See Somerville.
Fairfax, Sir William, [157], [211].
Fantuzzi, Giovanni, [205], [208], [237] footnote.
Faraday, [372], [373].
Fawcett, Mrs. Henry, [128].
Faye, Mme., [196].
Fedele, Cassandra, [59].
Feijoo, Benito Jeronimo, [110].
Felicie, Jacobe, physician, [289]-290.
Feltre, Vittorino da, [58] and [59] footnote.
Femmes Savantes of Molière, [30], [85]-87, [172].
Ferrara, court of, [65], [66].
Ferrara, University of, [62], [79].
Ferreyra, Bernada, [68].
Fiorelli, [312] footnote.
Flammarion, Mme., [196].
Fléchier, [88].
Fleming, Mrs. W., achievements of, in astronomy, [195].
Fletcher, Alice C., archæologist, [322], [323].
Fontana, Lavinia, [61].
Foot, Katherine, [254].
Form and Rotation of the Earth, The, by Mary Somerville, [212].
Fortunatus, [36].
Forty-one Facsimiles of Dated Christian Arabic Manuscripts by Agnes Lewis and Margaret Gibson, [331] footnote.
France, women in, during the Renaissance, [70], [71];
women in, during the post-Renaissance period, [81]-93;
mineral resources of, Mme. de Beausoleil's interest in, [239];
feminine population of, [407].
France, University of, [304].
Frankland, Percy, [376] footnote.
Frederick the Great, mother of, [370].
Frei, Frau Teresa, physician, [292].
French Academy of Sciences, [133], [146], [155], [201], [228], [232] footnote, [238], [326];
exclusion of women from, [78], [229], [230], [333], [393], [394].
French Institute, [246];
Sophie Germain honored by, [155];
discrimination of, against women, [230]-231 footnote.
Frontal lobe of brain in man and in woman, [122].
Fuller, Thomas, quoted, [75] footnote.
Fundamental Principles of Old and New World Civilizations, The, by Mrs. Nuttall, [324].
Gadolinium, discovery of, [219].
Gage, Susanna Phelps, [254].
Galfrido, quoted, [298] footnote.
Galileo, [364]-369, [380].
Galindo, Beatrix, [68].
Galvani, Luigi, [210], [236], [372].
Galvanic electricity, [210].
Gambara, Veronica, [61].
Gambetta, weight of brain of, [120].
Garden of Delights. See Hortus Deliciarum.
Garrett, Elizabeth, physician, [290] footnote, [304].
Gassendi, [94].
Gaufrey, Antoine Hamilton's, [169].
Gebert, [141].
Gegner prize from the French Academy of Sciences awarded to Mme. Curie, [228].
General Index of Reference to Every Observation of Every Star in the Above-mentioned British Catalogue, by Caroline Herschel, [186].
Geneva, University of, [228], [304].
Geneva, New York, College at, [301].
Genlis, Mme. de, [238].
Geoffrin, Mme., [89].
Geographical Society of Berlin, [256].
Geology, [254].
Geometry, taught by Hypatia, [139].
Geraldini brothers, [68].
Gerberg, Abbess, [43].
Germain, Sophia, [87], [154]-157, [391], [392];
grand prix of French Academy of Science won by, [155];
exclusion of, from French Academy, [393].
Germanicus, wife of, [24], [25].
Germany, education in, during Middle Ages, [43]-52;
privileges of abbesses in, [52];
position of woman in, during the Renaissance, [57], [70], [74];
women in, in post-Renaissance period, [93]-95;
universities of, open to women, [101];
attitude of, toward women to-day, [130]-134;
feminine population of, [407].
Gernez, M. D., [226], footnote.
Gertrude the Great, [46], [49].
Gibbon, quoted, [19].
Gibson, Margaret Dunlop, archæologist, [327]-332, [333].
Giessen, University of, [293].
Giliani, Alessandra, [237], footnote.
Girton College, [100].
Gladstone, quoted, [398], footnote.
Glycera, [10].
Goethe, [385].
Golden, Katherine E., [254].
Goldsmith, [98].
Goncourt, [109].
Gonzaga, Cecelia, [58] and [59], footnote.
Gonzaga, Elizabetta, [66], [67], [310].
Gorgo, [6];
quoted, [17].
Gospel of Isbodad in Syriac and English, by Margaret Gibson, [331], footnote.
Göttingen, University of, [293].
Gozzadina, Bitisia, [298].
Gozzadini, Bettina, [53].
Gracchi, Cornelia, mother of the, [22].
Granville, Lord, quoted, [97] and [98] footnote.
Grassi, Ippolita, [298].
Gravitation, discovery of, [384], [385].
Gray matter in the brain, relation of, to intelligence, [123].
Gray's Elegy, quoted, [403].
Greece, ancient, woman and education in, [1]-18, [398];
position of woman in, compared with Rome, [18], [19], [25]-27;
medical women in, [267]-271.
Greene, Catherine L., cotton gin invented by, [351].
Grey, Lady Jane, [69].
Grignan, Mme. de, [82].
Grimaldi, Cardinal, [203].
Guarna, Rebeca de, physician, [286].
Gubernatis, A. de, in praise of Donna Bovatelli, [325].
Gustavus of Sweden, [238].
Hæckel, [246].
Hæser, [278].
Hall, Mrs. Asaph, [376].
Hall, Edith H., archæologist, [321].
Halle, [332].
Halley, [140].
Hamilton, Antoine, [169].
Hamilton, Lady, [382], [383].
Hamilton, Sir William, [382], [383].
Hare, Christopher, [311] footnote.
Harmony of Women, by Perictione, [8].
Harrison, Jane E., archæologist, [332], [333].
Harvard Observatory, women on staff of, [195].
