| BOOK I. |
| STATE OF MATTERS BEFORE THE REFORMATION. |
| | PAGE |
| CHAP. I. |
| Christianity—Formation of the Papacy—Unity of the Church—The Decretals—Hildebrand—Corruption of Doctrine, | [13] |
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| CHAP. II. |
| Grace and Works—Pelagianism—Penances—Indulgences—Supererogation—Purgatory—Taxation—Jubilee, | [27] |
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| CHAP. III. |
| Relics—Easter Merriment—Corruption of the Clergy—A Priest's Family—Education—Ignorance, | [34] |
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| CHAP. IV. |
| Christianity Imperishable—Opposition to Rome—Frederick the Wise—His Character—His Anticipation, | [42] |
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| CHAP. V. |
| The Empire—National Character—Switzerland—Italy—Spain—Portugal—France—Netherlands—England—Scotland—The North—Russia—Poland—Bohemia—Hungary, | [48] |
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| CHAP. VI. |
| State of Theology—Witnesses for the Truth—The Vaudois—Wickliffe—-Huss—Savonarola—John Wessel—Prolés, | [58] |
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| CHAP. VII. |
| Literature—Dante—Printing—Reuchlin—His Struggle with the Dominicans, | [71] |
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| CHAP. VIII. |
| Erasmus—His Genius—His 'Praise of Folly'—His Greek Testament—His Influence—His Failings, | [82] |
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| CHAP. IX. |
| The Nobles—Hütten—'Letters of some Obscure Men'—Seckingen—Cronberg—Hans Sachs—General Fermentation, | [94] |
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| BOOK II. |
| YOUTH, CONVERSION, AND FIRST LABOURS, OF LUTHER. |
| |
| CHAP. I. |
| Luther—His Parentage—The Paternal Roof—Strict Discipline—School—The Shunammite—His Studies—University, | [103] |
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| CHAP. II. |
| Scholasticism and the Classics—Luther's Piety—His Discovery of a Bible—His Sickness—The Thunderstorm—His Entrance into a Convent, | [112] |
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| CHAP. III. |
| His Father's Anger—Servile Employments—His Studies—The Bible—Hebrew and Greek—His Agony during Mass—Faints, | [118] |
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| CHAP. IV. |
| Staupitz—His Piety—His Visitation—His Conversation—Presents Luther with a Bible—The Old Monk—Luther's Consecration—His Call to Wittemberg, | [126] |
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| CHAP. V. |
| The University of Wittemberg—Luther's First Employment—Biblical Lectures—Preaching at Wittemberg—The Old Chapel, | [136] |
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| CHAP. VI. |
| Luther's Journey to Rome—A Convent on the Po—Luther's Behaviour at Rome—Corruption of the Romish Clergy—Prevailing Immorality—Pilate's Staircase, | [140] |
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| CHAP. VII. |
| Doctor's Degree—Carlstadt—Luther's Oath—First Views of Reformation—The Schoolmen—Spalatin, | [149] |
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| CHAP. VIII. |
| 'Popular Declamations'—Moral Purity of Luther—Mysticism—Spenlein—Justification by Faith—Necessity of Works, | [156] |
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| CHAP. IX. |
| First Theses—Visit to the Convents—Dresden—Erfurt—Tornator Peace and the Cross—Labours—The Plague, | [163] |
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| CHAP. X. |
| Luther and the Elector—Duke George—Luther at Court—Dinner Emser's Supper, | [167] |
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| CHAP. XI. |
| Theses—Human Nature—Rationalism—Eck—Urban Regius—Luther's Modesty, | [172] |
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| Book III. |
| THE INDULGENCES AND THESES. |
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| CHAP. I. |
| Cortège—Tezel—His Discourse—Sale of Indulgences—Public Penance—Letter of Indulgence—Feasting and Debauchery, | [180] |
| |
| CHAP. II. |
| The Soul in the Burying-Ground—Shoemaker of Hagenau—Myconius—Stratagem—Miner of Schneeberg, | [187] |
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| CHAP. III. |
| Leo X—His Necessities—Albert—His Character—Franciscans and Dominicans, | [193] |
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| CHAP. IV. |
| Tezel Approaches—Luther in the Confessional—Tezel's Rage—Luther's Discourse—The Elector's Dream, | [197] |
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| CHAP. V. |
| Luther's Theses—Letter to Albert—Dissemination of the Theses, | [203] |
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| CHAP. VI. |
| Reuchlin—Erasmus—Flek—Bibra—The Emperor—The Pope—Myconius—The Monks—Adelman—An Old Priest—Bishop of Brandenburg—Luther's Moving Principle, | [213] |
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| CHAP. VII. |
| Tezel's Attack—Luther's Reply—Luther and Spalatin—Study of Scripture—Scheurl and Luther—Luther pleads for the People—A new Suit, | [221] |
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| CHAP. VIII. |
| Disputation at Frankfort—Tezel's Theses—Knipstrow—Luther's Theses burnt—Tezel's Theses burnt, | [227] |
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| CHAP. IX. |
| Prierio—His Dialogue—Luther's Reply—Hochstraten—Eck—'The Obelisks'—'The Asterisks,' | [235] |
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| CHAP. X. |
| Popular Writings—Lord's Prayer—Sermon on Repentance, | [244] |
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| CHAP. XI. |
| Apprehensions of Luther's Friends—Journey to Heidelberg—Bibra—The Palatinate Castle—The Paradoxes—Bucer—Brentz—Snepf—The Old Professor, | [249] |
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| BOOK FOURTH. |
| LUTHER BEFORE THE LEGATE. |
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| CHAP. I. |
| 'Solutions'—Leo X—Luther to the Bishop—To the Pope—To the Vicar-General—Rovere to the Elector—Discourse on Excommunication, | [258] |
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| CHAP. II. |
| Diet of Augsburg—The Emperor to the Pope—Luther cited to Rome—Luther's Peace—Intercession of the University—Papal Brief—The Pope to the Elector, | [266] |
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| CHAP. III. |
| Schwarzerd—His Wife—Philip Melancthon—His Genius—His Studies—Call to Wittemberg—Leipsic—Parallel between Luther and Melancthon—Education, | [273] |
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| CHAP. IV. |
| Luther and Staupitz—Order to Appear—Luther's Departure for Augsburg—Weimar—Nuremberg, | [280] |
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| CHAP. V. |
| Arrival at Augsburg—De Vio—Serra-Longa—Safe-Conduct—Luther to Melancthon, | [285] |
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| CHAP. VI. |
| First Appearance—Conditions of Rome—Propositions to Retract—Luther's Reply—Impressions on both Sides—Arrival of Staupitz, | [293] |
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| CHAP. VII. |
| Communication to the Legate—Second Appearance—Luther's Declaration—The Legate's Reply—The Legate's Volubility—Luther's Request, | [299] |
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| CHAP. VIII. |
| Third Appearance—Treasury of Indulgences—Humble Request—Legate's Rage—Luther Retires, | [303] |
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| CHAP. IX. |
| De Vio and Staupitz—Staupitz and Luther—Luther and Spalatin Communion—Departure of Staupitz and Link—Luther to Cajetan—Luther's Departure—Appeal to the Pope, | [307] |
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| CHAP. X. |
| Luther's Flight—Luther's Wish—The Legate to the Elector—The Elector to the Legate—Prosperity of the University, | [316] |
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| CHAP. XI. |
| Thoughts of Departure—Adieus to the Church—Critical Moment—Luther's Courage—Discontentment at Rome—Papal Bull—Appeal to a Council, | [321] |