Harvard University, [99], [100];
Henry Draper Memorial at, [196], [322].
Haüy, [385].
Hawes, C. H., [322].
Hawes, Mrs. C. H. See Boyd, Harriet.
Heidelberg, University of, [62], [332].
Heine, quoted, [30] footnote, [113].
Hell, Mme. Hommaire de, [373].
Heller, [375].
Helmholtz, Hermann von, weight of brain of, [125] footnote.
Heloise, [141], [142].
Henry VII, [107].
Henry VIII, suppression of convents by, [41];
law of, in favor of women physicians, [291].
Henschel, G., [287] and [288] footnote.
Heptameron, [70].
Heredity, as a basis for woman's equality with man, [399].
Herpyllis, [10].
Herrad, [45],

[48], [49].
Herschel, Caroline, [159], [182]-190, [362], [377], [379], [383] footnote;
discoveries of, [183], [185];
astronomical writings of, [186];
honors of, [187]-189.
Herschel, Mrs. John, quoted, [187], [380] footnote.
Herschel, Sir John, [159], [182], [186].
Herschel, Sir William, [182]-185, [185] and [186] footnote, [378].
Hertzen, [272] footnote.
Hetæræ, the, [9]-12, [18], [414];
mistresses of French salons compared with, [92].
Hevilius, [175].
Hierophilos, [269].
Hill, Georgiana, Women in English Life, [41].
Hinckley, Mary H., [254].
Hipparchia, [8].
Histoire d'Henriette d'Angleterre, [91].
Histoire des Insects de l'Europe, by Frau Merian, [242].
Histoire des Sciences et des Savants depuis Deux Siècles, Candolle's, [392].
History of the Art of Antiquity, by Winckelmann, [311].
Hôpital, Marquis de l', [375].
Horace, [5], [21] footnote, [113].
Horæ Semiticæ, [330].
Hortensia, [27].
Hortus Deliciarum, by Herrad, [48], [49].
Hospital, first, founded by Fabiola, [272].
Hôtel de Rambouillet, [88]-89.
Houllerigue, M. L., [226] footnote.
How the Codex Was Found, by Mrs. Gibson, [330].
Howard, John, [281] footnote.
Hroswitha, [43]-45.
Huber, Mme., [371], [383] footnote.
Huber, François, [371].
Hudson, W. H., on the dramas of Hroswitha, [44].
Huggins, Lady, [196].
Humboldt, Alexander von, [160], [188], [211], [216], [256].
Huschke, [122].
Huxley, [251], [371], [377], [387], [388];
on physical disability of women, [127], [128].
Huxley, Leonard, [388] footnote.
Hyde, Dr. Ida H., [254].
Hyghens, Constantine, [94].
Hypatia, [235];
achievements of, in mathematics, [137]-141;
inventions of, [140];
letters of Synesius to, [141];
achievements of, in astronomy, [168];
attainments of, in natural philosophy and astronomy, [199]-201.
Icthyology, [254].
Iliad, translated by Mme. Dacier, [82];
quotation from, [267].
Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg, [228].
In Artem Analyticam Isagoge, by François Viète, [363].
In the Shadow of Sinai, by Mrs. Lewis, [327] footnote, [330].
Incarnata, Maria, physician, [297].
India, position of woman in, [5].
Insects, destructive, Eleanor Ormerod's study of, [247];
her famous leaflets on, [249], [250].
Insects, microscopic, Anna Comstock's work on, [254].
Institut de Saint Cyr, [83], [85].
Institutions de Physique, by Marquise du Châtelet, [152], [202].
Instituzioni Analitiche, by Maria Gaetana Agnesi, [78], [144]-150, [228].
Inventions of Hypatia, [140].
Inventors, women as, [334]-355.
Isabella of Castile, [290], [380].
Isabella of Spain, [59], [68].
Isis, inventions of, [335].
Isocrates, [10].
Isotta of Rimini, [59].
Italy, women of the Renaissance in, [55], [57]-68;
women in, during the post-Renaissance periods, [76]-81;
women mathematicians in, [142]-151;
education of women in, [210], [295], [296].
Jacobi, Dr. Mary Putnam, [128].
Jameson, Mrs., work of, in Christian iconography, [313]-316.
Jansen, Mme., [196].
Jaquier, Père, [152].
Jeffrey, Lord, [91].
Jenner, [299] footnote.
Jerusalem Delivered, [276].
Jesus College, Cambridge, nunnery of St. Radegund transformed into, [41].
Jex-Blake, Sophia, physician, [269] footnote, [305]-307.
Johnson, Dr., [98], [113];
quoted, [410], [412] and [413] footnote.
Jonson, Ben, [67].
Joseph II of Austria, [237].
Journey in Brazil, by Mr. and Mrs. Agassiz, [379].
Joya, Isabella de, [68].
Juana, daughter of Isabella the Catholic, [68].
Julius II, [309].
Juvenal, quoted, [20] footnote, [30].
Kablick, Josephine, [242]-243.
Kant, Immanuel, on woman's incapacity for mathematics, [136].
Kaschewarow, Mme., physician, [304].
Kelvin, Lord, [227].
Kepler, [375].
Kies, Mary, [346];
first United States patent awarded to, [344].
Kingsley, Charles, [257].
Kingsley, George, [257].
Kingsley, Mary H., African explorer, [256]-258, [264].
Kirch, Gottfried, [173].
Kirch, Maria, [173], [174].
Kirchhoff, Arthur, investigation of, regarding intellectual capacity of women, [129]-132.
Kirwan's Essay on Phlogiston, [214].
Klumpke, Anna, [194].
Klumpke, Augusta, [194] footnote, [290] footnote.
Klumpke, Dorothea, [193], [194].
Klumpke, Julia, [194].
Knight, Miss, [351].
Koenig, [152].
Kovalévsky, Sónya, [133], [161]-165, [397];
weight of brain of, [123] and footnote;
studies of, in Germany, [162];
appointment of, to chair of higher mathematics, in University of Stockholm, [162], [163];
Prix Bordin won by, [163].
Krauss, Dr., [313] quoted, [317] quoted.
Kronecker, in praise of Sónya Kovalévsky, [164].
Labé, Louise, [71].
La Bruyière, [108].
La Caze prize awarded to the Curies, [228].
La Chappelle, Mme. Marie Louise, physician, [293], [294].
La Condamine, [262].
La Cruz, Juana de, [69].
Lælia, Cicero's tribute to, [23].
La Fayette, La Comtesse de, [88], [91].
La Fontaine, [88], [172], [173].
Lagrange, [154], [216].
La Harpe, quoted, [90].
Lais, [10], [11].
Lalande, [178], [179];
in praise of Mme. Lepaute, [180], [181];
in praise of Mme. Lefrançais, [182].
Lamartine, [256].
Lamennais, de, quoted, [388].
Lamy, M. Étienne, quoted, [409], [410].
Landi, Rosanna Somaglia, of Milan, [76].
Langdon, Fannie E., [254].
Lanzi, in praise of Suor Plantilla Nelli, [60].
La Perse, La Chaldée et la Susiane, by Mme. Dieulafoy, [320] footnote.
Laplace, [216], [245].
Laplace's Méchanique Céleste, Mary Somerville's translation of, [159], [211].
Lapse and Conversion of Theophilus, by Hroswitha, [45].
La Rochefoucauld, [88].
Lasthenia, [11].
La Vigne, Anne de, [82].
Lavoisier, Mme. Antoine Laurent, [214]-216, [225], [362].
Laws of Plato, [15], [16].
Leavitt, Henrietta S., [195].
Lebrixa, Francisca de, [68].
Lecky, on dissolution of convents, [41].
Lefebre, Mme., [353].
Le Fevre, Tanquil, [82].
Lefrançais, Mme., [182].
Legendre, [154].
Legends of the Madonna, by Mrs. Jameson, [316].
Legion of Honor, decoration of, refused by Pierre Curie, [227];
chevalier of, conferred on Mme. Dieulafoy, [321].
Legrange, [155].
Leibnitz, [173], [202], [369], [370].
Leland, Eva F., [195].
Lemmon, Sarah A. Plummer, [254].
Leo X, [59].
Leontium, [8], [10].
Leoparda, physician, [271].
Lepaute, Mme. Hortense, [87], [362];
achievements of, in astronomy, [178]-182.
Lepinska, Melanie, [307] footnote.
Lespinasse, Mlle., [89], [90], [91].
Lewis, Mrs. Agnes Smith, archæologist, [327]-333.
Liber Compositæ Medicinæ, by St. Hildegard, [278].
Liber Simplicis Medicinæ, by St. Hildegard, [278].
Liber Subtilitatum Diversarum Naturarum Creaturarum, [233].
Liebig, [217], [247].
Linnæus, [300] footnote.
Lipmann, Professor, [222].
Literature, women in, in ancient Greece, [1]-18;
in ancient Rome, [27]-30;
achievements of Paula and Eustochium in, [31]-34;
achievements of women in, in Italy during the Renaissance, [58]-62;
women of to-day in, [406].
Livia, [24].
Livingstone, David, [373], [374].
Livre des Fais et Bonnes Meurs du sage Roy Charles V, by Christine de Pisan, [107].
Livre des Faits d'Armes et de Chevalerie, by Christine de Pisan, [107].
Lombard, Peter, on equality of woman, [47] footnote.
Lombroso, [109].
London Chemical Society, [228].
London, University of, attitude of, toward women, [54] footnote, [207], [288], [305].
Longfellow, [316]; quoted, [379].
Losa, Isabella, [68].
Louis XII, [59].
Louis Agassiz, His Life and Correspondence, [379].
Louise of Saxe-Gotha, Duchesse, [178], [179].
Lungo, Isidoro del, [361] footnote.
Luther, attitude of, toward women, [75].
Luynes, Mlle. de, [82].
Lyceum of ancient Athens, admission of women to, [10].
Lyell, Mrs. Charles, [373].
Mace, Hanna, [195].
Machina Cœlestis, of Hevilius, [175].
Macpherson, Geraldine, [316] footnote.
Maintenon, Mme. de, [83], [84], [85].
Maistre, Count Joseph de, quoted, [395], [396].
Malacorona, Rudolfo, [285], [286].
Malatesta, Battista, [62].
Malvezzi, Virginia, [298].
Mangord, daughters of, [54].
Manning, Mrs. A. H., [352].
Mantua, Marchioness of, [310], [311].
Manzolini, Anna Morandi, [236]-238, [298].
Marburg, University of, [294].
Marcella, [31].
Marcet, Mrs., [372], [373].
Marchina, Marta, [78].
Margaret of Navarre, [70].
Margarita, physician, [297].
Maria Theresa, Empress, [147].
Marine invertebrates, Mary Rathbun's work on, [254].
Marine life, Sophia Pereyaslawzewa's study of, [244], [245].
Markham, Clements R., [300] footnote.
Marlow, [67].
Marmontel, [90].
Marot, Clement, [66].
Marriage, intellectual development of women and, [412], [415], [416].
Martia, [356], [361].
Martial, quoted, [20] footnote, [28], [30].
"Mary Kingsley Society of West Africa, The," [258].
Mary Stuart, [69].
Masi, Ernesto, [208] footnote.
Mason, O. T., [343] footnote.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, [217], [220].
Massalsky, Princess Helena Kolzoff (Doria d'Istria), traveler, [255].
Mastellagri, Maria, [298].
Matapi, the, woman's invention of, [340].
Materia medica, [278].
Mathematics, women in, [136]-166.
Mather, Sarah, [345].
Matilda, Abbess of Quedlinburg, [46], [52].
Matildas of Helfta, [49].
Matteo, Thomasia de, physician, [297].
Maupertuis, [152].
Maury, Antonia C., [195].
Mazois, Fr., [312].
Mazzuchelli, quoted, [142] footnote.
Meaux, C., [288] footnote.
Méchanique Céleste, Laplace's, Mary Somerville's translation of, [159].
Mechanism of the Heavens, Mary Somerville's, [159].
Medaglia, Diamante, [142].
Medical women in Greece, [267]-271;
in Rome, [271]-274;
in England and Germany, [290]-295.
Medical Women—A Thesis and a History, by Dr. Sophia Jex-Blake, [307] footnote.
Medici, Michele, [237] footnote.
Medicine, attitude of Italian and Anglo-Saxon universities toward women students of, [80];
women in, [266]-308.
Medico-Chirurgical Academy of St. Petersburg, [304].
Melanchthon, daughter of, [70].
Mémoire sur le Feu, by Marquise du Châtelet, [202].
Memoirs on Chemistry, by Lavoisier, [215].
Memorial de l'Art des Accouchements, by Mme. Bovin, [294].
Menagius, [137].
Menander, [10].
Mendelssohn, Fanny, [264].
Mendelssohn, Felix, [264], [359].
Mendoza, Doña Maria Pacheco de, [68].
Mercuriade, physician, [286].
Merian, Dorothea and Helena, [241].
Merian, Maria Sibylla, naturalist, [240]-242.
Merriam, Florence, [254].
Messia Castula, duumvira, [27].
Metallurgy, [238], [240].
Metaneira, [10].
Metcalf, Betsy, [351].
Meteorologico Ozonometric station at Rome organized by Caterina Scarpellini, [192].
Metradora, physician, [270].
Mexican National Museum, [324].
Meyer, Ernest H. F., [234] footnote.
Michaelangelo, [359];
Vittoria Colonna and, [62], [65].
Michælis, [312] footnote.
Michelet, quoted, [70].
Middle Ages, the education of women during, [34]-54.
Mill, John Stuart, [109];
on intellectual capacity of women, [134];
quoted, [381], [387], [397], [398].
Miller, Olive Thorne, [254].
Milton, quoted, [99].
Mineralogy, [238], [256];
Herr Kablick's study of, [243].
Minerva, [338].
Mines, Denver School of, [254].
Mining, Mme. de Beausoleil's treatment of, [240].
Mitchell, Maria, achievements of, in astronomy, [191], [192].
Molière, [30], [90]; plays of, [85]-87;
Femmes Savantes, and Précieuses Ridicules of, [172];
L'École des Femmes of, [412].
Molluoca, [254].
Molza, Tarquinia, [60].
Monasteries, as centers of learning in Middle Ages, [35].
Mondino, [237] footnote.
Monographie de Turbellaries de la Mer Noire, by Sophia Pereyaslawzewa, [245].
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, quoted, [96], [97]; [299] footnote.
Montaigne, attitude of, toward women, [75].
Montalembert, quoted, [37], [38].
Montespan, Mme. de, [84].
Montesquieu, attitude of, toward women, [93].
Montmorency, Charlotte de, [88].
Montpensier, Duchess of, [84], [87].

Morandi-Menzolini, Anna, [79].
Morati, Fulvia Olympia, [62], [70].
More, Sir Thomas, daughters of, [69].
Morella, Juana, [68], [69].
Morphology, cellular, [254].
Motherhood, intellectual development and, [415], [416].
Mozart, [359].
Müller, John, of Königsburg, [170].
Murat, Joachim, [311].
Murfeldt, Mary E., [254].
Murphy, Anna. See Jameson, Mrs.
Myrtides, [17].
Myrus, [17].
Nairne, Lady, [264].
Naples, school of medicine at, [297].
Napoleon, [155], [209], [299], [311], [313];
weight of brain of, [120].
Natural sciences, women in, [233]-264.
Naturalists, Congress of, in 1893, [245].
Nautical Almanac, Miss Mitchell, compiler for, [191], [192].
Navarre, Pierre de, quoted, [45] footnote.
Navier, [156].
Navigation, Janet Taylor's works on, [161].
Necker, Mme., [281] footnote.
Nelli, Suor Plantilla, [60].
Newnham College, [100];
Jane E. Harrison's lectures at, [332].
Newton, [202], [207], [209], [371], [384].
Newtonism for Women, Algarotti's, [152].
Newton's Principia, [206];
Mme. du Châtelet's translation of, [152], [175], [176], [201].
New York Infirmary, [303].
Nicarete, [11].
Nightingale, Florence, [267], [274], [281] footnote.
Ninon de Lenclos, [11], [90], [92].
Nobel prize, in chemistry awarded to Mme. Curie by King of Sweden, [228];
in physics awarded to the Curies and M. H. Becquerel, [228];
won by Madame Curie, [394].
Noe-Candedi, Maddelena, [298].
Nogorola, Ginevra, [58] footnote.
Nogorola, Isotta, [58] footnote.
Nossidis, [17].
Nouvelles Observations sur les Abeilles, by François Huber, [372].
Noves, Laura de, [357], [362].
Nuns, Anglo-Saxon, [36]-42;
German, [43]-50;
accomplishments of, [51];
influence of, [51]-53;
medical work of, [274]-281.
Nur Mahal, [336].
Nuttall, Zelia, archæologist, [322]-324.
Nutting, M. Adelaide, [280] footnote.
Oclo, Mama, inventions of, [336].
Octavia, [24].
Odyssey, [267];
translated by Mme. Dacier, [82];
quotation from, [267].
On Curves and Surfaces of Higher Order, by Mary Somerville, [160].
On Molecular and Microscopic Science, by Mary Somerville, [160], [212].
On the Theory of Differences, by Mary Somerville, [160].
Opuscula of Anna Maria von Schurman, [95].
Ordronaux, J., [283] and [284] footnote.
Origenia, physician, [270].
Origin de l'Homme et de Sociétés, by Clemence Royer, [246].
Orlando Furioso, [276].
Ormerod, Eleanor, economic entomologist, [246]-252, [264];
entomological publications of, [249]-250;
important positions of, [251], [252].
Ornithology, [254].
Orr, M. A., [196].
Ostia, Fabiola's hospital at, [272].
Otto III, [52].
Ovid, [5]; in praise of Livia, [24].
Oxford, H. Rashdall, [288] footnote.
Oxford, University of, funds from suppressed convents devoted to, [41], [42];
attitude of, toward women, [65], [80], [100], [230].
Oxygen, discoveries of, [216];
discovery of, by Lavoisier, [216].
Ozanam, quoted, [55].
Padua, [296].
Padua, University of, Elena Cornaro Piscopia honored by, [77].
Palatine, Princess, [82].
Paleontology, Frau Kablick's study of, [242]-243.
Palgrave, comparison of Milton and Cædmon by, [38].
Pallas Athene, inventions of, [335].
Palmer, Mrs. Margaretta, of Yale, [195].
Paradise Lost, quoted from [389].
Paris, medical work of women in, [288]-290, [292];
Faculty of Medicine in, opposition by, to Jacobe Felicie, [289].
Parthenay, Catherine de, [362].
Pascal, [82], [113], [140].
Pascal, Gilberte and Jaqueline, [82].
Passions de l'Âme of Descartes, [370].
Pasteur, Louis, [113], [114], [226], [247], [248].
Pasteur, Mme., [376], [377], [383] footnote.
Patch, Edith M., [254].
Patents granted to women inventors, [344]-355.
Patterson, Florence Wambaugh, work in, [254].
Patterson, Florence Wambaugh, [254].
Paula, [31]-34, [357], [361].
Pavia, [296];
University of, degree conferred on Maria Pellegrina Amoretti by, [78].
Peckham, Elizabeth W., [254].
Pennington, Lady, quoted, [98] footnote.
Pennsylvania, University of, [322].
Pereyaslawzewa, Sophia, biologist, [244]-245.
Perez, Antonio, [68].
Perez, Gregoria, [68].
Perez, Luisa, [68].
Pericles, quoted, [4];
influence of Aspasia on, [12]-14.
Perictione, [8].
Perugino, [66].
Petraccini-Terretti, Maria, [79].
Petrarch, [357], [358] footnote.
Pfeiffer, Ida, traveler, [255], [256].
Phelps, Almira Lincoln, [254].
Phidias, [12].
Philosophy, achievements of women in, in ancient Greece, [8];
Clemence Royer's books on, [245].
Phryne, [11].
Physica, [233], [234].
Physica, by St. Hildegard, [278].
Physical Geography, by Mary Somerville, [160], [211].
Physical power, relation of, to mental energy, arguments based on, [111]-115, [127].
Physicians, women, in Italy, [295]-300;
American attitude toward, [300]-304;
See also Medical women.
Physics, women in, [197]-213;
Clemence Royer's books on, [245].
Physiology, vegetable, Florence Patterson's work in, [254].
Pierry, Mme. du, [178], [179].
Pindar, defeated by Corinna, [6].
Pio Albergo Trivulzio, Maria Gaetana Agnesi in charge of, [149].
Pioneer Work in Opening the Medical Profession to Women, by Elizabeth
Blackwell, [302] footnote.
Pisa, Leonardo da, [141].
Pisan, Christine de, [53], [106]-108;
on intellectual capacity of women, [134], [135].
Piscopia, Elena Cornaro, of Venice, [77], [142], [143].
Planisphere, invention of, by Hypatia, [140], [200].
Platearius, John, [284].
Plato, [10], [11], [137];
in praise of Sappho, [5];
quoted, [11];
influence of Aspasia on, [13], [16];
on education of women, [15], [16];
on the seclusion of Athenian women, [26], [27];
ideal of, of equal rights for women, [399].
Pliny, [270];
quoted, [28], [29].
Plotinus, [200].
Plutarch, [22], [167];
quoted, [4] footnote, [95];
in praise of Cornelia, [26].
Poetry, achievements of women in, in ancient Greece, [5]-7;
in ancient Rome, [28];
in the Renaissance, [61], [62].
Pogson, Miss, in the Observatory of Madras, India, [196].
Poisson, [154].
Polignac, Cardinal, [204].
Politian, [63], [73].
Political economy, Clemence Royer's work in, [245].
Polonium, discovery of, by Mme. Curie, [223].
Polydamna, physician, [267], [268].
Pompeii, excavations of Queen Caroline at, [311], [312].
Pope, [98], [113].
Porcia, [23].
Portico, the admission of women to, [10].
Portinari, Beatrice, [357].
Poupard, Mary E., [347] footnote.
Pratique des Accouchements, by Mme. La Chapelle, [294].
Praxilla, [6], [17].
Praxiteles, [11].
Précieuses Ridicules, of Molière, [30], [85]-87, [172].
Priestly, [216].
Primitive Athens as Described by Thucydides, by Jane E. Harrison, [332] footnote.
Princesse de Clèves, [91].
Principia, Newton's, Émilie du Châtelet's translation of, [152], [175], [176], [201].
Principia Philosophiæ of Descartes, [369], [370].
Priscianus, Theodorus, [271].
Prix Bordin, won by Sónya Kovalévsky, [163].
Problema Practicum of Anna Van Schurman, [95] footnote.
Procopius, [277] footnote.
Proctor, Mary, [196].
Proctor, R. A., [196].
Prodromus Astronomiæ, of Hevilius, [175].
Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion by Jane E. Harrison, [332] footnote.
Prony, [216].
Proudhon, [111], [245], [334], [338], [346].
Psalter, Latin, St. Jerome's version of, corrected by Paula and Eustochium, [32], [33].
Psychology, as a basis of woman's equality with man, [399].
Public affairs, woman's influence in, in ancient Rome, [23]-25.
Pudentilla, [356].
Punch, quoted, [302] footnote.
Pusey, E. B., [113].
Putnam, Mary C., physician, [290] footnote; [304].
Pythagoras, [137], [197], [199].
Queensland Amalie Dietrich's botanical work in, [244].
Quintilian, Hortensia praised by, [27].
Quintus Maximus, [273].
Rabelais, [57];
attitude of, toward women, [75].
Radcliffe College, [255].
Radium, discovery of, by the Curies, [224].
Rambouillet, Marquise de, [88], [89].
Randolph, Harriet, [254].
Raphael's School of Athens, [141].
Rashdall, quoted, [55], [56].
Rasponi, Donna Felice, [60].
Rathbun, Mary J., [254].
Recognitions of Clement translated by Margaret Gibson, [330] footnote.
Red Cross, nurses of, [308].
Reduction and Arrangement in the Form of Catalogue, in Zones, of All the Star-clusters and Nebulæ Observed by Sir W. Herschel in His Sweeps, by Caroline Herschel, [186].
Réflexions sur le Bonheur, by Émilie du Châtelet, [153].
Regimen Santatis Salernitanum, [282].
Regiomontanus, [170].
Reinhardt, Anna Barbara, [154].
Renaissance, [309], [310];
women poets of, [7];
dates of, [54]-56;
women and education during, [54]-75;
in Italy, [55];
literary exponents of, [57];
women of, in Italy, [57]-68;
women and education following, [76]-105.
Renan, in praise of Mme. Royer, [246].
Renaud, A., [343] footnote.
Renée, Duchess of Ferrara, [65], [66].
Reni, Guido, [61].
Renzi, S. de, [287] and [288], footnote.
Republic of Plato, [15], [16].
Rerum Medicarum, by Theodorus Priscianus, [271].
Restitution de Pluton, by Baroness de Beausoleil, [238].
Retzius, Prof., [124].
Reuss, Dr. F. A., quoted on St. Hildegard, [279].
Ribera, Catherine, [68].
Richards, Mrs. Ellen H., sanitary chemist, [217]-220.
Richelieu, Cardinal, [88], [94], [239].
Ringle, Chevalier, [238].
Ritter, Frederic, [363] footnote.
Ritter, Karl, [256].
Roberval, [172].
Roccati, Cristina, [142].
Rochechouart, Elizabeth de, [82].
Rochechouart, Gabrielle de, [82].
Rohan, Anne de, [82].
Rohan, Marie-Eleanore de, [82].
Rohan, Princesse de, [362].
Romana, Francesca de, physician, [286].
Rome, ancient woman and education in, [18]-34;
medical women in, [271]-274;
medical faculty of, [297].
Ronsard, quoted, [70] footnote.
Röntgen, [223].
Rosales, Isabella, [145].
Rossi, Giovanni Battista de, [326].
Rossi, Properzia de, [60], [298].
Rousseau, [413];
quoted, [30] footnote;
attitude of, toward women, [92], [93].
Royal Agricultural Society of England, [251].
"Royal Asiatic Society," [258].
Royal Astronomical Society, Mary Somerville elected to, [159];
gold medal bestowed upon Caroline Herschel by, [186], [187];
Caroline Herschel's books published by, [186];
Caroline Herschel elected to, [188].
Royal College of Science for Ireland, comparative standing of men and women in, [128], [129].
Royal Historical and Archæological Association of Ireland, [316].
Royal Institution of Great Britain, [228].
Royal Irish Academy, election of Caroline Herschel to, [189].
Royal Society of Great Britain, attitude of, toward women, [230], [393], [394].
Royal Swedish Academy, [228].
Royer, Clemence Augustine, scientist, [245]-246.
Rudolphine Tables, Maria Cunitz's abridgment of, [171].
Rümker, Mme., [191].
Rusticana, [356].
Rutebœuf, in praise of Trotula, [285].
Ryssel, Professor V., [331] footnote.
Sabatier, Paul, [359] footnote.
Sabbadini, quoted, [59] footnote.
Sablière, Mme. de la, [171]-173.
Sacred and Legendary Art by Mrs. Jameson, [313], [315], [316].
St. Andrews, University of, [332].
St. Augustine, [212].
St. Boniface, [39].
St. Clara, [358], [359], [361].
St. Cyr, Institut de, [83], [84], [85].
Saint-Evremond, [88], [390].
St. Hilda, Abbess of Whitby, [36]-39.
St. Hildegard, Abbess of the Convent of St. Rupert, [45]-48, [233]-235;
knowledge of astronomy of, [169], [170];
as physician, [277]-281.
St. Jerome, [31]-33;
quoted, [273].
St. Jerome's Vulgate, [357].
St. John of Beverly, [37].
St. John's College, Cambridge, endowment of, by funds from suppressed convents, [41], [42].
St. Lioba, Abbess of Bishopsheim, [39], [40].
St. Nicerata, physician, [272].
St. Radegund, Abbess of Poitiers, [36].
St. Theodosia, physician, [272].
Salerno, [53], [54] footnotes, [296].
Salerno, University of, [281]-288;
women as students and professors of medicine in, [80], [281]-288.
Salons, French, [88]-92.
Samarium, discovery of, [219].
Sand, George, [246], [264].
Sanitation, study of, by Mrs. Ellen H. Richards, [217]-220.
Sapienza, chair in, offered to Marta Marchina, [78].
Sappho, [5]-8,

[17].
Sarti, [298].
Satire contre les Femmes, Boileau's, [172].
Saussure, de, [215].
Savari, Mme. Pauline, [231] footnote.
Saxony, privileges of abbesses in, [52].
Scala, Alessandra, [59].
Scarpellini, Caterina, [192].
Scarpellini, Feliciano, [192].
Scheele, [216].
Schiffi, Chiara. See St. Clara.
Schiller, [113].
Schliemann, Dr. Henry, [317], [318], [319].
Schliemann, Mme. Sophia, archæologist, [317], [318], [319], [362].
Scholasticism, [233].
School of Athens, Raphael's, [141].
Schopenhauer, [111], [414].
Schubert, [359].
Schumann, [359].
Scipio Africanus, Cornelia, daughter of, [22].
Scott, Miss Charlotte Angas, [166].
Scudéry, Madeleine de, [88], [91].
Scutari, [274].
Sebastopol, biological station at, [244].
Select Narratives of Holy Women translated by Agnes Lewis, [331] footnote.
Selenographia of Hevilius, [175].
Se-ling-she, invention of silk by, [336].
Semiramis, [341] footnote.
Serment, Louise, [82].
Servilia, [23].
Sevigné, Mme. de, [88].
Seymour, Anne, Margaret and Jane, [69].
Shakespeare, [57], [67].
Sheldon, J. M. Arms, [254].
Shelley, [67].
Sidonius, Caius Apollinaris, [356].
Siebold, Carlotta von, physician, [292].
Siebold, Regina Joseph von, physician, [292].
Sigea, Luisa, [69].
Silkworms, Frau Merian's work on, [242].
Simms, Dr. Joseph, [120].
Sir Isumbras, [275].
Sixtus IV, Pope, [297], [309].
Skull, relation of size of, to mental energy, arguments based on, [115]-117.
Slosson, Annie T., [254].
Small-pox, prevention of, [299] footnote.
Smith, Emily A., [254].
Smith, Sydney, quoted, [92], [413] footnote.
Smithsonian Institute, [323].
Snow, Dr. Julia W., [254].
Social and economic conditions, intellectual growth of women and, [405], [406].
Socrates, [199], [200];
tribute of, to Diotima of Mantinea, [11];
influence of Aspasia on, [12], [13], [16];
woman's equality with man asserted by, [15], [16].
Solomon, quoted, [336].
Solon, in praise of Sappho, [5].
Some Pages of the Four Gospels Retranscribed from the Sinaitic Palimpsest, by Agnes Lewis, [330] footnote.
Somerville, Mary, [157]-161, [211], [391], [392];
early life of, [157], [158];
translation of Laplace's Méchanique Céleste by, [159];
honors of, [159], [160];
books by, [160], [211], [212];
home life of, [161];
election of, to Royal Astronomical Society, [188], [189];
achievements of, in astronomy, [190], [211], [212];
death of, [212].
Somerville, Rev. Dr., [158].
Sophia Charlotte, Queen of Prussia, [370], [371].
Sophocles, [12].
Sorbonne, lectures of Mme. Curie at, [227].
South America, Mme. Coudreau's explorations in, [258]-263.
Spain, women of the Renaissance in, [68], [69].
Spalding, Most Rev. Archbishop J. L., quoted, [413] and [414] footnote.
Spanheim, [94].
Specialization in scientific research, [408], [409].
Spectator, [306].
Spencer, Herbert, [2], [113].
Spenser, [67].
Spiegelberg, Moritz von, [62].
Spilimbergo, Irene di, [61] footnote.
Staël, Mme. de, [89], [91], [246];
Marquise du Châtelet ridiculed by, [177].
Stampa, Gaspara, [61].
Steele, [98].
Stephens, Mabel C., [195].
Steppes de la Mer Caspienne, by Mme. Hommaire de Hell, [373].
Stevenson, Sarah Yorke, archæologist, [322], [323].
Stilpo, [11].
Stockholm, University of, appointment of Sónya Kovalévsky to chair of higher mathematics in, [162], [183];
Sónya Kovalévsky's lectures at, [164] footnote.
Stotes, Margaret, archæologist, [316], [317].
Strindberg, [163], [165].
Strozi, Lorenza, [59].
Studia Sinaitica, [330].
Suetonius, quoted, [19].
Suidas, [200].
Sulpicia, [28].
Supellex Manzoliniana, [237].
Surgery, women in, [266]-308.
Surinam, insects of, Frau Merian's book on, [240]-241.
Survey of the Heavens, by Sir William Herschel, [187].
Suslowa, Nadejda, physician, [304].
Sviani, Elisabetta, [298].
Swallow, Ellen. See Richards, Mrs. Ellen H.
Swammerdam, [248].
Swetchine, Mme., [89].
Swift, [98], quoted, [98] footnote.
Symbols and Emblems of Early Mediæval Christian Art by Louise Twining, [316].
Symonds, J. A., [113].
Synesius, bishop of Ptolemais, [141], [168], [199], [200].
Tacitus, [24], [25], [28].
Taine, comparison of Milton and Cædmon by, [38].
Taj Mahal, [337] footnote.
Tambroni, Clotilda, professor of Greek, [78], [79], [209], [298].
Tasso, Torquato, [66].
Taylor, Janet, [161].
Telesilla, [6], [17].
Tencin, Mme., [92].
Tennyson, quoted, [416], [417].
Terentia, [356], [361].
Tertulla, [23].
Thais, [11].
Theano, [8], [17], [199], [269].
Themista, [8].
Theodicy, by Leibnitz, [371].
Theodora, [359].
Theon, [137], [168], [199].
Thucydides, quoted, [4] footnote.
Thurm, Christopher, [174].
Tiberius, wife of, [24].
Tides of the Ocean and Atmosphere, The, by Mary Somerville, [212].
Tischendorf, [328], [329].
Titian, [61], footnote, [66].
Traité de Chimie, by Lavoisier, [215].
Traité d'Horlogerie, [179].
Traité de Radio-Activité, by Mme. Curie, [228].
Travelers, women, [255]-264.
Travels in West Africa, by Mary H. Kingsley, [257].
Treat, Mary, [254].
Trinity college, Dublin, [100].
Tristan und Isolde, by Godfrey of Strasburg, [276].
Trombetas, explored by Madame Coudreau, [258].
Trotula of Salerno, physician, [284]-286, [296], [297], [299].
Tulia, letters of, [29].
Turgenieff, weight of brain of, [119].
Twining, Louise, archæologist, [316].
Tyndall, [385].
Types and Figures of the Bible Illustrated by Art, by Louise Twining, [316].
United States, women in, in post-Renaissance period, [99], [100];
women mathematicians in, [166];
women astronomers in, [195];
famous women naturalists in, [253]-255;
women physicians in, [300]-304;
education in, [401], [402].
United States National Museum, [254].
Universities, of England, Scotland and Ireland, attitude of, toward women, [100], [101];
of Germany open to women, [101];
European, women as professors in, [102];
coeducational, comparative standing of men and women in, [128], [129].
Universities, Italian, attitude of, toward women, [57], [58];
women in, during the Renaissance, [62]-65;
women professors in, [78]-80;
attitude of, toward women, compared with that of Anglo-Saxons, [80].
Urania, muse of astronomy, [167].
Urania Propitia, by Maria Cunitz, [171].
Urbino, court of, [66], [67].
Urbino, Duchess of, [310], [311].
Urbino, University of, [62].
Vaccination, [299] footnote.
Valiæ, physician, [272].
Van Schurman, Anna Maria, [94], [95].
Vasari, in praise of Suor Plantilla Nelli, [60].
Vasca de Gama, [56].
Vasourie, [236].
Vassar, Matthew, [100].
Vassar College, [100], [192], [216], [253].
Vatican, [309].
Vega, Lopez, [68].
Veitch, Professor John, quoted, [382], [383] footnote.
Venerable Bede, quoted, [37], [38].
Verronese, Guarino, [58] and [59] footnote.
Vico, Father de, [191].
Victoria, physician, [271].
Victoria, Queen, [316].
Viète, François, [362].
Vigri, Caterina, [60] footnote.
Virchow, Rudolph, [117], [278].
Virgil, quoted, [112], [335].
Vis viva, views of Marquise du Châtelet on, [202].
Vita Nuova, by Dante, [357].
Vitalis, Ordericus, [285].
Vivès, Juan, [68], [69], [73], [75].
Voet, [94].
Voght, [246].
Voiture, [88].
Voltaire, [89], [117];
attitude of, toward women, [93];
Émilie du Châtelet and, [151], [153], [178] and [179] footnote;
quoted [175], [206], [334], [346];
election of, to the Bologna Academy, [207];
letters of, to Laura Bassi, [207].
Voyage à la Mapuerá, by Mme. Coudreau, [263] footnote.
Voyage au Cuminá, by Mme. Coudreau, [263] footnote.
Voyage au Itaboca et à l'Etacayuna, by the Coudreaux, [263] footnote.
Voyage au Maycurú, by Madame Coudreau, [262] and [263] footnote.
Voyage au Rio Curuá, by Madame Coudreau, [262] and [263] footnote.
Voyage au Tapaos, by the Coudreaux, [263] footnote.
Voyage au Tocantins-Araguaya, by the Coudreaux, [263] footnote.
Voyage au Trombetas, by Madame Coudreau, [258], [263] footnote.
Voyage au Xingu, by the Coudreaux, [263] footnote.
Voyage entre Tocantins et Xingu, et Voyage au Yamunda, by the Coudreaux, [263] footnote.
Vulgate, [357];
assistance of Paula and Eustochium in preparation of, [32].
Wagner, Rudolph, [120].
Wallace, Robert, [252] footnote.
Walpole, Horace, [89];
quoted, [97] footnote.
Waltharius, by Ekkehard, [276].
Warsaw, [221].
Watson, Sir William, quoted, [184].
Weber, [359].
Wells, Louisa D., [195].
West African Studies, by Mary H. Kingsley, [257].
Westwood, [248].
Wheeler, Miss B. E., archæologist, [321].
Whewell, Dr., [160].
Whiting, Sarah F., of Wellesley, [195].
Whitney, Eli, [352].
Whitney, Mary W., of Vassar, [195].
Wilhelm II, attitude of, toward women, [94].
William of Auxerre, in praise of St. Hildegard, [47], [48].
Williams, Blanche E., archæologist, [321].
Winckelmann, [311].
Winlock, Anna, [195].
Wisdom, by Perictione, [8].
Woman Under Monasticism, Eckenstein's, [52].
Women in English Life, by Georgiana Hill, [41].
Wordsworth, quoted, [372].
Wordsworth, Dorothy, [372].
Worms, Fannie Langdon's study of, [254].
Würzburg, University of, [279].
Xenophon, quoted, [4]; [25].
Young, Annie S., of Mt. Holyoke, [195].
Young, Arthur, [214].
Zoölogy, Herr Kablick's study of, [243].
Zoyosa, Casa, [59] footnote.
Zurich, University of, [244], [304].

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